CN101208582A - Methods and apparatus for improving the accuracy and reach of electronic media exposure measurement systems - Google Patents
Methods and apparatus for improving the accuracy and reach of electronic media exposure measurement systems Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Methods and apparatus for crediting media exposure are disclosed. An example method includes deriving a plurality of travel paths traversed by respective ones of a plurality of respondents, determining exposures of the respective ones of the plurality of respondents to a plurality of media sites based on the derived plurality of travel paths, and modifying the determined exposures to the plurality of media sites to improve statistical accuracy of the modified determined exposures.
Description
Technical field
The disclosure relates generally to media exposure measurement systems, and more specifically, relates to the method and apparatus of the precision and the reach that are used to improve electronic media exposure measurement system.
Background technology
Past, media exposure measurement systems at outdoor media (for example depends on for example flow motor research, statistics is being specified in the date along the quantity of the automobile of a certain road driving) or require to recall the quantity that (ability that the consumer who for example, recognizes by inquiry remembers to see outdoor advertisement) determines accomplished media exposure.
Recently, developed and be used for media exposure is measured electronic system with integration, made the outdoor advertising merchant and determine the reach of their outdoor media sites with precision measure science and verifiable.Fig. 1 illustrates the existing electronic media exposure measurement system 100 of example of using global position system (SPS) (for example, american global positioning system (GPS) and european galileo system (building at present)) technology to follow the trail of the rider and/or the pedestrian of the preceding appearance of media site out of doors.In order to follow the trail of participant or respondent's 102 appearance, respondent 102 will carry monitoring arrangement 110 (for example, the Nielsen that (or wearing) has the SPS function
Individual's outdoor installation (Npod
TM)).Device 110 periodically (for example, per 4 to 5 seconds) obtains and receives a plurality of by the signal of a plurality of SPS satellite 105A-C emissions and the current geographic position (that is location) and the current time of using these a plurality of calculated signals devices 110 that receive.Usually, device 110 need to receive from quantity be no less than minimum number SPS satellite 105A-C signal (for example, in gps system, device 110 need be from least three or four signals that gps satellite sends) could determine the current geographic position (like this, also just having determined respondent 102 geographic position) of device 110.Device 110 results with each time location (for example, geographic code position data and time, and if necessary, also have the date) store in succession, in order to handling by calculation element 125 later on.
Occasionally, periodically or in real time the locator data sequence (for example, the set of corresponding geographical code position data and time and/or date value) that is write down is downloaded to 110 in the Download Server 120 from installing.Download Server 120 can be respondent's personal computer (PC) or the computing machine that links to each other with electronic measurement system 100.Next Download Server 120 offers calculation element 125 with the walking path data of being downloaded (that is the locator data sequence that, is write down).Can use and be used for data are downloaded to the Download Server 120 and data are sent to any in the various known technologies of calculation element 125 from Download Server 120 from installing 110.For example, can use USB (universal serial bus) (USB) connecting line will install the 110 mobile storage means drivers that are connected on the Download Server 120 and utilize operation on 110 upper and lower years servers 120 of device.
In order to determine the appearance to media site 115, calculation element 125 will be compared by the position of device 110 each that note time location and the position of media site 115.The position of media site 115 can obtain in the database 130 that comprises the pairing geographic code position data of a plurality of media site (also comprising other data or information).In the example system 100 of Fig. 1, if respondent's position ' enough approaching ' media site 115 (for example, being in the preset distance of media site 115), the then media exposure of integration media site 115.
For various reasons, device 110 might be able to not be finished the location and attempt.For example, owing to for example stopping SPS satellite 105A-C and installing the dense vegetation of the communication path between 110 or the signal attenuation that artificial or spontaneous structure causes, device 110 signals that may not obtain and receive from the satellite 105A-C of necessary amount.In addition, since the influence of the multipath distortion that causes of nearby objects (for example, the high-lager building in the urban district) or because clock (for example, regularly) inaccurate or wrong influence successfully is positioned with may precision low.In these cases, in positioning sequence device 110 records and that handle by calculation element 125 subsequently, the travel path that respondent 102 walks comprises the gap or may represent and not meet the path of walking of given row route line (for example, street, highway, path, highway, interstate highway, bridge, walkway, walking channel, railway, tunnel etc.).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the example of known electronic media exposure measurement system.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of by way of example of realizing having the device of SPS function.
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of the example media exposure calculation element of constructing in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
Fig. 4 A illustrates the by way of example of the travel path processor that realizes Fig. 3.
Fig. 4 B illustrates the example filter configuration of the example process engine that is used to realize Fig. 4 A.
Fig. 5 A and 5B are the process flow diagrams of representing example machine readable instructions, carry out the travel path processor that described example machine readable instructions can realize Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 A illustrates the part of example travel path.
Fig. 6 B illustrates the example determinacy path according to the example travel path structure of Fig. 6 A.
