CN101215820A - Tensile and compressive member of assembled structure and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Tensile and compressive member of assembled structure and its manufacturing method, the tensile member comprises an elongated hollow cylindrical pipe fitting, in the inner cavity of the elongated hollow cylindrical pipe fitting, there is an axially extending from one end of the pipe fitting to the other reinforced ribs, and prestress is applied to the ribs; the inner cavity of the tube is filled with concrete that tightly wraps the ribs; concrete. The invention also includes a method for making the tensile and compressive member. The tensile and compressive components of the present invention have high tensile and compressive strength, are not easily fatigued and damaged when subjected to wind loads and vibrations, and are not easy to sag. service life of the bridge.

Description

Tensile and compressive member of assembled structure and manufacturing method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a tensile and compressive member of an assembled structure and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to a tensile and compressive member applied to bridge assembly and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background technique

Humans have used many types of bridges to cross streams, rivers, canyons, and more for hundreds of years. Currently, there are three basic types of bridges that are mainly put into use - girder bridges, suspension bridges and arch bridges. Girder bridges are considered to be girder bridges and are simply supported on a series of supports. The cables used in suspension bridges are in tension and exert tension on the piers or supports at their ends. Arch compression members are applied to arch bridges, and the piers at the end are extrapolated. Arch bridge designs are similar to other designs, but both compression and tension members are present in the structure. In addition, these three basic types of bridges, after being changed or combined, can form different architectural designs. One variant of this is the cable-stayed bridge. Currently, this bridge is very popular in Japan and Europe. The girders of the cable-stayed bridge extend between erected concrete towers. The towers are erected vertically upward from the passing deck and are used to support a number of spaced apart cables. One end of the cable is fixed to the tower, and the opposite end is fixed to the bridge deck, thus exerting a certain supporting force on the bridge deck.

The cables currently used in cable-stayed bridges are composed of steel strands covered with a thin protective coating and a known prestress is applied to the cables. Currently used cables are reported to be prone to fatigue failure due to vibrations induced by wind and traffic loads. In addition, cables under gravity loads tend to sag.

Furthermore, in fabricated structures, especially bridges, the building materials are mostly chosen between steel and concrete. Concrete is typically the cheapest material available and has very good compressive strength properties. Steel, on the other hand, is more expensive than concrete, but has greater tensile strength. Because of these properties, concrete is typically a compressive member, while steel is typically a tensile member. The disadvantage of concrete is its low tensile strength, which justifies the necessity of supplementing concrete with reinforcing elements, especially steel elements. Therefore, reinforced concrete has been used in bridges since the end of the 19th century.

Another method of reinforcing concrete is to stretch the reinforcing members before the concrete is placed in order to increase the tensile strength of the concrete. The tensile force and the reinforced member have a certain correlation, and the concrete member has a precompressive stress corresponding to the equilibrium tensile force. Reinforced concrete members have an increased ability to resist tension until the applied external force exceeds the value of the prestress. Therefore, the application of prestressed reinforcement members can enhance the tensile strength of concrete. However, in fabricated structures such as bridges, it is still necessary to further enhance the tensile strength of concrete members while considering economical factors.

Although the existing concrete members have good compressive strength, it is still necessary to find a compressive member with better compressive strength performance than concrete alone for many buildings, especially bridges.

Contents of the invention

The first object of the present invention is to provide a tensile member for bridge assembly structure with higher tensile strength, less prone to fatigue damage and less likely to sag when subjected to wind load and vibration, and its manufacturing method.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a compression member with higher compressive strength.

The first object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: it includes an elongated hollow cylindrical pipe, in which there is a reinforcing rib extending from one end of the pipe to the other end in the axial direction , and prestress is applied to the reinforcing rib; the inner cavity of the pipe fitting is poured with concrete that tightly wraps the reinforcing rib. Due to the concrete-encased pipes in this element, it is beneficial to maintain the tensile forces applied to the stiffeners. When the tensile force of the rib is released, the tensile member will be in compression.

The concrete is hardened in the inner cavity of the pipe fitting to ensure good adhesion to the pipe wall and reinforcement. In this way, the tensile stress applied to the rib can be maintained.

The function of the pipe wall is to protect the concrete and limit the lateral expansion and deformation of the concrete.

The concrete in the pipe should not extend out of the pipe.

The pipe fittings are preferably steel pipes, and may also be other metal pipes or non-metal pipes, such as fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) pipes; the fibers used in the FRP may be carbon fibers, aramid fibers or glass fibers.

The reinforcing bars may be steel bars, or bars made of other metal materials or composite materials such as fiber-reinforced plastics.

