CN101220741B - 孔深度检测 - Google Patents
孔深度检测 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101220741B CN101220741B CN2007101608940A CN200710160894A CN101220741B CN 101220741 B CN101220741 B CN 101220741B CN 2007101608940 A CN2007101608940 A CN 2007101608940A CN 200710160894 A CN200710160894 A CN 200710160894A CN 101220741 B CN101220741 B CN 101220741B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/04—Measuring depth or liquid level
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
一种检测和传输孔深度信息的方法,包括步骤:当钻孔进行时,在地面处监控孔的延伸,确定孔深度何时延伸预定距离,并向遥测装置传送增量信号。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种钻孔(borehole)的深度的检测,该钻孔形成在地层(formation)中。
背景技术
所公知的是,在钻孔的形成中使用可操纵的钻孔系统以便允许对钻孔方向进行控制,因此对钻孔延伸的方向进行控制。通过对可操纵的钻孔系统进行适当的控制,钻孔能够沿大致预定的设计路线被钻出。
当在钻孔中形成曲线或折线(dog leg)时,曲线的弯曲程度或锐度通常以“度数/100英尺(degrees/100 ft)”的单位来表示,所使用的可操纵的钻孔系统被设计成用于实现当钻孔延伸时使钻孔与它在前的中心线的偏转。
为了控制这种可操纵的钻孔系统的操作,知道钻孔的深度、并能够把该深度信息传输给可操纵的钻孔系统的控制系统是很重要的。在过去,通过在地面连续地测量绝对孔深、并把该信息传输到可操纵的钻孔系统的井下元件。以这种方式,孔深度信息的规律或连续的传输耗光了有效数据传输容量的重要部分,所以是不期望的。
发明内容
根据本发明,提供一种检测和传输孔深度信息的方法,包括步骤:当钻孔进行时,在地面处监控孔的延伸;确定孔深度何时延伸预定距离;和向遥测装置传送增量信号。
使用该系统,传输容量仅当确定孔深度已经增加预定距离时才周期性地被使用,例如增加0.5m。
遥测装置可使用一范围的技术来将增量信号传输到井底工具,例如通过钻孔流体压力或流速的调制、施加的钻头重载的变化或施加的转矩的变化来把增量信号传输到井底工具。
可通过在地面处监控钻杆进入钻孔的导入来监控孔的延伸。
附图说明
下面将参考附图、通过实例来进一步说明本发明。
图1是实现本发明的深度检测布置的钻孔系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
参考图1,其示例地显示了一种钻孔系统,该钻孔系统包括井底组件(bottom hole assembly),该井底组件包括钻头10,钻头10连接到可操纵的钻孔系统的偏置单元(bias unit)12。井下电机(downhole motor)或地面定位电机(surface located motor)被用于旋转钻头10,同时钻头重载(weight-on-bit loading)被施加到钻头上以便使钻头凿削、刮擦、磨削或移除地层材料,从而延伸形成的钻孔14的长度。
偏置单元12具有关联的控制单元16,控制单元16使用来自传感器(例如关于钻孔14的方位和倾度的传感器、关于偏置单元12的方向的传感器)的信息和与形成钻孔的期望路径相关的信息来控制偏置单元12。在钻孔期间钻孔14延伸时,控制单元16被钻绳(drill string)携带,钻绳构成钻杆(drill pipe)18的部分,该钻杆18的部分以端-端结构彼此固定并插入钻孔14顶部。如果假设钻头10在钻孔14底部处,那么利用井底组件的尺寸的知识和已经使用的钻杆部分的长度和数量的知识,能够计算钻孔的长度。
为了控制偏置单元12的操作,控制单元16需要表示钻孔14的深度或长度的信息,或至少表示钻孔时的长度或深度的变化的信息。为了提供该信息,通过地面定位传感器22来监控钻杆的长度和钻杆的增加速率,当钻杆的长度每增加预定量时,产生增量信号(increment signal)。例如,当钻杆的长度每增加0.5m时,可以产生增量信号。该增量信号输入到地面上的遥测传送装置20,在本实施例中,遥测传送装置20被布置成每当它从传感器22接收到增量信号时将相似的增量信号传输给控制单元16。尽管图示位于地面上,但是遥测传送装置20能够位于其它地方。
可使用一些不同的技术来把信号从传送装置20输送到控制单元16。例如,可用钻孔流体压力的调制、钻孔流体流速或流量的变化或调制、施加的钻头重载的变化或施加的转矩的变化来传输。然而,可以理解的是,可使用其它传输技术。在每个情况中,控制单元16被设置有传感器,该传感器对被用于传输信号的参数敏感。
在使用中,每当控制单元16接收到表示已经增加预定增量的钻杆长度的信号时,控制单元16能够知道钻杆的位置已经变化预定增量,并计算操纵钻孔的新方向。使用该新计算的方向,控制单元16连续控制偏置单元12的操作。
显然,仅当在产生信号时井底组件位于钻孔的底部时,该增量信号才有意义,而不是与钻孔的底部分离开时。因此,方便地,井底组件集成一个或多个传感器,该一个或多个传感器被布置成输出表示井底组件是否实际上位于钻孔14的底部的信号,并且在钻孔之前,这些传感器的输出信号被供应到控制单元16。
当钻杆增加新长度时,通常井底组件将从钻孔14的底部提起。由于这在增量信号的传输间经常发生,并且钻杆可伸长,因此增量信号间可能存在一些差异,在钻孔中断前传输的终了增量信号与钻孔重新开始后接收到开始信号之间的实际钻孔距离可能不等于预定增加距离。尽管这会使控制单元16短时间内丧失以期望方式精确地控制钻孔的能力,但是一旦在接收到钻孔重新开始后的第二个增量信号时,就可实现正确的控制。进一步地,即使在短时间内增量信号可能会提供不正确的深度信息,可使用检测的方位和倾斜度数据来推断实际孔深度。
如上所述,本发明的一个重要优点是仅需间歇地向控制单元传输深度信息,而不是连续地,因此分配给深度信息传输的数据传输容量被显著地减小。
可以理解的是,在不脱离本发明的保护范围的情况下,可对前述布置进行大范围的修改和变化。