Fig. 6 C illustrates the example decision tree according to the example travel path structure of Fig. 6 A.
Fig. 7 A illustrates the example of the travel path data that is write down.
Fig. 7 B and 7C illustrate two kinds of data moment of example travel path data computation (data moment) of using Fig. 7 A.
Fig. 8 A illustrates the example contextual analysis bonus point in the example street constraint filter that can be used in Fig. 4 B.
The example contextual analysis that Fig. 8 B-G illustrates in the example street constraint filter that can be used in Fig. 4 B subtracts branch.
Fig. 9 is can execution graph 5A and the synoptic diagram of the example process applicator platform of the expressed example machine readable instructions of 5B.
Embodiment
Though the example apparatus of this paper introduction comprises the software that moves on (except other ingredient) hardware, such equipment only is illustrative and should think determinate.For example, can expect, disclosed any or all of nextport hardware component NextPort and component software can be specially with specialized hardware, specially with software, make up specific implementation with firmware or with certain of hardware, firmware and/or software specially.
In addition, provide, should be appreciated that disclosed equipment can be applied to a lot of other electronic media measurement systems at an easy rate though following disclosure is the electronic media measurement systems based on SPS at example.Therefore, though what introduce below is example apparatus, method and manufacturing finished product, those skilled in the art are easy to recognize that disclosed example is not to realize the unique channel of such system.
Generally speaking, the example apparatus of this paper introduction, method and manufacturing finished product can be used to handle the data of having recorded and narrated a plurality of positions of being walked by the respondent.Inaccurate or the disappearance of (for example, in the sequence of the location of being write down, perhaps in the media site positional information) data may cause adverse effect to the precision of the media exposure integration determined by the media exposure device for calculating.In order fully to improve the precision and the reliability of electronic medium exposure amount measurement, the exemplary method and the equipment that can use this paper to introduce are handled the travel path data that is write down, to overcome the weak point that discussed the front.In the concrete example that this paper introduces, data are handled alleviated the deficiency that exists in the data, thereby and make treated data express better along the travel path in known course (for example, street, highway, path, highway, interstate highway, bridge, walkway, walking channel, railway, tunnel etc.).As a result, the example that can use this paper to introduce improves the precision and the reach of electronic media measurement systems.
Fig. 2 illustrates the example of the device that has the SPS function 200 of the monitoring arrangement 110 that can be used to realize Fig. 1.In order to receive the decode the signal (that is, sps signal) by a plurality of SPS satellite 105A-C emissions, device 200 comprises sps signal receiver 205, sps signal demoder 210 and antenna 215.Use any in the various technology, the radio frequency that sps signal receiver 205 receives antenna 215 (RF) analog signal conversion becomes to be suitable for to be handled and/or the digital baseband signal (that is the signal that, receives) of decoding by sps signal demoder 210.For example, sps signal receiver 205 can use detuner, low-converter, filtrator and/or modulus (A/D) converter to realize.Use any in the various known technologies, sps signal demoder 210 is handled to the received signal, if possible (promptly, if being no less than the SPS satellite 105A-C of minimum number can (for example use, in gps system, the signal that receives that sps signal demoder 210 uses from least 3 or 4 satellites)), determine the current location (that is, positioning) of device 200.Sps signal demoder 210 is to the current geographic position (if having determined this position) of processor 220 generators 200 and the signal that receives.The two is recorded in the signal that processor 220 will be located and receive (that is pseudo range data) in the storer 225.By periodically carrying out preceding method, the travel path that the recorded data representative is walked by respondent 102 (Fig. 1).
The exemplary device 200 of Fig. 2 comprises the interface 230 that makes that device 200 can communicate with the Download Server 120 of Fig. 1 in addition.Device 200 offers media exposure device for calculating (MECD) 300 (discussing below in conjunction with Fig. 3) via Download Server 120 with the travel path data 305 (that is, by installing 200 location of writing down and the burst that receives) that is write down.
For those of ordinary skills, any is arranged will be conspicuous, and the processor 220 among Fig. 2 can monitor the excessive data relevant with the operation of installing 200, state etc. and these excessive datas are recorded in the storer 225.For example, processor 220 can the monitoring battery operating position, device startup and shutdown number of times, software make mistakes etc.
In order to improve the stability and the reliability of the media exposure integration decision of making by MECD 300, the travel path of being walked by respondent 102 preferably (promptly accurately, reflected the physical location of walking by respondent 102), meet one or more known courses (for example, street, highway, path, highway, interstate highway, bridge, walkway, walking channel, railway, tunnel etc.) and comprise the location that fully is close together.But, as previously mentioned, may always not satisfy these requirements by the sequence (that is the travel path data 305 that, is write down) of installing 200 location of writing down.
