CN101231280A - Method for detecting live stumpage strength nondestructively - Google Patents
Method for detecting live stumpage strength nondestructively Download PDFInfo
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- CN101231280A CN101231280A CNA2008100579502A CN200810057950A CN101231280A CN 101231280 A CN101231280 A CN 101231280A CN A2008100579502 A CNA2008100579502 A CN A2008100579502A CN 200810057950 A CN200810057950 A CN 200810057950A CN 101231280 A CN101231280 A CN 101231280A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nondestructive measuring method for the intension of a live standing tree. The method includes the steps that: step one, a live standing tree to be measured is selected, and the spread velocity V of a mechanical wave is measured at an area to be measured; step two, a consecutive and integrated tree core with diameter of 3 to 12 mm is taken radially in the area to be measured; step three, the mass of the tree core is weighted and the volume of the tree core is measured on the spot, thereby obtaining the density Rho of the tree core; step four, an elastic modulus Ed is calculated according to the formula that E is equal to V<2>Rho; wherein, the Ed is the elastic modulus of the live standing tree. The invention can perform examination without needing to cut down the live standing tree, not only the detection efficiency is high, but also the detection labor intensity is small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lossless detection method of live stumpage strength.
Background technology
The detection of live stumpage strength mainly be to utilize knock, means such as current impulse produce mechanical wave in the xylem zone of the standing tree of living, and according to the E=V that concerns that exists between elasticity modulus of materials E and mechanical wave velocity of propagation V and the density of material ρ
2ρ comes calculating elastic modulus E
d, wherein, described E
dBe the elastic modulus of the standing tree of living, the final detection that realizes live stumpage strength.
At present, in the standing tree testing process of living, the method for density measurement is: the standing tree of will living is cuted down, and uses instrument intercepting veneer bolt, disk or wooden units such as cutter, saw to carry out traditional approach then and measures, and promptly according to formula: density equals the ratio of quality and volume.The shortcoming that this method exists comprise following some:
(1) could measure density after the standing tree of living need being cuted down, work standing tree has promptly stopped growth after mensuration, cause the waste of forest tree resource;
(2) it is big to cut down the process labour intensity of standing tree alive and intercepting veneer bolt, disk or wooden unit, and longer duration, and need take certain safeguard procedures is with support personnel's safety;
(3) need carry heavy instruments such as chain saw, and operating process to consider weather and environmental baseline, so a little less than the field work ability.
(4) could measure its density because of cuting down standing tree alive, so the sample trees strain number of measuring can not be too many, so can not truly reflect the Global Information of institute's detected object.
(5) prerequisite that need cut down standing tree alive has determined to carry out regular detection, makes the standing tree of living detect low to the long-term continuous monitoring ability of wood property in the arboreal growth process.
(6) whole testing process is loaded down with trivial details, and detection speed is slow.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of lossless detection method of live stumpage strength, this method just can realize the direct detection to live stumpage strength under the situation of not cuting down standing tree alive, reduced destruction to the full extent to the standing tree of living, both guarantee the accurate of testing result, guaranteed the normal growth of standing tree alive again.
In order to address the above problem, the lossless detection method that the invention provides a kind of live stumpage strength comprises the steps:
Step 1: select standing tree alive to be measured, at area test machinery velocity of wave propagation V to be measured;
Step 2: radially cut-off directly is the continuous and complete tree core of 3～12mm in above-mentioned zone to be measured;
Step 3: the quality of on-the-spot weighing tree core, and measure the volume of setting core, obtain setting the density p of core;
Step 4: according to formula E=V
2ρ calculates elastic modulus E
dWherein, described E
dElastic modulus for the standing tree of living.
Preferably, described step 3 also can be that the quality of back weighing tree core in reasonable time is preserved in the on-the-spot sealing of tree core of will obtain, and measures the volume of tree core, obtains setting the density p of core.
Preferably, mechanical velocity of wave propagation is by the first sensor and second sensor measurement in the described step 1, and the tree core gets the core position between this first sensor and second sensor in the described step 2.
Preferably, to be inserted into the degree of depth of trunk of described standing tree alive consistent for the length of the described tree core of obtaining in the described step 2 and the described first sensor and second sensor.
