CN102735580A - Quasi nondestructive detection method of wood density of standing timber - Google Patents
Quasi nondestructive detection method of wood density of standing timber Download PDFInfo
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- CN102735580A CN102735580A CN2012102440581A CN201210244058A CN102735580A CN 102735580 A CN102735580 A CN 102735580A CN 2012102440581 A CN2012102440581 A CN 2012102440581A CN 201210244058 A CN201210244058 A CN 201210244058A CN 102735580 A CN102735580 A CN 102735580A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a quasi nondestructive detection method of wood density of standing timber, which overcomes the defects of complication, time consumption, large damage to the standing timber of a detection process of the traditional method and can be used for quickly and quasi nondestructively detecting the wood basic density of the standing timber on the basis of an impedance curve. The quasi nondestructive detection method comprises the following steps (a) selecting a standing timber sample, and testing the sample by adopting a wood needle impedance instrument to collect an impedance curve of a breast height part of the sample; (b) measuring the basic density of the wood sample by utilizing a drainage method; (c) preprocessing and analyzing the collected impedance curve to obtain a wood impedance value; (d) carrying out regression analysis on the impedance value and the wood basic density by adopting a least square method, and establishing a standing timber wood density prediction model; and (e) correcting and optimizing the model, and analyzing the wood density of the unknown standing timber wood by utilizing the constructed model.
Description
Technical field
The standing tree wood property that the present invention relates to live is estimated the field, relate in particular to a kind of based on impedance curve can be apace, the accurate method that nondestructively the standing tree timber basic density of living is detected.
Background technology
Density of wood is the important physical property of timber, with the mechanical property of wood and wood utilization confidential relation is arranged.It is an important indicator estimating characteristics such as lumber quality, grade, intensity.For a long time, when measuring the density of wood of the standing tree of living, the normal classic method that adopts of forest workers is a drainage: promptly utilize growth cone to get the awl core in the standing tree breastheight position of living, adopt drainage to measure the basic density of timber then in the laboratory again.The existing deficiency of this method has: 1. test process is loaded down with trivial details, time-consuming, and sample is dipped to full water state and needs 7-10 days approximately usually; 2. can cause wound to the standing tree of living, generally can stay the hole of 4-12mm at the standing tree epidermis of living.Therefore, need the method for discussion quick nondestructive to substitute this traditional standing tree density of wood detection method alive.
In recent years; Part Study person adopts the Pilodyn method that the density of wood of the standing tree of living has been carried out detecting research; This method principle of work is: with pre-set energy; The probe that will have certain diameter is injected into standing tree alive inside, according to the correlativity between draw point penetrating depth and the wood property, predicts the density of wood of standing tree alive.This method has fast measuring and the standing tree of living is damaged advantages such as less; But the deficiency that exists is; The penetrating depth of probe is limited, and for the bigger standing tree alive of diameter, probe only rests on standing tree sapwood alive position; Thereby have better prediction effect for the outside density of the standing tree of living, and unsatisfactory to the whole density prediction radially of the standing tree of living.In addition, bark has bigger influence to test, need peel off bark sometimes and test just and can obtain more satisfactory result, so then can bring new wound to the standing tree of living.
Therefore, still need inquire into novel can be fast, accurately, to the detection method of the smaller standing tree timber basic density alive of standing tree damage of living.
Summary of the invention
Based on above-mentioned existing in prior technology problem, embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of based on impedance curve can be apace, the accurate method that nondestructively the standing tree timber basic density of living is detected.This method has overcome that the existing testing process of drainage is numerous and diverse, shortcoming such as during test fee, can under the condition of not cuting down standing tree alive, carry out on-the-spot apace the detection to its density of wood, to living the standing tree damage very little, approach not damaged.This method has also overcome probe, and to thrust standing tree alive inside more shallow; Be difficult to the accurately shortcoming of the whole radial wood density of reflection standing tree alive; Can be according to the standing tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground size of living; Choose the probe that length is fit to, it is radially whole or surpass the half the impedance curve of radical length at least to obtain standing tree alive, and in view of the above the density of wood of the standing tree of living is calculated.