Claims (6)
1.一种检测和传输孔深度信息的方法,包括步骤:当钻孔进行时,在地面处监控孔的延伸;确定孔深度何时延伸预定距离;和向遥测装置传送增量信号。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述预定距离为0.5m。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中遥测装置被布置成通过钻孔流体压力或流速的调制、施加的钻头重载的变化或施加的转矩的变化来把增量信号传输到井底工具。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其中井底工具被布置成一旦接收到增量信号就计算新的钻孔轨迹。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中通过在地面处监控钻杆进入钻孔的导入来监控孔的延伸。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中还包括适用于检测井底组件是否位于钻孔的底部的传感器。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0701237.0 | 2007-01-04 | ||
GB0701237A GB2445358B (en) | 2007-01-04 | 2007-01-04 | Hole depth sensing |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN101220741A CN101220741A (zh) | 2008-07-16 |
CN101220741B true CN101220741B (zh) | 2012-11-28 |
Family
ID=37846792
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN2007101608940A Expired - Fee Related CN101220741B (zh) | 2007-01-04 | 2007-12-27 | 孔深度检测 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7916041B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101220741B (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2616892C (zh) |
GB (1) | GB2445358B (zh) |
NO (1) | NO20080032L (zh) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010115777A2 (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-10-14 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Method and steering assembly for drilling a borehole in an earth formation |
US9109402B1 (en) | 2014-10-09 | 2015-08-18 | Tercel Ip Ltd. | Steering assembly for directional drilling of a wellbore |
CN109854190B (zh) * | 2019-04-23 | 2024-02-13 | 安徽理工大学 | 用于液压进给结构钻机的钻孔自动计长装置的使用方法 |
US11867051B2 (en) | 2020-02-20 | 2024-01-09 | Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc | Incremental downhole depth methods and systems |
Citations (4)
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EP0422706A2 (en) * | 1989-10-04 | 1991-04-17 | Anadrill International SA | System and method for monitoring drill bit depth |
CN1252118A (zh) * | 1997-04-09 | 2000-05-03 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 井下监控的方法和装置 |
CN1657739A (zh) * | 2004-02-16 | 2005-08-24 | 中国石油勘探开发研究院钻井工艺研究所 | 一种井底深度与井眼轨迹自动跟踪方法及装置 |
CN2799860Y (zh) * | 2005-05-26 | 2006-07-26 | 长沙中联重工科技发展股份有限公司 | 旋挖钻机钻头深度检测装置 |
Family Cites Families (13)
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FR2278908A1 (fr) * | 1974-01-23 | 1976-02-13 | Schlumberger Prospection | Procedes et dispositifs pour determiner l'avancement d'un forage |
US4616321A (en) * | 1979-08-29 | 1986-10-07 | Chan Yun T | Drilling rig monitoring system |
US4512186A (en) * | 1983-04-27 | 1985-04-23 | Location Sample Service, Inc. | Drill rate and gas monitoring system |
US5419405A (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1995-05-30 | Patton Consulting | System for controlled drilling of boreholes along planned profile |
