CN101222879A - 多轴型连接系统 - Google Patents
多轴型连接系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
在本发明的一个实施方式中,提供一种为脊椎固定目的而相对于杆连接紧固件元件(例如椎弓根螺钉)的系统。该系统可允许紧固件元件和杆之间的多轴运动。进一步地,该系统可允许紧固件元件和待保持在所需方位上的杆之间的角关系。为了描述和主张本发明权利的目的,术语“杆”用来指任何长形结构。此种长形结构可为实心的或中空的,并且可具有任何所需的横截面(例如圆形、椭圆形、方形、矩形)。进一步地,为了描述和主张本发明权利的目的,术语“过盈配合”用来指两个或多个部件之间的物理接触。
Description
技术领域
在本发明的一个实施方式中,提供一种为脊椎固定目的而相对于杆连接紧固件元件(例如椎弓根螺钉)的系统。该系统可允许进行紧固件元件和杆之间的多轴运动。进一步地,该系统可允许紧固件元件和待保持在所需方位上的杆之间的角关系。
为了描述和主张本发明的权利,术语“杆”用来指任何长形结构。此种长形结构可为实心的或中空的,并且可具有任何所需的横截面(例如圆形、椭圆形、方形、矩形)。
进一步地,为了描述和主张本发明的权利,术语“过盈配合”用来指两个或多个部件之间的物理接触。
背景技术
已经提出为脊椎固定目的而将紧固件元件(例如椎弓根螺钉)连接到长形支撑件(例如杆)的各种系统。示例包括以下美国专利中所述的系统。
美国专利No.5,466,237涉及一种可变锁定稳定器锚接件底座和螺钉。更具体而言,该专利涉及一种为了脊柱内部固定而提供的用于稳定器杆的骨接合锚接件。锚接件具有底座,该底座容置稳定器杆并接收用于将底座固定到骨的接骨螺钉。压缩器构件与位于稳定器杆外部的底座配合,并可被上紧以在稳定器杆上产生压缩力。稳定器杆加载在接骨螺钉的圆形表面上,以在底座和接骨螺钉之间产生配合界面,随后,底座的位置相对于接骨螺钉可被锁定。
美国专利No.5,474,555涉及一种脊柱移植系统。更具体而言,该专利涉及一种用于脊柱内部固定的设备。该设备包括具有长形稳定器和至少两个锚接件的组件。各锚接件均具有将锚接件保持到骨的装置,并包括接收稳定器的接收装置,以及固定装置,该固定装置借助于配合螺纹的相互作用与接收装置配合以将稳定器上的压缩力应用到接收装置。
美国专利No.5,669,911涉及一种多轴型椎弓根螺钉。更具体而言,该专利涉及一种用于杆移植设备的多轴型矫形装置。该装置包括具有弯曲头部的螺钉、在螺钉附近设置的锁环、以及具有成线性锥形插口的接收构件,螺钉和锁环置于插口内。锁环被开槽并为锥形,并且具有半球形内部容积,螺钉头部初始以多轴方式保持于该内部容积内。接收构件具有形成于其内并用于接收杆的横向沟槽,以及在其底部具有线性锥形室的轴向孔。锁环被从顶部向下插入孔内以座置于室内,且随后将螺钉向上穿过孔底部并插入锁环。当锁环在室内被迫向下时,该室的线性锥度在锁环上提供径向向内的力。这种径向向内的力使得锁环挤坏锁而抵住螺钉的头部,以在其内给定的角位置处锁定这两个。将杆放置于横向沟槽内并抵住锁环的顶部,随后将杆向下锁定在沟槽内,这提供了反抗锁环的向下的力,并因此将螺钉锁定在其给定角位置处。
美国专利No.5,879,350涉及一种多轴型接骨螺钉组件。更具体而言,该专利涉及一种包括具有部分球形头部的接骨螺钉的多轴型接骨螺钉组件。该接骨螺钉头部在上表面处被截短,在该上表面内限定工具接收凹槽。该组件包括接收构件,接收构件包括中央孔,中央孔限定锥形凹槽以接收承载接骨螺钉头部的收缩夹头。该接收构件的孔也限定与凹槽连通并构造成在其内接收脊柱杆的沟槽。沟槽的一部分加工有螺纹,以接收杆上方的固定螺钉。该组件还包括设置于杆和接骨螺钉头部之间的收缩夹头。该夹头限定部分球形凹槽以接收接骨螺钉的头部,并包括基本上绕螺钉头部的可偏斜指型件。当固定螺钉被上紧到接收构件内时,固定螺钉使杆压靠住锁环,杆将锁环挤压进接收构件的锥形凹槽内,由此使锁环的指型件偏斜抵靠接骨螺钉头部。
美国专利No.6,063,090涉及一种用于将纵向支撑件连接到椎弓根螺钉的装置。更具体而言,该专利涉及一种用于由具有容纳纵向支撑件的沟槽的容纳头部将纵向支撑件连接到椎弓根螺钉的装置,其中可以自由地选择侧向敞开、顶部敞开或封闭容纳头部或侧向敞开与顶部敞开的组合。例如顶部敞开的容纳头部利于纵向支撑件的插入,而侧向开口能够进行侧向连接。椎弓根螺钉和容纳头部经由位于容纳头部内的圆锥形筒夹并由位于椎弓根螺钉上的球形头部连接。本发明容许在将椎弓根螺钉插入骨内之后,使椎弓根螺钉接合在容纳头部中。
