CN101207620A - 用于传输数据的方法 - Google Patents

用于传输数据的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101207620A
CN101207620A CNA2007101693943A CN200710169394A CN101207620A CN 101207620 A CN101207620 A CN 101207620A CN A2007101693943 A CNA2007101693943 A CN A2007101693943A CN 200710169394 A CN200710169394 A CN 200710169394A CN 101207620 A CN101207620 A CN 101207620A
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China
Prior art keywords
transmission
data
protocol
designed
encoded
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CNA2007101693943A
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English (en)
Inventor
马丁·达尔
安德烈斯·施特尔特
麦克尔·希尔格
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ABB Patent GmbH
ABB AG Germany
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ABB Patent GmbH
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Publication of CN101207620A publication Critical patent/CN101207620A/zh
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40Bus networks
    • H04L12/4013Management of data rate on the bus
    • H04L12/40136Nodes adapting their rate to the physical link properties
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0423Input/output
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/418Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
    • G05B19/4185Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by the network communication
    • G05B19/4186Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by the network communication by protocol, e.g. MAP, TOP
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20Pc systems
    • G05B2219/25Pc structure of the system
    • G05B2219/25008Different buses, protocols on same line, also dsl
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20Pc systems
    • G05B2219/25Pc structure of the system
    • G05B2219/25166USB, firewire, ieee-1394
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/31From computer integrated manufacturing till monitoring
    • G05B2219/31121Fielddevice, field controller, interface connected to fieldbus
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40Bus networks
    • H04L2012/4026Bus for use in automation systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2212/00Encapsulation of packets
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Systems (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于在现场设备和操作装置之间传输数据的方法,其中所述现场设备被设计为通过现场总线协议与用于执行自动化技术任务的上级装置通信,并且所述操作装置被设计为用于采用面向分组的传输协议进行比特序列的点对点通信的主机。建议按照现场总线协议的规定对要传输的数据进行编码,并利用面向分组的传输协议通过传输信道传送。

Description

用于传输数据的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1的前序部分所述特征的用于在现场设备和操作装置之间传输数据的方法。
背景技术
已知的用于自动化技术的现场设备被设计为通过现场总线协议与用于执行自动化技术任务的上级装置进行通信。为此,该现场设备具有一个接口,用于在按照规定的使用期间以及为了按照规定的使用目的而与现场总线相连接。在最简单的实施方式中,现场通信通过HART协议实现。
此外,现场设备可以配备另一个接口,用于连接操作装置。该操作装置与现场设备相连接以用于该现场设备的配置、启动运行、维护或者固件更新。对于复杂的操作过程,作为操作装置已证明个人计算机、尤其是作为膝上型电脑或笔记本的移动形式是非常合适的。相应地,这样的可操作现场设备配备有UART兼容的标准接口,用于直接与个人计算机连接。
缺点是,UART标准接口仅支持低的数据传输速率,而且在其操作时与中断要求(IRQ)相关联。此外,新型的个人计算机趋向于不再配备UART标准接口,从而必须要使用附加的、接口转换器形式的装备,以用于将现场设备上的UART接口转换为个人计算机上的接口—大多是USB。在使用这种接口转换器时已经证明,经过转换的接口之间的概念上的差异产生了妨碍通信的时序问题。
发明内容
因此本发明要解决的技术问题在于提供一种用于在现场设备和操作装置之间进行数据传输的方法,该方法避免了现有技术中的缺点。
按照本发明该技术问题通过权利要求1所述装置解决。本发明的优选实施方式在从属权利要求中给出。
本发明由这样一种现场设备出发,其通过现场总线协议与用于执行自动化技术任务的上级装置进行通信。此外本发明还基于这样一种操作装置,其被设计为用于采用面向分组的传输协议进行比特序列的点对点通信的主机。
按照本发明,按照现场总线协议的规定对要传输的数据进行编码,并利用面向分组的传输协议通过传输信道传送。具体地说,在相应的发送器中将待传输的数据编码成所实施的现场总线协议的、属于现场设备自己的语言。通过采用已经在现场设备中实施为用于以自动化技术设备的体系结构按照规定地进行通信的现场总线协议,避免了句法和语义的通信干扰。
为了通过传输信道传送,将经过编码的待传输数据内嵌在操作装置的面向分组的传输协议中并进行传输。在此可以不采用转换器,因为该传输协议在整个传输信道上都保持相同。由此还可以避免由于不兼容产生的时序问题。
具体实施方式
下面借助一个实施例详细解释本发明的其它细节和优点。在此,作为操作装置设置一个笔记本,该笔记本具有至少一个USB接口并且在该笔记本上运行一个操作系统,该操作系统配备了用于操作该USB接口的驱动器。该笔记本作为USB主机工作。
作为现场设备设置一个用于将物理参数转换为电参数的测量转换器,该测量转换器配备有微控制器并具有USB接口,该USB接口为了通信目的可由微控制器操作。测量转换器被设计为根据HART规范的规则进行通信。
笔记本和测量转换器与市场上常见的并且符合标准的USB电缆相连接。该电缆是4芯的,其中两芯用于差分的数据传输,两芯用于向连接的各USB设备供电。测量转换器作为USB设备通过该USB电缆由USB主机、即笔记本供电。有利的是,由此可不采用测量转换器的单独的电源。测量转换器的电源在与笔记本连接时自动产生。尤其是在测量转换器在自动化技术设备之外运行而且缺乏对测量转换器馈电的设备连线的工厂或实验室中,电线连接的费用最低而且一目了然。由此将装置组装时的错误概率降至最低。
笔记本和测量转换器之间的通信通过USB接口按照USB协议进行。根据HART规范对内嵌在USB协议中的数据进行编码。该编码在主机上通过操作程序中的一个程序例程实现。测量转换器按照规定被设计为根据HART规范的规则进行通信。优选地,通常采用的微处理器系列的处理器已经配备了集成的USB接口。因此按照本发明的指导进行的转换可以用很低的技术和开发费用完成。
本发明的另一个优点在于更高的传输速度以及由此带来的维护过程的更短持续时间。理论上的速度优势是倍数150(9600波特对1.5Mbit/s的“低速”USB)、1200(9600波特对12Mbit/s的“全速”USB)或50000(9600波特对480Mbit/s的“高速”USB)。该速度优势尤其是在费用高的现场设备中是引人注意的,在这样的现场设备中制造数据的写入和检查到目前为止的持续时间在两位数分钟的范围内,而根据本发明的指导在几秒中内就完成了配置。
该经济优势既在制造设备时出现也在稍后对该设备进行配置、启动运行、维护或固件更新时出现。