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of the example MECD 300 of structure in accordance with the teachings of the present invention that illustrates the example calculations device 125 that can be used to realize Fig. 1.For the travel path data 305 and the media site information (being included in the database 130) that are write down are carried out aftertreatment, the MECD300 of Fig. 3 comprises and carries out path processor 310,310 pairs of travel path data that write down 305 of this processor (comprise by device 200 records and the determined geographic position that provides via Download Server 120 and the signal (that is pseudo range data) that receives both) are operated and are generated the travel path data 315 that is enhanced.In illustrated example, travel path data 305 that is write down and the travel path data 315 that is enhanced are stored in one or more storer and/or memory storage of a part that is embodied as MECD 300.For those of ordinary skills, be easy to find out that travel path data 305 that is write down and the travel path data 315 that is enhanced also can realize by alternate manner.For example, use storer or the memory storage that links together and be configured to communicate with MECD 300 with MECD 300.
310 pairs of travel path data that write down 305 of travel path processor are handled, to strengthen the integrality and the precision of location.For example, travel path processor 310 can use the sps signal that receives that is write down to derive location (for example, device 200 be can not determine out the position in geographic position), increase by installing 200 locating accuracy of determining etc.Travel path processor 310 can also comprise the additional algorithm of other known SPS limitation (such as clock drift and multi-path signal distortion) of compensation.
Fig. 4 A illustrates the by way of example of the example travel path processor 310 that realizes Fig. 3.The travel path data 305 that writes down in order to handle, the example travel path processor 310 of Fig. 3 comprise and are used for processing engine 405 that the travel path data 305 that is write down is operated.For example, processing engine 405 can be embodied as the travel path data 305 that is write down is carried out in succession and/or one or more filtrator of parallel work-flow.In the examples shown of Fig. 4 A, all or part of one group of data point that is sent to the travel path in the storer 410 by data transfer unit 415 of 405 pairs of processing engine representative is handled (for example, this group data point being used a set filter).405 pairs of these group data points of processing engine are operated, and intermediate value (for example, and process input that be used as follow-up filtrator that revise and/or additional data point that create as the output of filtrator) (if any) is put back in the storer 410.Final output data point is put in the travel path data 315 that is enhanced by processing engine 405.
Shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 A, and discussed below in conjunction with the accurate ephemeris filter 442 of example (Fig. 4 B), the example process engine 405 of Fig. 4 A can connect the data 395 that 390 visits are provided by international geology association (IGS) via the Internet.For example, data 395 comprise the data of the position of the known moment SPS of accurate record satellite 105A-C.
In the example shown in Fig. 4 A, storer 410 comprises the sps signal that receives that write down, the location of being determined by device 200 and the location that is drawn by travel path processor 310.Being stored in data in the storer 410 can be to use any in the various proper technologies to store.For example, use OO data storage technology, use array of data structures etc.
To those skilled in the art, a bit be conspicuous in addition, storer 410 can be to use any in various technology to realize.For example, be used for realizing the storer of the travel path data 305 that write down or one or more part of memory storage, perhaps with Stand Alone Memory, memory storage and/or the hardware register of travel path processor 310 direct correlation.In addition, also having is conspicuous for those of ordinary skills a bit, can save data transfer unit 415.For example, processing engine 405 can be configured to directly from the travel path data 305 that is write down, read initial data point.
Fig. 4 B illustrates the example filter sequence of the example process engine 405 that can be used to realize Fig. 4 A.In the example shown in Fig. 4 B, filtrator is to use object-oriented programming to realize, thus, improved number of filters, type, in proper order, the dirigibility of the aspect such as disposing, interconnecting.
Example filter sequence shown in Fig. 4 B is from NAV estimation filtrator 440, and this filtrator uses the group of the location of being determined by device 200 to create the initial set of the location of derivation.Use any in the various known technologies, accurately ephemeris filter 442 is obtained accurate SPS satellite position data 395 (promptly via the Internet 390 from IGS, almanac data 395) and use almanac data 395 to improve precision by the pseudo range data (that is the sps signal that, receives) of device 200 records.For example, precise ephemeris filtrator 442 uses in the pseudo range data by each markers at each data point places of device 200 records to come in the known location of the SPS of known time satellite 105A-C (promptly, almanac data 395) carries out interpolation between, with the markers accurate satellite position of determining to be write down constantly.Elevation filter 444 is according to satellite almanac data 395 and use the standard trajectory geometrical principle to calculate each SPS satellite 105A-C with each pseudorange or locator data spot correlation to be in angle more than the local horizon then.In order to improve the locating accuracy that derives from pseudo range data, elevation filter 444 can abandon and be lower than the corresponding pseudo range data of horizontal SPS satellite 105A-C.
Next, non-while pseudorange (NSPR) filtrator 446 is determined the position (for example, representing device 200 to can not determine the position at place, location) of the fix data points of disappearance and is derived additional location.In example, NSPR filtrator 446 uses one group to be the pseudorange data point at center and the fix data points that derives disappearance according to the interpolation clock drift value of calculating with the pseudo range data of the locator data spot correlation of disappearance and nearest fix data points with the fix data points of disappearance.