美国专利No.6,582,436涉及一种用于将纵向支撑件连接到骨锚定器的装置。更具体而言,该专利涉及一种用于将纵向支撑件连接到具有圆形头部的骨锚定器的装置。该装置包括一本体,该本体限定用于接收骨锚定器的圆形头部的室以及用于接收纵向支撑件的第一沟槽。进一步地,第一套筒能够在本体上方滑动以用于压缩室,第二套筒能够在本体上方滑动以用于使纵向支撑件偏置抵靠第一套筒,且紧固件可操作性地联结到本体以用于朝第一套筒偏置第二套筒。由紧固件施加到第二套筒上的力传递到位于与中心轴线垂直的平面内的第一套筒。优选地,纵向支撑件在第一接触点或区域和第二接触点或区域接触第一套筒,并且这些套筒之一包括用于在至少一个附加接触点或区域处接触另一套筒的至少一个延伸部分。
美国专利No.6,660,004涉及一种多轴型接骨螺钉组件。更具体而言,该专利涉及一种底部加载式多轴型骨锚定设备。该设备包括接收器构件、冠状构件、骨锚定器以及保持构件。接收器构件限定上部开口和下部开口——其可形成同一开口的部分——沟槽以及凹槽。冠状构件和骨锚定器装载进接收器构件的下部开口内,且保持构件绕骨锚定器配合并配合入接收器构件内的凹槽内。骨锚定器能够相对于接收器构件进行多轴定位。将一长形构件放置进接收器构件的沟槽内,并接触冠状构件,且经由上部开口施加压缩构件。压缩构件向下压到长形构件上,长形构件向下压到冠状构件上并将骨锚定器锁定于冠状构件和保持构件之间。
美国专利No.6,740,086涉及一种螺钉和杆固定组件及设备。更具体而言,该专利涉及一种用于固定螺钉以及可选择性的杆的螺钉和杆固定组件。该螺钉和杆固定组件包括螺钉、固定机构、大致圆形环、杆座置机构以及锁定机构。该发明还提供一种用于固定螺钉的固定机构,其中该固定机构进一步包括具有夹持部和非夹持部的内表面壁。进一步地,该发明提供一种用于导引和将机械力和摩擦力施加到螺钉头部的大致圆形环。另外,该发明提供一种杆座置机构,该杆座置机构可操作性地接合螺钉头部,并包括能够被压靠到其内的杆的一部分上的至少一个挠性部。最后,该发明提供一种用于接合杆和杆座置机构的锁定机构。该锁定机构包括一种偏斜机构,当锁定机构进一步接合杆座置机构的至少一个挠性部时,该偏斜机构用于使杆座置机构的至少一个挠性部偏斜抵靠并环绕杆。
附图说明
图1示出依据本发明一实施方式的紧固件组件的分解立体图;
图2示出依据图1中实施方式的部分已组装的紧固件组件的截面图(为清楚起见,该图没有包括图1中的杆或压缩构件);
图3示出依据本发明另一实施方式的紧固件组件的分解立体图;
图4示出依据图3中实施方式的部分已组装的紧固件组件的截面图(为清楚起见,该图没有包括图3中的杆或压缩构件);
图5示出依据本发明又一实施方式的紧固件组件的侧视图;
图6示出依据本发明还一实施方式的紧固件组件的侧视图;
图7示出依据本发明实施方式的紧固件的侧视图;
图8A和图8B分别示出依据本发明一实施方式的偏移设计的主视图和立体图;
图9A和图9B分别示出依据本发明一实施方式的偏移设计的主视图和立体图;并且
图10A和图10B分别示出依据本发明一实施方式的偏移设计的主视图和立体图。
除以上所公开的益处和改进之外,结合附图可从下述描述中清楚本发明的其它目的和优点。这些附图组成该说明书的一部分,并包括本发明的示例性实施方式,以及例示本发明的各个目的和特征。
具体实施方式
本文公开本发明的详细实施方式;但是,可以理解,所公开的实施方式仅用于对本发明进行例示,且可以各种形式实施本发明。另外,在结合本发明各种实施方式所给出的每个示例仅用于示例性目的而非限制性目的。进一步地,附图不一定按比例绘出,其中为示出特定部件的细节而放大了一些特征。因此,本文所公开的具体结构和功能细节不应被解释为限制性的,而仅作为用于教示本领域技术人员的代表性基础以使其以各种方式利用本发明。
参见图1和图2,示出本发明的第一实施方式。如这些图所示,紧固件组件100可用于相对于病人的脊柱连接安装杆101(当然,一个或多个此种紧固件组件可与一个或多个杆一起使用)。更具体而言,紧固件组件100可包括紧固件103,紧固件103具有位于第一端部处的头部103A和位于第二端部处的骨连接元件103B(骨连接元件103B可适用于连接到脊柱上、连接到脊柱内和/或连接到脊柱)。进一步地,头部103A可包括位于其上的至少一个变形元件103C。
