CN109521185B - Method and system for measuring residual crushing and swelling coefficient of coal-based rock - Google Patents
Method and system for measuring residual crushing and swelling coefficient of coal-based rock Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for measuring residual crushing and swelling coefficients of coal-based rocks. The invention provides a method for measuring residual crushing expansion coefficient of coal-based rock, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: step 1, measuring the original volume VOriginal(ii) a Step 2, placing the rock to be detected into a mashing cylinder; fixing the drop hammer on a fixed frame through a cord and lifting the drop hammer to a certain height; loosening the string to enable the drop hammer to fall into the mashing cylinder to crush the rocks; repeating the crushing operation until the crushing block size of the rock to be detected meets the requirement; placing the rock fragments to be detected into a sample separation sieve for separation; step 3, placing the rock fragments to be detected into a pressure applying cylinder; the separated hydraulic jack mounted on the frame is driven by a hydraulic oil pump to extend out to a certain height, and then the load transmission column is pushed against to transmit downward pressure to the rock fragments to be tested in the pressure applying cylinder, so that stress pressure is applied to the rock fragments to be tested; calculating the volume after crushing; and 4, calculating the residual rock crushing and swelling coefficient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rock mechanics and mining, and particularly relates to a method and a system for measuring residual crushing expansion coefficient of coal-series rock.
Technical Field
After the rock is broken, the volume increases. This property is called the rock's crushing and swelling. The rock crushing and expansion coefficient refers to the ratio of the volume of the rock in a loose state after being crushed to the original volume of the rock in an integral state before being crushed.
The volume of the crushed rock is reduced under the action of pressure. This property is called the compactibility of the rock. The residual rock crushing and swelling coefficient refers to the ratio of the volume of the rock under different pressures after being crushed to the original volume before being crushed.
As can be seen from the above defined concept: the rock crushing expansion coefficient can be regarded as a special case of the rock residual crushing expansion coefficient, namely the residual crushing expansion coefficient when the pressure is 0; the rock crushing and expansion coefficient and the residual crushing and expansion coefficient are measured and can be equivalently measured rock volume (original volume before crushing and volume after crushing).
The conventional rock crushing expansion coefficient and residual crushing expansion coefficient measuring device generally adopts a drainage method (rock is directly or after wax sealing is put into water) to measure the original volume of the rock, and has 2 outstanding problems that ① cannot realize nondestructive measurement of the original volume of the rock (the rock to be measured is not damaged and polluted), and ② has a limited application range (the rock is not suitable for irregular-shaped and hydrophilic expansive rocks).
The volume after the rock is crushed is measured, the volume of the rock after the rock is crushed changes along with the change of pressure and crushing block degree, the residual rock crushing and expansion coefficient is mainly determined by 2 indexes of the pressure and the crushing block degree (grain composition and grain shape), which is gradually known in the fields of rock mechanics and mining, and for the purpose, the key points of measuring the volume after the rock is 2: ① how to crush and sort, and ② how to apply pressure by means of a loading system.
It should be noted that, the existing rock crushing and sorting devices are all described as ' crushing and sorting ' in a fuzzy way as ' crushing rock ', and how to implement crushing and sorting specifically is not concerned, which is mainly characterized in that ' crushing and sorting ' of rock is easy to implement ', ① rock is different from conventional materials, and crushing is difficult to achieve according to the will of people (how to ensure that the crushing block size meets the requirement), and ② determines the mathematical relationship between the particle size and proportion, the particle shape and the like and the rock residual crushing and swelling coefficient.
As continental plates in China undergo repeated violent tectonic movements, the deep surrounding rocks in China have two remarkable characteristics: high stress (environmental), low strength (lithology).
The outstanding contradiction between high stress (environment) and low strength (lithology) causes serious disaster of large deformation of deep surrounding rock. Relevant studies have shown that: large deformations, usually caused by crushing and swelling of the rock after it has broken. Therefore, the crushing and expansion coefficients of different types of rocks are accurately obtained, and the large deformation inoculation development process is favorably clarified.
