CN101233372A - Slow cooking heating formula - Google Patents
Slow cooking heating formula Download PDFInfo
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- CN101233372A CN101233372A CNA2006800273623A CN200680027362A CN101233372A CN 101233372 A CN101233372 A CN 101233372A CN A2006800273623 A CNA2006800273623 A CN A2006800273623A CN 200680027362 A CN200680027362 A CN 200680027362A CN 101233372 A CN101233372 A CN 101233372A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/16—Materials undergoing chemical reactions when used
- C09K5/18—Non-reversible chemical reactions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/24—Warming devices
- A47J36/28—Warming devices generating the heat by exothermic reactions, e.g. heat released by the contact of unslaked lime with water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24V—COLLECTION, PRODUCTION OR USE OF HEAT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F24V30/00—Apparatus or devices using heat produced by exothermal chemical reactions other than combustion
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Abstract
Chemical heating using a first reactant, a second reactant and a complexing agent adapted to complex reversibly with the first reactant and, thereby moderate the reaction between the first and second reactants. The heating formula is particularly well suited for heaters that are used to heat materials having relatively high viscosities.
Description
The cross reference of related application
The application requires the rights and interests of the U.S. Provisional Application No.60/685134 of submission on May 27th, 2005.
Technical field
The disclosure relates to heating formula, relates more specifically to slow cooking heating formula.
Background
The single-use chemical heater that is used for heating object such as Food ﹠ Drink article and body part is well-known.It generally is the exothermic reaction generation heat of calcium oxide and water that a kind of heater utilizes metal oxide.The United States Patent (USP) 5035230 that is incorporated herein by reference in full in this article (" ' 230 patent ") discloses the heater that utilizes suitable oxidant oxidation primary alconol or secondary alcohol that heat-producing chemical reaction is provided.The compound of manganese and chromium is the most frequently used oxidant.For primary alcohol fuels, as glycerine or ethylene glycol, alkali metal permanganate is as oxidant, usually in reactant aqueous solution.Water dilution fuel element also passes through to reduce fuel-oxidant contact and reduces chemical reaction velocity.' 230 patent disclosures in soluble adhesive such as sodium metasilicate, embed the solid oxidizer particle especially potassium permanganate particles further reduce fuel-oxidant and contact to control reaction speed.
The PCT that announces the 17 days November in 2005 that is incorporated herein by reference announces that WO2005/108878 (" ' 878 announce ") discloses a kind of method, releasable reaction suppressor composition promptly is provided, selected temperature with the place's existence of response product chambers, automatically the release inhibitor composition suppresses exothermic reaction whereby in reative cell.
The United States Patent (USP) 6640801 that is incorporated herein by reference equally (" ' 801 patent ") discloses the flexible disposable that can conform to the shape that surrounding environment limits and has added heat packs and put.Add heat packs and put folding the 3rd zone that comprises the first area that comprises fuel, the second area that comprises oxidant and can be used as expanding chamber.First frangible separator is arranged between first area and the second area, and first frangible separator can be provided connection by manually-operated between them, thereby limits the reative cell comprise in described first and second Room at least one.Providing can be to second frangible separator of heat-producing chemical reaction response in the reative cell.Second frangible separator is used for providing vapor communication between reative cell and the 3rd zone.Connection between first area and the second area allows fuel combination and oxidant to start the vaporific heat-producing chemical reaction of energy, the ambient parameter relevant with heat-producing chemical reaction operated second frangible separator, allow described steam to flow in described the 3rd zone, thereby reduce the pressure in the reative cell.
Summary of the invention
The present invention includes heating formula, comprise the portable single purposes chemical heater of this heating formula and utilize heating formula to change the heating means of reaction speed.
Heating formula provides long-term the continuing that can be used for for example portable heating of food, beverage and other article to heat.Heating formula comprises fuel, oxidant and complexing agent.Complexing agent reversibly with the fuel complexing.When complexed fuel was not by reaction consumes, the part of complexed fuel responded the decline of complexed fuel concentration not as time goes by and is released.Realize the slow release of control by the kind of complexing agent and the quantity of complexing agent (with respect to fuel).Can be by adding the duration of the reaction of multiple complexing agent increase specific reactor.This layout can help to provide the more slow reaction of longer sustained response with heating low thermal conductivity material such as paste, stew or cement.The heat energy that the long duration allows effective and safe ground use heater more to provide.
Method disclosed herein comprises that adding fuel-complexometric reagent is in the reactant mixture of the oxidation between fuel and the oxidant/reduction exothermic reaction.In some embodiments, fuel is pure fuel, preferred polyol such as glycerine or ethylene glycol.In some embodiments, oxidant is the compound of manganese or chromium, the preferred as alkali permanganate, and more preferably solid oxidizer most preferably scribbles the potassium permanganate particles of the preferred sodium metasilicate of soluble binding agent.
