CN101233320B - 动力装置 - Google Patents

动力装置 Download PDF

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CN101233320B
CN101233320B CN2006800283042A CN200680028304A CN101233320B CN 101233320 B CN101233320 B CN 101233320B CN 2006800283042 A CN2006800283042 A CN 2006800283042A CN 200680028304 A CN200680028304 A CN 200680028304A CN 101233320 B CN101233320 B CN 101233320B
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power plant
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R·阿德勒
G·西伯特
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Linde GmbH
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    • F04B27/1036—Component parts, details, e.g. sealings, lubrication
    • F04B27/1045—Cylinders
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    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/10—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
    • F04B27/1036—Component parts, details, e.g. sealings, lubrication
    • F04B27/1054—Actuating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/10—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
    • F04B27/1036—Component parts, details, e.g. sealings, lubrication
    • F04B27/1081—Casings, housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0005—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons
    • F04B39/0011—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons liquid pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F04B53/141—Intermediate liquid piston between the driving piston and the pumped liquid
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    • F04B15/00—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
    • F04B15/06—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure
    • F04B15/08—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure the liquids having low boiling points
    • F04B2015/081—Liquefied gases
    • F04B2015/0822—Hydrogen
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    • F05B2210/00—Working fluid
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    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/103—Purpose of the control system to affect the output of the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/103—Purpose of the control system to affect the output of the engine
    • F05B2270/1032—Torque

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  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种动力装置(1)，具有至少一个排挤缸(6)，在所述排挤缸中设置有液体(15)、尤其是离子液体并且所述排挤缸可与用于介质的输入通道(10)及输出通道(11)相连接，其中，该液体(15)与一个排挤装置(17)处于作用连接。为了解决提供一种在结构空间要求小的情况下具有高排挤功率的动力装置的任务，根据本发明提出：所述排挤缸(6)相对于一个缸筒(5)的转动轴线(4)倾斜地设置在可绕该转动轴线(4)转动地被支承的缸筒(5)中。根据本发明的一个优选构型，所述排挤缸(6)相对于该缸筒(5)的转动轴线(4)垂直地设置并且所述排挤缸(6)构造成设置在该缸筒(5)中的径向孔(14)。

