CN101230412B - Magnetic hysteresis alloy stress heat-treatment method and special assembly thereof - Google Patents
Magnetic hysteresis alloy stress heat-treatment method and special assembly thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101230412B CN101230412B CN2008100175142A CN200810017514A CN101230412B CN 101230412 B CN101230412 B CN 101230412B CN 2008100175142 A CN2008100175142 A CN 2008100175142A CN 200810017514 A CN200810017514 A CN 200810017514A CN 101230412 B CN101230412 B CN 101230412B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a stress heat treatment method of magnetic hysteresis alloy, which can be realized according to following steps: (1) to-be-treated components can be sleeved on a spindle one by one and a sleeve can be added to enclose the components; and then components can be fixed and positioned by applying force in the axial direction; (2) the components and a frock can be conducted the heat treatment together with a furnace, and as the temperature of the furnace is up to 600 to 660 DEG C, the components and the frock can be maintained hot for 30 to 90 minutes, and then can be cooled to the room temperature quickly. According to the property that the coefficient of heat expansion of the frock is more than that of the components when the magnetic hysteresis alloy is treating the backfire, the invention can form the advantageous magnetic anisotropy in the way that the frock can apply a circumferential-direction pulling stress to the components of the magnetic hysteresis alloy, thereby greatly improving the magnetism of material after the heat treatment. when Hm is equal to 5173A / m , the Bm of the magnetism of the components treated according to the method can reach 1.65 to 1.75 T, and Br thereof can reach 1.55 to 1.65 T, and Hc thereof can reach 4000 to 4300 A / m.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the heat treatment technics field of Precise Alloy, particularly relate to the heat treating method of magnetic hysteresis alloy.
Background technology
The magnetic hysteresis alloy material is suitable for hysteresis synchronous motor owing to have good hysteresis property very much, and the small and special electric machine that adopts this material to make is widely used in the electromechanical gyrostat, gyro adds in the inertia type instruments such as table, rate gyroscope.
Thermal treatment be improve necessity of alloy hysteresis property by way of.Conventional heat treating method is heated to 600～660 ℃ for adopting vacuum oven or electric furnace, is quickly cooled to room temperature behind insulation 30～90min, handles the back magnetic property and satisfies GJB1958-1994.But Bm, Br, Hc generally can only reach the index of standard code after handling, and being difficult to has raising again, for the higher motor part of some design requirementss, just is difficult to reach its desired quantity.
By adding strain method magnetic hysteresis alloy is heat-treated, constant at material composition, under the constant situation of processing parameter, every magnetic property index all can improve, and has excavated the magnetic property potentiality of material greatly, has saved material cost, has improved the range of application of material.Only introduce the magnetic property that tensile stress can improve magnetic hysteresis alloy at all kinds of technical information, how not introduce the processing method of stress application but find as yet.
Stress process of thermal treatment difficult point have following some:
1, the stress that applies is wanted evenly along the part circumferential direction;
2, the stress intensity that applies is suitable;
3, part must (about 600 ℃) have enough stress under thermal treatment temp;
4, low cost, simple to operate, be suitable for penetration and promotion.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to propose a kind of magnetic hysteresis alloy stress heat-treatment method and special tooling, its ultimate principle is to utilize piezomagnetism, improves the magnetic hysteresis alloy magnetic property greatly through Overheating Treatment adding under the stressed condition.
The magnetic hysteresis alloy stress heat-treatment method, it is realized according to following steps:
(1) pending part is inserted on the mandrel, is axially giving the fastening location of the part application of force then, the sleeve of selecting in case of necessity to be of convenient length is adjusted;
(2) part is managed with furnace treatment together with frock, is warming up to 600～660 ℃ with stove, insulation 30～90min, quick cooling chamber temperature.
Axle diameter is than the little 0.03～0.08mm of part internal diameter in the step (1).The material thermal expansion coefficient of mandrel is than the part thermal expansivity height of handling.Adopt nut shaft on the mandrel to screwing the application of force axially for the fastening localized device of the part application of force.
Equipment for Heating Processing is vacuum oven or atmosphere protection stove in the step (2).
Realize the special tooling of above-mentioned magnetic hysteresis alloy stress heat-treatment method, have a mandrel and the adjustment sleeve that can be placed on the mandrel, fitting nut is screwed in one of mandrel; The telescopic radial width is greater than the radial width of processing part; On mandrel, be connected with the fitting nut that applies the power of axially fastening to part; Outside diameter of mandrel than the little 0.03～0.08mm of part internal diameter and mandrel material thermal expansion coefficient than the part thermal expansivity height of handling.
