CN101217044B - Phase amplitude conversion method and device adaptable for volume hologram memory - Google Patents
Phase amplitude conversion method and device adaptable for volume hologram memory Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and an apparatus suitable for the conversion of phase amplitude of a volume holographic memory. The invention is easy to operate, capable of rectifying phase shifting errors and reference light inclination errors and based on the phase-shifting interferometer. The technique proposal adopted comprises the following steps of: uploading a data-page to a spatial light modulator; conducting holographic recording, interfering on a spectral plane via a Fourier lens and reference wave by object wave, and placing the interference fringe on the photo polymer for recording, thereby forming a volume holographic grating; conducting holographic reading; converting phase-amplitude, separating a coherent plane wave from a light source which arrives at the image plane directly and interferes with the reconstructed object light wave on the CCD surface without passing the optical paths of the holographic recording and the holographic recording and collecting the interference pattern by a CCD camera, and then uniformly changing the phase of the plane wave through a phase shift device, and interfering the plane wave with the object light wave again to form a second interference pattern. The original phase information can be obtained from the two interference patterns through phase shift recovery algorithm. The invention also provides the apparatus applicable for the volume holographic memory to realize the conversion of phase- amplitude.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of phase amplitude conversion method and device that is applicable to volume hologram memory, can be used for the recovery of volume hologram memory phase modulation data, belong to the optical information processing field.
Background technology
The type of the spatial light modulator (SLM) that uses according to volume hologram memory, the general dual mode that adopts of the data input of volume hologram memory: Modulation and Amplitude Modulation and phase modulation (PM).Modulation and Amplitude Modulation promptly utilizes transmission-type or reflective spatial light modulator that the amplitude of thing light wave is modulated, and loads input information and goes to the amplitude of thing light wave.Phase modulation (PM) promptly utilizes transmission-type or reflective spatial light modulator that the phase place of thing light wave is modulated, and loads the phase place of input information to the thing light wave.
Traditional volume hologram memory uses Modulation and Amplitude Modulation, the HDSS disc type storage system of developing in 2000 as body hologram memory system DEMONI and DEMON II, the Stanford Univ USA of IBM development.Because volume hologram memory requires to have very high memory capacity, generally all adopts 4-f Fourier Tranform optical texture, is recorded in Fu Liye spectrum face and carries out, as shown in Figure 1.Amplitude-modulated thing light wave has different intensity, and the intensity that is difficult to regulate the light wave of reference light reaches best interference effect.More seriously, amplitude-modulated thing light wave can produce extremely strong center spot at the Fu Liye of volume hologram memory spectrum face, and analog result and Experiments of Optics result see accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3 respectively.Accompanying drawing 2 left figure are Fourier Tranforms of the thing light wave of random amplitude modulation, and right figure then is the Fourier Tranform of the thing light wave of random phase modulation, and there is an extremely strong peak value at left as can be seen figure center, and right figure is steady relatively.Accompanying drawing 3 left figure are optics Fourier Tranforms of the thing light wave of random amplitude modulation, and right figure then is the Fourier Tranform of the optics thing light wave of random phase modulation, obviously finds out, can eliminate amplitude-modulated center spot by phase modulation (PM).This phenomenon is the intrinsic property of Fourier Tranform optical system, the zero-frequency and the low frequency part of the spatial frequency of center spot representative input light wave, and this hot spot is inoperative for holographic recording and reproduction, and can a large amount of dynamic ranges that consume storage medium.For overcoming this defective, the researcher proposes a lot of countermeasures, places a random phase template as the surface in spatial light modulator, or blocks center spot at optical element of Fu Liye spectrum face placement.But these methods not only need extra equipment, and poor effect.Comparatively speaking, phase modulation (PM) has remarkable advantages.The thing light wave of phase modulation (PM) is uniformly on intensity, interferes with reference wave to reach interferogram preferably.And, behind Fourier Tranform, on the spectrum face, there is not extremely strong center spot, as shown in Figure 3.Can effectively utilize the dynamic range of storage medium like this, improve the storage density of volume hologram memory.