Preferred heater comprises oxidant chamber and fuel chambers, oxidant chamber preferably comprises the potassium permanganate of solid-state band coating, fuel chambers preferably comprises liquid polyol such as glycerin solution, wherein the user by destroying (compromise) thus the separation of chamber allows the reactant contact to start heat-producing chemical reaction starts reaction.In certain embodiments, heater is included in a fuel-complexing agent in the chamber.For polyalcohol fuel, complexing agent is polyoxygenated ion such as borate, carbonate, nitrate, silicate or sulfate, preferred boric acid or borate, most preferably borax (Na
2B
2O
710H
2O).Preferably in fuel chambers, comprise fuel-complexing agent.In certain embodiments, heater comprises and being used for and the oxidant complexing agent of complexing reversibly.The example of oxidant-complexing agent is a chelating agent, and as ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA), it is fit to the complexing of metallizing thing usually.
In one aspect, the heating formula that is used for chemical heater is disclosed.Prescription comprises first reactant, second reactant and complexing agent.Complexing agent be suitable for reversibly with at least a portion first reactant complexing with box lunch not complexing first concentration of reactants with the exothermal reaction process of second reactant in pass in time when reducing and discharge first reactant of complexing gradually.
In some embodiments, first reactant is an oxidant, and second reactant is pure fuel.In these embodiments, complexing agent reversibly with the complexing of at least a portion fuel, with box lunch not complexed fuel concentration with the exothermal reaction process of oxidant in pass in time when reducing and discharge the fuel of complexing gradually.
In other embodiments, first reactant is pure fuel, and second reactant is an oxidant.In these embodiments, complexing agent reversibly with the complexing of at least a portion oxidant, with box lunch not the complexing oxidant concentration with the exothermal reaction process of fuel in pass in time when reducing and discharge the oxidant of complexing gradually.
According to some embodiment, fuel is polyalcohol, for example glycerin solution.Complexing agent can be boric acid, borate or more preferably borax.Perhaps, complexing agent can be carbonate, nitrate, silicate or sulfate.
Some embodiments comprise the complexing agent that is used for oxidant, and it is a chelating agent, for example ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA).
In some embodiments, complexing agent to the ratio of fuel between 1: 20 and 1: 5.In some embodiments, complexing agent to the ratio of fuel between 1: 00 and 1: 1.
Some embodiments comprise oxidant alkali metal permanganate such as potassium permanganate.Fuel and complexing agent can form the aqueous solution.Fuel concentration can be between 24wt% and 84wt%.Fuel concentration can be between 34wt% and 44wt%.
In one aspect of the method, single-use chemical heater comprises the disposable container with first Room and second Room.First reactant is disposed in first Room, and second reactant is disposed in second Room.Between first Room and second Room, arrange dividing plate.Dividing plate can be destroyed to provide fluid to be communicated with between first Room and second Room.Fluid is communicated with the heat-producing chemical reaction that starts between interior first reactant of container and second reactant.Reversibly the complexing agent with the first reactant complexing is disposed at least one of first Room and second Room.
In some embodiments, first reactant is an oxidant, and second reactant is pure fuel.In these embodiments, complexing agent reversibly with the complexing of at least a portion fuel, with box lunch not complexed fuel concentration with the exothermal reaction process of oxidant in pass in time when reducing and discharge the fuel of complexing gradually.
In some of the other embodiments, first reactant is pure fuel, and second reactant is an oxidant.In these embodiments, complexing agent reversibly with the complexing of at least a portion oxidant, with box lunch not the complexing oxidant concentration with the exothermal reaction process of fuel in pass in time when reducing and discharge the oxidant of complexing gradually.
Another aspect comprises that mitigation can utilize the heat of single-use chemical heater of the heat-producing chemical reaction operation of first reactant and second reactant to produce the method for speed.This method is included in the complexing agent that comprises in the heat-producing chemical reaction reversibly with at least a portion first reactant complexing, when complexing first concentration of reactants does not reduce in course of reaction with box lunch along with time lapse release portion first reactant with second reactant reaction.
In some embodiments, first reactant is a fuel, and second reactant is an oxidant.In these embodiments, complexing agent reversibly with the complexing of at least a portion fuel, when the concentration of complexed fuel does not reduce in course of reaction with box lunch along with time lapse release portion fuel with oxidant reaction.
According to other embodiment, first reactant is an oxidant, and second reactant is a fuel.In these embodiments, complexing agent reversibly with the complexing of at least a portion oxidant, when the concentration of complexing oxidant does not reduce in course of reaction with box lunch along with time lapse the release portion oxidant with fuel reaction.
In some embodiments, can there be one or more following advantages.Can provide and to be fit to the portable heater that heating has the product of various viscosity well.Heater can be fit to heating higher viscosity fluid such as some sauce and cement etc. especially well.Heater can provide heating in long period.In addition, can reduce the possibility that dangerous hot spots may occur in this heater.