A coal-bearing rock series (coal series for short) is a set of sedimentary rock series which has symbiotic relationship on cause and contains coal bed (coal line). Compared with common magma rock and metamorphic rock, the coal series rock is loose and weak. This results in coal-series rock cutting processing, transportation degree of difficulty are big: the standard rock sample such as round and square is difficult to process; long distance transportation easily causes the crushing of the material.
Therefore, compared with common rocks, the breaking and swelling coefficient of the coal-based rocks is more difficult to accurately measure, ① rocks acquired from an engineering site are complicated in shape, geometric dimension parameters of the rocks are difficult to directly acquire by measuring tools such as a ruler and a vernier caliper, the original volume of the rocks is calculated through conversion, ② the original volume of the rocks can be measured through a drainage method, but the rocks are polluted (soaked), the next test (volume measurement after crushing) is influenced, and finally the measurement precision is influenced.
In summary, the existing coal-series rock crushing expansion coefficient and compression coefficient measuring device has 6 outstanding problems that ① cannot realize nondestructive measurement of original rock volume (damage and pollution to rocks), ② is limited in application range and is not suitable for irregular-shaped and hydrophilic expansion rocks, ③ crushing and sorting system is limited in function and cannot meet crushing and sorting requirements, ④ loading system is a traditional press, large in size, high in manufacturing cost, small in size and not suitable for large-scale popularization, ⑤ is large in measuring error (damage measurement can cause inaccurate rock original volume measurement), and ⑥ is troublesome in operation (time and labor are wasted).
Therefore, the invention is necessary to invent a device for measuring the residual crushing expansion coefficient of the coal-series rock, which has the advantages of no damage, good crushing and sorting effects, simple loading system, high measurement precision, convenience, rapidness and suitability for a wide range of coal-series rock, and provides a method for determining the relationship between the pressure, the crushing block degree (particle grading and particle shape) and the residual crushing expansion coefficient of the rock.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is made to solve the above problems, and an object of the invention is to provide a method and a system for measuring residual crushing expansion coefficient of coal-based rock, which can be applied to irregular-shaped and hydrophilic expansive rocks, realize nondestructive measurement of original volume of the rock, improve crushing and sorting effects, simplify a loading system, and improve measurement accuracy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
< method >
The invention provides a method for measuring residual crushing expansion coefficient of coal-based rock, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, measuring the original volume VOriginal
Determining the vacuumizing parameters of the rock to be tested, vacuumizing the vacuum compression bag filled with the rock to be tested by using an air pump, and then putting the vacuum compression bag filled with the rock to be tested into a bag V1In a measuring container for the liquid, and recording the volume scale value V after the measuring container is stabilized2(ii) a Vacuumizing an empty vacuum compression bag, putting the vacuumized vacuum compression bag into a measuring container, and respectively recording volume scale values V on the measuring container before and after the vacuum compression bag is put into the measuring containerbag1And Vbag2(ii) a Volume V of rock to be measuredOriginal＝V2-V1-(Vbag2-Vbag1)；
Step 2, crushing and sorting
Taking out the rock to be tested from the vacuum compression bag and putting the rock to be tested into a mashing cylinder; fixing the drop hammer on a fixed frame through a cord and lifting the drop hammer to a certain height; loosening the string to enable the drop hammer to fall into the mashing cylinder so as to crush the rock; repeating the crushing operation until the crushing block size of the rock to be detected meets the test requirement;
placing the crushed rock fragments to be detected into a coarse sample separation sieve, a middle sample separation sieve and a fine sample separation sieve in sequence for separation;
step 3, measuring the volume V after crushingAfter i
Placing the rock fragments to be detected into a pressure applying cylinder; the separated hydraulic jack which is arranged on the frame and driven by the hydraulic oil pump extends downwards to a certain height HExtension iFurther pushing the load transfer column to transfer the downward pressure to the rock fragments to be tested in the pressure cylinder, and applying stress pressure sigma to the rock fragments to be testedi；
Calculating the volume V after crushingAfter i＝(HRack-HExtension i-HJack-HTransfer column) S, in the formula: hRackThe total height of the frame; hJackThe fixed height of the separated hydraulic jack; hTransfer columnThe height of the load transfer column; s is the cross-sectional area of the pressing cylinder;
Preferably, the method for measuring the residual crushing and swelling coefficient of the coal-based rock provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: in step 1, the rock vacuumizing parameter is the air pumping amount after the vacuum degree reaches a certain degree, the rock hardness degree and the loose crushing degree are different, the borne maximum pressure is also different, therefore, different air pumping amounts are required to be given for different rocks, and the following formula is provided in the scheme to calculate the air pumping amount value:
Q＝f(α,β)＝alnα+be-β+c，
wherein Q is the air pumping quantity, f (α) is the air pumping quantity function, α is the rock hardness coefficient, β is the rock loose breaking coefficient, a, b and c are sensitive coefficients, and can be obtained by the following n groups of tests:
the minimum value of n is 3, i.e. the value of the sensitivity factor can be determined by at least 3 sets of test data.