Claims (3)

1.一种用于在现场设备和操作装置之间传输数据的方法,其中所述现场设备被设计为通过现场总线协议与用于执行自动化技术任务的上级装置进行通信,并且所述操作装置被设计为用于采用面向分组的传输协议进行比特序列的点对点通信的主机,其特征在于,按照现场总线协议的规定对要传输的数据进行编码,并利用面向分组的传输协议通过传输信道传送。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述待传输的数据按照HART协议的规定被编码。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述待编码的数据利用USB协议通过传输信道被传送。
CNA2007101693943A 2006-12-20 2007-11-26 用于传输数据的方法 Pending CN101207620A (zh)

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DE102006060214.5 2006-12-20
DE102006060214A DE102006060214A1 (de) 2006-12-20 2006-12-20 Verfahren zur Datenübertragung

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN105159197A (zh) * 2015-09-11 2015-12-16 重庆川仪自动化股份有限公司 一种通过usb接口读取hart仪表参数的系统
CN105378666A (zh) * 2014-07-04 2016-03-02 Abb技术有限公司 独立式自动化设备以及机器

Families Citing this family (3)

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DE102008027932A1 (de) * 2008-06-12 2010-03-04 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Übertragung von Daten zwischen einem Feldgerät der Automatisierungstechnik und einer Bedieneinheit
CN103517257A (zh) * 2012-06-28 2014-01-15 华为技术有限公司 业务信息提供方法、装置及网络系统
DE102014105075B4 (de) * 2014-04-09 2023-12-07 Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Kommunikationsanordnung zur Datenkommunikation

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US6839790B2 (en) * 2002-06-21 2005-01-04 Smar Research Corporation Plug and play reconfigurable USB interface for industrial fieldbus network access
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105378666A (zh) * 2014-07-04 2016-03-02 Abb技术有限公司 独立式自动化设备以及机器
CN105378666B (zh) * 2014-07-04 2019-10-25 Abb瑞士股份有限公司 独立式自动化设备以及机器
CN105159197A (zh) * 2015-09-11 2015-12-16 重庆川仪自动化股份有限公司 一种通过usb接口读取hart仪表参数的系统

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US8452883B2 (en) 2013-05-28
DE202006020880U1 (de) 2010-08-19
DE102006060214A1 (de) 2008-07-03

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Open date: 20080625