From specification, accompanying drawing and claims, will obviously see further feature and advantage.
The accompanying drawing summary
Fig. 1 is the plane of heater.
Fig. 2 is used to test 1,2 and 3 bowl.
Fig. 3 is for showing the figure of the Temperature Distribution relevant with embodiment 1,2 and 3.
Fig. 4 is used to test 4 and 5 bowl.
Describe in detail
The present invention relates to slow cooking heating formula, more particularly be suitable for use in the chemical heater that Kind. Term " simmers " exothermic reaction that refers to that hot generation speed is slowed down, and in this case, is Utilize releasing mechanism (release mechanism), wherein be discharged into reaction mechanism (reaction Mechanism) a kind of reactant (for example fuel) in suppresses more fuel and is discharged in the reaction.
In one embodiment, slow cooking heating formula comprises that fuel carries out heat release with being fit to fuel The oxidant of reaction. Slow cooking heating formula also comprises fuel-complexing agent. In some embodiments, Complexing agent is suitable for affecting the duration of exothermic reaction. More particularly, complexing agent can be used for prolonging anti-Should duration and its intensity of adjusting.
Be not subjected to concrete theory constraint, the description below to this phenomenon is provided. Believe by to fuel Add reversibly the complexing agent with the fuel complexing in the-oxidizer formula, effectively reduce when any given Between the time quantity of fuel that can be used for reacting. This be because complexing agent reversibly with the fuel complexing so that Part of fuel also prevents its reaction whereby " to freeze (tiedup) ". Complexing agent self is not anti-with oxidant Should. Any particular moment in course of reaction, think fuel meat and the oxidation of only having not complexing The agent reaction. Because it is reversible that complex compound forms, therefore along with not complexed fuel and oxidant reaction, Complexing agent discharges " freezing " fuel meat, supplies thereby replenish the not complexed fuel that can be used for reacting Should. To recognize, reversible complex form provide make single-use chemical heater for just by Heating object absorbs the means that hot ability customizes or adapts, in order to avoid excessive temperature, Thereby slow down as required heat and produce and provide slower and longer continuous heating. Think whole anti-Answer in the process and between fuel complexing and not complexing, keep approximate equilibrium. Therefore, by adding Comprise complexing agent in the heat prescription, can relax the calorific intensity that reaction produces and can prolong that reaction continues the time Between length.
Preferred complexing agent, namely borax and polyalcohol fuel were with mol ratio complexing in 1: 1. But, Complexing agent is enough to relax and prolong reaction to the much smaller ratio of fuel in finding prescription. Excellent Select in the embodiment, complexing agent to fuel ratio between 1: 100 and 1: 1. Preferably implement at another In the scheme, complexing agent to fuel ratio between 1: 20 and 1: 5. Complexing agent is generally boric acid or boric acid Salt, and preferred borax (Na2B
4O
7·10H
2O)。
In some embodiments, oxidant is the compound of manganese or chromium. More preferably, oxidant Be alkali metal permanganate. Most preferably, oxidant is potassium permanganate. In typical embodiments, Oxidant comprises the solid potassium permanganate that is dispersed in the preferred sodium metasilicate of whole soluble binding agent Grain.
Fuel is generally pure fuel. More preferably, fuel is polyalcohol such as liquid state, the preferred aqueous solution Glycerine or ethylene glycol. Most preferred fuel is glycerin solution. Fuel in the aqueous solution is dense Degree can be between 24wt% and 84wt%, but preferably between 34wt% and 44wt%. Real at some Execute in the scheme, fuel and complexing agent are suitable for merging and forming the aqueous solution. Note, other oxidant and Fuel is applicable to technology disclosed herein.
In some embodiments, the exothermic heat of reaction principle is come the worker between according to the chemical individual complementary pair Use in this kind disposable single-use chemical heater of doing and relax (" simmering ") heating formula. Exemplary chemical heater comprises first Room and second Room, and first Room comprises oxidant, preferred solid The potassium permanganate of band coating, second Room comprises fuel, preferred liquid polyol such as glycerine are water-soluble Liquid. Usually chemical heater through structure so that the user can be by destroying the chamber separation for example, open Valve or destruction frangible separator start reaction, thereby allow fuel and oxidant to contact with each other, Start heat-producing chemical reaction. When beginning, complexing agent is provided at least one chamber. Fire for polyalcohol Material, preferred complexing agent is boric acid or borate, most preferably borax (Na2B
4O
7·10H
2O). Preferred complexing agent is provided in the fuel chambers when beginning. Complexing agent is liquid or is dissolved in fuel or fuel In the water solution mixture.