The step of the accurate lossless detection method of this standing tree density of wood alive provided by the present invention is following:
(1) chooses some in standing tree sample alive (generally greater than 30), it is carried out label;
(2) to each standing tree sample of living; Measure its diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, and in the breastheight position, from south to north; Adopt trees pin type impedance appearance to test, gather impedance curve radially whole or half the above radical length at least in the transversal section, standing tree sample breastheight place of living;
(3) near trees pin type impedance appearance test position, adopt growth cone collection awl core, and process standard sample, the volume when utilizing drainage mensuration sample to satisfy water utilizes oven drying method to measure the over dry quality of sample, calculates the basic density of wood sample;
(4) impedance curve that above-mentioned steps (2) is collected is handled, and removes that part of reflection bark in the impedance curve, and the impedance curve that reflects wooden part in the standing tree sample alive is analyzed;
(5) above-mentioned impedance curve is carried out mathematics manipulation such as baseline correction, equalization processing, first order derivative processing, obtain reflecting that standing tree sample breastheight alive position radially goes up the resistance value of xylem;
(6) adopt least square method that the above-mentioned resistance value timber basic density that test obtains with above-mentioned steps (3) is carried out regretional analysis, make up work standing tree density of wood forecast model;
(7) according to indexs such as the related coefficient of constructed model, standard deviation, the coefficient of variation, adopt mathematical method, above-mentioned constructed standing tree density of wood forecast model alive is proofreaied and correct and optimized;
(8) utilize above-mentioned optimized model, analyze the density of wood of the unknown standing tree of living.
The standing tree sample of living in the said step (1) comprises broad leaf tree and conifer sample.
Hole diameter≤2mm that the test of trees pin type impedance appearance stays at the standing tree epidermis of living in the said step (2), very little to standing tree damage alive, approach can't harm.
The measurement direction of trees pin type impedance appearance on standing tree alive is not limited in from south to north in the said step (2), needs to come according to the standing tree shape of living concrete definite.
The impedance curve of handling in the said step (5) is divided into two kinds of situation: when living the standing tree sample diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground hour, adopt the impedance curve that runs through whole radially xylem in the transversal section, standing tree breastheight place alive; When the standing tree sample diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of living is big, according to diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground size, calculate length from the sample sapwood to medulla, promptly the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is half the, adopts the impedance curve of this length of reflection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the impedance plot of method foundation provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the standing tree density of wood forecast model figure alive that method provided by the present invention is set up.
Embodiment
The step that exemplary embodiments of the present invention is measured the accurate lossless detection method of standing tree density of wood of living is following:
(1) the standing tree Sample selection of living.Choose sample some of standing tree (generally greater than 30) alive, it is carried out label;
(2) the standing tree test sample of living.To each standing tree sample of living; Measure its diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, and (130cm apart from ground) locates in the breastheight position, from south to north; Adopt trees pin type impedance appearance to test, gather impedance curve radially whole or half the above radical length at least in the transversal section, standing tree sample breastheight place of living;
(3) basic density measurement of timber and calculating.Near trees pin type impedance appearance test position, adopt growth cone collection awl core, and process standard sample, the volume when utilizing drainage mensuration sample to satisfy water utilizes oven drying method to measure the over dry quality of sample, calculates the basic density of wood sample;
(4) impedance curve pre-service.To the above-mentioned impedance curve that collects, handle, remove that part of reflection bark in the impedance curve, the impedance curve that reflects wooden part in the standing tree sample alive is analyzed;
(5) resistance value obtains.Above-mentioned pretreated impedance curve is carried out mathematics manipulation such as baseline correction, equalization processing, first order derivative processing, obtain reflecting that standing tree sample breastheight alive position radially goes up the resistance value of xylem;
(6) the standing tree density of wood forecast model of living makes up.Adopt least square method that the timber basic density that above-mentioned resistance value and above-mentioned (3) test obtain is carried out regretional analysis, set up the standing tree density of wood forecast model of living;
(7) the standing tree density of wood forecast model of living is optimized.According to indexs such as the related coefficient of the model of setting up, standard deviation, the coefficient of variation, the employing mathematical method is proofreaied and correct and is optimized above-mentioned constructed standing tree density of wood forecast model alive;
(8) the standing tree density of wood of living is judged.Utilize above-mentioned optimized model, analyze the density of wood of the unknown standing tree of living.
The above; Be the preferable embodiment of the present invention; Protection scope of the present invention is not limited to listed embodiment; Any technician who is familiar with the present technique field is in the technical scope that the present invention discloses, and the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Embodiment of the invention test result is seen table 1.
