CN101209891A - Broad width infrared optical silex and melting method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to broad width infrared optical quartz glass and a preparation method thereof, which belongs to the glass product and manufacturing and processing technology; the breadth of the broad width infrared optical quartz glass is 1000 mm. The invention adopts the processes such as graphite element assembling, crystal material feeding, furnace installation for matching a thermocouple temperature measurement system, feeding, keeping temperature with cover plates and carbonaceous felt, extracting vacuum and smelting, pressurization, discharge, etc. to finish the processing of the broad width infrared optical quartz glass product. The broad width infrared optical quartz glass product is larger in breadth, good in optical performance and physical property, and can be widely used. The manufacturing process thereof is simple, the design of technical essentials thereof is reasonable. The invention has the advantages of energy saving, low consumption and no pollution.

Description

Broad width infrared optical silex and melting method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to glasswork and manufacturing process technology thereof, relate generally to a kind of broad width infrared optical silex product and found technology.

Background technology

Silica glass has a series of good physics, chemical property, so silica glass is a kind of important industrial foundation material, has it to use widely at aspects such as semi-conductor, new light sources, precision optical instrument, instrument, chemical industry, thermal technologies.Along with developing by leaps and bounds of science, silica glass occupies more and more important position in national defense industry.At laser technology, space technology, radar engineering, astronautical engineering, optical communications, atomic energy engineering and other stratosphere, has been indispensable important original paper, device, structured material etc. as silica glass.At present silica glass particularly the optical quartz glass country that can produce in the world have only a few countries such as the U.S., Germany, Russia, Japan to produce the optical quartz glass material product.In the existing 30 years history of China's exploitation silica glass, width dimensions still can be produced in the domestic indivedual producers of the infrared optical silex of the small dimension size below 800 millimeters, but width is present domestic can't the production of the big plate of characteristic far infrared optical silica glass of 1000 millimeters specifications.High-performance optics silica glass belongs to high product innovation in the world, manufacturing process complexity not only, valuable product, and influenced by International Politics weather etc. and be difficult to import, seriously restricting the electronics of China, the development of national defense industry, no matter the research and development of therefore developing the broad width infrared optical silex plate are in practical technique or national defense industry, all have future extremely widely from reality to long-range.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of the present invention is exactly the problem that exists at above-mentioned prior art, in conjunction with pressing for of China's science and technology industrial development, research and develop a kind of broad width infrared optical silex and melting method thereof, reach production domesticization production, the simplified processing process process that realizes broad width infrared optical silex, the purpose that reduces product cost.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this:

A kind of broad width infrared optical silex, the fabric width size H of this glass is 1000 millimeters.

A kind of melting method of broad width infrared optical silex:

One, shove charge and feeding intake

1., the assembling graphite piece, exhaust at the bottom of the graphite box, channel height is not less than 40 millimeters, heat preservation carbon felt is more than three layers; Box plate and box side board are spread the graphite lath of 3.5 millimeters of thickness and 5.5 millimeters respectively, and get out the venting hole of 2 millimeters of diameters, 15 millimeters of spacings, 30 ° of level inclinations;

2., throw quartzy material, quartzy material order number is the 40-60 order, strict density and the purity of noting crystal material is removed the impure point in the crystal material at any time, and blocks the bleed place with microlith English glass bar; Quartzy charge level should have the gradient, smoothly is trapezoidal, and quartzy charge level can not contact graphite cake, avoids glass to have bubble to occur;

3., connect the thermocouple temperature measurement system, the graphite box two ends symmetry 4 groups of W-Re thermocouple points for measuring temperature that respectively distribute, totally 8 groups, distributing position is 4 angle ends of graphite box, bottom lengths direction 1/2 position and 1/4 position and mid-way short transverse 1/3 position, the W-Re thermocouple is anodal to be connected with compensating lead wire is anodal;

Two, cover plate and carbon felt insulation

1., establish 15 millimeters graphite cakes of thickness, arrange graphite heater by the warm field distribution of determining in the above, the heating element material will be consistent, physical dimension tolerance≤± 0.1% at quartzy charge level loam cake; Heating element and following graphite cake spacing are not less than 30 millimeters, and contact well with copper electrode;

2., lay asbestos insulation layer above the carbon felt around the graphite box;

3., on heating element the graphite cake of 40 millimeters of bedding thickness, two ends are placed on the copper electrode, and put the quartz wedge insulation; Reach the two ends heat preservation carbon felt above the graphite box more than 15 layers, Si Jiaochu leaves 35 * 35 millimeters large-scale venting hole; Graphite box and carbon felt are not less than 11 kilo-ohms to the insulation of copper electrode; But deposit summer or discontinuity shove charge, insulativity can suitably reduce;

Three, vacuumize and found

1., with fire door, pipeline and hay tank good seal, the lid bell, voltate regulator, blower fan, transformer and cooling water system works better;

