CN101234274A - Filtration medium and preparation, filter element, purifier and drinking machine using the same - Google Patents
Filtration medium and preparation, filter element, purifier and drinking machine using the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101234274A CN101234274A CNA2008100073308A CN200810007330A CN101234274A CN 101234274 A CN101234274 A CN 101234274A CN A2008100073308 A CNA2008100073308 A CN A2008100073308A CN 200810007330 A CN200810007330 A CN 200810007330A CN 101234274 A CN101234274 A CN 101234274A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a filter medium used for removing water cadmium in water, consisting of the following steps: a) mixing the raw materials containing ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, activated carbon, magnesium hydroxide and pore-forming agent with a weight ratio of 100 to 300: 100 to 200: 100 to 250: 50 to 100; b) pressing a mixture obtained in step a) in a die, sintering and cooling. The filter medium prepared by the method can remove the metal cadmium in water with a removing efficiency of over 95 percent, and the method is easy with low cost and rapid effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of filter core, water purifying plant and drinking Fountains that underwater gold belongs to filter medium of cadmium and preparation method thereof, uses this filter medium of removing.
Background technology
Industry and developing rapidly of agricultural cause water resource to be seriously damaged, industrial wastewater discharge is in rivers, lake, agricultural chemicals, agrochemical be the discharging wantonly of use and house refuse and sanitary wastewater in a large number, the water quality variation that these all cause underground water and surface water causes producing in the water a lot of harmful materials.Water pollutes more and more becomes the severe problem that influences people's life.
Cadmium is a kind of heavy metal element, forms compound with chemical elements such as oxygen, chlorine, sulphur and extensively is present in the natural environment.Cadmium can enter human body by approach such as food, water, smoking, skin contacts, when the concentration of cadmium acquires a certain degree, cadmium poisoning will take place.But cadmium is classified as the 6th noxious material that is detrimental to health to the equal toxigenicity of kidney, lung, liver, testis, brain, bone and hematological system by U.S. poisonous substance administration committee.Cadmium in the environment can not biodegradation, and reach 10～30 years the biological half-life in human body, is the easiest known poisonous substance of accumulating in human body.It is reported that when the cadmium content in the water surpassed 0.2mg/L (mg/litre), this water of human long-term drinking can cause Itai-itai diseases.Zoopery shows; the minimum lethal dose of small white mouse is 50mg/kg (mg/kg); enter the cadmium of human body and warm-blooded animal; mainly be accumulated in liver, kidney, pancreas, thyroid gland and the bone; make generation pathologies such as kidney organ and influence people's normal activity, cause that anaemia, hypertension, neuralgia, sclerotin are soft, illness such as ephritis and dyssecretosis.Cadmium also has strong toxic action to fish and other aquatic organisms.Its toxicity maximum be solubility chlorination cadmium, when concentration surpasses 0.001mg/L, just can produce lethal effect to fish and aquatic organism.Caddy is also very big to crop growth harm, and its critical concentration is 1.0mg/L, contains in the irrigation water when cadmium surpasses 0.04mg/L and obvious pollution will occur, when the cadmium mass concentration surpasses 0.1mg/L in the water, will suppress the self purification of water body.Therefore want the cadmium content in the water of strict control drinking water, fishery water, irrigation water etc.
2006, the environmental monitoring of xiangtan, hunan province city Environmental Protection Agency the cadmium content in the Xiang River water of Hunan is detected, find that pollutions that exceed standard of in various degree cadmium appears in Xiang River Zhuzhou to areas in Changsha section, so Xiang Tan, Changsha two city water factories source quality of fetching water is subjected to polluting in various degree.In addition, the high value of cadmium concentration is 0.067mg/L in the water of Guangdong Bei Jiang, the standard GB 5749-1985 of China has stipulated the standard of water quality in the Drinking Water, wherein to the requirement of cadmium content for being lower than 0.01mg/L, so with respect to national Specification, the cadmium content of northern river once made drink water Nanhua, Yingde City water factory of problem of local more than 10 ten thousand people of relation stop to supply water.Though now the concentration of cadmium is effectively controlled in the water of Xiang River and Bei Jiang, also has the happen occasionally phenomenon of cadmium pollution water of a lot of places.Therefore, need the effective cadmium of removing in the water.
