CN101236145A - Coal firmness coefficient rapid determination method and portable measuring equipment - Google Patents
Coal firmness coefficient rapid determination method and portable measuring equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN101236145A CN101236145A CNA2007100781504A CN200710078150A CN101236145A CN 101236145 A CN101236145 A CN 101236145A CN A2007100781504 A CNA2007100781504 A CN A2007100781504A CN 200710078150 A CN200710078150 A CN 200710078150A CN 101236145 A CN101236145 A CN 101236145A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a quick determination method for the firmness coefficient of coal, which has the following steps of taking a coal sample, that is to take phi 1-3mm coal dust with a nest of screens; preparing a determination device, that is to vertically place a portable coal firmness coefficient quick determination device; charging the coal sample, that is to charge the phi 1-3mm coal sample into the determination device; compressing the coal sample, that is to turn a boosting knob to apply pressure and respectively record the travel of a scale pointer when the pointer of a pressure gauge stably reaches the pressure; computing the amount of compression, that is to compute the coal firmness coefficient of the coal body. The invention also relates to the portable coal firmness coefficient quick determination device, which comprises a coal sample barrel. The portable coal firmness coefficient quick determination device is characterized in that: the cavity of the coal sample barrel is divided into a compression cavity and a piston cavity, a travel groove is formed on one section of the piston cavity of the coal sample barrel, and displacement graduations are graved on the side of the travel groove. The determination device is capable of carrying out direct, multipoint and quick determination of the coal firmness coefficient down the hole with compact structure, convenient carrying and simple operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the coal mining safety technique, be specifically related to the solid coefficient rapid assay methods of coal and the portable determinator of use.
Background technology
Coal and gas outstanding (hereinafter to be referred as outstanding) are a kind of extremely complicated mash gas dynamic phenomenons that occurs under the coal mine, bring serious threat to the colliery safety in production, and it is the result by the physico-mechanical properties combined action of terrestrial stress, gas and coal.Terrestrial stress and gas pressure are the outstanding kinetic factors that takes place, and the survivability of coal is the outstanding resistance factor that takes place, its main and the physical strength of coal, the development degree in crack and relating to parameters such as structure of coal.For mechanics parameter measuring more complicated such as projecting coal bed, the intensity of coal, the mensuration of the solid coefficient of coal (f value) is then fairly simple, so, generally come concentrated expression coal body survivability with the f value.Facts have proved, it is big more that outstanding danger takes place in the coal seam that the solid coefficient of coal is more little, therefore, " control coal and gas are given prominence to detailed rules and regulations " and " coal and gas outburst mine evaluation standard " (MT637-1996) all with the solid coefficient of coal as one of prediction index of coal seam outburst hazard.In the daily prediction work of workplace outburst hazard, the solid coefficient of coal and drilling cuttings desorption of mash gas index (the desorption of mash gas ability of key reaction gas pressure and coal body) are taken all factors into consideration, outstanding leading factor can be more fully reflected, the outstanding accuracy of prediction can be improved.Yet the solid coefficient of coal generally can not directly be measured in the down-hole, but delivers to the laboratory after the workplace samples of coal pulled, measures with " weighted-drop " according to coal industry standard " the solid coefficient assay method of coal " regulation (MT49-87).Its principle is that the degree of grinding of coal and f value are approximated to a funtcional relationship, utilize this relation under certain ballistic work effect, calculates the f value by being determined at the amount that coal dust under the impact failure merit is broken to a certain granularity.But " weighted-drop " operation is cumbersome, all is to measure in the laboratory basically, not too be fit to the down-hole and directly measure, and minute is longer, can not adapt to the requirement of workplace fast prediction outburst hazard.For the promptness that adapts to outburst hazard prediction and advanced, need seek a kind of apparatus and method of solid coefficient of simple, fast measuring coal.