448 pairs of travel paths of receiver autonomous type completeness monitoring (RAIM) filtrator are handled, to eliminate the error that is caused by multipath distortion.Multipath distortion is to cause because of receiving through transmitting at one or more SPS satellite 105A-C and the SPS that installs a plurality of surface reflections between 200.Like this, device 200 can receive the various ways that SPS transmits, and various forms has different time-delays and phase characteristic.In pseudorange data point comprised example from the signal of four or more SPS satellites, RAIM filtrator 448 used three various arrangements from these SPS satellites to derive the location.Specifically, if four satellites (that is, and #1, #2, #3, #4) available, then draw four location (#1#2#3), (#1#2#4), (#1#3#4) and (#2#3#4) at following combinations of satellites.(for example comprise in pseudorange data point from three SPS satellites, satellite 105A-C) in another example of signal, RAIM filtrator 448 uses the various combinations with nearest known location the 4th SPS satellite (not shown) these three SPS satellite 105A-C to derive the location.In aforementioned two kinds of examples, RAIM filtrator 448 all will compare mutually to the location of being derived.If the location of being derived is fully consistent, then this localization package is contained in the travel path.Otherwise, think and multipath distortion has taken place and should locate and from travel path data, remove.
After having drawn additional location or having improved existing locating accuracy, street constraint filter 450 (being discussed below in conjunction with Fig. 6 A-C, 7A-C and 8A-C) is alignd to each location that comprises in the travel path, to conform to the center line of known course.For example, street constraint filter 450 is revised the location of being derived (promptly, alignment) become the closest approach that overlaps with known course (for example, the center line on nearest highway, walkway etc.), wherein this closest approach can be determined according to minimum euclid distance.But, jump about such modification may cause travel path in irregular or gratuitous mode or wave (for example, travel path is moving between two walkways of both sides to and fro in the street).In order to alleviate this problem, can carry out extra processing by street constraint filter 450.Street constraint filter 450 can also be handled travel path data, guarantees the continuity of moving.For example, street constraint filter 450 can judge gait of march whether show respondent 102 be in the vehicle or vehicle on, if and judged result is sure, guarantee that then the motion that travel path and environment (for example, bridge, overline bridge, underpass, one-way road etc.) at once allowed is consistent.
Those of ordinary skills are easy to find out, be used to realize Fig. 4 A processing engine 405 filtrator quantity, in proper order, type, configuration etc. can be different with the filtrator shown in Fig. 4 B.For example, can use the motion average filter to come the movement average of the sequence of compute location, with the data of level and smooth band noise.Specifically, can calculate each the movement average in a last n latitude and last n the longitude, wherein these latitudes and longitude are equivalent to last n coordinate of locating.In another example, the clock drift interpolation filter is to being carried out modeling and pseudo range data being implemented time adjustment by the drift of installing 200 clocks that use.In another example again, dead reckoning filtrator (dead reckoning filter) uses the respondent travel direction of previous location and estimation and speed to estimate the location.
In another example again, filtrator is arranged in parallel two-way.For example, by data letter sorting filtrator travel path data 305 is divided into two groups.First group of position that comprises in the geographic area of representing respondent 102 to appear to comprise edifice (for example, the urban district), second group of data point that comprises away from the urban district.Gave one or more filtrator with each data set then, the filtrator that wherein is applied to each data set can be different or identical.In addition, can be between two set filters swap data (for example, these two filtrator paths can be to intersect to be communicated with).Application result is selected filtrator then, the output of two paths is combined, to create respondent's 102 pairing whole travel paths.
Fig. 6 A and 6B illustrate the process flow diagram that representative can be carried out the example machine readable instructions of the example travel path processor 310 that realizes Fig. 3 by processor (for example, one of processor 2305A-C of Fig. 9).The machine readable instructions of Fig. 6 A-B and/or example travel path processor 310 can be carried out by processor, controller and/or any other suitable treating apparatus.For example, the machine readable instructions of Fig. 6 A-B and/or example travel path processor 310 can specific implementation for be stored in tangible media (such as flash memory or with the random-access memory (ram) that is associated below in conjunction with the processor 2305A-C shown in the example process applicator platform 2300 of Fig. 9 discussion) on coded order.Select as another kind, some or all example machine readable instructions of Fig. 6 A-6B and/or example travel path processor 310 can use special IC (ASIC), programmable logic device (PLD) (PLD) but field programming logical device (FPLD), discreet logic, hardware, software and/or firmware are realized.And some or all example machine readable instructions of Fig. 6 A-6B and/or example travel path processor 310 can manually realize or be embodied as any several combination in the aforementioned techniques.In addition, though the example machine readable instructions of Fig. 6 A-B is introduced with reference to the flow process of Fig. 6 A-B, those of ordinary skills will be easy to recognize, can adopt other method of a lot of realization example travel path processor 310.For example, can change the order of carrying out each piece, and/or can change, cancel or make up some piece of being introduced.