The second object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: it comprises a slender arched hollow cylindrical pipe, and the inner cavity of the pipe is poured with concrete.

The concrete of the present invention is outsourced by steel or by other materials applicable to the bridge construction industry. It mainly utilizes high-strength prestressed ribs and a pipe body with high tensile strength.

The manufacturing method of the tensile member of the assembly structure of the present invention comprises the following steps:

(1) providing a hollow preformed and predetermined length elongated tubular member forming the outermost portion of the tensile and compressive member;

(2) Axially arranging a reinforcing rib in the elongated pipe, the reinforcing rib has a terminal end capable of exerting a reaction force, the purpose of which is to make the reinforcing rib axially extend in the elongated pipe;

(3) applying a pulling force to the end of the reinforcing rib;

(4) pour concrete into the pipe fittings until it tightly covers all the reinforcing ribs;

(5) Ensure that the concrete is hardened in the pipe fittings, and ensure that it has a good bond with the inner wall of the pipe fittings and the reinforcement;

(6) Release the tensile force at the end of the reinforcement to maintain the tension of the reinforcement under the action of concrete; when the tension is released, cut off the end of the reinforcement.

The tensile and compressive components of the present invention have high tensile and compressive strength, are not easily fatigued and damaged when subjected to wind loads and vibrations, and are not easy to sag. service life of the bridge.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view that has applied the arch bridge of tensile and compression member of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a 2-2 line cross-sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the part circled by circle 3 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the 4-4 cross section of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the front view of the pipe fitting that has not been poured into concrete (wherein part is a longitudinal section);

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a tensile member similar to Fig. 5, showing a cable passing through the member pipe and the tension application method of the cable;

Fig. 7 is a 7-7 cross-sectional view of Fig. 6;

Figure 8 is a schematic view similar to Figure 6 (but with concrete added to the lumen of the pipe fitting);

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram similar to Fig. 8 (but concrete is full of pipe lumen);

Fig. 10 is a 10-10 cross-sectional view of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of another kind of structural form that can be used by tensile members;

Fig. 12 is a partial front view of the cable-stayed bridge applying the tensile member of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a partially enlarged view of the part circled by circle 13 in Fig. 1;

FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged view of the portion encircled by circle 14 in FIG. 1 .

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Referring to Figure 1, the tensile and compression members making up an arch bridge 10 employ the basic principles of the present invention. Comprised of the bridge 10 are a pair of arched compression members 12, and a pair of elongated spaced parallel tensile members 14. The compression member 12 and the tensile member 14 are continuous bodies connected in series by shorter members. The tails of the compression member 12 and the tensile member 14 are anchored to the pier 16 .

It can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 3 that the compression member 12 and the tensile member 14 are connected through a coupling device 18 . The coupling device 18 has a pair of couplings 20 , one of which is fixed to the tensile member 14 and the other is fixed to the compression member 12 . More specifically, each link 20 has a pair of arched brackets 22 joined together by a hinge 26 . Additionally, the threaded inner surface 28 of the arched bracket 22 may engage the threaded outer surface 30 of the compression member 12 and the tensile member 14 . Arched brackets 22 are in abutting relationship with the outer surfaces of the compression member 12 and the tensile member 14 . As shown in FIG. 4 , the side wings 24 are coordinated with the reinforcing panels 32 . The lower end of the reinforcing plate 32 has penetrable holes corresponding to the penetrable holes 34 of the flanks 24 . The arch bracket 22 is connected with the compression member 12 and the tensile member 14 through the protective bolts, the penetrable hole 34 , and the penetrable hole at the lower end of the reinforcing plate 32 . Under the fixing of the bolt 36, the arched bracket 22 will not be disengaged. Since the threaded inner surface 28 is connected to the threaded outer surface 30 , the arched bracket 22 will not be axially displaced along the direction of the compression member 12 and the tensile member 14 .

The reinforcing plate 32 has a pair of penetrable holes, and the coupling head 38 extends through the pair of holes to connect with the reinforcing plate 32 . More specifically, coupling head 38 has a pair of elongated, spaced-apart arms 40 . The penetrable hole 42 of the arm portion 40 is matched with the upper hole of the reinforcing plate 32 , and the connector 44 penetrates through the two holes to connect the coupling head 38 and the reinforcing plate 32 . The connector 44 can be a pin, or other connection means, such as a rivet. Connector 38 is secured to cable 46, which is typically a multi-strand cable and covered with a protective material, such as epoxy.