The example that has shown this class heater among Fig. 1. This example is commonly called " heat packs (heat Pack) ". Heat packs generally comprises two plastic sheets. Illustrated heater has by upper sheet 2 Hes The container 1 that the lower plate (not shown) forms. Sheet is at edge's edge seal 3,4,5 and 6 Be sealed together. Heat or adhesive form edge seal, described edge seal preferably makes so that it Be not easy to be opened by the user. From an edge seal 3 of heater to another edge seal 5 arrange dividing plate 7, like this heater 1 are divided into first Room 8 and second Room 9. Dividing plate 7 is at this Be frangible seal in the individual embodiment, be fit to be destroyed the separation of parts by the user and the Setting up fluid between one Room 8 and second Room 9 is communicated with. The container of design heater is to comprise when using Vapor space during heat packs above reactant.
In some embodiments, first Room 8 comprises the aqueous solution of fuel and complexing agent, second Room 9 comprise oxidant. Fuel in first Room 8 and complexing agent complexing are so that only have part in first Room Fuel is complexing not. When the user destroyed dividing plate 7, the aqueous solution that comprises fuel and complexing agent was permitted Permitted to flow in second Room 9 and with oxidant and mixed. Not complexing part and the oxidant reaction of fuel. Along with the not complexing of fuel partly reacts, complexed fuel is released in fact to replenish and oxidation The fuel supply of agent reaction.
Can be represented by the formula the reversible complexing of fuel:
Complex compound=fuel+complexing agent.
It should be understood that when the free fuel on the formula right side reduces owing to reaction, discharge from complex compound Fuel so that the reaction move to balance.
Herein disclosed is a large amount of embodiments. Can adjust so that concrete by simple repetition test Container/system be fit to want heated product. A large amount of changes is possible. For example, heater Can be provided with a plurality of first and second Room, with valve or frangible separator with each chamber and adjacent chamber every Open. Again for example, provide complexing agent among any one that can be in first and second Room or two. In addition It is feasible using other fuel, oxidant, adhesive and/or complexing agent outward.
In addition, complexing agent can be suitable for reversibly and the oxidant complexing. The example of this complexing agent is Chelating agent is such as ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA).
In addition, technology disclosed herein can with the technology that is used for the controlled single-use chemical heater and The combined in any combination of equipment is implemented. For example, in preferred embodiments, heater formulation can be wrapped Draw together the solid oxidizer that is embedded in the soluble binding agent or scribbles soluble binding agent, special such as the U.S. Disclosed in sharp 5035230. Disclosed heat packs has two class isolated areas in ' 230 patents. An area type comprises dry reactants, namely is included in the potassium permanganate crystals in the sodium silicate binder Short cylinder. Another area type comprises glycerine/aqueous solution, and it is as fuel mixture. At certain In a little embodiments, fuel has been eliminated the needs to separate solvent as solvent. Two classes zone quilt Separate, for example, by being intended for use the frangible seal of single-use. Between two zones easily When broken sealing was split, fuel solution flow on the oxidant particle and reacts. By adhesive Dissolution velocity relaxes reaction speed and corresponding hot generation speed, because need dissolving to expose oxidation Fuel is given in agent. Prescription disclosed herein and method can be readily incorporated into the heat packs of ' 230 patents In.
In some embodiments, heater can comprise as disclosed in the United States Patent (USP) 5984953 The preformed gel that can harden. Disclosed heat packs is also utilized exothermic oxidation/reducing in ' 953 patents Learn reaction. In these heat packs, use soluble binding agent. In addition, provide the preformed can be hard Change gel to affect reaction speed. By adjusting this two speed controlling features, art technology people The member can be able to select and realize programming rate and the operating temperature in the heat packs. By implementing and hardening Gel, by some reversible physical change of reaction medium carry out heat-producing chemical reaction adjusting so that Produce needed self-regulation effect in the heat packs of the present invention. Adjusting helps to prevent exothermic chemical The operating temperature of reaction rising heat packs surpasses predetermined maximum temp. Regulate also and be used at vessel temp Increase the speed of the exothermic reaction of just carrying out when dropping to the physical change that is enough to the reversal reaction medium. Prescription disclosed herein and method can be readily incorporated in the heat packs of ' 953 patents.
In some embodiments, but heater can comprise the release property reaction of prevention high temperature heat release presses down Preparation is as disclosed in ' 878 announcements. Disclosed method comprises providing to have in ' 878 announcements But the container of release property reaction suppressor composition, and the selected temperature of response product chamber place's appearance, Automatic release inhibitor composition is in reative cell, thus the inhibition exothermic reaction. In some enforcement sides In the case, inhibitor combination comprises water. Prescription disclosed herein and method can easily be used for ' 878 The disclosure of announcing.
