CN101225291B - 一种适用于-90℃~-100℃制冷温区的混合制冷剂 - Google Patents

一种适用于-90℃~-100℃制冷温区的混合制冷剂 Download PDF

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CN101225291B
CN101225291B CN2007103047813A CN200710304781A CN101225291B CN 101225291 B CN101225291 B CN 101225291B CN 2007103047813 A CN2007103047813 A CN 2007103047813A CN 200710304781 A CN200710304781 A CN 200710304781A CN 101225291 B CN101225291 B CN 101225291B
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mixed refrigerant
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CN101225291A (zh
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龙志刚
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Beijing Tiandi Precision Instrument Technology Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/006Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant containing more than one component

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种适用于-90℃~-100℃制冷温区的混合制冷剂。本制冷剂由乙烷、乙烯混和而成。摩尔百分比为:乙烷20~80%,乙烯20~80%。其制备方法是,将两种组元按照指定的配比在常温下进行物理混合,得到相应的混合制冷剂。本发明制冷剂ODP为零,并与矿物质压缩机润滑油具有良好的互溶性。适用于两级复叠制冷系统中的低温级,可以在制冷系统中产生-90℃~-100℃的超低温。

Description

一种适用于-90℃~-100℃制冷温区的混合制冷剂
技术领域
本发明属于制冷系统领域,涉及一种制冷剂,特别涉及一种适用于-90℃~-100℃制冷温区的混合制冷剂。
背景技术
随着社会和科学技术的发展,特别是近两年,通过两级复叠制冷温度在-70℃~-86℃的设备比较多,但制冷温度在-90℃~-100℃的设备却及其少见。两级复叠的基本原理是利用一个高温级制冷系统,其蒸发器用来冷却低温级制冷系统的冷凝器,以实现低温级的冷凝压力达到合理的水平(1.0~1.5MPa),从而获得较低的制冷温度。其中每一级均是一个独立的制冷循环。通常高温级一般采用R401、R404A、R22、R290等制冷剂,其蒸发温度在-30℃~-45℃之间。低温级通常采用R13、R508B、R23、R170等一个标准大气压下蒸发温度在-78℃~-90℃之间的制冷剂。所采用的压缩机的压缩比在为12以下。
而要达到-90℃~-100℃的低温,采用R13、R508B、R23、R170等制冷剂通常无法实现。如果采用R1150(乙烯),其在-40℃时的冷凝压力为1.45MPa,如果此时系统中的蒸发温度为-100℃,则蒸发压力为0.11MPa,压缩机此时的压缩比为13。实际情况下,高温级的蒸发器带负载时往往在-40℃以上,且热交换过程中有3~5℃温度差,低温级的冷凝压力远远超过1.45MPa,这样压缩机的压缩比往往要求达到14以上,通常的低温型压缩机也就无法承受了。所以,在使用两级复叠系统及普通低温型压缩机的情况下,在现有的常规的低温制冷剂中较难找到一种蒸发温度在-90℃~-100℃之间的制冷剂。要达到这个温度区域,要通过三级制冷系统、自动复叠制冷系统或其它方式来实现,成本将大大增加。
发明内容
本发明的目的是在于提供一种适用于-90℃~-100℃制冷温区的混合制冷剂,由乙烷(R170)和乙烯(R1150)在常温下进行物理混合,就可得到相应的混合工质。在两级复叠系统中采用普通低温型压缩机时,可以使系统蒸发温度达到-90℃~-100℃。该混合制冷剂在低温下与润滑油具有良好的互溶性,且ODP为零,在保证用户经济效益的前提下达到了环保要求。
一种适用于-90℃~-100℃制冷温区的混合制冷剂,该制冷剂由乙烷、乙烯混和而成,这些组份按其相应的配比在常温下进行物理混合,即可得该混合制冷剂。
该制冷剂含有按摩尔浓度计20%~80%的乙烷,20%~80%的乙烯。
本发明提出的一种适用于-90℃~-100℃制冷温区的混合制冷剂具有下述优点:
1、符合环保要求:本发明的超低温混合制冷剂的ODP(臭氧破坏系数)等于0,GWP值较低,符合相关环保标准中关于保护臭氧层,减少温室效应的要求。
2、适合常规低温型压缩机的运行工况要求。冷凝温度-40℃时冷凝压力1.0~1.2MPa,适合压缩比在12以下的压缩机使用。
3、低温下流动性好:乙烷(R170)、乙烯(R1150)两者都与矿物基润滑油有良好的互溶性,低温下流过毛细管、膨胀阀节流装置不会出现油凝固及蜡堵现象。
附图说明
图1为应用本发明一种适用于-90℃~-100℃制冷温区的混合制冷剂的装置图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
本发明属于适用于两级复叠制冷中的低温级的混合制冷剂。制冷方式采用图1的两级复叠式制冷方式。其中高温级采用德国DANFOSS SC18CL低温型压缩机,功率490W,压缩比均为12以下,制冷剂采用R404A,其蒸发温度为-46.4℃;低温级采用德国DANFOSS SC15B低温型压缩机,功率380W,压缩比均为12以下,制冷剂采用本发明所述制冷剂。负载是直径为40毫米,长380毫米的空心圆不锈钢棒。
其中,各组份的基本参数如表1所示:
                  表1乙烷、乙烯的基本参数
Figure S2007103047813D00021
机组运行30分钟后,棒体温度基本稳定,低温级通过冷凝的制冷剂温度为-40℃,低温级回气压力为一个标准大气压,测得低温级冷凝压力及蒸发温度。
实施案例1:取80mol%乙烷、20mol%乙烯,在常温下物理均匀混合后作为制冷剂。其冷凝压力为0.98Mpa,蒸发温度为-90.2℃。
实施案例2:取60mol%乙烷、40mol%乙烯,在常温下物理均匀混合后作为制冷剂。其冷凝压力为0.98Mpa,蒸发温度为-93.5℃。
实施案例3:取50mol%乙烷、50mol%乙烯,在常温下物理均匀混合后作为制冷剂。其冷凝压力为1.06Mpa,蒸发温度为-95.5℃。
实施案例4:取40mol%乙烷、60mol%乙烯,在常温下物理均匀混合后作为制冷剂。其冷凝压力为0.98Mpa,蒸发温度为-97.3℃。
实施案例5:取20mol%乙烷、80mol%乙烯,在常温下物理均匀混合后作为制冷剂。其冷凝压力为1.20Mpa,蒸发温度为-100.6℃。
从以上实施案例可以看出,在两级复叠式制冷系统中,低温级采用压缩比在12以下的压缩机,应用本发明的混合制冷剂运行时,其低温级系统的蒸发温度完全可达到-90℃~-100℃之间,而且所用的组份ODP(臭氧破坏系数)为0,可称为环保型制冷剂。