2., the starting vacuum pump, when highest attainable vacuum reaches 1 handkerchief when following, after the vacuum pump group did not have gas leak phenomenon, related body of heater vacuumized, vacuum tightness checks that whether the each several part water coolant sufficient, after reaching enough water yields, send electricity to carry out electrically smelting when 4 handkerchiefs are following;

3., distribution curve is with reference to given temperatur-timel curve, every 10 minutes notes temperature once, and contrast with parameter; Survey a vacuum tightness every 30 minutes, carry out record, draw the koji line; When vacuum is warming up to 1600 ℃, once the fire door bolted; In founding, the copper electrode water temperature is below 30 ℃, and other each several part coolant water temperatures are no more than 40 ℃;

Four, pressurize and come out of the stove

1., fastening fire door bolt one by one, for the inflated with nitrogen pressurization is prepared;

2., close pump group valve, open pressurizing valve, safety valve, close purging valve, inflated with nitrogen pressurization 5-10 minute under the condition of current stabilization, continues power supply and charges into the heat that nitrogen is taken away with compensation;

3., when annealing is cooled off, progressively regulate cooling water flow and temperature, slowly cooling, stress in the minimizing glass;

4., come out of the stove, have a power failure after 72 hours, when 30 ℃ of left and right sides of coolant water temperature, open the heater exhaust valve, bleed off furnace gas, can come out of the stove; Make fabric width at 1000 millimeters broad width infrared optical silex product.

The present invention has realized that width dimensions reaches the process for processing of the broad width infrared optical silex product more than 1000 millimeters, good product quality, satisfy and adapted to the needs of China's science and technology career development, the required main frame of its processing adopts sophisticated home equipment, method of manufacturing technology is simple, and technology essential factor is reasonable in design, low energy, low production cost, non-environmental-pollution.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is the broad width infrared optical silex structural representation.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the embodiment of the invention is described in detail.

The fabric width size H of broad width infrared optical silex is 1000 millimeters.

The melting method of broad width infrared optical silex is as follows:

One, shove charge and feeding intake

1., the assembling graphite piece, exhaust at the bottom of the graphite box, channel height is 45 millimeters, four layers of heat preservation carbon felts; Box plate and box side board are spread the graphite lath of 3.5 millimeters of thickness and 5.5 millimeters respectively, and get out the venting hole of 2 millimeters of diameters, 15 millimeters of spacings, 30 ° of level inclinations;

2., throw quartzy material, quartzy material order number is 50 orders, strict density and the purity of noting crystal material is removed the impure point in the crystal material at any time, and blocks the bleed place with microlith English glass bar; Quartzy charge level should have the gradient, smoothly is trapezoidal, and quartzy charge level can not contact graphite cake, avoids glass to have bubble to occur;

3., connect the thermocouple temperature measurement system, the graphite box two ends symmetry 4 groups of W-Re thermocouple points for measuring temperature that respectively distribute, totally 8 groups, distributing position is 4 angle ends of graphite box, bottom lengths direction 1/2 position and 1/4 position and mid-way short transverse 1/3 position, tungsten squama thermocouple is anodal to be connected with compensating lead wire is anodal;

Two, cover plate and carbon felt insulation

1., establish 15 millimeters graphite cakes of thickness, arrange graphite heater by the warm field distribution of determining in the above, the heating element material will be consistent, physical dimension tolerance≤± 0.1% at quartzy charge level loam cake; 40 millimeters of heating element and following graphite cake spacings, and contact well with copper electrode;

2., lay asbestos insulation layer above the carbon felt around the graphite box;

3., on heating element the graphite cake of 40 millimeters of bedding thickness, two ends are placed on the copper electrode, and put the quartz wedge insulation; Reach the two ends heat preservation carbon felt above the graphite box at 17 layers, Si Jiaochu leaves 35 * 35 millimeters large-scale venting hole; Graphite box and carbon felt are not less than 11 kilo-ohms to the insulation of copper electrode; But deposit summer or discontinuity shove charge, insulativity can suitably reduce;

Three, vacuumize and found

1., with fire door, pipeline and hay tank good seal, the lid bell, voltate regulator, blower fan, transformer and cooling water system works better;

2., the starting vacuum pump, when highest attainable vacuum reaches 1 handkerchief when following, after the vacuum pump group did not have gas leak phenomenon, related body of heater vacuumized, vacuum tightness checks that whether the each several part water coolant sufficient, after reaching enough water yields, send electricity to carry out electrically smelting when 3 handkerchiefs;

3., distribution curve is with reference to given temperatur-timel curve, every 10 minutes notes temperature once, and contrast with parameter; Survey a vacuum tightness every 30 minutes, carry out record, draw the koji line; When vacuum is warming up to 1600 ℃, once the fire door bolted; In founding, the copper electrode water temperature is below 30 ℃, and other each several part coolant water temperatures are no more than 40 ℃;