Preferably, the length of obtained described tree core is the length of the trunk radial direction of described standing tree alive in the described step 2.
Preferably, in described step 2, get core by a coring device, this coring device comprises: column hollow boring bit and corer, the internal diameter of this drill bit is less than or equal to 12mm, the fore-end of drill bit begins to have the external thread blade, corer is arranged on the inside of described drill bit, and corer is marked with scale.
Preferably, the rear end of described drill bit also is provided with the rotary handle that is used to rotate described drill bit.
The present invention has following advantage:
(1) because do not need to cut down standing tree alive, and the aperture of being bored is little by (3～12mm), and trees can recover hole Wicresoft rapidly by callus after boring, and said determination does not have influence to the healthy growth of the standing tree of living, the waste that helps cultivating the standing tree alive of big footpath level and avoid forest tree resource;
(2) labour intensity of density measurement work is little, and equipment needed thereby is simple, and a people can finish;
(3) the coring device volume that adopts of the present invention is little, easy to carry, and operating process do not need to consider weather and environmental baseline, so the field work ability is strong;
(4) can realize the standing tree resource alive of large sample is carried out intensity property assessment, and detection speed is fast, accuracy of detection and fiduciary level height can truly reflect the Global Information of institute's detected object.
(5) with regard to a certain standing tree alive, can realize repeatedly, the mensuration of multi-section position, realize " meticulous detection ";
(6) adopt detection method of the present invention, can carry out regular detection, improved the long-term continuous monitoring ability of standing tree detection alive greatly, better realize forest tree resource directive breeding and rationally utilize target wood property in the arboreal growth process to the standing tree of living;
(7) adopt the method for this kind mensuration density after, simple, the easy operating of whole Non-Destructive Testing process, and just can obtain the result at the scene greatly facilitates other follow-up work after the detection;
(8) detection speed is fast, and mode saved for 80% time more in the past;
(9) with regard to same standing tree alive (material), adopt detection method of the present invention, measured E
dAdopt previous methods to reduce about 15% with adopting standard sample in the static modulus of elasticity average error between the two that laboratory mechanical test machine records; Coefficient R between the two improves about 13%.
Description of drawings
Figure 1A is for getting the position view of core on trunk, Figure 1B is the right view of Figure 1A;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the coring device of the present invention's employing;
Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of corer.
Embodiment
The lossless detection method of live stumpage strength of the present invention specifically comprises the steps:
Step 1: shown in Figure 1A, B, select standing tree alive 1 to be measured, in zone to be measured, measure the velocity of propagation V of mechanical wave between the first sensor 2 and second sensor 3 by the first sensor 2 and second sensor 3;
Step 2: in the above-mentioned zone to be measured of the standing tree 1 of living, and on the position 4 between first and second sensor 2,3 lines, by as Fig. 2,3,4 described coring devices 5 the cut-off continuous and complete tree core of 3～12mm directly radially.The tree core of being got can be got one section consistent continuous and complete tree core of the degree of depth that is inserted into trunk with first and second sensor 2,3 on position 4 shown in Figure 1B, can carry out meticulous detection at the intensity of standing tree 1 specific part of living like this; Also can be the whole trunk that penetrates standing tree 1 alive, can detect at the bulk strength of the standing tree 1 of living like this.Along the tree core sampling quantity on the height of tree direction can be more than 2 or 2, and each sampling spot position should evenly distribute, and the quantity of sampling is many more, and then the result of Huo Deing is accurate more.Above-mentioned coring device 5 comprises: column hollow boring bit 6 and corer 8, and the internal diameter of this drill bit 6 is less than or equal to 12mm, and the selection of drill bit 6 internal diameters can be as following table two.The fore-end of drill bit 6 begins to have external thread blade 9, makes drill bit 6 pierce trunk by external thread blade 9, and corer 8 is arranged on the inside of drill bit 6, and after drilling through down the tree core, the tree core that will screw in the drill bit 6 by this corer 8 takes out.Convenient in order to read volume, as shown in Figure 4, corer 8 is marked with scale 10, and the pairing volume of scale can on-the-spot read the volume of tree core like this shown in following table one, and therefore the speed that detects is also faster.In addition, can rotary handle 7 be set, drill bit 6 be screwed in the trunk by rotation rotary handle 7 as Fig. 2,3 rear ends that are shown in drill bit 6;
Step 3: adopt the quality of this tree core of balance scene weighing immediately and measure the volume of this tree core, obtain setting the density p of core, the quality of on-the-spot weighing tree core can guarantee that the tree core density that calculates can reflect the actual value of standing tree green density alive more accurately; Certainly, also can be that the quality of back (The faster the better) weighing tree core in reasonable time is preserved in the on-the-spot sealing of tree core of will obtain, and measure the volume of tree core, obtain setting the density p of core;
Step 4: according to formula E=V
2ρ calculates the elastic modulus E of efficient standing tree
d
The scale of table one corer and corresponding volume table
| Length (cm) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | ... | |
| Corresponding volume cm 3 | ＝3mm | 0.07 | 0.14 | 0.21 | 0.28 | 0.35 | 0.42 | 0.49 | 0.57 | 0.64 | 0.71 | ... |
| ＝4mm | 0.13 | 0.25 | 0.38 | 0.50 | 0.63 | 0.75 | 0.88 | 1.00 | 1.13 | 1.26 | ... | |
| ＝6mm | 0.28 | 0.57 | 0.85 | 1.13 | 1.41 | 1.70 | 1.98 | 2.26 | 2.54 | 2.83 | ... | |
| ＝8mm | 0.50 | 1.00 | 1.51 | 2.01 | 2.51 | 3.01 | 3.52 | 4.02 | 4.52 | 5.02 | ... | |
| ＝10mm | 0.79 | 1.57 | 2.36 | 3.14 | 3.93 | 4.71 | 5.50 | 6.28 | 7.07 | 7.85 | ... | |
| ＝12mm | 1.12 | 2.23 | 3.39 | 4.52 | 5.65 | 6.78 | 7.91 | 9.04 | 10.17 | 11.30 | ... | |
Annotate: is the drill bit internal diameter
Table two drill bit option table
| Coniferous species | The coniferous species diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground (cm) | ＜3 | 3～10 | 10～15 | 15～20 | 20～25 | ＞25 |
| Drill bit internal diameter (mm) | ＝3 | 3～5 | 5～6 | 6～8 | 8～10 | 10～12 | |
| Deciduous species | The diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground (cm) | ＜3 | 3～10 | 10～15 | 15～20 | 20～25 | ＞25 |
| Drill bit internal diameter (mm) | ＝3 | 3～6 | 6～7 | 7～9 | 9～11 | 11～12 | |
| Annotate: drilling through the degree of depth is 1cm-d max(running through trunk) | |||||||
Live stumpage strength lossless detection method of the present invention is compared with traditional detection method, has the advantage as following table three:
The simple comparison of table three classic method and the inventive method
| Project relatively | Classic method | The inventive method |
| Personnel's configuration (scene) | Mechanical wave determining instrument operation: 2 people; Cut down worker and carpenter: 3 people; Record: 1 people; Safety guarantee: 1 people.Amount to 7 people | Mechanical wave determining instrument operation: 2 people; Coring device uses: 1 people; Record: 1 people.Amount to 4 people |
| The configuration of instrument (scene) | Mechanical wave determining instrument, chain saw, hand saws, cutter, axe, sealed bag, security protection equipment, balance | Mechanical wave determining instrument, coring device, sealed bag, balance |
| The time spent of detecting | 75 minutes consuming time at least of individual plant, wherein on-the-spot 45 minutes times spent, 30 minutes laboratory times spent | Individual plant 15 minutes consuming time altogether, need not laboratory work at on-the-spot 15 minutes times spent of individual plant |
| The scene could obtain E d | Can not | Can |
| E dAnd record the related coefficient between the timber static modulus of elasticity by GB1927～19 43-91 | R=0.75 | R=0.86 |
The comparison of practicality is carried out in the detection of adopting classic method and this method, and applied stress wave analysis instrument checkout equipment, detected object are 20 strain larix olgensis standing tree alive.