Arch brackets 22 , reinforcement plates 32 and joints 38 are used for connection of compression members 12 and tension members 14 . In an equally effective manner, the C-clamps 48 are located in penetrable holes in the flanks 24 . The shape of the groove 50 of the clamp 48 corresponds to the shape of the cable. Clamp 48 is rigid for clamping arched bracket 22 adjacent to threaded outer surface 30 of compression member 12 and tension member 14 . In use, the cable 46 passes through the penetrable hole 34 and rests on the groove 50 . The connecting means 18 thus connects the compression member 12 and the tensile member 14 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , parallel spaced apart cross members 52 are spread between tensile members 14 . The cross members 52 and the compression members 12 form a triangle in cross section, the compression members 12 being joined together at the apex of the arch. Cross members 52 are disposed adjacent to each attachment means 18 along tensile members 14, the attachment mechanisms of which are well known in the art. Joining the cross members 52 is the deck 54 , and providing the passage of the arch bridge 10 for vehicles and pedestrians is the surface 56 . Rising upward from either side of the bridge deck 54 are guardrails 58 . Guardrail 58 may extend beyond the arch formed by compression members 12, as shown in FIG. The transition ramp 60 serves as a transition from the original traffic surface 62 to the traffic surface 56 of the bridge deck.

In practice, the combined length of the tensile member 14 and compression member 12 is smaller than the total length used.

As shown in FIG. 5 , tubing 64 is an integral part of forming compression member 12 and tensile member 14 . As shown in FIGS. 5 and 10 , the tube member 64 is a hollow cylindrical tube having an outer wall 66 . However, other configurations of the tube 64 are also compatible. The material of the pipe member 64 is preferably steel or fiber reinforced plastic (FRP). Obviously, the outer wall 66 does not need to be of sufficient thickness, in fact depending on the use, three millimeters may work. Ribs 68 are disposed on the interior of tube 64 when tensile member 14 is formed. Preferably, as shown in FIG. 7 , the reinforcing rib 68 is located at the center of the inner space of the tube 64 . The reinforcing rib 68 may be a high-strength steel reinforcing rib or FRP, and the fiber used in the FRP may be carbon fiber, aramid fiber or glass fiber. Connecting the two ends 70 of the rib 68 are a pair of gripping clamps 72 . Among them, one clamp is fixed, while the other clamp is connected to the tension device, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 7 . Another possibility is that the two gripping clamps 72 can be connected with tensioning devices, so that the tension is distributed to the ribs 68 . When tension is applied to the ribs 68 by gripping the clamps 72 and the tensioning device, concrete 74 is poured into the interior of the tube 64 and surrounds the ribs 68 until the concrete 74 is a predetermined length from the tail end 76 of the tube 64 . To ensure that the concrete 74 will not exceed the predetermined length, a pair of tail caps are installed on the tail end 76 until the concrete 74 is cured to cure. In the pipe 64, poured concrete 74 surrounds the reinforcement 68 (see FIG. 10), maintaining tension on the reinforcement 68 until the concrete cures. Under the influence of the concrete 74, the axial movement of the reinforcing rib 68 is restrained. Thus, a precompressive stress is applied in the tensile member 14 by the release of tension in the ribs 68 . Thus, the tensile member 14 combines the advantages of the enhanced tensile strength of the prestressed concrete and the enhanced tensile strength of the tubes 64 limiting the lateral expansion of the concrete 74, respectively. Therefore, the rib 68 is important; it does not protrude from the tail end 76 of the tube 64 as shown in FIG.

The type and size of the reinforcing rib 68, the material and wall thickness of the pipe fitting 64 and the type of the concrete 74 can all be adjusted, mainly depending on the application target of the tensile member and the characteristics of the required load. This point can be understood according to common technical knowledge. In addition, the number and type of ribs 68 can also be adjusted. As shown in FIG. 11 , this embodiment uses 13 reinforcing ribs 68 arranged in the pipe fitting 64 . The number of ribs 68 mainly depends on the application target of the tensile member and the characteristics of the required load.

The compression member 12 applied to the arch bridge 10 is similar to the construction method of the tensile member 14 . However, in the compression member 12 , there are no ribs 68 in tension in the tube 64 . Concrete 74 is simply poured into the lumen of pipe 64 . The compression member 12 has the advantage that the concrete has a stronger compressive strength under the constraints of the pipe wall. The pipe 64 may limit the lateral expansion of the concrete 74 . The tube 64 itself does not carry any axial force. Due to the lateral expansion of concrete, there is hoop stress in the circumferential direction of the pipe, so that the lateral expansion of concrete can be effectively restrained.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 13 and Figure 14, the compression member 12 and the tensile member 14 are connected in series by many shorter members. Figure 13 illustrates the manner in which the compression members 12 are connected in series. As shown in FIG. 13 , the concrete 74 does not extend completely to the trailing end of the tubular member 64 , but terminates before the trailing end 76 . A rigid insert 78 is placed at the end of each tensile member 12 . As shown in Figure 13, rigid inserts 78 connect one compression member 12 to another. There is a distance between the trailing ends 76 of the compression members 12 . Therefore, the tube 64 does not carry any axial force. The rigid insert 78 could also be replaced by a high strength silicate material. Rigid insert 78 functions to transmit pressure from one compression member 12 to the other.