The example machine readable instructions of Fig. 5 A starts from travel path processor 310 and reads configuration file (piece 604), and this configuration file is specified and will be realized which filtrator and (which) filter deployment by travel path processor 310.In example, configuration file be the type of specifying filtrator, order, in proper order, dispose, interconnect the XML file with quantity.But, can replace and use the filtrator of other type and/or quantity.
Next travel path processor 310 uses the example machine readable instructions of Fig. 5 B that the pairing travel path data of each respondent (piece 606) is handled (piece 608).If the travel path data of all respondent's correspondences has all obtained handling (piece 610), then travel path processor 310 finishes the execution of the example machine readable instructions of Fig. 5 A.Otherwise travel path processor 310 turns back to piece 606, handles the travel path of next respondent's correspondence.
Each filtrator (piece 660) beginning of the example machine readable instructions of Fig. 5 B regulation from travel path processor 310 operation filter configuration file (previously discussed).Travel path processor 310 is operated one of these filtrators (piece 662) then.If all filtrators have all obtained operation (piece 664), then media site processor 320 finishes the execution of the example machine readable instructions of Fig. 5 B.Otherwise, all obtained operation (piece 664) if not all filtrators, then travel path processor 310 turns back to piece 660 and operates next filtrator.
Turn back to the street constraint filter 450 of Fig. 4 B, alignd (promptly in (or determining) location of each derivation in the travel path, correct, control etc.), so that they are consistent with the center line of known course, thus make resulting enhancing travel path data 315 representatives along known course link up and rational travel path.Street constraint filter 450 was determined suitable and most probable position location according to the past with traveling process in the future.In example, the realization of street constraint filter 450 is used artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm and technology (utilize suitably choose subtract score value and weighted value) to carry out various travel paths and is controlled.For example, each location can be mapped on the corresponding a plurality of points of known course with nearby, to create a plurality of Bayes (Bayesian) trees that may travel paths of representative being located by connecting of getting of mapping.Value can be added to then (for example, according to Euclidean distance) on each aspect from actual location to this point.Constitute the definite cost that is associated with each paths of the pairing value of each mapping point in path by total, and choose the path of cost minimum.
In the example of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 B, travel path processor 310 can be used the geocoding data of the position that indicates known course.In addition, travel path processor 310 can be used street map file, street map file defined street constraint filter 450 operate at geography or demographic region.Like this, walking or pass this regional travel path part in this zone will be handled by street constraint filter 450.In the example of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 B, street map file is definition by four longitudes and the latitude configurable XML file to the simple demarcation rectangle that limits.Travel path processor 310 uses these demarcation rectangles to determine the highway section (for example, 50 feet long) in the described zone of falling into of the known course of each bar.Travel path processor 310 is carried out operation that the location is retrained, so that align with the center line in one of highway section in dropping on described zone in these location.
Fig. 6 A illustrates the example travel path part of the location (1-20 represents with circle) that comprises 20 derivation.In example street constraint filter 450, travel segment is the one group of continuous data of arranging in order that is associated with a certain known course.For example, in Fig. 6 A, the Pine street has three travel segment that are associated with it: (1,2,3,4,5), (13,14,15,16) and (19,20).
The determinacy path is to construct by forcing each location to be associated with only highway section of known course.Fig. 6 B illustrates the example determinacy path according to the structure of the example travel path shown in Fig. 6 A, and wherein each node in the example determinacy path is equivalent to a travel segment.If street constraint filter 450 is only considered the determinacy path, a then very possible point seem immediate known course in fact be not respondent 102 advance along known course.For example, in the example of Fig. 6 A, location 17 may be associated with second street or Pine.
Abandon dependence to the determinacy path, example street constraint filter 450 constructed comprise a plurality of from navigating to the decision tree of mapping that may known course.Like this, decision tree is by may constituting by travel path with these location are corresponding, and wherein the complexity of this decision tree depends on the equivocal amount (for example, the quantity of ambiguous points or number percent) in the location.Each node in the decision tree is represented the travel segment (that is candidate road section) of candidate travel path.Fig. 6 C illustrates the example decision tree that comprises two branches by the example travel path data configuration shown in Fig. 6 A.The example decision tree of Fig. 6 C is less relatively, because travel path data has relatively low equivocal amount.
By the structure decision tree, street constraint filter 450 can adopt fuzzy logic, by setting the possibility that each candidate travel path that one group of rule come to determine constitutes decision tree is the actual travel path taked of respondent 102.Specifically, be that each candidate travel path distributes a scoring, and the candidate travel path with the highest scoring is the travel path that respondent 102 most possibly takes.