Preferably, the method for measuring the residual crushing and swelling coefficient of the coal-based rock provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the values of a and b satisfy the following relations:
c, as determined by at least 1 set of tests.
Preferably, the method for measuring the residual crushing and swelling coefficient of the coal-based rock provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: the method for determining the value of the sensitivity coefficient c of the rock to be detected comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting calibration rocks with the same values of a and b according to the rocks to be detected; then, placing the calibration rock into a vacuum compression bag, pumping air by using an air pump, stopping pumping air when the vacuum degree reaches 0.001 atmospheric pressure, and recording the air pumping quantity Q at the moment1(ii) a Putting the vacuum compression bag into a measuring container to obtain the volume V of the vacuum compression bag1(ii) a The vacuum compression bag is taken out of the measuring container, and the air suction quantity Q is increased by a small marginConstant temperatureThen put it into the measuring container again to obtain its volume V2，V2Corresponding air extraction quantity Q2＝Q1+QConstant temperature(ii) a Repeating the above steps to obtain QjAnd Vj、Qj+1And Vj+1When is coming into contact with
When the air extraction quantity is considered to be stable, the corresponding Q at the moment is determinedjAnd finally, obtaining c by combining α, β and Q, and determining the value of c once by adopting the method under the condition that the values of a and b of rocks to be detected in different shapes or types are the same.
Preferably, the method for measuring the residual crushing and swelling coefficient of the coal-based rock provided by the invention can further comprise the following steps: and 5, determining a functional relation among rock pressure, crushing block degree and rock residual crushing expansion coefficient:
in the formula, l, m, n, and p are correlation coefficients, and can be obtained from 4 sets of test data.
Preferably, the method for measuring the residual crushing and swelling coefficient of the coal-based rock provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: the rock to be detected is rock with any shape, and can be in a regular shape or an irregular shape.
< System >
Further, the invention also provides a residual crushing and swelling coefficient measuring system for the coal-series rock, which is characterized by comprising the following components: a volume measuring device is provided with: the device comprises a vacuum compression bag used for wrapping the rock to be measured, an air pump used for pumping air to the vacuum compression bag, and a measuring container; a crushing and sorting device having a crushing unit and a sorting unit; the crushing unit comprises: the pounding device comprises a fixed frame, a drop hammer and a pounding cylinder, wherein the drop hammer is suspended on the fixed frame through a cord, and the pounding cylinder is matched with the drop hammer and is arranged right below the drop hammer and is provided with an upward opening; the sorting unit comprises a plurality of sample sorting sieves with different pore diameters; and a loading device having: the device comprises a rack, a separated hydraulic jack which is placed at the top of the rack, a hydraulic oil pump which is connected with the separated hydraulic jack and drives a force application end to be ejected upwards, a pressure application cylinder which is positioned right below the separated hydraulic jack and used for containing broken rock fragments to be detected, and a load transmission column which is positioned between the bottom end of the separated hydraulic jack and the broken rock fragments to be detected in the pressure application cylinder and used for transmitting downward pressure.