在一个示例(该示例用于示例而非限制)中,头部103A的至少一部分可为球形。在另一示例(该示例用于示例而非限制)中,紧固件103可为接骨螺钉,且骨连接元件103B可包括螺纹。在另一示例(该示例用于示例而非限制)中,紧固件103可为套管式接骨螺钉(参见图2的套管103D)。在另一示例(该示例用于示例而非限制)中,变形元件103C可基本上围绕套管103D(例如,套管103D从此处离开头部103A)。在另一示例(该示例用于示例而非限制)中,变形元件103C可为自头部103A突出的大体圆形环。在另一示例(该示例用于示例而非限制)中,变形元件103C(和/或紧固件103的任何其它部分(例如头部103A或整个紧固件103))可包含如下材料:(a)比形成杆101的材料软;(b)比形成杆101的材料硬;或者(c)与形成杆101的材料的硬度基本相同(例如,与形成杆101的材料相同的材料)。
仍旧参见图1和图2,可以看到紧固件组件100可包括本体105。本体105可具有第一端部和第二端部,其中用于接收杆101的杆接收沟槽105A设置地与本体105的第一端部相邻,紧固件头部接收室105B设置地与本体105的第二端部相邻(从这些图中可以看到,紧固件头部接收室105B可朝着本体105的第二端部为锥形,杆接收沟槽105A和紧固件头部接收室105B可操作性地连接(例如,本体105内的孔可连接杆接收沟槽105A和紧固件头部接收室105B))。
进一步地,紧固件组件100可包括保持环107。这种保持环107尺寸可以设置为当头部103A置于紧固件头部接收室105B内时,至少部分地绕头部103A配合。在一个示例(该示例用于示例而非限制)中,如图所示,保持环107可为“开口环”设计。
还进一步地,压缩元件109可与本体105配合,以在杆101置于杆接收沟槽105A内时,推动杆101与变形元件103C的至少一部分接触。杆101和变形元件103C之间的这种接触会使变形元件103C变形,同时朝紧固件头部接收室105B的锥形端部(即较窄端部)挤压头部103A。这种作用将用于固定紧固件103相对于杆101的角关系。
更具体而言,紧固件103相对于杆101的角关系可至少部分地固定,这归因于:(a)头部103A外表面的至少一部分和保持环107内表面的至少一部分之间的过盈配合(由径向压缩所引起的);(b)保持环107外表面的至少一部分和紧固件头部接收室105B内表面的至少一部分之间的过盈配合(由径向压缩所引起的);和/或(c)杆101外表面的至少一部分和变形元件103C之间的过盈配合。
在一个示例(该示例用于示例而非限制)中,压缩元件109可具有与本体105的互补螺纹配合的螺纹。在另一示例(该示例用于示例而非限制)中,压缩元件109可具有与本体105的互补内螺纹配合的外螺纹(例如,压缩元件109可为固定螺钉)。在另一示例(该示例用于示例而非限制)中,压缩元件109可具有与本体105的互补外螺纹配合的内螺纹(例如,压缩元件109可为螺母)。在另一示例(该示例用于示例而非限制)中,压缩元件109可具有用于接收来自驱动工具的扭矩的一个或多个凹坑、凸起和/或驱动面(参见,例如图1的凹型六角形特征)。
现在参见图1和图2所示的元件描述示例性安装程序。此种示例性安装程序可应用于本发明的紧固件组件的这个实施方式,当然也是仅用于示例而非限制。
更具体而言,首先可将导引线附接到脊柱的椎弓根(pedicle)。然后可将导引线的自由端部穿过紧固件103(经套管103D)。然后可将紧固件103(例如椎弓根螺钉)插入(例如拧入)脊柱的椎弓根。值得注意的是,此种椎弓根螺钉可自攻进在椎弓根内所钻的孔内,或者在椎弓根内所钻的孔可预先攻螺纹。进一步值得注意的是,可用任何所需工具(例如,施加扭矩通过杆接收沟槽105A和紧固件头部接收室105B的手或动力驱动器)将椎弓根螺钉驱动进孔内。
在一个示例(该示例用于示例而非限制)中,此种椎弓根螺钉可借助于扭矩施加工具驱动进骨内,所述扭矩驱动工具接合头部103A上的一个或多个凹坑、凸起和/或驱动面(参见,例如图1中的头部103A的四个凹陷部)。
在一个示例(该示例用于示例而非限制)中,紧固件103可单独地驱动进骨内。接下来,可将本体/保持环组件(例如,包括具有已设置在紧固件头部接收室105B内的保持环107的本体105)置于(或“卡合到”)紧固件103上。