Description

动力装置
本发明涉及一种动力装置，该动力装置具有至少一个排挤缸，在所述排挤缸中设置有液体、尤其是离子液体并且所述排挤缸可与用于介质的输入通道及输出通道相连接，其中，该液体与一个排挤装置处于作用连接。
这种动力装置例如作为压缩机用于压缩气态介质。该介质在此借助于液体在排挤缸中被排挤，由此，这种动力装置也被称为无活塞的压缩机。作为液体可使用离子化液体。但也可使用具有低蒸汽压力的液体或者具有低气体可溶性的液体。这种液体的共同点在于，它们不在介质中溶解并且可无残留物地与介质分开，由此使被压缩的介质具有高纯度。
由US 6 652 243 B2公开了一种所述类型的、构造成用于气态介质的压缩机的动力装置。在该无活塞的压缩机中，排挤缸中的液体与一个泵处于连接，其中，为了控制液体的输入和输出而设置有一个控制阀，该控制阀与排挤缸中的、借助于电子的行程测量系统检测的液体液位相关地被控制。排挤缸优选垂直地设置，以便通过重力支持液体从排挤缸输出。在这种压缩机中，液体柱可不通过重力加速度加速，由此，压缩机的循环速度受重力加速度限制。这种压缩机具有大的结构空间要求和受限制的排挤功率。此外，通过电子的行程测量系统产生高的结构费用。
本发明的任务在于，提供一种开头所述类型的动力装置，该动力装置在结构空间要求小的情况下具有高的排挤功率。
根据本发明，该任务这样来解决：排挤缸相对于一个缸筒的转动轴线倾斜地设置在可绕转动轴线转动地被支承的缸筒中。根据本发明，排挤缸由此构造在一个绕转动轴线旋转的缸筒中，其中，排挤缸以及由此排挤缸的纵向轴线相对于缸筒的旋转轴线倾斜。通过缸筒的以及由此排挤缸的旋转实现：在处于排挤缸中的液体上作用与缸筒的转速相关的离心力，该离心力使液体加速。液体的在此可获得的加速度大于重力加速度，由此，液体柱在根据本发明的动力装置中相对于现有技术的动力装置可以以较高速度运动并且由此可获得高的循环速度。由此可在动力装置的结构空间要求小的情况下提供高的排挤功率。此外，在根据本发明的动力装置中仅需要尤其是离子液体的小液体量，由此获得根据本发明的动力装置的低制造成本。
根据本发明的一个优选实施形式，当排挤缸相对于缸筒的转动轴线垂直地设置时，得到特别的优点。由此得到高的离心力，由此可在动力装置的结构空间要求小的情况下提供高的排挤功率。
根据本发明的一个优选实施形式，当排挤缸构造成缸筒中的径向孔时，可实现排挤缸的简单制造。
为了控制排挤缸与输入通道以及输出通道的连接而特别有利地设置有一个配流板。通过配流板可用简单的方式控制设置在旋转的缸筒中的排挤缸与输入通道以及输出通道的连接。
缸筒在此合乎目的地在轴向方向上支撑在配流板上，该配流板设置在一个壳体上。通过这种结构方式可获得排挤缸与输入通道以及输出通道之间的轴向的密封间隙，这些轴向的密封间隙可用简单的方式密封，由此，该动力装置可在泄漏损失低的情况下以高的工作压力来工作。
缸筒特别有利地与一个动力轴处于作用连接，由此可用简单的方式形成该动力装置的驱动部分或从动部分。
根据本发明的一个进一步构型，如果排挤缸设置有冷却装置、尤其是内部冷却装置，则可实现在该动力装置作为压缩机工作时等温压缩或在该动力装置作为驱动机工作时等温膨胀。由此可实现该动力装置的低的热方面的负荷和应力以及该动力装置的高效率。作为冷却装置例如可在排挤缸中设置冷却肋。
根据本发明的一个优选实施形式，排挤装置构造成轴向活塞机，其中，每个排挤缸与轴向活塞机的一个缸室处于连接。一个轴向活塞机具有旋转的缸头，在该缸头中构造有一些缸室，通过该轴向活塞机，与具有排挤缸的缸筒相联系可实现简单的结构以及该动力装置的小的结构空间要求。
在根据本发明的进一步构型中提出，轴向活塞机构造成具有斜盘、尤其是可调节的斜盘的斜盘式机器。借助于在输送容积或排量方面可调节的斜盘式机器可通过斜盘的摆动用简单的方式改变该动力装置的排挤功率以及设置有排挤缸的缸筒的转速。由此可用简单的方式保证通过排挤缸旋转、从而通过离心力引起的液体柱加速度大于通过轴向活塞机产生的液体柱正弦加速度，该动力装置由此处于平衡。
根据本发明，轴向活塞机具有一个设置有缸室的缸头，根据本发明的一个优选构型形式，轴向活塞机的缸头与接收排挤缸的缸筒转动同步地相耦合。由此可用简单的方式实现设置在轴向活塞机的缸头中的缸室与缸筒的排挤缸之间的可靠并且转动同步的连接。
根据本发明的另一个构型形式，如果轴向活塞机的缸头和接收排挤缸的缸筒构造成公共的缸筒，则可实现排挤缸组合在轴向活塞机的缸头中并且由此可提供零件数量小、结构空间要求小并且由此制造成本低的动力装置。
根据本发明的一个进一步构型，在简单的结构和小结构空间要求方面有利的是，缸筒和排挤装置设置在一个公共的壳体中。
根据一个有利的实施形式，根据本发明的动力装置可构造成用于压缩气态介质、尤其是氢的压缩机。在根据本发明的无活塞的压缩机中，介质由作为泵工作的轴向活塞机通过由轴向活塞机输送的液体压缩，通过该压缩机可在结构空间要求小的情况下在低制造成本和被压缩介质高纯度情况下实现高的压缩功率。
根据本发明的动力装置也可构造成用于分流转矩的驱动机。驱动在此通过介质进行，其中，借助于由液体驱动的并且由此作为马达工作的轴向活塞机产生转矩，该转矩可通过缸筒和动力轴分流。通过根据本发明径向地布置排挤缸，在此可在结构空间要求小的情况下产生高的排挤功率。
借助于在示意性的附图中所示的实施例来详细描述本发明的其它优点和细节。
该图示出了根据本发明的动力装置1的纵剖面。一个动力轴3可绕转动轴线4转动地支承在壳体2内部。一个缸筒5与动力轴3转动同步地相耦合，在该缸筒中构造有多个排挤缸6。排挤缸6在此构造成设置在缸筒5中的径向孔14并且绕转动轴线4星形地布置，其中，排挤缸6的纵向轴线7相对于动力轴3的、由此缸筒5的转动轴线4垂直地设置。
排挤缸6在径向内部区域中各与一个连接通道8处于连接，所述连接通道与盘状的配流板9处于作用连接，其中，可借助于配流板9来控制排挤缸6与输入通道10以及输出通道11的连接。在此，缸筒5在轴向方向上支撑在配流板9上，该配流板设置在一个固定在壳体2上的壳体盖12上。
在排挤缸6中设置有液体15、尤其是离子液体。
每个排挤缸6借助于一个连接通道13与液压的排挤装置17的缸室16处于连接，该排挤装置构造成斜盘结构方式的轴向活塞机。构造成轴向活塞机的排挤装置17在此具有一个缸头18，该缸头相对于缸筒5同轴地设置并且与缸筒5或动力轴3无相对转动地相连接。也可将缸头18和缸筒5构造成公共的并且由此一体的缸筒。
轴向活塞机的缸室16由同心地设置在缸头18中的长形孔20构成，在这些长形孔中各可纵向移动地设置有一个活塞21。活塞21各借助于一个滑动靴22支撑在斜盘23上。在活塞21与滑动靴22之间构造有球状的滑动靴铰链。
轴向活塞机构造成在排挤容积方面可调节的轴向活塞机，其中，斜盘23可摆动地支承在壳体2上并且可借助于一个未再示出的调节装置相对于转动轴线4倾斜。但也可构造具有固定排挤容积的轴向活塞机，其中，斜盘可直接构造在壳体2上。
缸筒5和排挤装置17在此设置在公共的壳体中。
在根据本发明的动力装置1构造成压缩机时，缸筒5和缸头18通过动力轴3驱动。轴向活塞机在此作为泵工作并且将液体15从缸室16输送到排挤缸6中，由此，经由输入通道10流入到排挤缸6中的介质通过液体15压缩并且输送到输出通道11中。在动力装置1工作时，由于排挤缸6的径向布置，通过缸筒5的旋转而在液体15上作用离心力，该离心力使液体加速，由此，液体柱可以以高的速度运动并且动力装置1由此可以以高的转速以及由此以高的循环速度工作。
根据本发明的动力装置由此相对于所述类型的压缩机在输送功率相同的情况下可在结构空间方面减小，其中，在结构空间要求小时可获得高效率下的高输送功率。
通过轴向活塞泵的可调节的斜盘23可直接控制输送功率。通过由配流板9来控制旋转的排挤缸6与输入通道10以及输出通道11的连接而不需要电的行程测量系统，由此获得根据本发明的动力装置1的降低的制造成本。
在根据本发明的动力装置1构造成驱动机时，处于压力下的介质经由输入通道10供应给排挤缸6。通过液体15对活塞21加载，其中，轴向活塞机作为马达工作并且产生缸筒5和缸头18的转动运动，由此在动力轴3上可分流出转矩。