In some embodiments, heater can comprise expanding chamber, as disclosed in ' 801 patents. ' 801 patent disclosures the flexible disposable heating that is consistent with the shape that is limited by its surrounding environment Deposited cover is put. Adding heat packs puts and comprises the first area that comprises fuel, the second area that comprises oxidant With folding the 3rd zone that can be used as expanding chamber. First frangible separator is arranged in first area and second Between the zone, but the first frangible separator manually-operated comprises institute connection to be provided betwixt, to limit State in first and second Room reative cell of at least one. Providing can be to heat-producing chemical reaction in the reative cell Second frangible separator that responds. Second frangible separator can be through operation to provide reative cell and the 3rd Steam between the zone is communicated with. Connection between first area and the second area allows fuel and oxidation Agent mixes to start the vaporific heat-producing chemical reaction of energy, the ring relevant with this heat-producing chemical reaction The border parameter operates second frangible separator, thereby allows described steam to flow in described the 3rd zone, Thereby the pressure in the reduction reative cell. Prescription disclosed herein and method can be readily incorporated into ' 801 Adding in heat packs puts of patent.
Embodiment
Fig. 2 illustrates the prototype heater assembling that is used for carrying out the experiment work that this embodiment reports.
The diagram assembling comprises a pair of nested circular bowl, and interior (or top) plastic bowl 21 that 14cm diameter * 5cm is dark is nested in dark outer (or end) plastic bowl 22 of 14cm diameter * 7cm, reserves about 2cm annular gap 24 between pagoda of bowls 21 and end bowl 22.Provide several ventilating openings 11 to overflow from gap area to allow vapor/steam.
The potassium permanganate crystals 23 of 45 gram band coatings is placed on outer bowl 22 bottom, rests in the gap.Potassium permanganate crystals scribbles water-soluble barrier coat, thereby potassium permanganate crystals just can be reacted up to the coating dissolving.The solubility barrier coat is a sodium metasilicate.
The potassium permanganate 23 of band coating is the mixture with crystal of all thickness coating.Especially, 25% potassium permanganate powder has the coating of 14wt%, and 30% potassium permanganate powder has the coating of 17wt%, and 45% potassium permanganate powder has the coating of 20wt%.In interior bowl 21, put into 300 ml waters 24 as wanting heated product.Be placed on thermocouple in the water in the pagoda of bowls 21 and in the potassium permanganate powder 23 in the end bowl 22.
If in order on function, to obtain from the chamber that separates, to discharge the result that liquid fuel will take place by breaking sealing or opening valve, in end bowl 22, add the aqueous solution of the 38.2wt% glycerine of about 70ml via ventilating opening 11, be added to particularly in the gap that comprises oxidant 23.Exothermic reaction takes place in glycerine and potassium permanganate powder 23, and produces steam, the water 24 of its heating in pagoda of bowls 21.
Fig. 3 has shown and is adding the glycerine Temperature Distribution of several minutes the water in bowl 23 backs (with curve " D " indication) and reactant (indicating with curve " A ") on earth.The temperature of curve " D " indication water was increased to about 64 ℃ from about 21 ℃ in about 6 minutes.The temperature of curve " A " Indicator Reaction thing began to reduce after about 6 minutes.
Use repeats the test of embodiment 1 according to complexed fuel of the present invention.Use the heater assembling of Fig. 2 in the present embodiment.
With 45 the gram with embodiment 1 in used identical band coating potassium permanganate powder 23 be placed in the end bowl 22.In pagoda of bowls 21, put 300 ml waters 24.Place thermocouple in the band coating potassium permanganate 23 in water 24 and in end bowl 22.In end bowl 22, add 70 milliliters of 37.9wt% glycerine and 0.9wt% borax (Na
2B
4O
710H
2O) the aqueous solution.Glycerine and potassium permanganate reaction also produce steam.
Fig. 3 has shown and is adding the glycerine Temperature Distribution of several minutes the water 24 in bowl 22 backs (with curve " E " indication) and reactant (indicating with curve " B ") on earth.The temperature of curve " E " indication water was increased to about 64 ℃ from about 21 ℃ in about 6 minutes.The temperature of curve " B " Indicator Reaction thing 2 began to reduce after about 7 minutes, showed to prolong heating about 1 minute or about 17% under maximum temperature.
Repeat the test of embodiment 1 once more, the current fuel that uses according to more remarkable complexing of the present invention.Use the assembling of Fig. 2 in this embodiment.
With 45 the gram with embodiment 1 and 2 in used identical band coating potassium permanganate powder be placed in the end bowl 22.In pagoda of bowls 21, put 300 ml waters.In water and in band coating potassium permanganate powder 23, place thermocouple.The aqueous solution that in end bowl 22, adds 70 milliliters of 37.4wt% glycerine and 2.2wt% borax.Glycerine and the reaction of this permanganate also produce steam.
Fig. 3 has shown the Temperature Distribution of water (with curve " F " indication) and reactant (with curve " C " indication).The temperature of curve " F " indication water was increased to about 64 ℃ from about 21 ℃ in about 8 minutes, than embodiment 1 slow about 2 minutes or 1/3rd.The temperature of curve " C " Indicator Reaction thing began to reduce after about 8 minutes.