Yet the input mode of phase modulation (PM) can bring data holographic to read inconvenience in the process.CCD or cmos detector can only detected intensities, can not the direct detection phase place.For this reason, must carry out phase place-amplitude conversion could survey.Existing phase place-amplitude conversion method mainly contains: real-time interferometric method; The re-expose interferometric method; Coaxial interferometric method.In real time interferometric method promptly in reading process thing light wave and reference light shine simultaneously, reference light irradiation recording materials reproduce the thing light wave of record, and the thing light wave does not load any information through the Blank Space photomodulator.The thing light wave reaches the conversion of phase place to amplitude through the thing optical interference of coming out with reproduction behind the recording materials.This method is because the two-beam ripple through different light paths, needs accurate optical instrument and higher reseting precision.The re-expose rule is an information and the width of cloth blank page in the same position record phase modulation (PM) of recording materials.Just two bundle thing light waves can be reproduced with a branch of reference wave, thereby carry out phase place-amplitude conversion.The shortcoming of this method is apparent, owing to want extra storage one width of cloth blank page to be used for phase place-amplitude conversion, the dynamic range of material will consume half, the corresponding reduction of the storage density of volume hologram memory.Coaxial interferometric method utilizes center spot on the spectrum face as reference light cleverly, with the thing optical interference of reproducing, reaches the purpose of phase place-amplitude conversion.But this method requires stronger center spot is arranged as reference light, and deviates from the requirement of eliminating spectrum face center spot raising volume hologram memory density.In addition, these methods also have a common problem: the light beam that is used for phase place-amplitude conversion all passes through recording materials, and recording materials are all had certain consumption.These phase amplitude conversion methods are not suitable for volume hologram memory strictly speaking.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of phase amplitude conversion method that is used for volume hologram memory and device based on the phase shift interference method.At the structure of reference light in the previous method through recording materials, the present invention introduces three beams light wave without recording materials as reference wave, light path for fear of precision is regulated, introduce the phase shift interference method, from the multi-frame interferometry figure of record, extract former phase information, and can correct reference wave phase displacement error and reference wave droop error.Although this method needs the phase place-amplitude conversion in the data read process, this process is only carried out phase place-amplitude conversion in reconstruction of hologram process, can not influence recording process, has improved the storage density of system.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: be applicable to the phase amplitude conversion method of volume hologram memory, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
The first step uploads to spatial light modulator with data page.Since phase modulation (PM) with respect to the amplitude adjustment have eliminate center spot, spectrum face evenly, be convenient to improve advantage such as volume hologram memory density, so the use phase type spatial light modulator carries out phase modulation (PM) to the thing light wave.
Second step, holographic recording.The thing light wave is interfered on the spectrum face through preceding Fourier Tranform lens and reference wave, and interference fringe is placed on the photopolymer stores record on the 4-f system spectrum face, organizator holographic grating.
In the 3rd step, holography is read.Import and read in the process, we only shine the thing light wave that recording materials reproduce phase modulation (PM) with reference wave with shutter shelter light wave, again the image planes of warp Fourier Tranform lens arrival later 4-f system.A ccd video camera is placed on image planes, is used for data read.Because the data input process adopts phase modulation (PM), directly the image of gathering will abandon phase information, have uniform intensity.
The 4th step, phase place-amplitude conversion.Tell a branch of coherent plane wave from light source, without the light path of holographic recording and holographic reading section, the thing light wave that directly arrives image planes and reproduction is interfered on the CCD surface.Interferogram is gathered by ccd video camera, obtains first width of cloth interferogram.Evenly change the phase place of this a branch of plane wave then by phase changer, obtain second width of cloth interferogram with the thing optical interference once more.