Preferably, the coal-based rock residual crushing expansion coefficient measuring system provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: the upper part of the load transfer column is a cylinder matched with the bottom end of the separated hydraulic jack, and the lower part of the load transfer column is a disc body matched with the pressure applying cylinder.
Preferably, the coal-based rock residual crushing expansion coefficient measuring system provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: the loading device further comprises: a hydraulic oil gauge mounted on the hydraulic oil pump for measuring the applied pressure sigmaiThe value is obtained.
Preferably, the coal-based rock residual crushing expansion coefficient measuring system provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: the vacuum compression bag is a transparent bag body, the measuring container is a transparent container, and volume scales are marked on the wall of the container.
Action and Effect of the invention
Compared with the prior art, the method and the system for measuring the residual crushing and expansion coefficient of the coal-based rock have the advantages that ① is wide in application range (suitable for hydrophilic expansive rocks and various irregular rocks), ② can achieve nondestructive measurement of the original volume of the rock, a ③ crushing and sorting system is powerful in function, a ④ loading system is simple and suitable for wide-range popularization, ⑤ is high in measurement accuracy, ⑥ is convenient and rapid to use, and ⑦ provides a method for determining the relation between pressure, crushing block degree (particle grading and particle shape) and the residual crushing and expansion coefficient of the rock.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a residual coefficient of expansion measurement system for coal-based rocks according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which fig. 1(a) is a schematic structural diagram of a volume measurement device, fig. 1(b) is a schematic structural diagram of a crushing and sorting device, and fig. 1(c) is a schematic structural diagram of a crushing and sorting device;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for measuring the residual crushing expansion coefficient of coal-based rock according to an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure: 100-a coal-series rock residual crushing and expansion coefficient measuring system; 10-a volume measuring device; 11-vacuum compression bag; 12-an air pump; 13-a measuring vessel; 13 a-volume scale; s-rock to be tested; SP-breaking the rock to be detected; 20-a crushing and sorting device; 21-crushing unit, 211-fixing frame, 212-drop hammer, 213-wire rope and 214-mashing cylinder; 22-sorting unit, 22 a-coarse sample-sorting sieve, 22 b-medium sample-sorting sieve and 22 c-fine sample-sorting sieve; 30-loading device, 31-frame, 32-separated hydraulic jack, 33-hydraulic oil pump, 34-hydraulic oil meter, 35-pressing cylinder and 36-load transfer column.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the method and system for measuring residual crushing expansion coefficient of coal-based rock according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
< example >
As shown in fig. 1, the system 100 for measuring the residual crushing and expansion coefficient of coal-based rock provided by the embodiment includes a volume measuring device 10, a crushing and sorting device 20, and a loading device 30.
As shown in fig. 1(a), the volume measuring device 10 provided in the present embodiment includes a vacuum compression bag 11, a suction pump 12, and a measuring container 13. The vacuum compression bag 11 is a transparent bag body and is used for wrapping the rock S to be detected. The suction pump 12 is used to suck the vacuum compression bag 11. The measuring container 13 is filled with liquid, the measuring container 13 used in the present embodiment is a transparent container, and the container wall is marked with volume scales 13a, and the liquid used in the present embodiment is water.
As shown in fig. 1(b), the crushing and sorting apparatus 20 includes a crushing unit 21 and a sorting unit 22. The crushing unit 21 includes a fixing frame 211, a drop hammer 212, a string 213, a mashing cylinder 214, and a plurality of sizing screens 22. The drop hammer 212 is suspended from the fixed frame 211 by a string 213. The mashing cylinder 214 is opened upward and disposed just below the drop hammer 212, and the geometric dimension of the mashing cylinder 214 is larger than that of the drop hammer 212 to ensure that the drop hammer 212 can smoothly enter the mashing cylinder 214 after the wire 213 is loosened. The sorting unit 22 includes a plurality of sample sieves 22 with different apertures, and in this embodiment, the sorting unit 22 includes three sample sieves, which are respectively: a coarse sizing screen 22a, a medium sizing screen 22b, and a fine sizing screen 22 c.