在此方面,当随后将本体105推到头部103A上时,保持环107被推靠到紧固件头部接收室105B的后壁(参见图2的105C)上,并且保持环107自由地向外膨胀,使头部103A能够通过。一旦头部103A挤过保持环107的底部,头部103A就被捕获(因为当保持环107由头部103A朝紧固件头部接收室105B的锥形(即较窄的)端部向前拉动时,保持环107将没有膨胀的空间)。
接下来,可将杆101放置于杆接收沟槽105A内(并且杆101接触变形元件103C)。
最后,当将压缩元件109(例如固定螺钉)拧进本体105时,压缩元件109将部件夹紧在固定位置(亦即,压缩元件109将杆101推靠到变形元件103C上(并且依据杆101、变形元件103C和头部103A的尺寸和形状,推靠到头部103A的一部分))。值得注意的是,在该夹紧过程中,变形元件103C变形(例如,以形成与杆101引起变形的部分互补的表面),且其结果是改善了锁定效果(例如,杆101和紧固件103之间的角关系)。进一步值得注意的是,变形元件103C被认为是可特别用于能够固定地锁定套管式紧固件,例如套管式椎弓根螺钉(套管(不使用依据本发明的变形元件)被认为(例如,由于杆的圆形横截面))易于使抵靠杆而锁定的多轴调整能力受到损失。
在另一示例(该示例用于示例而非限制)中,不是单独地驱动紧固件103进入骨,然后将本体/保持环组件放置于其上,而是如上所述地可将紧固件103捕获于本体/保持环组件内,然后可将整个本体/保持环/紧固件组件附接到骨(例如,通过使用诸如手或动力驱动器来驱动椎弓根螺钉穿过设置于杆接收沟槽105A和紧固件头部接收室105B之间的本体105内的孔)。
现在参见图3和图4,示出本发明的另一实施方式。这种实施方式与图1和图2所示出的实施方式相似,在此方面,相同元件将用相同参考标号标识(此类相似元件将不再进行详细描述)。值得注意的是,图3和图4中的实施方式与图1和图2中的实施方式之间的主要不同之处在于,在这种实施方式中,紧固件组件200不使用保持环107。
更具体而言,紧固件组件200又可相对于病人的脊柱连接安装杆101(当然,一个或多个紧固件组件可与一个或多个杆一起使用)。进一步地,紧固件组件200可包括紧固件103(具有头部103A、骨连接元件103B和至少一个变形元件103C)。
仍旧参见图3和图4,可以看到紧固件组件200可进一步包括本体105’(本体105’可具有第一端部和第二端部,其中用于接收杆101的杆接收沟槽105A’设置地与本体105’的第一端部相邻,紧固件头部接收室105B’设置地与本体105’的第二端部相邻)。从这些图中可以看到,紧固件头部接收室105B’可朝着本体105’的第二端部为锥形,并且可设置穿过本体105’的孔以连接杆接收沟槽105A’和紧固件头部接收室105B’。
值得注意的是,紧固件头部接收室105B’的锥形(即较窄的)端部可制造得足够小,以阻止头部103A从此处通过(而杆接收沟槽105A’和本体105’内的、将杆接收沟槽105A’连接到紧固件头部接收室105B’的孔可制造得足够大,以容许头部103A从此处通过)。
在此方面,通过将紧固件103插入穿过本体105’从而使得头部103A搁置在紧固件头部接收室105B’内(参见图4)的方式,可安装紧固件组件200。然后可如上所述地(例如,可使用导引线来导引紧固件103,并且或者可将自攻式接骨螺钉驱动进骨内的孔内,或者可在骨内设置预攻式孔)将紧固件103插入(例如,插入脊柱的椎弓根内)。
最后,当杆101设置于杆接收沟槽105A’内时,压缩元件109可与本体105’配合以推动杆101使其接触变形元件103C的至少一部分,从而使变形元件103C变形,同时朝紧固件头部接收室105B’的锥形端部(即较窄端部)挤压头部103A。这个动作将固定紧固件103相对于杆101的角位置(紧固件103相对于杆101的角位置可被至少部分地固定,这归因于:(a:)(由径向压缩所引起的)头部103A外表面的至少一部分和紧固件头部接收室105B’内表面的至少一部分之间的过盈配合;和/或(b)杆101外表面的至少一部分和变形元件103C之间的过盈配合)。