Considering the foregoing description, can recognize, by adding the complexing agent of greater number gradually, is by increasing the concentration of borax in the heating formula gradually, can slowing down the speed of exothermic reaction and can prolong reaction duration gradually in this embodiment.In embodiment 1 (not having borax), the temperature of reactant began to reduce after about 6 minutes.In embodiment 2 (0.9% borax), the temperature of reactant began to reduce after about 7 minutes.At last, in embodiment 3 (2.2% borax), the temperature of reactant only began to reduce after about 8 minutes.
Be also noted that embodiment 1,2 and 3 explanations, the firing rate of water among the embodiment 1,2 and 3 (being respectively curve 4,5 and 6) is according to the number change that joins the borax complexing agent in the heating formula.For example, in embodiment 1 and 2 (do not have respectively borax and have 0.9% borax), with water from the about 21 ℃ times that are heated to about 64 ℃ of needs be about 6 minutes.But, in embodiment 3 (2.2% borax), with water from the about 21 ℃ times that are heated to about 64 ℃ of needs be about 8 minutes.
The foregoing description has illustrated can be by adding some mode of borax change and heat-producing chemical reaction in the reactant Temperature Distribution relevant with the product that heated by these reactions.
In some embodiments, may need to add more or less borax in heating formula, specifically depend on and want heated product characteristics.For example, for higher viscosity products (for example fricassee or oatmeal), may need to add more borax in heating formula.This is because higher viscosity products can not be as enjoying than low viscosity product and the relevant same benefits of Convective Heating stream.Because less convection current is flowed, therefore may need to prolong duration of the reaction in high-viscosity products.By prolonging duration of the reaction, can heat the high viscosity product more fully.
On the other hand, for than low viscosity product (for example coffee or tea), may need to add less borax in heating formula.This be because convection current help whole than low viscosity product in distributed heat.Therefore, short duration of the reaction can be suitable for heating this series products.
Fig. 4 illustrates the heater assembling that is used for carrying out embodiment 4 and 5 tests of putting down in writing.
The diagram assembling comprises that a pair of rectangular disk or dish, 29cm * 23cm * 5cm plastic top or interior dish 41 are nested in 29cm * 23cm plastic bottom or the outer dish 42, reserve about 3cm gap 45 between top dish 41 and end dish 42.Gap 45 is across the vertical side that extends and be up to them at the bottom of the dish.Ventilating opening 43 also is set outside with to space 45 exhausts between top dish and the end dish in the dish 42.
In end dish 42, put the potassium permanganate powder of 500 gram band coatings.In top dish 41, put 2700 ml waters as wanting heated product.Heat release galvanic couple in the water of top dish 41 and in the potassium permanganate powder in the end dish 42.
In end dish 42, add the 700 ml water solution that comprise 29.2% glycerine and the anti-foam emulsion of 0.2%Dow Corning H-10 silicone.The aqueous solution does not comprise complexing agent.Glycerine and potassium permanganate reaction also produce steam.Discharge by ventilating opening 43 at entire reaction duration chien shih steam.Reactant reaches 119 ℃ maximum temperature.Steam was heated to about 66 ℃ final temperature with the water in the top dish 41 from about 21 ℃ initial temperature in about 21 minutes.Therefore, average firing rate is:
(66℃-21℃)/21min＝2.1℃/min。
In end dish 42, put the potassium permanganate powder (being similar to the potassium permanganate powder 44 of 1 band coating of describing in conjunction with the embodiments) of 500 gram band coatings.In top dish 41, put 2700 ml waters as wanting heated product.Heat release galvanic couple in the water of top dish 41 and in the potassium permanganate powder in the end dish 42.
In end dish 42, add the 600 ml water solution that comprise the anti-foam emulsion of 33.5% glycerine, 3.2% borax and 0.2%Dow CorningH-10 silicone.Glycerine and potassium permanganate reaction also produce steam.Overflow by ventilating opening 43 at entire reaction duration chien shih steam.Reactant reaches about 107 ℃ maximum temperature.Steam was heated to about 69 ℃ final temperature with the water in the top dish 41 from about 21 ℃ initial temperature in about 23 minutes.Therefore, the average firing rate of water is:
(69℃-21℃)/23min＝2.1℃/min。
Although the firing rate of embodiment 4 and final coolant-temperature gage are similar to embodiment 5, temperature of reactor is warmmer, shows in embodiment 4 than lose more substantial steam by ventilating opening 43 in embodiment 5.Certainly, the heat of the steam of discharge representative waste, it reduces in embodiment 5.
Other embodiment is below in the scope of claim.
