CN101205203A - 苄氧基脲的合成 - Google Patents
苄氧基脲的合成 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种苄氧基脲,其特征是通式为:式中R=H、CH3、OCH3、卤素苄氧基脲由羟基脲与氯化苄反应得到,苄氧基脲是在羟基脲的基础上,增加了芳香基,使化合物的分子量和脂溶性都增加了,空间结构也发生了变化,化合物的生物利用度提高,抗肿瘤活性增强,毒副作用降低。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种羟基脲衍生物的合成,尤其是苄氧基脲的合成。
背景技术
羟基脲(Hydroxyurea HU)主要用于治疗慢性粒细胞白血病(慢粒)、黑色素瘤、慢粒的加速期和急变期、真性红细胞增多症,另对头颈部原发性鳞癌、复发生转移性卵巢癌等亦有一定疗效;近的来,发现它对镰状细胞性贫血、β地中海贫血、银屑病等有肯定疗效。还有研究报道称,HU与核酸同类物DDI(didanosine)联合用药,可治疗艾滋病,资料显示治疗一年后无明显反弹。羟基脲的临床毒性主要表现为骨髓抑制、皮肤毒性、轻度胃肠道毒性及肝肾功能异常。并是确认的遗传毒物和动物致畸原,对人具有确切的致癌作用。
药物要达到生物体的受体部位与其结合,脂溶性的大小有很大关系,因为药物要透过细胞膜才能与受体结合,脂溶性越小,越不易被吸收。但HU分子量小(MW=76.06)和极性大(logPo\w=1.80),脂膜穿透能力较弱,这也是造成羟基脲毒副作用大和生物利用度低的主要原因。因此,人们以羟基脲为先导化合物合成各种羟基脲衍生物,以降低基毒副作用,增大它的脂溶性,使其更好地与受体部分结合以提高生物利用度。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种以羟基脲为先导化合物,合成苄氧基脲的方法。
本发明是这样来实现的,其特征是苄氧基脲的通式为:
式中R=H、CH3、OCH3、卤素
苄氧基脲的合成:取羟基脲2g溶于80ml甲醇中,加入1.9gKOH,加热回流,缓慢滴加3.20ml氯化苄的甲醇溶液20ml,搅拌回流13小时,用TLC跟踪反应(展开剂:氯仿∶丙酮=5∶1,然后喷三氯化铁溶液,无蓝色斑点为反应终点),待反应完全后,反应溶液在35℃减压蒸馏,固体残渣用氯仿多次洗涤,再用丙酮∶氯仿5∶2重结晶,得3.46g白色晶体。m.p=140-142℃。
本发明的优点是:苄氧基脲是在羟基脲的基础理论,增加了芳香基,使化合物的分子量和脂溶性都增加了,空间结构也发生了变化,化合化的生物利用度提高了,抗肿瘤活性增强,毒副作用降低。
具体实施方式
实施例1:苄氧基脲的合成:取羟基脲2g溶于80ml甲醇中,加入1.9gKOH,加热回流,缓慢滴加3.20ml氯化苄的甲醇溶液20ml,搅拌回流13小时,用TLC跟踪反应(展开剂:氯仿∶丙酮=5∶1,然后喷三氯化铁溶液,无蓝色斑点为反应终点),待反应完全后,反应溶液在35℃减压蒸馏,固体残渣用氯仿多次洗涤,再用丙酮∶氯仿5∶2重结晶,得3.46g白色晶体。m.p=140-142℃。
实施例2:甲基苄氧基脲的合成:取羟基脲2g溶于80ml甲醇中,加入1.9gKOH,加热回流,缓慢滴加3.66ml对甲基氯化苄的甲醇溶液20ml,搅拌回流12小时,用TLC跟踪反应(展开剂:氯仿∶丙酮=5∶1,然后喷三氯化铁溶液,无蓝色斑点为反应终点),待反应完全后,反应溶液在35℃减压蒸馏,固体残渣用氯仿多次洗涤,再用丙酮∶氯仿5∶2重结晶,得3.84g白色晶体。m.p=124-126℃。
实施例3:甲氧基苄氧基脲的合成:取羟基脲2g溶于80ml甲醇中,加入1.9gKOH,加热回流,缓慢滴加4.07ml对甲基氧基氯化苄的甲醇溶液20ml,搅拌回流11小时,用TLC跟踪反应(展开剂:氯仿∶丙酮=5∶1,然后喷三氯化铁溶液,无蓝色斑点为反应终点),待反应完全后,反应溶液在35℃减压蒸馏,固体残渣用氯仿多次洗涤,再用丙酮∶氯仿5∶2.5重结晶,得4.29g白色晶体。m.p=121-123℃。
实施例4:氯苄氧基脲的合成:取羟基脲2g溶于80ml甲醇中,加入1.9gKOH,加热回流,缓慢滴加4.19ml间氯氯化苄的甲醇溶液20ml,搅拌回流14小时,用TLC跟踪反应(展开剂:氯仿∶丙酮=5∶1,然后喷三氯化铁溶液,无蓝色斑点为反应终点),待反应完全后,反应溶液在35℃减压蒸馏,固体残渣用氯仿多次洗涤,再用丙酮∶氯仿5∶2重结晶,得3.76g白色晶体。m.p=130-132℃。
实施例5:溴苄氧基脲的合成:取羟基脲2g溶于80ml甲醇中,加入1.9gKOH,加热回流,缓慢滴加6.50g对溴溴化苄的氯仿溶液10ml,搅拌回流16小时,用TLC跟踪反应(展开剂:氯仿∶丙酮=5∶1,然后喷三氯化铁溶液,无蓝色斑点为反应终点),待反应完全后,反应溶液在35℃减压蒸馏,固体残渣用氯仿多次洗涤,再用丙酮∶氯仿5∶2重结晶,得4.84g白色晶体。m.p=163-164℃。
实施例6:氟苄氧基脲的合成:取羟基脲2g溶于80ml甲醇中,加入1.9gKOH,加热回流,缓慢滴加3.76ml邻氟氯化苄的甲醇溶液20ml,搅拌回流14小时,用TLC跟踪反应(展开剂:氯仿∶丙酮=5∶1,然后喷三氯化铁溶液,无蓝色斑点为反应终点),待反应完全后,反应溶液在35℃减压蒸馏,固体残渣用氯仿多次洗涤,再用丙酮∶氯仿5∶2重结晶,得3.50g白色晶体。m.p=150-152℃。
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102584711A (zh) * | 2012-02-04 | 2012-07-18 | 南昌大学 | 具有抗肿瘤活性的3-苄氧基乙内酰脲 |
CN105330570A (zh) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-02-17 | 齐鲁天和惠世制药有限公司 | 一种羟基脲的制备方法 |
CN106977443A (zh) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-07-25 | 南昌大学 | 一类o‑苄基取代的异羟肟酸衍生物及其制备方法和药物的用途 |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102584711A (zh) * | 2012-02-04 | 2012-07-18 | 南昌大学 | 具有抗肿瘤活性的3-苄氧基乙内酰脲 |
CN102584711B (zh) * | 2012-02-04 | 2014-04-09 | 南昌大学 | 具有抗肿瘤活性的3-苄氧基乙内酰脲 |
CN105330570A (zh) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-02-17 | 齐鲁天和惠世制药有限公司 | 一种羟基脲的制备方法 |
CN106977443A (zh) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-07-25 | 南昌大学 | 一类o‑苄基取代的异羟肟酸衍生物及其制备方法和药物的用途 |
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