For some exper ienced colliery engineering technician, obtain coal sample from the mining face under mine rib and twist with the fingers with hand, can roughly estimate the solid coefficient that produces coal.According to the enlightenment of this phenomenon, by analyzing and experiment, adopt afterburning mode to pulverize coal sample, the solid coefficient of measuring coal from the size and the degree of grinding of reinforcing is fully feasible.The principle and the process of this method are: under external force, the space between the ickings at first is compressed, and along with the continuous increase of external force, ickings is progressively pulverized, and total deformation strengthens.Observe by the crushing process to ickings, the solid coefficient of coal is more little, and easy more pulverizing, the distortion of ickings integral body are then big more.Experiment showed, under the diameter and the essentially identical condition of loading velocity of particle diameter, coal sample tube of density at test environment, coal, coal sample the deflection Δ L (L of coal sample
1-L
2) solid coefficient (f) relevant (referring to Fig. 1) of main and on-load pressure (P) and coal, after the process of reinforcing and numerical value were fixed, f and Δ L just can form a funtcional relationship.By a large amount of tests, the application data approximating method draws the size of f value according to the numerical value change funtcional relationship of P and Δ L.In test, adopt existing " weighted-drop " to measure the solid coefficient f value of coal simultaneously, and be analyzed, set up the funtcional relationship (referring to Fig. 2) of the solid coefficient f of decrement and coal as standard.According to above principle and experimental result, a kind of solid coefficient assay method of new coal can be proposed.(particle diameter is Φ 1～3mm) to the ickings of getting rid of in the process to this method by taking the down-hole to drill, portable determinator with special use, by artificial load mode coal sample is compressed, the funtcional relationship of the coal sample f value of measuring along with the variation relation of on-load pressure and with traditional " weighted-drop " according to the coal sample deflection, the solid coefficient of calculating coal body.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of solid coefficient rapid assay methods of coal, it can utilize the solid coefficient of mining face under mine deep, the ickings fast measuring colliery coal of discharging in the process of drilling, for shifting to an earlier date and timely forecasting coal and the outstanding parameter accurately that provides of gas.
The solid coefficient rapid assay methods of coal of the present invention adopts the solid coefficient fast measuring device of portable coal to measure, and its step is as follows:
(1) get coal sample: drilling at degree of depth place, predetermined coal seam by rig in the down-hole, accesses coal dust in the aperture with the combination sieve; The sieve aperture of sieve is that the sieve aperture of Φ 3mm, following sieve is Φ 1mm above the combination sieve; The coal dust obtained is fully sieved by the combination sieve, stay the coal sample that coal dust in the following sieve is Φ 1～3mm;
(2) prepare determinator: the afterburning knob of the solid coefficient fast measuring device of the portable coal that reverses, compression piston is retreated, tuning drive gear is pointed to 0 position of displacement scale, then, the solid coefficient fast measuring device of portable coal is vertically placed, remove front end end cover, make the compression accent up;
(3) sample of coalingging: after the coal sample of Φ 1～3mm fully mixed, in the compression chamber of the solid coefficient fast measuring device of the portable coal of packing into, coal sample is filled naturally to maintaining an equal level with the compression chamber aperture, screwed the front end end cover sealing;
(4) compression coal sample: the afterburning knob that rotates the solid coefficient fast measuring device of portable coal, at the uniform velocity, pressurization lentamente, the recording manometer pointer is stable respectively reaches the stroke that first predetermined pressure is the 0.2MPa～1.0MPa and second predetermined pressure tuning drive gear when being 2.0MPa～4.0MPa;
(5) calculate decrement: the progressive error Δ L during above-mentioned two predetermined pressures, the trip difference is the coal sample decrement;
(6) the f value of calculating coal sample: according to the funtcional relationship between coal sample decrement of having set up and the standard f value, calculate the f value of coal sample, this f value is the solid coefficient of place, the predetermined deep coal body of coal;
Computing formula is f=ax
2+ bx+c
In the formula: the solid coefficient of f--coal;
The decrement of x--coal sample when the second and first predetermined pressure point (i.e. progressive error), mm;
A, b, c--coefficient, under the situation of f=0.1～1.2, when compression chamber internal diameter, length and the scheduled pressure value of coal sample tube was in the above-mentioned setting range, three's span was as follows:
a＝0.008～0.0015，b＝-0.45～-0.35，c＝2.0～3.5。
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of solid coefficient fast measuring device of portable coal, its compact conformation, and easy and simple to handle, finding speed is fast, is suitable for directly measuring in the down-hole solid coefficient of coal.