The present invention passes through the heat treated analysis and research of magnetic hysteresis alloy stress, select for use the high material of the coefficient of expansion to make mandrel, gapped between part and the mandrel under the normal temperature, be easy to part is inserted in mandrel, because the coefficient of expansion of mandrel is greater than magnetic hysteresis alloy, under thermal treatment temp, will make part be subjected to along the circumferential direction tensile stress uniformly, the magnetic domain direction of magnetic hysteresis alloy is evenly distributed at the effect lower edge of this stress circumference, being cooled fast to room temperature is fixed on magnetic domain direction on the direction that needs, thereby improve the magnetic property of part greatly, realize the heat treated purpose of stress.Part magnetic property after this method is handled, when Hm=5173A/m, Bm can reach 1.65～1.75T, and Br can reach 1.55～1.65T, and Hc can reach 4000～4300A/m.Wherein Br * Hc can exceed standard of materials magnetic property about 20%.The present invention adopts the difference of thermal expansivity between the differing materials, has solved in heat treatment process effectively, the processing requirement of stress application equably.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the part magneticanisotropy synoptic diagram after the conventional thermal treatment; Fig. 2 is the part magneticanisotropy synoptic diagram after the thermal treatment of the present invention; Fig. 3 is the special tooling structural representation.
Embodiment:
Because the magnetic hysteresis alloy material is a cold-strip, after conventional thermal treatment, considerable change can not take place in its magneticanisotropy.Magneticanisotropy signal after the conventional thermal treatment is seen shown in Figure 1.Because part is generally and is annular element, multi-disc laminates the back and uses, and its material primary magneticanisotropy is used reality certain slackening.If magnetic domain direction is arranged along the circumferential direction of part after the thermal treatment, will increase substantially the magnetic property of part, see accompanying drawing 2.
The heat treated principle of stress is as follows: magneticsubstance magnetizes, and can cause macroscopic view to go up the size generation small expansion of material or dwindles, and this phenomenon is called the magnetostriction of magneticsubstance.Otherwise, if give magneticsubstance stress application or strain, exert an influence also can for the magnetic properties of material, the easy magnetization axis of material is changed.This effect is called as piezomagnetism or pressure causes anisotropy.Magnetic hysteresis alloy has apparent in view piezomagnetism.
Following formula has been expressed the influence of applied stress to the magnetoelastic energy of cubic system:
Eσ＝3/2λsσsin2θ
In the formula: E σ is the magnetoelastic energy of cubic system;
λ s is the saturation magnetostriction coefficient;
σ is for adding mechanical stress;
θ is the direction of applied stress and the angle between the easy magnetization axis in the cubic system.
By following formula as seen when the saturation magnetostriction coefficient of material be on the occasion of the time, if apply tensile stress, when easy magnetizing axis is consistent with stress direction, just can make magnetoelastic energy E σ minimum.
The rotary resistance meeting of magnetic domain at high temperature reduces significantly, if apply along circumferential tensileload to part in heat treatment process, just can make the easy magnetization axis of magnetic domain easily along the part circumferential array according to piezomagnetism.Be quickly cooled to room temperature subsequently, below the temperature that the direction that can make tensile stress can always remain to magnetic domain is difficult for rotating again, the easy axis of alloy is also solidified along circumferential array, cause the irreversible improvement of alloy magnetic property, reach the purpose that stress thermal treatment improves magnetic property.
Select for use thermal expansivity than the high material of institute's part thermal expansivity of handling making mandrel, the gap of 0.03-0.08mm is arranged between part and the mandrel under the normal temperature, be easy to part is inserted in mandrel; Because the thermal expansivity of mandrel is greater than magnetic hysteresis alloy, under thermal treatment temp, will make part be subjected to along the circumferential direction tensile stress uniformly, the magnetic domain direction of magnetic hysteresis alloy is evenly distributed at the effect lower edge of this stress circumference, be cooled fast to room temperature magnetic domain direction is fixed on the direction that needs, thereby improve the magnetic property of part greatly.