Claims (1)

1.一种适用于-90℃~-100℃制冷温区的混合制冷剂,其特征在于:该制冷剂由80mol乙烷和20mol乙烯在常温下进行物理混合,即可得该低温级混合制冷剂。
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CN105586009A (zh) * 2014-10-29 2016-05-18 张永康 一种适用于-75度~-105度制冷温区的不可燃混合制冷剂

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CN104449581B (zh) * 2014-11-20 2018-03-09 中国科学院理化技术研究所 一种两级复叠制冷低温级混合制冷剂
CN108036534B (zh) * 2017-12-05 2020-09-25 中科美菱低温科技股份有限公司 一种防冻结超低温制冷系统及其使用方法
CN114370715A (zh) * 2021-06-25 2022-04-19 青岛海尔生物医疗股份有限公司 一种双级自复叠制冷系统

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US4702819A (en) * 1986-12-22 1987-10-27 The M. W. Kellogg Company Process for separation of hydrocarbon mixtures
JP3934140B2 (ja) * 2002-12-03 2007-06-20 日本フリーザー株式会社 非共沸冷媒

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US3087310A (en) * 1959-12-11 1963-04-30 Linde Eismasch Ag Process for the production of acetylene-free ethylene
US4702819A (en) * 1986-12-22 1987-10-27 The M. W. Kellogg Company Process for separation of hydrocarbon mixtures
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105586009A (zh) * 2014-10-29 2016-05-18 张永康 一种适用于-75度~-105度制冷温区的不可燃混合制冷剂

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