As shown in fig. 1(c), the loading device 30 includes a frame 31, a separate hydraulic jack 32, a hydraulic oil pump 33, a hydraulic oil gauge 34, a pressing cylinder 35, and a load transmission post 36. The separate hydraulic jack 32 is installed on the top of the frame 31, and the force application end of the separate hydraulic jack faces downwards; in this embodiment, the pressure cylinder 35 is a rigid member to prevent the pressure cylinder from generating significant deformation after bearing pressure, thereby affecting the measurement accuracy. A hydraulic oil pump 33 is connected to the separate hydraulic jack 32 for driving the force application end of the separate hydraulic jack 32 to be ejected toward the top of the frame 31 so that the bottom end of the separate hydraulic jack 32 moves downward and applies a downward load (reaction force). The hydraulic oil gauge 34 is mounted on the hydraulic oil pump 33, and measures the applied pressure σiThe value is obtained. And the pressure applying cylinder 35 is positioned right below the separate hydraulic jack 32 and is used for containing the rock fragments SP to be detected. The load transfer column 36 is located between the bottom end of the separate hydraulic jack 32 and the rock fragments SP to be measured in the pressure cylinder 35 for transferringThe pressure is gradually reduced; in this embodiment, the upper part of the load transfer column 36 is a small-diameter cylinder matched with the bottom end of the split hydraulic jack 32, the lower part is a large-diameter disc body matched with the pressing cylinder 35, and the diameter of the disc body is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the pressing cylinder 35, so as to ensure that the disc body can move in the pressing cylinder and is tightly combined with the inner wall of the pressing cylinder; in addition, the entire load transfer column 36 is a rigid member to prevent it from generating significant deformation after bearing pressure, thereby affecting the measurement accuracy.
The above is a detailed structure of the coal-based rock residual crushing expansion coefficient measuring system 100, and as shown in fig. 2, the method for measuring by using the measuring system 100 based on the above structure specifically includes the following steps:
step 1, measuring the original volume VOriginal
Step 1-1, determining the vacuumizing parameter (air pumping quantity function) of the rock S to be tested, and vacuumizing the vacuum compression bag 11 filled with the rock S to be tested by using an air pump 12.
When the vacuum is pumped, the pumping amount (pumping time and pumping speed) needs to be well controlled. If the drawing is light, the test error can be too high; if the draw is "heavy," the rock may be damaged (contrary to the original intent of the non-destructive measurement).
The hardness degree and the loose crushing degree of the rock are different, and the maximum pressure which can be born is also different. For this reason, different pumping amounts (pumping time, pumping speed) need to be given for different rocks.
Q＝f(α,β)＝alnα+be-β+c，
In the formula, Q-air extraction amount, v-air extraction speed, t-air extraction time, f (α) -air extraction amount function, α -rock hardness degree coefficient, β -rock loose crushing degree coefficient, and a, b and c are respectively sensitive coefficients.
Through 1 group of effective test data, c.a, b, c and other 3 constants can be determined and then the f (α) can be determinedi,βi) Result in arbitrary (α)i,βi) Corresponding rock vacuumizing parameter Qi＝viti。
Specifically, firstly, a calibration rock with the same values of a and b is selected according to the rock S to be detected.
Secondly, placing the calibration rock into a vacuum compression bag 11, pumping air by an air pump 12, stopping pumping air when the vacuum degree reaches 0.001 atmospheric pressure, and recording the air pumping quantity Q at the moment1(ii) a The vacuum compression bag 11 is placed in a measuring container 13, and the volume V is obtained1(corresponds to Q)1) (ii) a The vacuum compression bag 11 is taken out of the measuring container 13, and the suction amount Q is increased by a small amountConstant temperature(preferably)
) Then replaced in the measuring container 13 to obtain its volume V2，V2Corresponding air extraction quantity Q2＝Q1+QConstant temperature(ii) a Repeating the above steps to obtain QjAnd Vj、Qj+1And Vj+1When is coming into contact withWhen the air extraction quantity is considered to be stable, the corresponding Q at the moment is determinedjThe nondestructive air extraction quantity Q of the rock for calibration is obtained.