现在参见图5和图6,示出紧固件组件本体的两个其它实施方式。在此方面,值得注意的是,图1和图2的本体105具有用于接收杆101的面向上部的杆接收沟槽105A。类似地,图3和图4的本体105’具有用于接收杆101的面向上部的杆接收沟槽105A’。与此对比,从图5中可以看到,本体500包括用于接收杆101的面向侧部的杆接收沟槽501(杆101、紧固件103、压缩元件109和保持环107以虚线示出,并基本上与上述详细描述过的元件相同)。进一步地,可从图6中看到,本体600包括用于接收杆101的“隧道型”杆接收沟槽601(杆101、紧固件103、压缩元件109和保持环107以虚线示出,并基本上与上述详细描述过的元件相同)。值得注意的是,这些图5和图6中的实施方式可如上所述地实施(例如,本体可包括锥形室,该锥形室利于其内所设置的部件之间进行过盈配合)。
现在参见图7,示出用于本发明的紧固件的另一实施方式。值得注意的是,虽然在此处示出紧固件700作为接骨螺钉,但其它类型的骨附接机构当然亦可利用(例如端部上具有钩的轴)。无论如何,可以看到,在这种实施方式中提供底切部701(例如,通过使接骨螺钉头部的底部(参见701A)变平坦和/或通过使接骨螺钉的轴的一部分(参见701B)变窄,形成底切部701)。通过利用此种底切部701,紧固件700可在紧固件700自紧固件组件本体延伸的区域内提供增加的间隙(其中,此种增加的间隙可转化成使紧固件700相对于紧固件本体和/或杆可获得的最大角增加)。
现在参见图8A和图8B,可以看到的是,这些图分别示出依据本发明一实施方式的偏移设计的主视图和立体图。在这些图8A和图8B的示例(该示例用于示例而非限制)中,本体805包括位于紧固件头部接收室805B和杆接收室805A之间的侧向偏移(例如,8mm的侧向偏移)。进一步地,杆接收室805A与竖直方向(和从穿过紧固件头部接收室805B设置的竖直轴线)成角度(例如50度)。值得注意的是,此种偏移设计可以与关于本文所公开的非偏移设计(例如本体105)所描述的方式相似的方式使用(例如,第一压缩元件,譬如固定螺钉(在这些图8A和图8B中未示出),可用于相对于本体固定杆(在这些图8A和图8B中未示出);和第二压缩元件,例如固定螺钉(在这些图8A和图8B中未示出),也可用于相对于本体固定接骨螺钉(在这些图8A和图8B中未示出))。
现在参见图9A和图9B,可以看到,这些图分别示出依据本发明一实施方式的偏移设计的主视图和立体图。在这些图9A和图9B中的示例(该示例用于示例而非限制)中,本体905包括位于紧固件头部接收室905B和杆接收沟槽905A之间的侧向偏移(例如,11mm的侧向偏移)。进一步地,杆接收室905A与竖直方向(和从穿过紧固件头部接收室905B设置的竖直轴线)成角度(例如25度)。值得注意的是,此种偏移设计可以与关于本文所公开的非偏移设计(例如本体105)所描述的方式相似的方式使用(例如,第一压缩元件,譬如固定螺钉(在这些图9A和图9B中未示出),可用于相对于本体固定杆(在图9A和图9B中未示出这些);和第二压缩元件,例如固定螺钉(在这些图9A和图9B中未示出),也可用于相对于本体固定接骨螺钉(在这些图9A和图9B中未示出))。
现在参见图10A和图10B,可以看到,这些图分别示出依据本发明一实施方式的偏移设计的主视图和立体图。在该图10A和图10B中的示例(该示例用于示例而非限制)中,本体1005包括位于紧固件头部接收室1005B和杆接收沟槽1005A之间的侧向偏移(例如,14mm的侧向偏移)。进一步地,杆接收室1005A与竖直方向(和从穿过紧固件头部接收室1005B设置的竖直轴线)成角度(例如15度)。值得注意的是,此种偏移设计可以与关于本文所公开的非偏移设计(例如本体105)所描述的方式相似的方式使用(例如,第一压缩元件,譬如固定螺钉(在这些图10A和图10B中未示出),可用于相对于本体固定杆(在这些图10A和图10B中未示出);和第二压缩元件,例如固定螺钉(在这些图10A和图10B中未示出),也可用于相对于本体固定接骨螺钉(在这些图10A和图10B中未示出))。
值得注意的是,偏移设计可以利用或可以不利用具有变形元件的螺钉。例如,可以利用具有变形元件的螺钉,从而使得与该螺钉相接合的压缩元件下压到变形元件上并使变形元件变形。在另一示例中,可以利用具有变形元件的螺钉,使得与该螺钉相接合的压缩元件下压到螺钉头本身上,但压缩元件包括与螺钉头相邻并与变形元件对准的室,从而使得变形元件并不变形。在另一示例中,螺钉头可以根本不设有变形元件。
进一步值得注意的是,偏移设计可使固定系统的组装变得容易(例如,当医生连接脊柱杆时,通过给医生提供侧向偏移/成角度的选择)。