In example street constraint filter 450, find that current location is subjected to having the greatest impact of immediate adjacent position.For example, in the example of Fig. 6 A, 16 and 18 influence should still mainly be located in location 17 at second the street on Pine.Like this, example street constraint filter 450 is used fallout predictor-corrector algorithm.For example, for the best known route that carries out of determining that the location is mapped to, example street constraint filter 450 searching loop travel path data are up to the decision tree that has constituted predetermined depth (for example, four).Example street constraint filter 450 is that each branch in the finite depth tree determines scoring then, and chooses the branch with the highest scoring.A location (or candidate road section) is made after the judgement, and 450 pairs of next location of example street constraint filter (or candidate road section) repeat this processing.
Can use various methods (that is discrimination standard) to come to mark for each branch of finite depth decision tree.For example, the location is obviously in alignment etc. with respect to candidate road section to the degree of closeness of candidate road section, location.Fig. 7 A illustrates other example position fixes.The example discrimination standard is based on data moment, such as the data moment that obtains about candidate road section.Fig. 7 B and 7C illustrate respectively two kinds of square values of the example position fixes of Fig. 7 A that obtains about first street and second street.For the candidate road section with less mean distance or square value is evaluated than the high grade of candidate road section with higher mean distance or square value.In example street constraint filter 450, use data moment as the initial score of distributing to candidate road section (that is the node of decision tree).
Another kind of example discrimination standard is scalar product (dot product), and the degree that scalar product measurement candidate road section is alignd with corresponding location how.The scalar product of candidate road section and location is determined the angle between location and the candidate road section.In this example, if angle near 0 or 180 degree, then be travel segment (that is, a decision tree node) evaluation higher level (that is, obtaining bonus point), and if this angle spend near 90 or 270, then subtract branch for travel segment.
Another kind of again example discrimination standard utilizes the contextual analysis based on candidate road section.For example, consider candidate road section s[n].Fig. 8 A has listed to reward and has given candidate road section s[n] some example contextual analysis bonus point.Specifically, if s[n] have continuity point (that is, the location) more than five, then reward candidate road section s[n] 40% bonus point (that is, its scoring being increased by 40%).If last candidate road section s[n-1] scoring greater than scheduled volume (for example, 60), then reward candidate road section s[n] 10% bonus point.
Fig. 8 B-G illustrates the example candidate segment configurations that causes 15% contextual analysis to subtract branch separately.For example, shown in Fig. 8 C, if candidate road section s[n] with s[n+1] do not link to each other, then to candidate road section s[n] carry out 15% the branch that subtracts.
Turn back to Fig. 3, in order to determine whether to have taken place the appearance of respondent 102 before media site 115, the MECD 300 of Fig. 3 comprises passage processor 328.Passage processor 328 in the example shown in Figure 3 is used the travel path data 315 that is enhanced, is included in the media site positional information in the database 130, has an opportunity to see that with respondent 102 mode of media site 115 determines whether respondent 102 has passed through media site 115 (Fig. 1).For in the example shown in Fig. 3 will be to the media site 115 of media exposure integration, respondent 102 is (for example, in the preset distance) media site 115 of passing through ' close enough '.Each time exposure integration at media site 115 is recorded in the database 130 by passage processor 328.
Fig. 9 illustrates the example processor system 2300 that can realize method and apparatus disclosed herein.Processor system 2300 comprises one or more processor 2305A-C with interconnected system storer.System storage can comprise one or more in random-access memory (ram) 2315 and the ROM (read-only memory) (ROM) 2317.
In the example of Fig. 9, a plurality of processor 2305A-C with other peripherals or the device interfaces i/o controller hub (ICH) 2325 be communicated with.In the example shown, comprise input media 2327, mass storage device 2340 (for example, hard disk drive), USB (universal serial bus) (USB) 2345, USB device 2350, the network port 2355 (this network port also communicates with network 2360) and/or mobile storage means driver 2357 with the peripherals of ICH2325 interfaces.Mobile storage means driver 2357 can comprise the movable storage medium 2358 that is associated, such as magnetic medium or optical medium.One or more peripherals can be realized providing the locator data 305 that is write down by Download Server 120.Mass storage device 2340 can be used for the example machine readable instructions shown in storage map 5A and the 5B.
The example processor system 2300 of Fig. 9 also comprises video graphics adaptor card 2320, and this card is the peripherals that communicates and communicate with display device 2322 with Memory Controller hub (MCH) 2310.
Mobile storage means driver 2357 for example can be a CD-ROM drive, such as CD-R (CD-R) driver, CD-RW (CD-RW) driver, digital universal disc (DVD) driver or any other CD-ROM drive.Can be magnetic media drive for example in addition.Movable storage medium 2358 is auxiliary products of mobile storage means driver 2357, thus, select medium 2358 to work with driver 2357.For example, if mobile storage means driver 2357 is CD-ROM drives, then movable storage medium 2358 can be CD-R dish, CD-RW dish, DVD dish or any CD that other is suitable for.On the other hand, if mobile storage means driver 2357 is magnetic medium device drivers, then movable storage medium 2358 can be for example disk or any magnetic-based storage media that other is suitable for.Movable storage medium 2358 also can be used for the location of being write down being provided or being used for stored data base 130 by Download Server 120.