Claims (43)
1. be used for the heating formula of chemical heater, prescription comprises:
First reactant;
Second reactant; With
Complexing agent, this complexing agent reversibly with at least a portion first reactant complexing, with box lunch not complexing first concentration of reactants with the exothermal reaction process of second reactant in pass in time when reducing and discharge first reactant of complexing gradually.
2. the heating formula of claim 1, wherein:
First reactant is an oxidant;
Second reactant is pure fuel; With
Described complexing agent reversibly with the complexing of at least a portion fuel, with box lunch not complexed fuel concentration with the exothermal reaction process of oxidant in pass in time when reducing and discharge the fuel of complexing gradually.
3. the heating formula of claim 1, wherein:
First reactant is pure fuel;
Second reactant is an oxidant; With
Described complexing agent reversibly with the complexing of at least a portion oxidant, with box lunch not the complexing oxidant concentration with the exothermal reaction process of fuel in pass in time when reducing and discharge the oxidant of complexing gradually.
4. the heating formula of any one in the claim 2 or 3, wherein said fuel comprises polyalcohol.
5. the heating formula of claim 4, wherein said fuel comprises glycerin solution.
6. the heating formula of claim 2, wherein said complexing agent comprises boric acid or borate.
7. the heating formula of claim 6, wherein said complexing agent comprises borax.
8. the heating formula of claim 2, wherein said complexing agent is selected from carbonate, nitrate, silicate and sulfate.
9. the heating formula of claim 3, wherein said complexing agent comprises chelating agent.
10. the heating formula of claim 12, wherein said complexing agent comprises ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA).
11. the heating formula of claim 2, wherein complexing agent to the ratio of fuel between 1: 20 and 1: 5.
12. the heating formula of claim 2, wherein complexing agent to the ratio of fuel between 1: 100 and 1: 1.
13. the heating formula of any one in claim 2 or 3, wherein said oxidant comprises alkali metal permanganate.
14. the heating formula of claim 13, wherein said oxidant comprises potassium permanganate.
15. the heating formula of any one in claim 2 or 3, wherein said fuel and described complexing agent constitute the aqueous solution.
16. the heating formula of claim 2, wherein fuel concentration is between 24wt% and 84wt%.
17. the heating formula of claim 2, wherein fuel concentration is between 34wt% and 44wt%.
18. single-use chemical heater comprises:
The disposable container that comprises first Room and second Room;
Be arranged in first reactant in first Room;
Be arranged in second reactant in second Room;
Be arranged in the dividing plate between first Room and second Room, wherein said dividing plate can be destroyed to provide fluid to be communicated with between first Room and second Room, and wherein said fluid is communicated with the heat-producing chemical reaction that starts between interior first reactant of container and second reactant; With
Be arranged at least one of first Room and second Room reversibly with the complexing agent of the first reactant complexing.
19. the heater of claim 18, wherein:
First reactant is an oxidant;
Second reactant is pure fuel; With
Complexing agent reversibly with the complexing of at least a portion fuel, with box lunch not complexed fuel concentration with the exothermal reaction process of oxidant in pass in time when reducing and discharge the fuel of complexing gradually.
20. the heater of claim 18, wherein:
First reactant is pure fuel;
Second reactant is an oxidant; With
Complexing agent reversibly with the complexing of at least a portion oxidant, with box lunch not the complexing oxidant concentration with the exothermal reaction process of fuel in pass in time when reducing and discharge the oxidant of complexing gradually.
21. the heater of claim 19, wherein first Room comprises the polyalcohol fuel aqueous solution, the part of fuel and borax fuel-complexing agent complexing.
22. the heater of claim 21, wherein the polyalcohol fuel aqueous solution comprises glycerine.
23. the heater of claim 19, wherein complexing agent to the ratio of fuel between 1: 20 and 1: 5.
24. the heater of claim 19, wherein complexing agent to the ratio of fuel between 1: 100 and 1: 1.
25. the heater of claim 19, wherein fuel concentration is between 34wt% and 44wt%.
26. the heater of claim 19, wherein fuel concentration is between 24wt% and 84wt%.
27. the heater of claim 19, wherein said fuel-complexing agent comprises boric acid or borate.
28. the heater of claim 27, wherein said fuel-complexing agent comprises borax.
29. the heater of claim 22, wherein said fuel-complexing agent is selected from carbonate, nitrate, silicate and sulfate.
30. the heater of claim 20, wherein said complexing agent comprises chelating agent.
31. the heater of claim 20, wherein said complexing agent comprise ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA).
32. the heater of claim 19, wherein said oxidant comprises the potassium permanganate that scribbles sodium metasilicate.
33. the heat that relaxes the single-use chemical heater that can carry out work by the heat-producing chemical reaction of first reactant and second reactant produces the method for speed, this method comprises:
In described heat-producing chemical reaction, comprise reversibly the complexing agent with at least a portion first reactant complexing, when first concentration of reactants of complexing does not reduce in described course of reaction with box lunch along with time lapse release portion first reactant with second reactant reaction.