The solid coefficient fast measuring device of portable coal of the present invention, comprise coal sample tube, the front end end cover and the rear end cap that cooperate with coal sample tube two ends respectively, be provided with the stroke groove at the middle part of coal sample tube, it is characterized in that: the inner chamber of coal sample tube is divided into compression chamber and two parts of plunger shaft, in plunger shaft, be provided with compression piston, be provided with hydraulic piston in the oil pressure chamber in compression piston, tensimeter passes the stroke groove and is connected with compression piston and is connected with the oil pressure chamber, and the tuning drive gear in the tensimeter erection joint is corresponding with the displacement scale of stroke trough rim; One end of guide rod passes rear end cap and is connected with hydraulic piston, and the other end of guide rod is connected with afterburning knob.
The measuring principle of the solid coefficient fast measuring device of portable coal is: by the rotation of afterburning knob and advancing of guide rod, hydraulic piston is produced move the rising that causes oil pressure in the oil pressure chamber, oil pressure moves the compression piston generation and pressurizes to the coal sample in the coal sample chamber, coal sample is pulverized, and by tuning drive gear and displacement calibration summary decrement, funtcional relationship between the standard f value of the coal sample decrement under the pressure differential and " weighted-drop " mensuration is calculated the solid coefficient that produces coal according to the rules.
Through a large amount of tests of using said apparatus to measure the solid coefficient of coal, determined crucial design parameter, as ickings amount (is that Φ 15～30mm, compression chamber length are that the volume of the coal sample tube of 40～100mm is determined by internal diameter), first, second predetermined pressurization value (0.2MPa～1.0MPa, 2.0MPa～4.0MPa), loading velocity (less than 10mm/min), and test operation carried out standard, to guarantee the consistance and the precision of test result of test process.
Characteristics of the present invention are: by the mode of artificial reinforcing, coal sample is pulverized, according to the decrement of the coal sample after pulverizing and the relation of the solid coefficient of coal, the fast measuring of the solid coefficient of realization coal; Determinator transmits pressure by manually rotation " afterburning knob " pressurization, hydraulic oil and promotes modes such as compression piston moves, tensimeter shows pressurization value, stroke pointer indication decrement, realize the indication of pressurization, pulverizing, force value and the decrement of coal sample, at last by the decrement of coal sample and the funtcional relationship calculating f value of the solid coefficient of coal.
The present invention compares with existing " weighted-drop " assay method and device, has following major advantage:
(1) can realize fast measuring to the solid coefficient of coal.Adopt existing " weighted-drop " assay method and device, measure the solid coefficient of one group of coal, generally need more than the 30min,, generally need 1 day time if add from the down-hole and take coal sample to deliver to the time of ground experiment chamber.And adopt method and apparatus of the present invention, then can in 5min, finish mensuration;
(2) can realize the direct mensuration of down-hole.Existing " weighted-drop " assay method and device are used for experimental determination, severe environmental conditions such as be not suitable for that down-hole humidity, dim, wind speed are big, many, the various working equipments of ground float coal and personnel are miscellaneous.And method of the present invention and device are simple to operate, have the advantage of the environmental baseline of not being subjected to restriction;
(3) can carry out multi-site determination to the solid coefficient of workplace deep coal, satisfy the requirement of workplace coal and gas outburst risk prediction.Existing " weighted-drop " assay method and the device lump coal that adopt are measured more, the general lump coal sample that adopts workplace to expose rib, if measure the solid coefficient of workplace deep coal, then need to use rig and special coring drill rod, operation is trouble very.And method of the present invention and device adopt coal dust to measure, and only need to use widely used common rig in down-hole and drilling rod just can finish, so, can take the coal sample in workplace deep to measure easily.In addition, the solid coefficient of measuring workplace deep coal is the inevitable requirement that satisfies workplace coal and gas outburst risk prediction, could in time find the variation of coal seam survivability like this.