Four, pressurize and come out of the stove

1., fastening fire door bolt one by one, for the inflated with nitrogen pressurization is prepared;

2., close pump group valve, open pressurizing valve, safety valve, close purging valve, inflated with nitrogen pressurization 8 minutes under the condition of current stabilization, continues power supply and charges into the heat that nitrogen is taken away with compensation;

3., when annealing is cooled off, progressively regulate cooling water flow and temperature, slowly cooling, stress in the minimizing glass;

4., come out of the stove, have a power failure after 72 hours, when 30 ℃ of left and right sides of coolant water temperature, open the heater exhaust valve, bleed off furnace gas, can come out of the stove; Make fabric width at 1000 millimeters broad width infrared optical silex product.

Broad width infrared optical silex all meets the requirement of national JC185-81 technological standard through national quartz glass product quality surveillance inspection center to technical performance indexs such as spectrum property, optical homogeneity, double refraction, striped, particle ununiformity, bubble and the fluorescent characteristic detection of its tight product.Product uses in silica glass institute of China Building Materials Academy, CAS Electrical Engineering Research Institute and space flight department and all obtains promising result.

Claims (2)

1. a broad width infrared optical silex is characterized in that the fabric width size H of this glass is 1000 millimeters.

2. melting method of broad width infrared optical silex according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

One, shove charge and feeding intake

1., the assembling graphite piece, exhaust at the bottom of the graphite box, channel height is not less than 40 millimeters, heat preservation carbon felt is more than three layers; Box plate and box side board are spread the graphite lath of 3.5 millimeters of thickness and 5.5 millimeters respectively, and get out the venting hole of 2 millimeters of diameters, 15 millimeters of spacings, 30 ° of level inclinations;

2., throw quartzy material, quartzy material order number is the 40-60 order, strict density and the purity of noting crystal material is removed the impure point in the crystal material at any time, and blocks the bleed place with microlith English glass bar; Quartzy charge level should have the gradient, smoothly is trapezoidal, and quartzy charge level can not contact graphite cake;

3., connect the thermocouple temperature measurement system, the graphite box two ends symmetry 4 groups of W-Re thermocouple points for measuring temperature that respectively distribute, totally 8 groups, distributing position is 4 angle ends of graphite box, bottom lengths direction 1/2 position and 1/4 position and mid-way short transverse 1/3 position, the W-Re thermocouple is anodal to be connected with compensating lead wire is anodal;

Two, cover plate and carbon felt insulation

1., establish 15 millimeters graphite cakes of thickness, arrange graphite heater by the warm field distribution of determining in the above, the heating element material will be consistent, physical dimension tolerance≤± 0.1% at quartzy charge level loam cake; Heating element and following graphite cake spacing are not less than 30 millimeters, and contact well with copper electrode;

2., lay asbestos insulation layer above the carbon felt around the graphite box;

3., on heating element the graphite cake of 40 millimeters of bedding thickness, two ends are placed on the copper electrode, and put the quartz wedge insulation; Reach the two ends heat preservation carbon felt above the graphite box more than 15 layers, Si Jiaochu leaves 35 * 35 millimeters large-scale venting hole; Graphite box and carbon felt are not less than 11 kilo-ohms to the insulation of copper electrode;

Three, vacuumize and found

1., with fire door, pipeline and hay tank good seal, the lid bell, voltate regulator, blower fan, transformer and cooling water system works better;

2., the starting vacuum pump, when highest attainable vacuum reaches 1 handkerchief when following, after the vacuum pump group did not have gas leak phenomenon, related body of heater vacuumized, vacuum tightness checks that whether the each several part water coolant sufficient, after reaching enough water yields, send electricity to carry out electrically smelting when 4 handkerchiefs are following;

3., distribution curve is with reference to given temperatur-timel curve, every 10 minutes notes temperature once, and contrast with parameter; Survey a vacuum tightness every 30 minutes, carry out record, draw the koji line; When vacuum is warming up to 1600 ℃, once the fire door bolted; In founding, the copper electrode water temperature is below 30 ℃, and other each several part coolant water temperatures are no more than 40 ℃;

Four, pressurize and come out of the stove

1., fastening fire door bolt one by one, for the inflated with nitrogen pressurization is prepared;

2., close pump group valve, open pressurizing valve, safety valve, close purging valve, inflated with nitrogen pressurization 5-10 minute under the condition of current stabilization, continues power supply and charges into the heat that nitrogen is taken away with compensation;

3., when annealing is cooled off, progressively regulate cooling water flow and temperature, slowly cooling;

4., come out of the stove, have a power failure after 72 hours, when 30 ℃ of left and right sides of coolant water temperature, open the heater exhaust valve, bleed off furnace gas, can come out of the stove; Make fabric width at 1000 millimeters broad width infrared optical silex product.

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