The method that the removal underwater gold belongs to cadmium mainly contains four kinds: (1) coagulation-precipitation-filtration method, (2) electrolysis, (3) ion-exchange and membrane separation process, (4) biological treatment.Coagulation-precipitation-filtration method belongs to conventional water treatment process, is about to water treatment agent and puts into water, through coagulation, treats to generate precipitation after the impurity reaction in water treatment agent and the water, filters then and is purified water.There are some researches show that when the cadmium content in the water was 0.7mg/L, after coagulation-precipitation-filtration method processing, the content of cadmium can only descend 45% at most.Electrolysis is to isolate the method for metal ion when electrolysis from solution, and the shortcoming of this method is very low that concentration of heavy metal ion can not fall in the water.Ion-exchange and membrane separation process relatively are fit to the low concentration treatment of heavy metal ions, but need the specialized apparatus matched with devices, and equipment investment is big, the operating cost height, and the waste of water resource is comparatively serious in the water treatment procedure.Though the biological treatment effect is good, but need long time culture of bacteria, the requirement condition harshness is difficult for carrying out.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of filter medium, be mainly used in the cadmium metal of removing in the water, thereby reach the purpose of improving water quality.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of filter medium that underwater gold belongs to cadmium that is used to remove.
In order to reach above goal of the invention, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of being used to removed the preparation method of filter medium that underwater gold belongs to cadmium, comprises the steps:
A) raw material that will comprise ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, active carbon, magnesium hydroxide and gas generation agent mixes, and the weight ratio of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, active carbon, magnesium hydroxide and gas generation agent is: 100～300: 100～200: 100～250: 50～100;
B) mixture of step a) gained is suppressed sintering, cooling in mould.
Described ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is a weight average molecular weight greater than 1,000,000 polyethylene, and preferably using weight average molecular weight is 250～4,000,000 polyethylene.Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene can obtain from domestic production producer, and the product of M-I (molecular weight is 150 ± 500,000), M-II (molecular weight is 250 ± 500,000), M-III (molecular weight is 350 ± 500,000), M-IV specifications such as (molecular weight are greater than 4,000,000) can be provided as Second Factory of Auxiliary Agent of Orient Petrochemical Industry Co., Ltd., Be.An effect of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is bonding and the effect that forms the filter medium skeleton, utilizes ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene to pass through compacting in addition, and the filter medium that sintering obtains forms micropore easily, can play the effect of impurity in the adsorbed water.
Active carbon is a kind of porous material, and it has as cellular pore structure, huge specific area, special surface functional group, stable physics and chemical property, is good adsorbent, catalyst or catalyst carrier.Can be divided into wood activated charcoal according to raw material sources different activities charcoal, as cocoanut active charcoal, apricot shell active carbon, wooden burgy etc.; The mineral raw material active carbon is the active carbon that raw material is made as various coals and oil and elaboration products thereof; The active carbon that other raw material is made, the active carbon of making as scrap rubber, waste plastics etc.Be that the active carbon intensity in source is higher, absorption property is better wherein with the coconut husk material.The specific area of preferred active carbon is not less than 500 meters squared per gram, more preferably is not less than 1000 meters squared per gram.
Active carbon is impurity, the especially medical activated carbon in the adsorbed water efficiently, and as the product by the relevant drug surveilance standard of country, impurity content is lower, and surface area is bigger, and adsorption effect is also better.Select for use medical activated carbon can guarantee that filter medium is directly used in the processing of drinking water.It is better that activated carbon uses particle diameter to be that 38～250 microns medical activated carbon is removed the effect of cadmium.
