CN101225317B - Hollow porous high-strength metallurgical formed coke production method - Google Patents
Hollow porous high-strength metallurgical formed coke production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101225317B CN101225317B CN2008100686330A CN200810068633A CN101225317B CN 101225317 B CN101225317 B CN 101225317B CN 2008100686330 A CN2008100686330 A CN 2008100686330A CN 200810068633 A CN200810068633 A CN 200810068633A CN 101225317 B CN101225317 B CN 101225317B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hollow porous high strength metallurgy formed coke and a production method of the coke, belonging to the coking technique, which aims to provide a formed coke using less prime coking coal and a method producing the formed coke fast. Based on weight percentage, 70 to 80 percent non-caking coal or weakly caking coal and 30 to 20 percent caking coal are ground, mixed, preheated, layer heating tamping hollow molded and semi-coke thermal expansion, crystallization constraint, semi-coke dry distillation, coke immersing and flicking by pressurized steam are carried out, at last the hollow porous high strength metallurgy formed coke is obtained. The hollow porous high strength metallurgy formed coke has the advantages that: the using ratio of the non-caking coal or the weakly caking coal can be increased greatly by the formed coke; the method shortens the coke forming time of the formed coke in the coking chamber and the productivity is enhanced by more than ten times using the coking chamber with the same volume; the hollow porous high strength metallurgy formed coke can be widely used in the fast coking of anthracite or prime coke field and anthracite block making or coke powder block making field.
Description
Technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of production method of formed coke, relate in particular to a kind of method of utilizing a large amount of noncaking coal or weakly caking coal to produce formed coke.
Background technology: China is coke production big country, and coke output accounts for about 50% of world's coke ultimate production; And the coking technology of China is also relatively backward at present, the consumption of noncaking coal or weakly caking coal only accounts for 20%～30% during coking, the consumption of caking coal but reached 70%～80%, lag behind external advanced level (consumption of noncaking coal or weakly caking coal and caking coal is 1: 1) far away, not only increased the production cost of coke but also aggravated the imbalance between supply and demand of caking coal; Extremely unbecoming with the status of China coke production big country.
In addition, because the domestic mechanical coke of producing is coal dust directly to be made firm by ramming to be 4～5 solid ton large-scale lumphy structures at normal temperatures mostly at present, it is slower therefore to conduct heat in retort process, and the required charing coking time, generally all more than 12 hours, productivity was very low; Simultaneously, because volume ratio is huger, the core of mechanical coke is relatively more loose, intensity a little less than; And, after quenching, also must carry out fragmentation to it because volume ratio is huger, therefore produce a large amount of coke powders and cause production cost to raise.
Summary of the invention: at the above-mentioned defective that exists in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide that a kind of caking coal consumption is few, production efficiency is high, does not produce the production method of the hollow porous high-strength metallurgical formed coke of coke powder.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions: by weight percent is that 70～80% the noncaking coal or the caking coal of weakly caking coal and 30～20% are made:
(1) the broken mixing, will mix after noncaking coal or weakly caking coal and the caking coal fragmentation, get mixed coal powder, and guarantee ash≤12%, the coal powder size≤3mm of this mixed coal powder;
(2) high temperature preheating is sent into described mixed coal powder in 300 ℃～450 ℃ the heating unit and is stirred, all mixes, until the burnt matter layer thickness y value of this coal dust all 〉=8mm, must the plasticity mixed coal powder;
(3) slush molding is made in layering heating firm by ramming, with the described plasticity mixed coal powder of insulation carry out the layering heating, layering is made compacting firm by ramming and is made the burnt base of hollow porous pie; Make Heating temperature in the process firm by ramming and be thickness≤5mm after 600 ℃, every layer coal dust made compacting firm by ramming, every layer of coal dust suffered make blow energy 〉=2.5 KJ (kilojoule) firm by ramming;
(4) semicoke heat expansion and crystallization constraint places mould to be heated to 750 ℃ the described burnt base that is incubated, and treats coal dust crystallization curing and demolding, gets semicoke;
(5) semicoke destructive distillation is heated to the described semicoke that is incubated more than 1050 ℃, gets red Jiao;
(6) high-pressure steam soaks and strokes quenching, with high-pressure steam described red Jiao is brushed, and is cooled to below 200 ℃ until red Jiao, gets formed coke.