(4) assay device structures compactness, volume are little, in light weight, are easy to carry, simple to operate.Existing " weighted-drop " determinator comprises coal sample tube (steel cylinder of 700mm length, diameter 80mm), drop hammer (2.4kg), special-purpose graduated cylinder, balance, sieve, mortar etc., and matching component is many, and is separate, and weight is big, and inconvenience is carried, complicated operation.And assay device structures compactness of the present invention, volume are little, weight is less than 1kg, are easy to carry and the down-hole on-site measurement, and be simple to operate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the graph of relation of ickings total deformation and on-load pressure and solid coefficient.
Fig. 2 is the graph of relation of f value and Δ L.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the solid coefficient fast measuring device of portable coal.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, under the diameter of the particle diameter of the density of test environment, coal, coal sample, coal sample tube and the essentially identical condition of loading velocity, experimentize, obtain the compress variation Δ L (L of coal sample
1-L
2) graph of relation of solid coefficient (f) of main and on-load pressure (P) and coal, after the process of reinforcing and numerical value were fixed, f and Δ L just can form a funtcional relationship.
Referring to Fig. 2, by a large amount of tests, the application data approximating method draws the size of f value according to the numerical value change funtcional relationship of P and Δ L.In test, adopt existing " weighted-drop " to measure the solid coefficient f value of coal simultaneously, and be analyzed, set up the function relation curve figure of the solid coefficient f of decrement and coal as standard.
Referring to Fig. 3, with pack into oil pressure chamber 6 in the compression piston 5 of hydraulic piston 7, have in the coal sample tube 1 of stroke groove 4 in the middle part of packing into together, hydraulic piston 7 is divided into compression chamber 12 and 13 two parts of plunger shaft with the inner chamber of coal sample tube 1, and carves displacement scale 14 at the edge of stroke groove 4 again;
Front end end cover 2 and rear end cap 3 are engaged in the two ends of coal sample tube 1 respectively, and the hole that an end of guide rod 10 passes end cap 3 centers is connected with hydraulic piston 7, and the other end of guide rod 10 and afterburning knob 11 are connected;
Tensimeter 8 is installed on the compression piston by stroke groove 4, and make the tuning drive gear 9 in the tensimeter erection joint corresponding with the displacement scale 14 at stroke groove 4 edges, the tensimeter of the solid coefficient fast measuring device of portable coal can move around the recording compressed amount with compression piston;
Use above-mentioned device, can carry out the fast measuring of the solid coefficient of coal, its step is as follows:
(1) get coal sample: drilling at degree of depth place, predetermined coal seam by rig in the down-hole, accesses coal dust in the aperture with the combination sieve; The sieve aperture of sieve is that the sieve aperture of Φ 3mm, following sieve is Φ 1mm above the combination sieve; The coal dust obtained is fully sieved by the combination sieve, stay the coal sample that coal dust in the following sieve is Φ 1～3mm;
(2) prepare determinator: the afterburning knob 11 of the solid coefficient fast measuring device of the portable coal that reverses, compression piston 7 is retreated, tuning drive gear 9 is pointed to 0 position of displacement scale 14, then, the solid coefficient fast measuring device of portable coal is vertically placed, remove front end end cover 2, make the compression accent up;
(3) sample of coalingging: after the coal sample of Φ 1～3mm fully mixed, in the compression chamber 12 of the solid coefficient fast measuring device of the portable coal of packing into, coal sample is filled naturally to maintaining an equal level with the compression chamber aperture, screwed front end end cover 2 sealings;
(4) compression coal sample: the afterburning knob 11 that rotates the solid coefficient fast measuring device of portable coal, at the uniform velocity, pressurization lentamente, the recording manometer pointer is stable respectively reaches the stroke that first predetermined pressure is the 0.2MPa～1.0MPa and second predetermined pressure tuning drive gear when being 2.0MPa～4.0MPa;
(5) calculate decrement: the progressive error Δ L when calculating above-mentioned two predetermined pressures, the trip difference is the coal sample decrement;
(6) the f value of calculating coal sample: according to the funtcional relationship between coal sample decrement of having set up and the standard f value, calculate the f value of coal sample, this f value is the solid coefficient of place, the predetermined deep of coal body coal body;
Computing formula is f=ax
2+ bx+c
In the formula: the solid coefficient of f--coal;
The decrement of x--coal sample when the second and first predetermined pressure point (i.e. progressive error), mm;
A, b, c--coefficient, under the situation of f=0.1～1.2, when compression chamber internal diameter, length and the scheduled pressure value of coal sample tube was in the above-mentioned setting range, three's span was as follows:
a＝0.008～0.0015，b＝-0.45～-0.35 c＝2.0～3.5。
Claims (3)
1. the solid coefficient rapid assay methods of coal, its step is as follows:
(1) get coal sample: drilling at degree of depth place, predetermined coal seam by rig in the down-hole, accesses coal dust in the aperture with the combination sieve; The sieve aperture of sieve is that the sieve aperture of Φ 3mm, following sieve is Φ 1mm above the combination sieve; The coal dust obtained is fully sieved by the combination sieve, stay the coal sample that coal dust in the following sieve is Φ 1～3mm;
(2) prepare determinator: the afterburning knob 11 of the solid coefficient fast measuring device of the portable coal that reverses, compression piston 7 is retreated, tuning drive gear is pointed to 0 position of displacement scale 4, then, the solid coefficient fast measuring device of portable coal is vertically placed, remove front end end cover 2, make the compression accent up;
(3) sample of coalingging: after the coal sample of Φ 1～3mm fully mixed, in the compression chamber 12 of the solid coefficient fast measuring device of the portable coal of packing into, coal sample is filled naturally to maintaining an equal level with the compression chamber aperture, screwed front end end cover 2 sealings;
(4) compression coal sample: the afterburning knob 11 that rotates the solid coefficient fast measuring device of portable coal, at the uniform velocity, pressurization lentamente, the recording manometer pointer is stable respectively reaches the stroke that first predetermined pressure is the 0.2MPa～1.0MPa and second predetermined pressure tuning drive gear when being 2.0MPa～4.0MPa;
(5) calculate decrement: the progressive error Δ L when calculating above-mentioned 2 predetermined pressures, the trip difference is the coal sample decrement;
(6) the f value of calculating coal sample: according to the funtcional relationship between coal sample decrement of having set up and the standard f value, calculate the f value of coal sample, this f value is the solid coefficient of place, the predetermined deep coal body of coal.
2. the solid coefficient fast measuring device of portable coal, comprise coal sample tube (1), front end end cover (2) that cooperates with coal sample tube two ends and rear end cap (3) respectively, be provided with stroke groove (4) at the middle part of coal sample tube, it is characterized in that: the inner chamber of coal sample tube (1) is divided into compression chamber (12) and (13) two parts of plunger shaft, in plunger shaft (13), be provided with compression piston (5), be provided with hydraulic piston (7) in the oil pressure chamber (6) in compression piston, tensimeter (8) passes stroke groove (4) and is connected with compression piston and is connected with the oil pressure chamber, and the tuning drive gear in the tensimeter erection joint (9) is corresponding with the displacement scale (14) of stroke trough rim; One end of guide rod (10) passes rear end cap (3) and is connected with hydraulic piston, and the other end of guide rod is connected with afterburning knob (11).
3. the portable determinator of the solid coefficient fast measuring of coal according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the length of compression chamber is 40.0mm-100.0mm in the coal sample tube (1), and diameter is Φ 15mm～30mm millimeter.
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| CN101598034B (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2011-08-17 | 重庆俞科矿山设备有限公司 | Method for forecasting coal and gas outburst on site |
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| CN104034588B (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2016-03-30 | 浙江大学 | A kind of measurement mechanism of the balling class vegetables degree of packing |
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| CN109025995A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2018-12-18 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of underground coal mass strength penetration test device and method |
| CN109025995B (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2023-06-09 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Underground coal body strength penetration testing device and method |
| CN109813615A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-28 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of device and method of the solid coefficient of the quick test coal in scene |
| CN109813615B (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2024-03-22 | 河南理工大学 | Device and method for rapidly testing firmness coefficient of coal on site |
| CN112345387A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-02-09 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Method and system for measuring coal sample firmness based on image analysis |
| CN112345387B (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2023-04-07 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Method and system for measuring coal sample firmness based on image analysis |
| CN112415171A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-26 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Test device for simulating coal and gas outburst impact disaster-causing effect |
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