Magnesium hydroxide is a kind of alkalescent material, and its main source is valuable deposition bed such as dolomite, carnallite etc.These ores are removed calcium wherein with the ion exchange of seawater through after calcining, and the reaction of generation is:
Ca(OH)
2·Mg(OH)
2+Mg
2+＝2Mg(OH)
2↓+Ca
2+
Magnesium hydroxide is a kind of environmentally friendly water treatment agent, has active big, high adsorption capacity, non-corrosiveness, pH value easy to control, safety, advantage such as harmless, meets the principle of Green Chemistry and friendly process, has worldwide obtained extensive application.When magnesium hydroxide was handled the heavy metal cadmium ion waste water, following chemical change took place:
Cd
2++Mg(OH)
2Cd(OH)
2↓+Mg
2+
And the use particle diameter is 18～178 microns a magnesium hydroxide, better effects if.
The inventor finds under study for action, in the process of the above-mentioned filter medium of preparation, if wherein magnesium hydroxide weight is greater than 80% of active carbon weight, i.e. and W
1＞0.8 * W
2, can obtain the effect of cadmium in the better removal water, concrete reason or principle still can not determine, wherein W
1Be the weight of magnesium hydroxide, W
2Weight for active carbon.
Gas generation agent is selected at least a in Celogen Az, food-grade carbonic hydroammonium, the oxalic acid.As preferably, gas generation agent is Celogen Az or food-grade carbonic hydroammonium.Wherein, food-grade carbonic hydroammonium also claims AMMONIUM BICARBONATE FOOD GRADE, distinguishes mutually with technical grade carbonic hydroammonium.Though technical grade carbonic hydroammonium also has the effect of sending out the hole, it may contain the impurity of insalubrity, should not be as the raw materials for production of drinking water filter medium.Gas generation agent is that a class is easily decomposed a large amount of gases of generation and caused a material of sending out the hole effect, and wherein azo compound, sodium acid carbonate, carbonic hydroammonium, ammonium carbonate, sulphonyl nitrile compounds, oxalic acid etc. are its typical representatives.
Pressing pressure can be chosen as 0.4～1.0MPa, and sintering temperature is: 190～300 ℃, sintering time is 10～200 minutes, and being cooled to can the demoulding below 70 ℃.
Though the present invention has carried out comparatively detailed description for several raw materials used in the step a) among the above-mentioned preparation method, the present invention is not limited to this kind theory.Still can not determine for the concrete chemical change between them, the variation of structure in preparation process.The filter medium that these several raw materials are prepared through above-mentioned PROCESS FOR TREATMENT can effectively be removed the cadmium in the water, and synergy is arranged, and the cadmium in the water fully can be absorbed.
In the present invention, for blend step, can think that any low shear mixer or agitator that can significantly not change diameter of particle and size distribution all is suitable for, such as the agitator with blunt impeller blade, drum-type blender, spiral agitator etc., rotating speed will be decided on the type of blender, but is advisable with the dust of avoiding kicking up.
Mixed powder is filled in the pre-designed mould, and with its compacting, pressure generally is not more than 2MPa by pressurization, and adapts with the material of mould therefor; Mould can be by aluminium, cast iron, steel or any suitable material manufacturing that can bear relevant pressure and temperature.Can be in the mould inner surface release agent application, that can select silicone oil or any other for use can be adsorbed onto commercially available releasing agent on the filter medium hardly, also can use processing release papers such as aluminium foil.
The present invention also provides following technical scheme: a kind of filter core that uses above-mentioned filter medium.
The present invention also provides following technical scheme: a kind of purifier comprises above-mentioned filter medium or filter core.
The present invention also provides a kind of water dispenser that comprises above-mentioned purifier.
With respect to prior art, the invention has the advantages that the technical scheme that is proposed can remove the cadmium in the water, clearance reaches more than 95%, thereby reaches the purpose of improving water quality, and method is simple, and cost is low, instant effect.