As shown in Figures 1 and 14, the tensile members 14 are connected in series by short members. It can be seen from FIG. 14 that the concrete 74 does not touch the tail end 76 of the pipe 64 in order to connect the two tensile members 14 together. A connector 80 is attached to the tail end 82 of the rib 68 . The function of the connecting piece 80 is to connect the threaded rod 84 and the tail end 82 . One threaded rod 84 is counterclockwise threaded, while the opposite threaded rod 84 is clockwise threaded. Reverse threaded rods 84 and guy screws 86 are connected together. The pull screw 86 can apply tension to the reinforcing rib 68 . After the stay screw 86 is installed, a predetermined amount of pulling force is applied to the reinforcing rib 68, and the cement slurry 88 is poured around the connecting piece 80, the threaded rod 84 and the stay screw 86 to be assembled as a whole. Thus, both the compression members 12 and the tensile members 14 are connected in series.

In this way, compression members 12 and tension members 14 may be used in fabricated structures, such as arch bridges, and may be more economically applied to such structures, depending on the characteristics of the loads being sustained. In addition to arch bridges, tensile member 14 may also be applied to other bridges and building structures. A special application of the tensile members 14 in the cable-stayed bridge 90 is to replace the traditional stay cables, as shown in FIG. 12 . In this application, the tensile members 14 act to hold the deck. Here, one end of the tensile member 14 is secured to the bridge deck 54 and the opposite end is attached to one of the plurality of erected concrete towers 92 . Wherein, the tensile member 14 in Fig. 11 has multiple strands of reinforcing ribs 68, which are more widely used. When the tensile member 14 is applied to a cable-stayed bridge instead of the traditional stay cables, since the reinforcement 68 is protected by concrete, this will reduce the fatigue of the reinforcement due to vibration. In addition, the tensile member 14 is not prone to stress relaxation, which is very common in current stay cables.

Claims (10)

1. the tension member of an assembly structure, it is characterized in that, comprise elongated hollow cylinder pipe fitting, in the described elongated hollow cylindrical tube inner chamber, be axially arranged with the prestressing force reinforcing rib that extends to the other end from an end of pipe fitting, be perfused with the concrete that described reinforcing rib is tightly wrapped up in the tube intracavity.

2. the tension member of assembly structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that described elongated hollow cylindrical tube is a steel pipe.

3. the tension member of assembly structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that described elongated hollow cylindrical tube is a fibre reinforced plastic tube.

4. as the tension member of assembly structure as described in one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that described reinforcing rib is a reinforcing bar.

5. as the tension member of assembly structure as described in one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that the muscle of described reinforcing rib for making with composite material.

6. as the tension member of assembly structure as described in the claim 5, it is characterized in that the described muscle made from composite material is a fiber reinforced plastic rod.

7. the compression member of an assembly structure is characterized in that, comprises elongated hollow cylinder pipe fitting, in the described elongated hollow cylindrical tube inner chamber, is perfused with concrete.

8. as the compression member of assembly structure as described in the claim 7, it is characterized in that described elongated hollow cylindrical tube is a steel pipe.

9. as the compression member of assembly structure as described in the claim 7, it is characterized in that described elongated hollow cylindrical tube is a fibre reinforced plastic tube.

10. as the preparation method of the tension member of assembly structure as described in one of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:

(1) provide hollow moulding in advance and slender rectangular tube predetermined length, described pipe fitting constitutes the outmost part of pull-resisting press-resisting component;

(2) reinforcing rib is axial arranged in described slender rectangular tube, described reinforcing rib has the terminal that can apply reaction force, and purpose is that reinforcing rib is extended axially in described slender rectangular tube;

(3) apply the end of pulling force at described reinforcing rib;

(4) with concrete spouting in pipe fitting, reinforcing rib that will be wherein up to it all tightly coats;

(5) guarantee that concrete hardens in pipe fitting, guarantee that there is good adhesion stress it and pipe fitting inner wall and reinforcing rib;

(6) end at reinforcing rib discharges stretching force, to keep the pulling force of reinforcing rib under concrete effect; After pulling force is released, the end of excision reinforcing rib.

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