By the phase shift recovery algorithms, we promptly calculate the original phase information of thing light wave from two width of cloth interferograms.This phase shift recovery algorithms is simple and easy to do, and for phase displacement error and reference light droop error good rectification ability is arranged all.Be highly suitable for volume hologram memory.
Specifically as follows:
If two width of cloth interferograms of gathering are respectively I
1I
2, then both are expressed as:
AA wherein
rFor the thing light wave with reference to wave amplitude, (x y) is the phase place of thing light wave to a, and b is the phase place of reference wave, and c is a phase-shift phase.From two formulas, draw,
Wherein,
For the phase-shift phase c in the following formula is the situation of π, handle especially:
(x y) is the result of phase amplitude conversion, just Cun Chu data page to a.
In the volume hologram memory use of reality, also comprise pre-treatment step and post-processing step.Pre-treatment step: the raw data that will store is encoded and is formed the 2-D data page or leaf, and combination of pixels on the data page page or distribution occur with a series of fixed modes.The same with Modulation and Amplitude Modulation, in order to guarantee lessly in the holographic memory to crosstalk and obtain the high reconstructing hologram of signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), raw data is encoded.The principle of coding is for the combination of pixels on the page or in addition certain restriction that distributes, and promptly only allows some fixing pattern to occur, and forbids that other patterns occur.If for example in the neighbours territory of one 1 pixel, occur 1 pixel again, will be easy to form and disturb, so forbid this pattern; Equally, in eight neighborhoods of 1 pixel, forbid occurring more than one 1 pixel.
Post-processing step: binary conversion treatment is converted into binary map to the gray-scale map that is obtained by the phase shift recovery algorithms.
Realize the above-mentioned device that is applicable to the phase amplitude conversion method of volume hologram memory, it is characterized in that by laser instrument, light beam filtering collimator apparatus, polarization splitting prism, Amici prism, catoptron, the front and back Fourier Tranform lens of 4-f system, the reference path collector lens, diaphragm, phase shift generating apparatus, photopolymer material CD, reflective phase type spatial light modulator, ccd detector and computing machine are formed, behind the microcobjective pin hole filtering collimation lens collimation of the monochromatic line plane of polarization ripple that described laser instrument sends through light beam filtering collimator apparatus, reflected one road light beam as phase place-amplitude commutating optical beam by first polarization splitting prism, light beam after the transmission is divided into thing light wave and reference light wave by second polarization splitting prism again, the thing light wave shines reflective phase type spatial light modulator through the 3rd polarization splitting prism, thing light wave after the phase modulation (PM) is through the surface of preceding Fourier Tranform lens focus to photopolymer material CD, reference wave shines the surface and the thing optical interference of photopolymer material CD via catoptron and described reference path collector lens through diaphragm, interference optical field is by the photopolymer stores record, when holography is read, close the thing light wave, only open reference light wave, reference light wave shines the surface of photopolymer material CD, the reproduction thing light wave that diffraction is handled is through the surface of the ccd detector of Fourier Tranform lens arrival later, meanwhile, commutating optical beam is via described catoptron, diaphragm, phase shift generating apparatus, catoptron, Amici prism, arrive the surface and reproduction thing light wave of ccd detector, realized the conversion of phase place-amplitude, ccd detector be used to control the computing machine that input and output and interferogram handle and link to each other.
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the simple principle figure of volume hologram memory in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the simulated experiment comparison diagram of Modulation and Amplitude Modulation and phase modulation (PM);
Fig. 3 is the Experiments of Optics comparison diagram of Modulation and Amplitude Modulation and phase modulation (PM);
Fig. 4 is phase place-amplitude conversion equipment index path in the volume hologram memory of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the phase information sign indicating number figure of input;
The image of Fig. 6 example one;
The image of Fig. 7 example two.