US5107705A (en) * | 1990-03-30 | 1992-04-28 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Video system and method for determining and monitoring the depth of a bottomhole assembly within a wellbore |
US5469916A (en) * | 1994-03-17 | 1995-11-28 | Conoco Inc. | System for depth measurement in a wellbore using composite coiled tubing |
DE59609594D1 (de) * | 1996-06-07 | 2002-10-02 | Baker Hughes Inc | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur unterirdischen Erfassung der Teufe einer Bohrung |
US6631563B2 (en) * | 1997-02-07 | 2003-10-14 | James Brosnahan | Survey apparatus and methods for directional wellbore surveying |
AU3640899A (en) * | 1998-04-14 | 1999-11-01 | Bechtel Bwxt Idaho, Llc | Methods and computer executable instructions for marking a downhole elongate line and detecting same |
US7096979B2 (en) * | 2003-05-10 | 2006-08-29 | Noble Drilling Services Inc. | Continuous on-bottom directional drilling method and system |
US7283910B2 (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2007-10-16 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Incremental depth measurement for real-time calculation of dip and azimuth |
ATE438786T1 (de) * | 2005-08-23 | 2009-08-15 | Charles Machine Works | System zum verfolgen und instandhalten eines horizontalen gefällebohrlochs |
US8122954B2 (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2012-02-28 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Downhole depth computation methods and related system |
-
2007
- 2007-01-04 GB GB0701237A patent/GB2445358B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-12-19 US US11/959,645 patent/US7916041B2/en active Active
- 2007-12-27 CN CN2007101608940A patent/CN101220741B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-01-02 CA CA2616892A patent/CA2616892C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-01-03 NO NO20080032A patent/NO20080032L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0422706A2 (en) * | 1989-10-04 | 1991-04-17 | Anadrill International SA | System and method for monitoring drill bit depth |
CN1252118A (zh) * | 1997-04-09 | 2000-05-03 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 井下监控的方法和装置 |
CN1657739A (zh) * | 2004-02-16 | 2005-08-24 | 中国石油勘探开发研究院钻井工艺研究所 | 一种井底深度与井眼轨迹自动跟踪方法及装置 |
CN2799860Y (zh) * | 2005-05-26 | 2006-07-26 | 长沙中联重工科技发展股份有限公司 | 旋挖钻机钻头深度检测装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2445358A (en) | 2008-07-09 |
CA2616892C (en) | 2012-02-21 |
GB0701237D0 (en) | 2007-02-28 |
GB2445358B (en) | 2011-04-13 |
CA2616892A1 (en) | 2008-07-04 |
NO20080032L (no) | 2008-07-07 |
CN101220741A (zh) | 2008-07-16 |
US7916041B2 (en) | 2011-03-29 |
US20080165026A1 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
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