Finally, c can be obtained by combining α, β and Q.
Step 1-2, adding a proper amount of liquid into a measuring container 13 with proper geometric size, and recording a volume scale value V on the measuring container 131。
Step 1-3, putting the vacuum compression bag 11 filled with the rock S to be measured into a measuring container 13, and recording the volume scale value V of the measuring container 13 after the measuring container 13 is stabilized2。
Step 1-4. the vacuum compression bag 11 containing the rock S to be measured is taken out of the measuring container 13, opened, and then the rock S to be measured is taken out therefrom.
Step 1-5, measuring the volume V of the empty (not filled with the rock S to be measured) vacuum compression bag 11bag. Vacuumizing an empty (not filled with the rock S to be detected) vacuum compression bag 11; will draw trueThe empty vacuum compression bag 11 is put into a measuring container 13, and the volume scale values V on the measuring container 13 before and after the empty vacuum compression bag is put into the measuring container 13 are respectively recordedbag1And Vbag2(ii) a The vacuum-compressed bag 11 is removed from the measuring container 13.
And 1-6, properly arranging the rock, the vacuum compression bag 11, the air pump 12, the measuring container 13 and other articles used in the steps to finish the test operation link.
Step 1-7, calculating the volume V of the rock S to be measuredOriginal
VOriginal＝V2-V1-Vbag＝V2-V1-(Vbag2-Vbag1)。
Step 2, crushing and sorting
Step 2-1, crushing: taking out the rock S to be tested from the vacuum compression bag 11 and putting the rock S into the mashing cylinder 214; the drop hammer 212 is fixed on the fixed frame 211 through a wire 213 and is lifted to a certain height; loosening the string 213 to drop the drop hammer 212 into the mashing cylinder 214 to crush the rock; repeating the crushing operation until the crushing block size of the rock S to be detected meets the test requirement;
step 2-2, sorting: and placing the crushed rock fragments SP to be detected into a coarse sample separation sieve 22a, a middle sample separation sieve 22b and a fine sample separation sieve 22c in sequence for separation.
Step 3, measuring the volume V after crushingAfter i
Step 3-1, placing the rock fragment SP to be detected into a pressure applying cylinder 35; the separated hydraulic jack 32 is driven by the hydraulic oil pump 33 to extend downwards for a certain height HExtension iFurther, the pushing load transfer column 36 transfers the downward pressure to the rock fragment SP to be measured in the pressing cylinder 35, and applies a stress pressure σ to the rock fragment SP to be measuredi；
Calculating the volume V after crushingAfter i＝(HRack-HExtension i-HJack-HTransfer column) S, in the formula: hRackThe total height of the housing 31; hJackA fixed height for the split hydraulic jack 32; hTransfer columnThe height of the load transfer column 36; s is the cross-sectional area of the pressing cylinder 35;Hextension iThe numerical value can be measured through a ruler; different HExtension iCorresponding sigmaiThe values are read by a hydraulic oil meter 34.