Symbol description: 400 is laser instrument; 401 is light beam filtering collimator apparatus; 402,403,404 is polarization splitting prism; 405 is Amici prism; 406,407,408,409 is catoptron; 410 is the preceding Fourier Tranform lens of 4-f service system; 411 is the back Fourier Tranform lens of 4-f system; 412 is the reference path collector lens; 413,414 is diaphragm; 415 is phase shift generating apparatus; 416 is photopolymer material CD; 417 is reflective phase type spatial light modulator; 418 is ccd detector; 419 computing machines for control input and output and interferogram processing.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail below in conjunction with two specific embodiments and accompanying drawing specific implementation process phase place-amplitude conversion method in the volume hologram memory and device.
Embodiment 1:
Present embodiment is one and imports the example that carries out the conversion of phase place-amplitude under the situation of uncoded bianry image to being applied in volume hologram memory.The image example black and white grid as shown in Figure 5 of input, the grid size is 16 pixels, promptly 211.2 microns.
Present embodiment is as follows to the process of phase place-amplitude conversion:
1, input picture uploads on the phase type spatial light modulator.The spatial light modulator that uses is Model LDP-0983-HS1LightCaster as the reflection-type ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator of U.S. Displaytech company, model, resolution 1280 * 768 pixels, 13.2 microns of pixel sizes, packing ratio 90%.This spatial light modulator was Modulation and Amplitude Modulation originally, when us along the relative incident polarization sheet of optical axis with its rotation 22.5 degree, just can realize the two-value phase modulation (PM), promptly output phase is 0 and π.
2, holographic recording.Open thing light wave and reference light, allow both on the Fu Liye of volume hologram memory spectrum face, interfere, by photopolymer material disc record.The model of the U.S. DCE Aprilis company that uses in this example is the kation ring-opening polymerization polymer material of HMD-120-G-1206-D-400.400 microns of thickness.
3, holography is read.Close the thing light wave, only open reference wave irradiation storage medium.The thing light wave that reveals again propagates into image planes through the back Fourier Tranform lens of volume hologram memory.
4, gather first width of cloth interferogram.The coherent plane wave of drawing from light source (below abbreviate as: transformed wave) directly propagate into image planes, with the thing optical interference of revealing again, the ccd video camera that is placed on image planes collects first width of cloth interferogram (shown in the accompanying drawing 6.a).
5, gather second width of cloth interferogram.By the phase place of phase changer change transformed wave, once more with the thing optical interference of revealing again, ccd video camera collects second width of cloth interferogram (shown in the accompanying drawing 6.b).
6, second width of cloth interferogram subtracts first width of cloth interferogram, again divided by the thing light wave with reference to half sine value of wave amplitude and phase-shift phase, then obtain inverse sine and add half of reference wave initial phase and phase-shift phase, promptly obtain the phase diagram of thing light wave, shown in accompanying drawing 6.c.
7, binary conversion treatment.Because the system noise of volume hologram memory is inevitable, calculating to thing phase of light wave figure and imperfect.In addition, because the interferogram that CCD gathers has 256 rank gray levels, the gained phase diagram also has 256 rank gray levels.Can eliminate noise on the phase diagram by medium filtering, thresholding can draw binary map, shown in accompanying drawing 6.d.Because use 4-f optical transform system architecture in the volume hologram memory, the image planes phase diagram that obtains is the phase place of input face.
Embodiment 2:
Present embodiment is one and imports the example that carries out the conversion of phase place-amplitude under the situation of uncoded bianry image to being applied in volume hologram memory.The image of input is the black and white grid of accompanying drawing 6 for example, and the grid size is 8 pixels, promptly 105.6 microns.
Present embodiment is as follows to the process of phase place-amplitude conversion:
1, input picture uploads on the phase type spatial light modulator.Identical with a last example, the white grid on the input figure is modulated to phase place π, and black box is modulated to phase place 0.
2, holographic recording.Open thing light wave and reference light, allow both on the Fu Liye of volume hologram memory spectrum face, interfere, by photopolymer material disc record.