Claims (18)

1.动力装置，具有至少一个排挤缸，在所述排挤缸中设置有液体，并且所述排挤缸可与用于介质的输入通道及输出通道相连接，其中，该液体与一个排挤装置处于作用连接，其特征在于：所述排挤缸(6)相对于一个缸筒(5)的转动轴线(4)倾斜地设置在可绕该转动轴线(4)转动地被支承的缸筒(5)中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的动力装置，其特征在于：所述排挤缸(6)相对于该缸筒(5)的转动轴线(4)垂直地设置。
3.根据权利要求2所述的动力装置，其特征在于：所述排挤缸(6)构造成设置在该缸筒(5)中的径向孔(14)。
4.根据权利要求1至3中一项所述的动力装置，其特征在于：为了控制所述排挤缸(6)与所述输入通道(10)以及所述输出通道(11)的连接而设置有一个配流板(9)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的动力装置，其特征在于：该缸筒(5)在轴向方向上支撑在该配流板(9)上，该配流板设置在一个壳体(2)上。
6.根据权利要求1至3中一项所述的动力装置，其特征在于：该缸筒(5)与一个动力轴(4)处于作用连接。
7.根据权利要求1至3中一项所述的动力装置，其特征在于：所述排挤缸(5)设置有冷却装置。
8.根据权利要求1至3中一项所述的动力装置，其特征在于：该排挤装置(17)构造成轴向活塞机，其中，每个排挤缸(6)与该轴向活塞机的一个缸室(16)处于连接。
9.根据权利要求8所述的动力装置，其特征在于：该轴向活塞机构造成具有斜盘(23)的斜盘式机器。
10.根据权利要求8所述的动力装置，其中，该轴向活塞机具有一个设置有缸室(16)的缸头(18)，其特征在于：该轴向活塞机的缸头(18)与接收所述排挤缸(6)的缸筒(5)转动同步地相耦合。
11.根据权利要求10所述的动力装置，其特征在于：该轴向活塞机的缸头(18)和接收所述排挤缸(6)的缸筒(5)构造成公共的缸筒。
12.根据权利要求1至3中一项所述的动力装置，其特征在于：该缸筒(5)和该排挤装置(17)设置在一个公共的壳体(2)中。
13.根据权利要求1至3中一项所述的动力装置，其特征在于：该动力装置构造成用于压缩气态介质的压缩机。
14.根据权利要求1至3中一项所述的动力装置，其特征在于：该动力装置构造成用于分流转矩的驱动机。
15.根据权利要求1所述的动力装置，其特征在于：所述液体是离子液体。
16.根据权利要求7所述的动力装置，其特征在于：所述冷却装置是内部冷却装置。
17.根据权利要求9所述的动力装置，其特征在于：所述斜盘(23)是可调节的斜盘。
18.根据权利要求13所述的动力装置，其特征在于：所述气态介质是氢。
CN2006800283042A 2005-08-02 2006-07-25 动力装置 Expired - Fee Related CN101233320B (zh)

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