在另一实施方式(可应用于偏移或非偏移设计)中,本体可(在相对于接骨螺钉固定之前):(a)在接骨螺钉的头部上绕接骨螺钉的纵向轴线沿周向能够旋转;和/或(b)具有所需程度的角自由度(例如,从接骨螺钉的纵向轴线偏离26度(或从一侧到另一侧相距52度))。
尽管已描述了本发明的多个实施方式,但可以理解的是,这些实施方式仅用于示例而非限制,且本领域技术人员明白可进行很多种修改。例如,本发明可放置在任何所需高度的脊柱处。进一步地,本发明可用于后侧脊柱杆移植。还进一步地,本发明所提供的可控成角位置可位于任何所需数量的平面内。又进一步地,杆可沿轴向固定并可旋转地固定。还进一步地,本文中所述的任何元件都可设置成任何所需的尺寸(例如,本文中所述的任何元件都可设置成任何所需的常规尺寸,或者本文中所述的任何元件都可设置成选自小型、中型和大型尺寸“族”中的任何所需尺寸。为给出更具体的示例(该示例用于示例而非限制),接骨螺钉可设置成所需的螺距、螺纹外径、轴外径、轴外径和螺纹外径之比和/或长度,且本体元件可设置成任何所需的内径、外径、侧向偏移、角和/或长度。又进一步地,压缩元件可具有在施加了所需量的扭矩后,用于与压缩元件的已安装部分分离的“断开”特征。还进一步地,紧固件组件的一个或多个部件可由下列材料中的任一种制成:(a)任何生物相容材料(该生物相容材料可依据医生需要,经过处理以允许骨长入或阻止骨长入);(b)塑料;(c)纤维;(d)聚合物;(e)金属(例如钛之类的纯金属;和/或诸如Ti-Al-Nb、Ti-6Al-4V、不锈钢之类的合金);(f)及其任意组合。还进一步地,例如在微创手术过程中使用经套管导引紧固件的导引线可能是有效的。又进一步地,接骨螺钉可适用于置于松质骨内。还进一步地,紧固件可以不使用螺纹,而是使用钩附接到骨。又进一步地,紧固件头部的外表面、杆的外表面、保持环的外表面、保持环的内表面和/或本体的内表面(例如,在上述部件之间的任何界面之区域处)可具有用于增加界面处摩擦的一个或多个特征。例如,任何一种前述部件可具有:毛面或经过处理的表面(例如经喷砂或滚花)、带螺纹表面、带槽表面、带棱表面、具有凸起的表面和/或具有凹坑的表面。还进一步地,变形元件可依据下列条件变形:(a)用于变形元件的材料;(b)用于杆的材料;(c)用于压缩元件的材料;(d)杆在杆接触变形元件的区域内的几何形状;(e)变形元件的几何形状;(f)压缩元件在压缩元件接触变形元件处的几何形状;(g)由杆施加到变形元件的载荷的方向;(h)由压缩元件施加到变形元件的载荷的方向;(i)由杆施加到变形元件的载荷量;和/或(j)由压缩元件施加到变形元件的载荷量。又进一步地,每个杆可以使用最少两个紧固件组件(例如为稳定目的)。还进一步地,任何类型和数量的特征可用来与安装工具接合(参见,例如设置于装置本体的外表面上的孔——这些孔可与安装工具的相应的可伸缩销配合)。又进一步地,本文中所述的任何步骤可以任何所需顺序实施(以及可添加另外的所需步骤和/或任何所需的已删除步骤)。
Claims (24)
1.一种脊柱固定系统,包括:
至少一个杆;
在第一端部具有头部的至少一个螺钉,其中所述螺钉具有与其相关的纵向轴线;以及
至少一个本体,所述杆和所述螺钉附接到所述本体;
其中所述本体包括螺钉头部接收室,所述螺钉头部接收室沿所述螺钉的纵向轴线接收螺钉,并且容纳所述螺钉的头部;
其中所述本体包括接收所述杆的杆接收沟槽;
其中所述螺钉头部接收室和所述杆接收沟槽彼此侧向偏移;并且
其中所述杆接收沟槽相对于所述螺钉头部接收室成角度。
2.如权利要求1所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述螺钉头部接收室和所述杆接收沟槽彼此侧向偏移约8mm到约14mm之间的距离。
3.如权利要求2所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述螺钉头部接收室和所述杆接收沟槽彼此侧向偏移约8mm的距离。
4.如权利要求2所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述螺钉头部接收室和所述杆接收沟槽彼此侧向偏移约11mm的距离。
5.如权利要求2所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述螺钉头部接收室和所述杆接收沟槽彼此侧向偏移约14mm的距离。
6.如权利要求1所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述螺钉头部接收室为锥形。