3, holography is read.Close the thing light wave, only open reference wave irradiation storage medium.The thing light wave that reveals again propagates into image planes through the back Fourier Tranform lens of volume hologram memory.
4, gather first width of cloth interferogram.Transformed wave directly propagates into image planes, and with the thing optical interference of revealing again, the ccd video camera that is placed on image planes collects first width of cloth interferogram (shown in the accompanying drawing 7.a).
5, gather second width of cloth interferogram.By the phase place of phase changer change transformed wave, once more with the thing optical interference of revealing again, ccd video camera collects second width of cloth interferogram (shown in the accompanying drawing 7.b).
6, second width of cloth interferogram subtracts first width of cloth interferogram, again divided by the thing light wave with reference to half sine value of wave amplitude and phase-shift phase, then obtain inverse sine and add half of reference wave initial phase and phase-shift phase, promptly obtain the phase diagram of thing light wave, shown in accompanying drawing 7.c.
7, binary conversion treatment.Can eliminate noise on the phase diagram by medium filtering, thresholding can draw binary map, shown in accompanying drawing 7.d.Because use 4-f optical transform system architecture in the volume hologram memory, the image planes phase diagram that obtains is the phase place of input face.
Embodiment 3: as shown in Figure 4,400 is laser instrument; 401 is light beam filtering collimator apparatus; 402,403,404 is polarization splitting prism; 405 is Amici prism; 406,407,408,409 is catoptron; 410 is the preceding Fourier Tranform lens of 4-f service system; 411 is the back Fourier Tranform lens of 4-f system; 412 is the reference path collector lens; 413,414 is diaphragm; 415 is phase shift generating apparatus; 416 is photopolymer material CD; 417 is reflective phase type spatial light modulator; 418 is ccd detector; 419 computing machines for control input and output and interferogram processing.
The monochromatic line plane of polarization ripple that laser instrument (400) sends is polarized Amici prism (402) and reflects one road light beam as phase place-amplitude commutating optical beam after collimating through microcobjective pin hole (401) filtering collimation lens (401).Light beam after the transmission is polarized Amici prism (403) again and is divided into thing light wave and reference light wave, the thing light wave shines reflective phase type spatial light modulator (417) through polarization splitting prism (404), and the thing light wave after the phase modulation (PM) focuses on the surface of photopolymer material CD (416) through preceding Fourier Tranform lens (410).Reference wave reflects surface and the thing optical interference that scioptics (412) shine photopolymer material CD (416) through diaphragm (413) via catoptron (408) and (409), and interference optical field is by the photopolymer stores record.When holography is read, close the thing light wave, only open reference light wave.Reference light wave shines the surface of photopolymer material CD (416), and the reproduction thing light wave warp that diffraction is handled is the surface of Fourier Tranform lens (411) arrival ccd detectors (418) later.Meanwhile, commutating optical beam arrives the surface and reproduction thing light wave of ccd detector (418) via catoptron (406) diaphragm (414) phase shift generating apparatus (415) catoptron (407) Amici prism (405), has realized phase place-amplitude conversion.Ccd detector be used to control the computing machine (419) that input and output and interferogram handle and link to each other.
Though the present invention has provided two embodiment, be not in order to limit the present invention.Any person skilled in this area, without departing from the scope of the invention, results that can obtain being similar to all.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with the claim restricted portion that is proposed.