In sum; being preferred embodiment of the present invention only below, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention, therefore; all any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the lossless detection method of a live stumpage strength is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1: select standing tree alive to be measured, at area test machinery velocity of wave propagation V to be measured;
Step 2: radially cut-off directly is the continuous and complete tree core of 3～12mm in above-mentioned zone to be measured;
Step 3: the quality of this tree core of on-the-spot weighing is also measured the volume of this tree core, obtains setting the density p of core;
Step 4: according to formula E=V
2ρ calculates elastic modulus E
dWherein, described E
dElastic modulus for the standing tree of living.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described step 3 also can be that the quality of back weighing tree core in reasonable time is preserved in the on-the-spot sealing of tree core of will obtain, and measures the volume of tree core, obtains setting the density p of core.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described mechanical velocity of wave propagation is measured by the first sensor and second sensor, described tree core get the core position between this first sensor and second sensor.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the length of obtained described tree core is consistent with the degree of depth that the described first sensor and second sensor are inserted into described standing tree trunk alive.
5. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the length of obtained described tree core is the length of the trunk radial direction of described standing tree alive.
6. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, in described step 2, get core by a coring device, this coring device comprises: column hollow boring bit and corer, the internal diameter of this drill bit is less than or equal to 12mm, the fore-end of drill bit begins to have the external thread blade, and corer is arranged on the inside of described drill bit, and corer is marked with scale.
7. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that the rear end of described drill bit also is provided with the rotary handle that is used to rotate described drill bit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200810057950 CN101231280B (en) | 2008-02-21 | 2008-02-21 | Method for detecting live stumpage strength nondestructively |
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| CN 200810057950 CN101231280B (en) | 2008-02-21 | 2008-02-21 | Method for detecting live stumpage strength nondestructively |
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| CN101231280B CN101231280B (en) | 2011-05-04 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101957343A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2011-01-26 | 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 | Novel acoustic-emission ground-stress-field measuring technology based on plane stress condition |
| CN102650633A (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2012-08-29 | 国际竹藤网络中心 | Nondestructive detection method of mechanical properties of standing timbers |
| CN103018092A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-04-03 | 安徽农业大学 | Full-amount testing method of tree mechanical quantity |
| CN105467012A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-04-06 | 江南大学 | Method for detecting defect positions on radial sections of trees |
| CN109738524A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-10 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of broadleaf log internal soundness assessment system and application |
| CN110726586A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-01-24 | 上海市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | On-site micro-damage sampling detection method for wood strength |
| WO2021072801A1 (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2021-04-22 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Method and apparatus for measuring wood density of live timber |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100338461C (en) * | 2005-01-11 | 2007-09-19 | 胡英成 | Woods and wooden composite material elastic modulus non-destructive checkers |
-
2008
- 2008-02-21 CN CN 200810057950 patent/CN101231280B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101957343A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2011-01-26 | 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 | Novel acoustic-emission ground-stress-field measuring technology based on plane stress condition |
| CN101957343B (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2013-08-21 | 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 | Novel acoustic-emission ground-stress-field measuring technology based on plane stress condition |
| CN102650633A (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2012-08-29 | 国际竹藤网络中心 | Nondestructive detection method of mechanical properties of standing timbers |
| CN102650633B (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2014-09-03 | 国际竹藤网络中心 | Nondestructive detection method of mechanical properties of standing timbers |
| CN103018092A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-04-03 | 安徽农业大学 | Full-amount testing method of tree mechanical quantity |
| CN103018092B (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2015-10-28 | 安徽农业大学 | The full dose method of testing of trees mechanical quantity |
| CN105467012A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-04-06 | 江南大学 | Method for detecting defect positions on radial sections of trees |
| CN105467012B (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2018-06-26 | 江南大学 | A kind of method for detecting defective locations on trees radial longitudinal section |
| CN109738524A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-10 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of broadleaf log internal soundness assessment system and application |
| WO2021072801A1 (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2021-04-22 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Method and apparatus for measuring wood density of live timber |
| CN110726586A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-01-24 | 上海市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | On-site micro-damage sampling detection method for wood strength |
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| CN101231280B (en) | 2011-05-04 |
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