The specific embodiment
For further understanding the present invention, above-mentioned technical scheme is further elaborated and illustrates below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
(1) take by weighing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder 220g, described ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is the M-III type product of Second Factory of Auxiliary Agent of Orient Petrochemical Industry Co., Ltd., Be, and its molecular weight is 3,500,000;
(2) take by weighing medicinal active carbon dust 170g, the particle diameter of described medical activated carbon is 38～250 microns;
(3) take by weighing magnesium hydroxide powder 200g, the particle diameter of described magnesium hydroxide powder is 18～61 microns;
(4) take by weighing food-grade carbonic hydroammonium 60 grams, purity reaches more than 99.99%;
(5) above-mentioned four kinds of powder are put into the mechanical agitator stirring mixed in 10 minutes;
(6) being packed into diameter is in the 50mm tubular die, suppresses under the hydraulic pressure of 0.7MPa, 240 ℃ of sintering temperatures 180 minutes.
(7) naturally cool to 50 ℃ of demouldings then, promptly get the tubulose filter core of many minute apertures.
Embodiment 2
(1) take by weighing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder 220g, described ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is the M-III type product of Second Factory of Auxiliary Agent of Orient Petrochemical Industry Co., Ltd., Be, and its molecular weight is 3,500,000;
(2) take by weighing medicinal active carbon dust 170g, the particle diameter of described medical activated carbon is 38～250 microns;
(3) take by weighing magnesium hydroxide powder 100g, the particle diameter of described magnesium hydroxide powder is 18～61 microns;
(4) take by weighing food-grade carbonic hydroammonium 60 grams, purity reaches more than 99.99%;
All the other steps are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
(1) take by weighing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder 150g, described ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is the M-II type product of Second Factory of Auxiliary Agent of Orient Petrochemical Industry Co., Ltd., Be, and its molecular weight is 2,500,000;
(2) take by weighing medicinal active carbon dust 140g, the particle diameter of described medical activated carbon is 89～178 microns;
(3) take by weighing magnesium hydroxide powder 240g, the particle diameter of described magnesium hydroxide powder is 38～178 microns;
(4) take by weighing Celogen Az 90 grams, it is pure that its purity reaches analysis;
All the other steps are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
(1) take by weighing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder 280g, described ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is the M-I type product of Second Factory of Auxiliary Agent of Orient Petrochemical Industry Co., Ltd., Be, and its molecular weight is 1,500,000;
(2) take by weighing medicinal active carbon dust 200g, the particle diameter of described medical activated carbon is 38～250 microns;
(3) take by weighing magnesium hydroxide powder 170g, the particle diameter of described magnesium hydroxide powder is 18～104 microns;
(4) take by weighing oxalic acid 85 grams, it is pure that its purity reaches analysis;
All the other steps are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
Get the tubulose filter core 1,2,3 of the many minute apertures of embodiment 1～4 gained, 4, the liner two-layer nonwoven, the outsourcing two-layer nonwoven wraps polypropylene porous net at skin again, bonding the going up in filter core two ends connects end cap, be positioned in stainless steel or the plastic casing, be used for Drinking Water, after testing, this filter core is good, as shown in table 1 to the removal effect of the cadmium metal in the drinking water.The needs that are fit to very much the home terminal drinking water treatment.
Table 1 uses filter core to handle the water of front and back, and method of testing adopts GB5750-1985 unit: mg/L
As can be seen from Table 1, the cadmium that utilizes filter core of the present invention to remove in the water has been obtained good effect.