Claims (4)
1. be applicable to the phase amplitude conversion method of volume hologram memory, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
---data page is uploaded to phase type spatial light modulator;
---holographic recording, the thing light wave is interfered on the spectrum face through preceding Fourier Tranform lens and reference wave, and interference fringe is placed on the photopolymer stores record on the 4-f system spectrum face, organizator holographic grating;
---holography is read, and imports and reads in the process, with shutter shelter light wave, only reproduces the thing light wave of phase modulation (PM) with reference wave irradiation recording materials, again the image planes of warp Fourier Tranform lens arrival later 4-f system; A ccd video camera is placed on image planes, is used for data read;
---phase place-amplitude conversion, tell a branch of coherent plane wave from light source, the thing light wave that directly arrives image planes and reproduction is interfered on the CCD surface, and interferogram is gathered by ccd video camera, obtains first width of cloth interferogram; Evenly change the phase place of this a branch of plane wave then by phase changer, obtain second width of cloth interferogram with the thing optical interference once more;
---by the phase shift recovery algorithms promptly calculates the original phase information of thing light wave from two width of cloth interferograms, concrete computing formula is that two width of cloth interferograms of establishing collection are respectively I
1I
2, then both are expressed as:
AA wherein
rFor the thing light wave with reference to wave amplitude, (x y) is the phase place of thing light wave to a, and b is the phase place of reference wave, and c is a phase-shift phase.From two formulas, draw,
Wherein,
In the following formula, phase-shift phase c ≠ π, for the situation of c=π, do special processing:
(x y) is the result of phase amplitude conversion, just Cun Chu data page to a.
2. the phase amplitude conversion method that is applicable to volume hologram memory according to claim 1, it is characterized in that also comprising the following steps: pre-treatment step, the raw data that will store is encoded and is formed the 2-D data page or leaf, and combination of pixels on the data page page or distribution occur with a series of fixed modes.
3. the phase amplitude conversion method that is applicable to volume hologram memory according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that also comprising the following steps: binary conversion treatment, and the gray-scale map that is obtained by the phase shift recovery algorithms is converted into binary map.
4. realize the described device that is applicable to the phase amplitude conversion method of volume hologram memory of above-mentioned each claim, it is characterized in that by laser instrument, light beam filtering collimator apparatus, first polarization splitting prism, second polarization splitting prism, the 3rd polarization splitting prism, Amici prism, first catoptron, second catoptron, the 3rd catoptron, the 4th catoptron, the front and back Fourier Tranform lens of 4-f system, the reference path collector lens, first diaphragm, second diaphragm, phase shift generating apparatus, photopolymer material CD, reflective phase type spatial light modulator, ccd detector and computing machine are formed, behind the microcobjective pin hole filtering collimation lens collimation of the monochromatic line plane of polarization ripple that described laser instrument sends through light beam filtering collimator apparatus, reflected one road light beam as phase place-amplitude commutating optical beam by first polarization splitting prism, light beam after the transmission is divided into thing light wave and reference light wave by second polarization splitting prism again, the thing light wave shines reflective phase type spatial light modulator through the 3rd polarization splitting prism, thing light wave after the phase modulation (PM) is through the surface of preceding Fourier Tranform lens focus to photopolymer material CD, reference wave through first diaphragm via first catoptron, second catoptron and described reference path collector lens shine the surface and the thing optical interference of photopolymer material CD, interference optical field is by the photopolymer stores record, when holography is read, close the thing light wave, reference light wave shines the surface of photopolymer material CD, the reproduction thing light wave of diffraction is through the surface of the ccd detector of Fourier Tranform lens arrival later, meanwhile, commutating optical beam is via described the 3rd catoptron, second diaphragm, phase shift generating apparatus, the 4th catoptron, Amici prism, arrive the surface and reproduction thing light wave of ccd detector, realized the conversion of phase place-amplitude, ccd detector be used to control the computing machine that input and output and interferogram handle and link to each other.
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| CN102298245B (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2013-06-19 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Aerial camera focusing system |
| CN107976888B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2020-05-19 | 苏州大学 | Computer-generated holographic three-dimensional display method and system capable of representing occlusion relation of reconstructed image |
| CN113031421A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2021-06-25 | 深圳大学 | Phase information training set generation method and device, terminal equipment and storage medium |
| CN111562089B (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2022-05-20 | 西安工业大学 | Detection method for transmission phase of micro-optical element |
| US20210364987A1 (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2021-11-25 | Facebook Technologies, Llc | System and method for holographic wave-front printing |
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