In technique scheme, described noncaking coal or weakly caking coal are hard coal or coke powder.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has that cost is low, productivity is high, saves the caking coal resource, and formed coke intensity good, do not produce advantage such as coke powder; Make a concrete analysis of as follows:
1. owing to adopted the high temperature preheating operation, therefore can make that plasticity cohesiveness material in mixed coal powder thermally equivalent, the caking coal is fully separated out, ductile bed thickness increases, strengthened the cohesiveness of coke effectively, thereby the consumption of caking coal can be reduced to 20～30% from original 70～80%, save the caking coal resource, reduced the production cost of coke significantly; The high temperature preheating operation can also reduce sulphur content and the void content in the coke effectively, improved coking behavior, strengthen coke strenth and hardness, has improved coke quality.In addition, compare with the wet coal coking of traditional mechanical coke, the high temperature preheating operation also can make coking time shortening 20%～30%, bulk density increase 10%～15%, coke oven throughput improve 30%～50%, and the required less calories of the direct coking of the needed heat specific humidity of coking coal; Burnt base temperature reduced the heat energy that coke and raw gas are taken away when the coal dust thermally equivalent can reduce coke pushing; Simultaneously, coal dust stirs in the primary heater unit outside stove, all mixes the thermo-efficiency height that preheating specific humidity coal directly heats in coking chamber, has reduced the coking hear rate.Adopt the high temperature preheating operation, not only can remove moisture content in the coal dust, reduce the remained ammonia amount, and can also reduce distributing of flue dust in coke pushing operation and the quenching operating process, alleviate environmental pollution.
2. owing to adopted the layering heating to make the slush molding operation firm by ramming, the tap density of burnt base, the space of reducing the coal intergranular have been increased, therefore having reduced in the coking process is the quantity of filling the required plastic mass liquid product in space, has realized that more a spot of plastic mass forms the purpose than strong interfacial bond between the coal grain; In addition, after tap density increases, because the carbonizing gas that the ventilation property of burnt base is relatively poor, produce in the coking process is difficult for separating out, the plastic mass swelling pressure increase, coal grain pressurized jam-packed, therefore further strengthened the coal intergranular bonding force, improved the cohesiveness of coal dust, strengthened the intensity of coke, coke quality is greatly improved, remarkable in economical benefits; Simultaneously, also increase the consumption of non-adhesive or weak caking coal, thereby enlarged the coal blending scope, saved the caking coal resource effectively.
3. because burnt base has adopted hollow porous pie structure, therefore can form numerous high-temperature heat flux passage, increase the heating surface area of semicoke when destructive distillation effectively, thereby the destructive distillation time is foreshortened to＜40 minutes; Compare with traditional coking process, adopt with isometric coking chamber and produce formed coke, productivity of the present invention can improve more than ten times.In like manner, the burnt base of hollow vesicular structure can also form numerous heat dissipation channel, helps increasing area of dissipation, shortens the quenching time.In addition,, the formed coke finished product is not carried out fragmentation after the quenching, therefore realized zero coke powder production, avoided the unnecessary wasting of resources owing to directly the plasticity mixed coal powder is made into firm by ramming the specification formed coke of the required hollow cell texture of user.
4. owing to adopted semicoke heat expansion and crystallization constraint operation, therefore can prevent burnt base in carbonization process coal dust because of heat expansion and crystallization cause burnt base profile and hollow hole distortion, damage, help soaking and guaranteeing the unimpeded of hot-fluid or heat dissipation channel when stroking quenching carrying out destructive distillation or high-pressure steam.
5. stroke the quenching operation owing to adopted high-pressure steam to soak, water vapour and red Jiao react during quenching, the hydrogen and the CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas that generate can import the coke oven internal heating, therefore not only save energy, but also can not produce the quenching crackle, intensity height, the quality of coke are good; High-pressure steam soaks and strokes quenching not only thoroughly to have overcome conventional wet quenching water loss big, the defective that waste gas, waste water and contamination by dust are serious, and overcome the huge defective of conventional dry coke quenching auxiliary investment.
Embodiment: the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1
200 tons of hard coals that are equipped with thermal value 7000 card/grams, sulphur content 0.5%, moisture content 8%, ash 12% of caking coal of thermal value 7000 card/grams, fugitive constituent 16%, caking index 35%, sulphur content 0.5%, moisture content 8%, ash 12% are produced for 800 tons by the following method:
(1) the broken mixing, will mix after above hard coal and the caking coal fragmentation, get mixed coal powder; And the ash of guaranteeing this mixed coal powder is 12%, coal powder size is 3mm;
(2) high temperature preheating is sent into described mixed coal powder in 300 ℃～450 ℃ the heating unit and is stirred, all mixes, until the burnt matter layer thickness y value of this coal dust all 〉=8mm, must the plasticity mixed coal powder; Its objective is to make the mixed coal powder thermally equivalent that the plasticity cohesiveness material in the caking coal is fully separated out;
(3) slush molding is made in layering heating firm by ramming, to the described plasticity mixed coal powder of insulation carry out the layering heating, layering is made compacting firm by ramming and is made the burnt base of hollow porous pie; Make Heating temperature in the process firm by ramming and be thickness 5mm after 600 ℃, every layer coal dust made compacting firm by ramming, every layer of coal dust suffered make blow energy 〉=2.5 KJ (kilojoule) firm by ramming; Should be noted that: finish one deck plasticity mixed coal powder make moulding firm by ramming after, must treat that temperature rises to the 600 ℃ of moulding of making firm by ramming that can descend one deck plasticity mixed coal powder, its objective is the tap density that improves burnt base core, increase burnt base bulk strength;
(4) semicoke heat expansion and crystallization constraint places mould to be heated to 750 ℃ the described burnt base that is incubated, and treats coal dust crystallization curing and demolding, gets semicoke; In this process and since coal dust can because of heat expansion and crystallization cause burnt base profile and hollow hole distortion, damage, therefore need place mould to retrain burnt base;
(5) semicoke destructive distillation is heated to the described semicoke that is incubated more than 1050 ℃, gets red Jiao; In this process, should the hollow hole of each semicoke is aligned to form numerous high-temperature heat flux passages, increase the semicoke heating surface area thereby reach, the purpose of shorten the destructive distillation time, boosting productivity;
(6) high-pressure steam soaks and strokes quenching, with high-pressure steam described red Jiao is brushed, and is cooled to below 200 ℃ until red Jiao, gets formed coke; In this process, should each red Jiao's hollow hole is aligned to form numerous radiating airflow passages, amass the purpose of shorten the quenching time, boosting productivity thereby reach the red caustic hot side of increase.