Performance:
According to above principle, adopt thermal expansivity to make the thermal treatment frock than the high nearly one times austenitic stainless steel of 2J4 material (as 1Cr18Ni9Ti), comprise mandrel, sleeve and fitting nut.The synoptic diagram that adds the stress frock is seen Fig. 3.Wherein axle diameter=part internal diameter-(0.03～0.08mm), length sleeve can be selected according to the quantity thickness of part, can get final product on part by sleeve or direct reinforcing to guarantee nut.
Below be process of the test and performance perameter.
Test conditions: material 2J04YB group, specification δ 0.4, test ring size Φ 40 * Φ 32.Processing parameter: be warming up to 620 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 60min with stove, charge into nitrogen and cool off fast.Equipment: vacuum oven.
Conventional heat treatment performance result
| Specimen coding | C1? | C2? | C?3 | C4? |
| Hm(A/m) | 5173? | 5173? | 5173? | 5173? |
| Bm(T)? | 1.55? | 1.54? | 1.54? | 1.56? |
| Br(T)? | 1.33? | 1.32? | 1.32? | 1.34? |
| Hc(A/m) | 3790? | 3881? | 3840? | 3837? |
Add stress thermal treatment result
| Specimen coding | J1? | J2? | J3? | J4? |
| Hm(A/m) | 5173? | 5173? | 5173? | 5173? |
| Bm(T)? | 1.73? | 1.72? | 1.74? | 1.72? |
| Br(T)? | 1.61? | 1.59? | 1.6? | 1.58? |
| Hc(A/m) | 4122? | 4089? | 4151? | 4073? |
Embodiment:
When adding stress thermal treatment, part is inserted on the frock piecewise, fixes with nut after adding upper bush, with manual tightening earlier, get final product at the rotation half-turn with spanner then in the time of fixedly, together with frock with together thermal treatment of stove.
Processing parameter: be warming up to 600～660 ℃ with stove, insulation 30～90min, cooling fast
Equipment: vacuum oven, resistance heading furnace, atmosphere protection stove.
Claims (4)
1. magnetic hysteresis alloy stress heat-treatment method is characterized in that realizing according to following steps:
(1) pending part is inserted on the mandrel, axially giving the fastening location of the part application of force then, the sleeve that selection is of convenient length is adjusted, outside diameter of mandrel than the little 0.03～0.08mm of part internal diameter and mandrel material thermal expansion coefficient than the part thermal expansivity height of handling;
(2) part is managed with furnace treatment together with frock, is warming up to 600～660 ℃ with stove, insulation 30～90min, and the quick cooling chamber temperature adopts dilatometry that part is applied tensile stress in heat treatment process.
2. magnetic hysteresis alloy stress heat-treatment method according to claim 1 is characterized in that Equipment for Heating Processing is vacuum oven or atmosphere protection stove.
3. magnetic hysteresis alloy stress heat-treatment method according to claim 1 is characterized in that adopting nut shaft on the mandrel to screwing the application of force axially for the fastening localized device of the part application of force.
4. the special tooling of magnetic hysteresis alloy stress heat-treatment method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that having a mandrel (3) and can be placed in adjustment sleeve (2) on the mandrel (3), the telescopic radial width is connected with the fitting nut (1) that applies the power of axially fastening to part greater than the radial width of processing part on mandrel (3); Mandrel (3) external diameter than the little 0.03～0.08mm of part internal diameter and mandrel material thermal expansion coefficient than the part thermal expansivity height of handling.
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Assignee: Baoji Huake Aerospace Electro-Mechanical Industryl Co., Ltd. Assignor: China Aerospace Times Electronics Corporation 7107 Factory Contract fulfillment period: 2009.6.1 to 2015.6.1 contract change Contract record no.: 2009610000168 Denomination of invention: Magnetic hysteresis alloy stress heat-treatment method and special assembly thereof License type: Exclusive license Record date: 20091216 |
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Free format text: EXCLUSIVE LICENSE; TIME LIMIT OF IMPLEMENTING CONTACT: 2009.6.1 TO 2015.6.1; CHANGE OF CONTRACT Name of requester: BAOJI HANGTIAN HUAKE ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL IND Effective date: 20091216 |
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Effective date of registration: 20180122 Address after: 721006 Baoji hi tech Development Zone, new town, science and technology, Shaanxi Patentee after: Shaanxi aerospace navigation equipment Co., Ltd. Address before: 430056 hi tech park, Wuhan economic and Technological Development Zone, Hubei Patentee before: China Aerospace Times Electronics Co., Ltd. |