And 5, determining a functional relation among rock pressure, crushing block degree and rock residual crushing expansion coefficient:
in the formula, l, m, n, and p are correlation coefficients, and can be obtained from 4 sets of test data. By means of the functional expression, blindness of the fitting formula can be reduced.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention. The method and system for measuring the coefficient of residual crushing expansion of coal-based rock according to the present invention are not limited to the description in the above embodiments, but shall be subject to the scope defined by the claims. Any modification or supplement or equivalent replacement made by a person skilled in the art on the basis of this embodiment is within the scope of the invention as claimed in the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for measuring the residual crushing and swelling coefficient of coal-based rock is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, measuring the original volume VOriginal
Determining the vacuumizing parameters of the rock to be tested, vacuumizing the vacuum compression bag filled with the rock to be tested by using an air pump, and then putting the vacuum compression bag filled with the rock to be tested into a bag V1In a measuring container for the liquid, and recording the volume scale value V after the measuring container is stabilized2(ii) a Vacuumizing an empty vacuum compression bag, putting the vacuumized vacuum compression bag into a measuring container, and respectively recording volume scale values V on the measuring container before and after the vacuum compression bag is put into the measuring containerbag1And Vbag2(ii) a Volume V of rock to be measuredOriginal＝V2-V1-(Vbag2-Vbag1)；
Step 2, crushing and sorting
Taking out the rock to be tested from the vacuum compression bag and putting the rock to be tested into a mashing cylinder; fixing the drop hammer on a fixed frame through a cord and lifting the drop hammer to a certain height; loosening the string to enable the drop hammer to fall into the mashing cylinder so as to crush the rock; repeating the crushing operation until the crushing block size of the rock to be detected meets the test requirement;
placing the crushed rock fragments to be detected into sample separation sieves with different pore sizes for separation;
step 3, measuring the volume V after crushingAfter i
Placing the rock fragments to be detected into a pressure applying cylinder; the separated hydraulic jack mounted on the frame is driven by a hydraulic oil pump to extend out by a certain height HExtension iFurther pushing the load transfer column to transfer the downward pressure to the rock fragments to be tested in the pressure cylinder, and applying stress pressure sigma to the rock fragments to be testedi；
Calculating the volume V after crushingAfter i＝(HRack-HExtension i-HJack-HTransfer column) S, in the formula: hRackThe total height of the frame; hJackThe fixed height of the separated hydraulic jack; hTransfer columnThe height of the load transfer column; s is the cross-sectional area of the pressing cylinder;
step 4, calculating the residual crushing expansion coefficient K of the rocki
In step 1, the rock vacuumizing parameters are as follows: the air extraction amount after the vacuum degree reaches a certain degree is calculated by adopting the following formula:
Q＝f(α,β)＝a lnα+be-β+c，
in the formula, Q is the air pumping quantity, f (α) is the air pumping quantity function, α is the rock hardness degree coefficient, β is the rock loose crushing degree coefficient, and a, b and c are sensitive coefficients.
2. The method for measuring the residual coefficient of crushing and expansion of the coal-based rock according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
wherein, the values of a and b satisfy the following relations:
the value of c is determined by at least 1 set of tests.
3. The method for measuring the residual coefficient of crushing and expansion of the coal-based rock according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method for determining the value of the sensitivity coefficient c of the rock to be detected comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting calibration rocks with the same values of a and b according to the rocks to be detected;
then, placing the calibration rock into a vacuum compression bag, pumping air by using an air pump, stopping pumping air when the vacuum degree reaches 0.001 atmospheric pressure, and recording the air pumping quantity Q at the moment1(ii) a Putting the vacuum compression bag into a measuring container to obtain the volume V of the vacuum compression bag1(ii) a The vacuum compression bag is taken out of the measuring container, and the air suction quantity Q is increased by a small marginConstant temperatureThen put it into the measuring container again to obtain its volume V2，V2Corresponding air extraction quantity Q2＝Q1+QConstant temperature(ii) a Repeating the above steps to obtain QjAnd Vj、Qj+1And Vj+1When is coming into contact with
When the air extraction quantity is considered to be stable, the corresponding Q at the moment is determinedjThe nondestructive pumping quantity Q of the rock for calibration;
finally, α, β and Q are combined to obtain c,
under the condition that the values of a and b of rocks to be detected in different shapes or types are the same, the value of c is determined only once by adopting the method.
4. The method for measuring the residual coefficient of crushing and expansion of the coal-based rock according to claim 1, further comprising:
and 5, determining a functional relation among rock pressure, crushing block degree and rock residual crushing expansion coefficient:
in the formula, l, m, n, and p are correlation coefficients, and can be obtained from 4 sets of test data.
5. The method for measuring the residual coefficient of crushing and expansion of the coal-based rock according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
wherein, the rock to be detected is rock with any shape.
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| CN110501266B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-02-28 | 西南石油大学 | Method for evaluating longitudinal deformation of proppant sand pile |
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