7.如权利要求6所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述螺钉头部接收室沿着与其内所接收的所述螺钉的纵向轴线基本平行的螺钉头部接收室轴线呈锥形。
8.如权利要求1所述的脊柱固定系统,进一步包括压缩元件,所述压缩元件与所述本体配合以将所述杆附接到所述本体。
9.如权利要求8所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述压缩元件包括固定螺钉,所述固定螺钉与所述杆接收沟槽附带的螺纹接合。
10.如权利要求1所述的脊柱固定系统,进一步包括压缩元件,所述压缩元件与所述本体配合以将所述螺钉附接到本体。
11.如权利要求10所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述压缩元件包括固定螺钉,所述固定螺钉与所述螺钉头部接收室附带的螺纹接合。
12.如权利要求11所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述压缩元件朝所述螺钉头部接收室的锥形端部挤压所述螺钉的头部,以固定所述螺钉相对于所述本体和相对于接收于所述杆接收沟槽内的所述杆的角关系。
13.如权利要求12所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述螺钉相对于所述本体和相对于接收于所述杆接收沟槽内的所述杆的角关系至少部分地固定,这归因于:(a)所述螺钉头部的外表面的至少一部分和所述螺钉头部接收室的内表面的至少一部分之间的过盈配合;和(b)所述螺钉头部的外表面的至少一部分和所述压缩元件之间的过盈配合。
14.如权利要求12所述的脊柱固定系统,进一步包括保持环,所述保持环尺寸设置为在所述螺钉的头部置于所述螺钉头部接收室内时至少部分地绕所述螺钉的头部配合。
15.如权利要求14所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述螺钉相对于所述本体和相对于接收于所述杆接收沟槽内的所述杆的角关系至少部分地固定,这归因于:(a)所述螺钉头部的外表面的至少一部分和所述保持环的内表面的至少一部分之间的过盈配合;(b)所述保持环的外表面的至少一部分和所述螺钉头部接收室的内表面的至少一部分之间的过盈配合;和(c)所述螺钉头部的外表面的至少一部分和所述压缩元件之间的过盈配合。
16.如权利要求1所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述螺钉是接骨螺钉。
17.如权利要求16所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述接骨螺钉构造成拧进脊柱的椎弓根部分。
18.如权利要求16所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述接骨螺钉是套管式接骨螺钉。
19.如权利要求1所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述杆接收沟槽构造成容许插入穿过其中的工具将扭矩施加到所述螺钉。
20.如权利要求19所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述螺钉的头部包括用于接收来自所述工具的扭矩的至少一个扭矩接收特征。
21.如权利要求20所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述扭矩接收特征选自包括(a)至少一个凹坑;(b)至少一个凸起;和(c)至少一个驱动面的组。
22.如权利要求1所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述杆具有基本圆形的横截面。
23.如权利要求1所述的脊柱固定系统,其中所述螺钉的头部至少部分地为球形。
24.一种脊柱固定系统,包括:
至少一个杆;
在第一端部处具有头部的至少一个接骨螺钉,其中所述接骨螺钉具有与其相关的纵向轴线;
至少一个本体,所述杆和所述接骨螺钉附接到所述本体;
第一压缩元件,其与所述本体配合以将所述杆附接到本体;以及
第二压缩元件,其与所述本体配合以将所述接骨螺钉附接到本体;