Table 1 Impedance Determination density and drainage are measured density relatively
Claims (5)
1. accurate lossless detection method of standing tree density of wood alive is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) chooses some in standing tree sample alive (generally greater than 30), it is carried out label;
(2) to each standing tree sample of living; Measure its diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, and in the breastheight position, from south to north; Adopt trees pin type impedance appearance to test, gather impedance curve radially whole or half the above radical length at least in the transversal section, standing tree sample breastheight place of living;
(3) near trees pin type impedance appearance test position, adopt growth cone collection awl core, and process standard sample, the volume when utilizing drainage mensuration sample to satisfy water utilizes oven drying method to measure the over dry quality of sample, calculates the basic density of wood sample;
(4) impedance curve that above-mentioned steps (2) is collected is handled, and removes that part of reflection bark in the impedance curve, and the impedance curve that reflects wooden part in the standing tree sample alive is analyzed;
(5) above-mentioned impedance curve is carried out mathematics manipulation such as baseline correction, equalization processing, first order derivative processing, obtain reflecting that standing tree sample breastheight alive position radially goes up the resistance value of xylem;
(6) adopt least square method that the above-mentioned resistance value timber basic density that test obtains with above-mentioned steps (3) is carried out regretional analysis, make up work standing tree density of wood forecast model;
(7) according to indexs such as the related coefficient of constructed model, standard deviation, the coefficient of variation, adopt mathematical method, above-mentioned constructed standing tree density of wood forecast model alive is proofreaied and correct and optimized;
(8) utilize above-mentioned optimized model, analyze the density of wood of the unknown standing tree of living.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the standing tree sample of living in the said step (1) comprises broad leaf tree and conifer sample.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: hole diameter≤2mm that the test of trees pin type impedance appearance stays at the standing tree epidermis of living in the said step (2), and very little to standing tree damage alive, approach can't harm.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the measurement direction of trees pin type impedance appearance on standing tree alive is not limited in from south to north in the said step (2), needs to come according to the standing tree shape of living concrete definite.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the impedance curve of handling in the said step (5) is divided into two kinds of situation: when living the standing tree sample diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground hour, adopt the impedance curve that runs through whole radially xylem in the transversal section, standing tree breastheight place alive; When the standing tree sample diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of living is big, according to diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground size, calculate length from the sample sapwood to medulla, promptly the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is half the, adopts the impedance curve of this length of reflection.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104990793A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-10-21 | 东南大学 | Bearing capacity assessment method for timber architecture obtained after fire disaster |
| CN105911107A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-08-31 | 东北林业大学 | Standing tree crack detecting device and method based on resistance tomography |
| CN105956229A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-09-21 | 黄时浩 | Bearing timber structure design auxiliary analysis tool and auxiliary design method |
| CN105955932A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-09-21 | 黄时浩 | Timber density determination method based on iteration weight least square estimate method |
| CN108776079A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-09 | 上海建为历保科技股份有限公司 | Utilize the method for information prediction wood component density of damaging by worms |
| CN110595341A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-12-20 | 浙江水利水电学院 | Resistivity method-based method for obtaining width of sapwood |
| CN110726586A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-01-24 | 上海市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | On-site micro-damage sampling detection method for wood strength |
| CN111272821A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-12 | 上海市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Method for detecting internal defect and micro-damage of wood |
| WO2021072801A1 (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2021-04-22 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Method and apparatus for measuring wood density of live timber |
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2012
- 2012-07-16 CN CN2012102440581A patent/CN102735580A/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104990793A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-10-21 | 东南大学 | Bearing capacity assessment method for timber architecture obtained after fire disaster |
| CN104990793B (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2017-07-28 | 东南大学 | The bearing capacity evaluation method of concrete on fire timber buildings |
| CN105956229A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-09-21 | 黄时浩 | Bearing timber structure design auxiliary analysis tool and auxiliary design method |
| CN105955932A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-09-21 | 黄时浩 | Timber density determination method based on iteration weight least square estimate method |
| CN105955932B (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2017-02-22 | 黄时浩 | Timber density determination method based on iteration weight least square estimate method |
| CN105956229B (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2019-04-23 | 黄时浩 | Load-bearing timber structure Design assistant analysis tool and auxiliary design method |
| CN105911107A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-08-31 | 东北林业大学 | Standing tree crack detecting device and method based on resistance tomography |
| CN108776079A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-09 | 上海建为历保科技股份有限公司 | Utilize the method for information prediction wood component density of damaging by worms |
| CN110595341A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-12-20 | 浙江水利水电学院 | Resistivity method-based method for obtaining width of sapwood |
| WO2021072801A1 (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2021-04-22 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Method and apparatus for measuring wood density of live timber |
| CN110726586A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-01-24 | 上海市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | On-site micro-damage sampling detection method for wood strength |
| CN111272821A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-12 | 上海市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Method for detecting internal defect and micro-damage of wood |
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Application publication date: 20121017 |