More than filter medium provided by the present invention and preparation method thereof and the filter core made by this filter medium are described in detail.Used specific embodiment in this specification principle of the present invention and embodiment have been set forth, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the thought of the present invention part that may in implementation process, can change in specific embodiments and applications.Therefore, the content of this specification record should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of being used to removed the preparation method of filter medium that underwater gold belongs to cadmium, comprises the steps:
A) raw material that will comprise ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, active carbon, magnesium hydroxide and gas generation agent mixes, and the weight ratio of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, active carbon, magnesium hydroxide and gas generation agent is: 100～300: 100～200: 100～250: 50～100;
B) mixture of step a) gained is suppressed sintering, cooling in mould.
2, preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the weight of magnesium hydroxide is greater than 80% of the weight of active carbon.
3, preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the molecular weight of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is 250～4,000,000.
4, preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: active carbon is a medical activated carbon, and its particle diameter is 38～250 microns.
5, preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the particle diameter of magnesium hydroxide is 18～178 microns.
6, preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: gas generation agent is at least a in Celogen Az, food-grade carbonic hydroammonium, the oxalic acid.
7, the filter medium that obtains according to each described preparation method in the claim 1～6.
8, use the filter core of the described filter medium of claim 7.
9, a kind of purifier comprises and uses described filter medium of claim 7 or the described filter core of claim 8.
10, a kind of water dispenser comprises the described purifier of claim 9.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2008100073308A CN100534573C (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2008-03-04 | Filtration medium and preparation, filter element, purifier and drinking machine using the same |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2008100073308A CN100534573C (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2008-03-04 | Filtration medium and preparation, filter element, purifier and drinking machine using the same |
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| CN100534573C CN100534573C (en) | 2009-09-02 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101844007B (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2011-10-26 | 周奇迪 | Filter medium and preparation method thereof, filter element and water purification device |
| CN101898119B (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2011-11-02 | 周奇迪 | Filter medium and preparation method thereof as well as filter element using filter medium |
| CN101628222B (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2011-12-07 | 蒋永锋 | Filtering medium for removing micro radioactive substances in water and preparation method thereof |
| CN101844011B (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2012-07-04 | 奇迪电器集团有限公司 | Filter medium for removing nitrobenzene from drinking water and preparation method thereof |
| CN102847377A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2013-01-02 | 无锡百奥科环境科技有限公司 | Purifying filter core material with sterilization function |
| CN103011439A (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-04-03 | 无锡尚德太阳能电力有限公司 | Cadmium-containing wastewater treatment method |
| CN104014198A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-09-03 | 潘峰 | Filtering medium for removing cadmium from drinking water, filtering element and preparation method |
-
2008
- 2008-03-04 CN CNB2008100073308A patent/CN100534573C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101844007B (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2011-10-26 | 周奇迪 | Filter medium and preparation method thereof, filter element and water purification device |
| CN101844011B (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2012-07-04 | 奇迪电器集团有限公司 | Filter medium for removing nitrobenzene from drinking water and preparation method thereof |
| CN101898119B (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2011-11-02 | 周奇迪 | Filter medium and preparation method thereof as well as filter element using filter medium |
| CN101628222B (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2011-12-07 | 蒋永锋 | Filtering medium for removing micro radioactive substances in water and preparation method thereof |
| CN103011439A (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-04-03 | 无锡尚德太阳能电力有限公司 | Cadmium-containing wastewater treatment method |
| CN102847377A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2013-01-02 | 无锡百奥科环境科技有限公司 | Purifying filter core material with sterilization function |
| CN104014198A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-09-03 | 潘峰 | Filtering medium for removing cadmium from drinking water, filtering element and preparation method |
| CN104014198B (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2016-06-01 | 潘峰 | For removing the filtration medium of cadmium in tap water, filter core and preparation method |
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|---|---|
| CN100534573C (en) | 2009-09-02 |
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Assignee: Qidi Electric Appliance Group Co., Ltd. Assignor: Zhou Qidi Contract fulfillment period: 2009.9.15 to 2014.9.14 Contract record no.: 2009330002387 Denomination of invention: Filtration medium and preparation, filter element, purifier and drinking machine using the same Granted publication date: 20090902 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 2009.9.27 |
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