Certainly, it will be recognized by those of ordinary skills, the order of the storer shown in the example system, size and ratio can change.In addition, comprise (except other ingredient) software of on hardware, carrying out or the example system of firmware, should be noted that these systems only are illustrative and should think to limit though this patent discloses.For example, it is contemplated that, any or all of these hardware and software ingredients can be specially with hardware, specially with software, make up specific implementation with firmware or with certain of hardware, firmware and/or software specially.Therefore, those of ordinary skills are easy to recognize that the example of introducing above is not a sole mode of realizing these systems.
The exemplary method of introducing to small part, machine readable instructions and/or equipment are to be realized by one or more software and/or the firmware program that move on the computer processor.But, can make up exemplary method and/or the equipment that the specialized hardware way of realization that includes but is not limited to special IC, programmable logic array and other hardware unit integrally or partly realizes that some or all this paper introduces equally.And, also can constitute other the software way of realization that can Gong select for use that includes but is not limited to distributed treatment or component/object distributed treatment, parallel processing or virtual machine processing and realize exemplary method and/or the equipment that this paper introduces.
Shall also be noted that example software and/or firmware way of realization that this paper introduces are to be stored in as required in the entity stores medium, this entity stores medium is such as magnetic medium (for example, disk or tape); Magneto-optic or optical medium are such as dish; Perhaps solid state medium is such as storage card or containing one or more read-only (non-volatile) storer, random access memory or other can rewrite other packing forms of (volatibility) storer; The signal that perhaps comprises computer instruction.Regard the digital file attachment of Email or other self-contained information document or document sets as be equivalent to the entity stores medium distribution medium.Therefore, the example software that this paper can be introduced and/or firmware stores are on entity stores medium or distribution medium, such as medium that introduce previously or of equal value or follow-up exploitation.
From the instructions of front is to introduce example ingredient and this angle of function with reference to some standard and agreement, should be appreciated that instruction of the present disclosure is not limited to these standards and agreement.For example, the various standards (for example USB) that are used for communicating by letter between the various standards of the Internet and other packet switched network transmission (for example, transmission control protocol (TCP)/IP, User Datagram Protoco (UDP) (UDP)/IP, hyper text markup language (HTML), hypertext transport communication protocol (THHP)) and intercomputer and device are the examples of prior art.These standards are regularly replaced by the faster equivalence margin more efficiently with same general function.Therefore, have and to comprise within the scope of the appended claims by alternate standard and the agreement that identical function of equal value is predicted in instruction of the present disclosure.
Instruction of the present disclosure has considered that one or more comprises instruction or receives and carry out machine readable media from the instruction of transmitting signal, thereby the device that for example links to each other with network environment can use these instructions to send by network or reception voice, video or data and communicate.Such device can be realized by any electronic installation that voice, video or data communication are provided, such as phone, wireless phone, mobile phone, cell phone, PDA(Personal Digital Assistant), set-top box, computing machine and/or server.
Though this paper introduction is specific exemplary method, equipment and goods, the coverage of this patent is not limited thereto.On the contrary, this patent has been contained all methods, equipment and the goods of going up or rationally dropping on the doctrine of equivalents within the claims scope from literal.
The sequence number that the name that the present invention requires on July 30th, 2004 to submit to is called " Methods and Apparatusfor Processing Data Collected by a GPS-enabled Media MeasurementSystem " is the rights and interests of No. 60/592554 U.S. Provisional Application.Be that No. 60/592554 U.S. Provisional Application and sequence number are that the U. S. application integral body of No. 10/686872 and No. 10/318422 is incorporated this paper into hereby by reference with sequence number.
Claims (24)
1. method said method comprising the steps of:
Handle the data of representative, with at least one in the integrality that strengthens described data or the precision by the position of electronic device records;
Derive the location according to treated data; With
In the location of being derived at least one made amendment, to align with known course.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein the step that described data are handled comprises described data is filtered.
3. method according to claim 2 is wherein filtered described data and is comprised and use a plurality of filtrators.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein the step that described data are handled comprises derives accurate satellite position, calculate the satellite elevation angle, set initial alignment or carry out at least a in the autonomous completeness management of receiver according to the location that comprises in the described data that estimate.
5. method according to claim 1 wherein derives described localization step by treated data and comprises described treated data are filtered.
6. method according to claim 1, if wherein by treated data derive described localization step comprise accurate satellite position that use derives and the signal that receives derive location, use a plurality of signals that receive and interpolation clock drift derive location, use known location and respondent's gait of march derive locate or detect multipath distortion then remove determine or the location of being derived at least a.