Embodiment 2
220 tons of 780 tons of method productions of hard coal that are equipped with thermal value 7800 card/grams, sulphur content 0.45%, moisture content 8%, ash 11% of caking coal with thermal value 7800 card/grams, fugitive constituent 14%, caking index 30%, sulphur content 0.6%, moisture content 7%, ash 13% by embodiment 1; And guarantee in the operation (1) that the ash of mixed coal powder is 10%, coal powder size is 2mm.
Embodiment 3
300 tons of 700 tons of method productions of coke powder that are equipped with thermal value 7500 card/grams, sulphur content 0.3%, moisture content 3%, ash 8% of caking coal with thermal value 8000 card/grams, fugitive constituent 19%, caking index 36%, sulphur content 0.3%, moisture content 5%, ash 10% by embodiment 1; And guarantee in the operation (1) that the ash of mixed coal powder is 9%, coal powder size is 3mm.
Embodiment 4
280 tons of 720 tons of method productions of coke powder that are equipped with thermal value 7200 card/grams, sulphur content 0.55%, moisture content 7%, ash 11% of caking coal with thermal value 7000 card/grams, fugitive constituent 13%, caking index 35%, sulphur content 0.5%, moisture content 10%, ash 12% by embodiment 1; And guarantee in the operation (1) that the ash of mixed coal powder is 10%, coal powder size is 2.6mm.
Claims (3)
1. the production method of a hollow porous high-strength metallurgical formed coke is characterized in that by weight percent being that 70～80% the noncaking coal or the caking coal of weakly caking coal and 30～20% are made:
(1) the broken mixing, will mix after noncaking coal or weakly caking coal and the caking coal fragmentation, get mixed coal powder, and guarantee ash≤12%, the coal powder size≤3mm of this mixed coal powder;
(2) high temperature preheating is sent into described mixed coal powder in 300 ℃～450 ℃ the heating unit and is stirred, all mixes, until the burnt matter layer thickness y value of this coal dust all 〉=8mm, must the plasticity mixed coal powder;
(3) slush molding is made in layering heating firm by ramming, with the described plasticity mixed coal powder of insulation carry out the layering heating, layering is made compacting firm by ramming and is made the burnt base of hollow porous pie; Make Heating temperature in the process firm by ramming and be thickness≤5mm after 600 ℃, every layer coal dust made compacting firm by ramming, every layer of coal dust suffered make blow energy 〉=2.5 KJ (kilojoule) firm by ramming;
(4) semicoke heat expansion and crystallization constraint places mould to be heated to 750 ℃ the described burnt base that is incubated, and treats coal dust crystallization curing and demolding, gets semicoke;
(5) semicoke destructive distillation is heated to the described semicoke that is incubated more than 1050 ℃, gets red Jiao;
(6) high-pressure steam soaks and strokes quenching, with high-pressure steam described red Jiao is brushed, and is cooled to below 200 ℃ until red Jiao, gets formed coke.
2. the production method of hollow porous high-strength metallurgical formed coke according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described noncaking coal or weakly caking coal are hard coal.
3. the production method of hollow porous high-strength metallurgical formed coke according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described noncaking coal or weakly caking coal are coke powder.
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| CN102925183A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-02-13 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Hot tamping coke making method |
| CN104140831B (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-04-20 | 赵昱 | A kind of method of low-disintegration coal destructive distillation upgrading |
| CN104893746B (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2018-01-02 | 湖南华银能源技术有限公司 | The recycling system and recycling technique of a kind of semicoke heat |
| CN105754618B (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2018-09-28 | 沈阳环境科学研究院 | A kind of gas-phase chemical reduction method extinguishing technique method |
| CN109135783B (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2020-05-19 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation method of bio-based formed coke |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1613971A (en) * | 2003-09-11 | 2005-05-11 | 社团法人日本钢铁联盟 | Method for modifying and pre-treating coal as raw material for coke for blast furnace |
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| CN1613971A (en) * | 2003-09-11 | 2005-05-11 | 社团法人日本钢铁联盟 | Method for modifying and pre-treating coal as raw material for coke for blast furnace |
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