其中所述本体包括螺钉头部接收室,所述螺钉头部接收室沿所述接骨螺钉的纵向轴线接收接骨螺钉,并容纳所述接骨螺钉的头部,其中所述螺钉头部接收室沿与其内所接收的所述接骨螺钉的纵向轴线基本平行的螺钉头部接收室轴线呈锥形;
其中所述本体包括接收所述杆的杆接收沟槽;
其中所述第一压缩元件包括固定螺钉,所述固定螺钉与所述杆接收沟槽附带的螺纹接合;
其中所述第二压缩元件包括固定螺钉,所述固定螺钉与所述螺钉头部接收室附带的螺纹接合,且其中所述第二压缩元件朝所述螺钉头部接收室的锥形端部挤压所述接骨螺钉的头部,以固定所述接骨螺钉相对于所述本体和相对于接收于所述杆接收沟槽内的所述杆的角关系;
其中所述螺钉头部接收室和所述杆接收沟槽彼此侧向偏移;
其中所述杆接收沟槽相对于所述螺钉头部接收室成角度;
其中所述螺钉头部接收室和所述杆接收沟槽彼此侧向偏移约8mm到约14mm之间的距离;
其中所述接骨螺钉构造成拧进脊柱的椎弓根部分;以及
其中所述接骨螺钉的头部至少部分地为球形。
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- 2006-03-24 MX MX2007011810A patent/MX2007011810A/es unknown
- 2006-03-24 CA CA002601948A patent/CA2601948A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-03-24 US US11/388,666 patent/US8062339B2/en active Active
- 2006-03-24 CN CNA2006800096489A patent/CN101222879A/zh active Pending
- 2006-03-24 KR KR1020077024477A patent/KR20080031155A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-03-24 WO PCT/US2006/010738 patent/WO2006104874A2/en active Application Filing
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- 2006-03-24 EP EP06739490A patent/EP1871302A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-03-24 AU AU2006229952A patent/AU2006229952B2/en not_active Ceased
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EP1871302A4 (en) | 2012-05-02 |
AU2006229952B2 (en) | 2009-04-23 |
JP4976371B2 (ja) | 2012-07-18 |
BRPI0608131A2 (pt) | 2011-05-24 |
WO2006104874A3 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
AU2006229952A1 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
CA2601948A1 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
EP1871302A2 (en) | 2008-01-02 |
WO2006104874A2 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
JP2008534075A (ja) | 2008-08-28 |
KR20080031155A (ko) | 2008-04-08 |
US8062339B2 (en) | 2011-11-22 |
MX2007011810A (es) | 2007-12-06 |
US20060235392A1 (en) | 2006-10-19 |
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