7. method according to claim 1 is wherein made amendment, is comprised the use artificial intelligence technology with the step of aliging with known course in the location of being derived at least one.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein in the location of being derived at least one make amendment, with the step of aliging with known course comprise structure represent may travel path decision tree, be the corresponding travel path of branch of high combinatory possibility that has of the node distribution possibility value of described decision tree and selection and described decision tree.
9. at least a based in data moment, data line scalar product or the contextual analysis of method according to claim 8, wherein said possibility value.
10. equipment, described equipment comprises the processor that communicates and be programmed to carry out following operation with storer:
Handle the data of representative, with at least one in the integrality that strengthens described data or the precision by the position of electronic device records;
Derive the location by treated data; With
In the location of being derived at least one made amendment, to align with known course.
11. equipment according to claim 10 wherein is programmed for described processor by using at least one filtrator that described data are filtered described data is handled.
12. equipment according to claim 10 wherein is programmed for described processor and is used for coming processing said data by at least a among the result of the location that comprises in the accurate satellite position of use deriving, the satellite elevation angle that calculates, the described data that estimate or the autonomous completeness management of receiver.
13. equipment according to claim 10, if wherein described processor is programmed for be used for by use at least a in accurate satellite position derived and the signal that receives derive location, use a plurality of signals that receive and interpolation clock drift derive location, use known location and respondent's gait of march derive locate or detect multipath distortion then remove determine or the treated data of location cause that derived derive described location.
14. equipment according to claim 10 wherein is programmed for described processor and is used for by using artificial intelligence technology to come in the location of being derived at least one made amendment, to align with known course.
15. equipment according to claim 10, wherein described processor is programmed for be used for by structure represent may travel path decision tree, for the corresponding travel path of branch of high combinatory possibility of having of the node distribution possibility value of described decision tree and selection and described decision tree comes in the location of being derived at least one made amendment, to align with known course.
16. at least a based in data moment, data line scalar product or the contextual analysis of equipment according to claim 15, wherein said possibility value.
17. a machine readable media, described machine readable media has the instruction that is stored thereon, and these instructions make machine carry out following operation when obtaining carrying out:
Handle the data of representative, with at least one in the integrality that strengthens described data or the precision by the position of electronic device records;
Derive the location by treated data; With
In the location of being derived at least one made amendment, to align with known course.
18. machine readable media according to claim 17, wherein said instruction make described machine by using at least one filtrator that described data are filtered described data be handled when obtaining carrying out.
19. machine readable media according to claim 17, wherein said instruction make described machine come processing said data by at least a among the result of the location that comprises in the accurate satellite position of use deriving, the satellite elevation angle that calculates, the described data that estimate or the autonomous completeness management of receiver when obtaining carrying out.
20. machine readable media according to claim 17, if wherein said instruction when obtaining carrying out, make described machine by use at least a in accurate satellite position derived and the signal that receives derive location, use a plurality of signals that receive and interpolation clock drift derive location, use known location and respondent's gait of march derive locate or detect multipath distortion then remove determine or the treated data of location cause that derived derive described location.
21. machine readable media according to claim 17, wherein said instruction make described machine come in the location of being derived at least one made amendment by using artificial intelligence technology when obtaining carrying out, to align with known course.
22. machine readable media according to claim 17, wherein said instruction makes the decision tree of described machine by the possible travel path of structure representative, comes in the location of being derived at least one made amendment for the node of described decision tree distributes the corresponding travel path of branch of high combinatory possibility of having of possibility value and selection and described decision tree, to align with known course when obtaining carrying out.
23. at least a based in data moment, data line scalar product or the contextual analysis of machine readable media according to claim 22, wherein said possibility value.
24. an equipment, described equipment comprises:
Document reader, this document reader are configured for and read the record data of representing the respondent position;
Storer, this storer is configured for the storage data; With
Processing engine, this processing engine is configured for the application filtrator, and these filtrators carry out following operation:
Handle the data of described record, with at least one in the integrality that strengthens described data or the precision,
By treated data derive the location and
In the location of being derived at least one made amendment, to align with known course.
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| US8462048B2 (en) | 2001-12-31 | 2013-06-11 | Rdpa, Llc | Satellite positioning system and method for determining the demographics of individuals passing retail locations |
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| US9332363B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2016-05-03 | The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc | System and method for determining meter presence utilizing ambient fingerprints |
| US10083459B2 (en) | 2014-02-11 | 2018-09-25 | The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc | Methods and apparatus to generate a media rank |
| US9551588B2 (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2017-01-24 | The Nielsen Company, LLC | Methods and systems to determine consumer locations based on navigational voice cues |
| CN110619548A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-27 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for determining media content delivery strategy |
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| US8462048B2 (en) | 2001-12-31 | 2013-06-11 | Rdpa, Llc | Satellite positioning system and method for determining the demographics of individuals passing retail locations |
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