34. the method for claim 33, wherein first reactant is a fuel, second reactant is an oxidant, wherein said complexing agent reversibly with the complexing of at least a portion fuel, when the concentration of complexed fuel does not reduce in course of reaction with box lunch along with the described fuel of release portion time lapse with described oxidant reaction.
35. the method for claim 33, wherein first reactant is an oxidant, second reactant is a fuel, wherein said complexing agent reversibly with the complexing of at least a portion oxidant, when the concentration of complexing oxidant does not reduce in course of reaction with box lunch along with the described oxidant of release portion time lapse with described fuel reaction.
36. the method for claim 34, wherein complexing agent comprises boric acid or borate.
37. the method for claim 34, wherein fuel is polyol compound, and complexing agent is a borax.
38. the method for claim 34, wherein complexing agent is selected from carbonate, nitrate, silicate and sulfate.
39. the method for claim 34, wherein fuel is glycerin solution.
40. the method for claim 34, wherein fuel concentration is between 34wt% and 44wt%.
41. the method for claim 34, wherein fuel concentration is between 24wt% and 84wt%.
42. the method for claim 34, wherein complexing agent to the ratio of fuel between 1: 20 and 1: 5.
43. the method for claim 34, wherein oxidant is a potassium permanganate.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US68513405P | 2005-05-27 | 2005-05-27 | |
| US60/685,134 | 2005-05-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101233372A true CN101233372A (en) | 2008-07-30 |
Family
ID=37452967
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006800273623A Pending CN101233372A (en) | 2005-05-27 | 2006-05-26 | Slow cooking heating formula |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080245358A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1896782A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5107907B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101233372A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2006249320A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2608878A1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL187437A0 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2007149331A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006128118A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2633250A1 (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-08-02 | University Of South Florida | Self-heating chemical system for sustained modulation of temperature |
| US20100089381A1 (en) * | 2006-10-25 | 2010-04-15 | Tempra Technology, Inc. | Portable flameless heat pack |
| US20090090349A1 (en) * | 2007-10-05 | 2009-04-09 | Donovan James A | Pan in pan heater |
| CN103228311B (en) | 2010-10-27 | 2015-04-15 | Fbe公司 | Portable fluid warmer |
| US20160287012A1 (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2016-10-06 | Dokdo Co., Ltd | Portable heating container |
| US10046325B2 (en) | 2015-03-27 | 2018-08-14 | Rechargeable Battery Corporation | Self-heating device for warming of biological samples |
| US20170042374A1 (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2017-02-16 | James Young | Thermal food container |
| EP3398492A1 (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2018-11-07 | Uwe Arnold | Transportable apparatus for heating food |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4462224A (en) * | 1983-07-11 | 1984-07-31 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Instant hot or cold, reusable cold pack |
| US5035230A (en) * | 1990-02-23 | 1991-07-30 | Steidl Gary V | Disposable food heater |
| US6116231A (en) * | 1998-02-11 | 2000-09-12 | Tempra Technology, Inc. | Liquid heat pack |
| US5984953A (en) * | 1998-05-21 | 1999-11-16 | Tempra Technology, Inc. | Self-regulating heat pack |
| US6849581B1 (en) * | 1999-03-30 | 2005-02-01 | Bj Services Company | Gelled hydrocarbon compositions and methods for use thereof |
| US6537309B2 (en) * | 2001-03-26 | 2003-03-25 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | Reusable heat pack, method of manufacture thereof, mixture for use in a reusable heatpack and process for the preparation thereof |
| US6640801B2 (en) * | 2001-08-29 | 2003-11-04 | Tempra Technology, Inc. | Heat pack with expansion capability |
-
2006
- 2006-05-26 WO PCT/US2006/020777 patent/WO2006128118A2/en active Application Filing
- 2006-05-26 US US11/914,740 patent/US20080245358A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-05-26 CN CNA2006800273623A patent/CN101233372A/en active Pending
- 2006-05-26 RU RU2007149331/04A patent/RU2007149331A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-05-26 AU AU2006249320A patent/AU2006249320A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-05-26 CA CA002608878A patent/CA2608878A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-05-26 JP JP2008513810A patent/JP5107907B2/en active Active
- 2006-05-26 EP EP06771498A patent/EP1896782A2/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-11-18 IL IL187437A patent/IL187437A0/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20080245358A1 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
| EP1896782A2 (en) | 2008-03-12 |
| AU2006249320A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
| WO2006128118A3 (en) | 2007-11-08 |
| IL187437A0 (en) | 2008-02-09 |
| CA2608878A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
| RU2007149331A (en) | 2009-07-10 |
| WO2006128118A2 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
| JP5107907B2 (en) | 2012-12-26 |
| JP2008542678A (en) | 2008-11-27 |
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