CN101201498A

CN101201498A - Display device, terminal device, display panel, and optical member

Info

Publication number: CN101201498A
Application number: CNA2007101668636A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 上原伸一
Original assignee: NEC LCD Technologies Ltd
Current assignee: Tianma Japan Ltd
Priority date: 2006-10-23
Filing date: 2007-10-23
Publication date: 2008-06-18
Also published as: JP5544646B2; JP2013008034A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a dispaly device, a terminal unit, a display panel and optical member. A reflective liquid crystal display panel is a display panel for three-dimensional display in which pixel pairs as display elements composed of one left-eye pixel L and one right-eye pixel R each are provided in a matrix. The lenticular lens is an optical member for image separation that is provided to separate the light from the left and right pixels, and numerous lenticular lenses form a lens array that is arranged in one dimension. An anisotropic scattering sheet as an anisotropic scattering element is provided between the lenticular lens and the reflective liquid crystal display panel. According to this configuration, a reduction in the quality of the reflective display can be minimized, and improved image quality can be achieved without changing the concavo-convex structure of the reflecting panel and the lens shape of the lenticular lens in display device that is capable of displaying different images to a plurality of viewpoints.

Description

Display device, terminal device, display panel and optical component

Technical field

The present invention relates to can be to the display device of each display image of a plurality of viewpoints, relate to terminal device, and more particularly, relate to and to reduce the display device that display quality that the structure by display device causes worsens, relate to terminal device, and relate to the display panel and the optical component that can be used in suitably in display device and the terminal device.

Background technology

Because technical development recently, display panel are configured and are used in and comprise monitor, television receiver and other big terminal devices; Notebook-sized personal computer, ATM (Automatic Teller Machine), vending machine and other medium-sized terminal devices; And individual TVs, PDAs (personal digital assistant: the personal information terminal), mobile phone is in each position in the scope of moving game equipment and other little terminal devices.Because their thin outward appearance, body are light, small-sized, low energy consumption and other advantages, particularly use the display device of liquid crystal to be configured in the great amount of terminals equipment.Even present display device demonstrates when the viewpoint that never is in positive direction is seen, also can see and positive identical content, but develop the display device that to watch different images according to viewpoint, and expectation is display device of future generation.Three-dimensional image display device is as showing the example of the equipment of different images to each of a plurality of viewpoints.Three-dimensional image display device must have the different images that is used for right and left eyes is provided for left and right sides viewpoint, i.e. the function of anaglyph.

Past, as the method that is used for realizing particularly above-mentioned functions, after deliberation multiple three-dimensional image display systems, and these systems can broadly be divided into system that uses glasses and the system that does not use glasses.Use the system of glasses to comprise the anaglyph system that uses aberration, polarised light glasses system and the other system that uses polarized light, but the inconvenience of glasses is intrinsic to these systems.Therefore, in recent years, studied the glasses-free system that does not use glasses in large quantities.

The glasses-free system comprises pod shape lens combination, parallax barrier system or the like.As described in the Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No.2004-280079, pod shape lens combination with pod shape lens with acting on respect to a plurality of viewpoints the device of partitioned image.In these pod shape lens, forms by the plane for one of the surface, and opposite face has in vertically, form parallel to each other, in a plurality of semicolumn convex surface part (cylindrical lens) of a direction extension.In pod shape lens three-dimensional image display device, press from the order of observer's direction, arrange pod shape lens and display panel, and the pixel of display panel is positioned at the focal plane of pod shape lens.In display panel, arrange the pixel that is used to show the pixel of eye image and is used to show left-eye image by over-over mode.At this moment, sets of adjacent pixels is corresponding to the convex surface part of pod shape lens.Thus, by the convex surface part of pod shape lens, will be assigned to a left side and right eye direction from the light of pixel.Can discern different images by right and left eyes, and the observer can discern 3-D view.

The parallax barrier system uses fence (resistance optic panel), a plurality of openings of the shape of narrow vertical stripes in described fence, and for example slit forms the device that is used for partitioned image.The group that will comprise the pixel that is used to show left-eye image and be used to show the pixel of eye image is arranged in the slit corresponding to parallax barrier.Therefore, stop by fence to be used to show the pixel of left-eye image and can not see, and only to be useful on the pixel that shows eye image be visible to observer's right eye by observer's right eye.In a like fashion, block by fence and to be used to show that the pixel of eye image and observer's left eye can not see, and the pixel that is used to show left-eye image only observer's left eye can see.Therefore, when showing anaglyph, the observer can discern 3-D view.

When proposing the parallax barrier system for the first time, between pixel and eyes, place parallax barrier, the problem of bad visibility is watched and is caused in overslaugh thus.Yet the recent development of liquid crystal display improves visibility after having allowed parallax barrier is placed on display panel thus.Therefore, study the parallax barrier three-dimensional image display device just energetically.Yet the parallax barrier system is used to use fence, the system of the light that " hidden " is unnecessary, and pod shape lens combination changes the direction of propagation of light, and pod shape lens combination has on the principle, do not reduce the advantage of the brightness of display image.Therefore, pod shape lens combination is studied and is used for particularly mobile device or the like, and wherein, high brightness demonstration and low-power consumption are very important.

As another example that can show the equipment of different images, many images while display devices (for example seeing Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No.06-332354) that can show a plurality of different images simultaneously to a plurality of viewpoints have been developed to a plurality of viewpoints.In this shows, under the same conditions, utilize and use the function of pod shape lens distribution diagram picture to come each direction of observation is shown different images simultaneously.Therefore, the display device energy while provide the image that differs from one another to a plurality of observers that are positioned at the direction that differs from one another with respect to display device to single many images simultaneously.According to Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No.06-332354, compare with a plurality of conventional single image display device of preparing to equate with the number of a plurality of images that will show simultaneously, use this many images feasible installing space and power cost of reducing of display device simultaneously.

Owing to can show different images to each different points of view thus, research provides the display device of pod shape lens, parallax barrier or other optical components just energetically.Yet the inventor has been found that can produce several problems when only providing optical component, and the inventor has proposed to be used to overcome the means of these problems.

For example, when as described in the Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No.2004-280079, use half transmitting display panel and reflective display panel, when it has the Reflector Panel of band convex-concave structure in the pixel, produce the zone that position according to the observation partly reduces the brightness of demonstration, when changing the observation place, display seems deepening in the position that reduces brightness, and in some cases, observe the concealed wire pattern overlapping on image.Can find out that the variation by the brightness that shows causes that display quality reduces.The reason of this problem is that reflection angle changes according to the pitch angle of the dip plane that constitutes concaveconvex structure when the reflection of the concaveconvex structure by forming on Reflector Panel during by the exterior light of pod shape lens focus.Therefore, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No.2004-280079 has proposed a kind ofly to be used to pod shape lens are provided so that its focal length is different from the method for the distance between Reflector Panel and lens; Be used to be provided with the dip plane of concaveconvex structure so that concaveconvex structure repeatedly reflects the method by the light of pod shape lens focus; And to be used for concaveconvex structure is set so that have between the pixel of probability in the alignment direction of cylindrical lens of dip plane at a certain pitch angle that is present in concaveconvex structure be uniform method.

As described in the Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No.2006-17820, another problem that produces when optical component is provided is that candy strip is superimposed upon on the display image, and when the optical component that will be used for separation of images is included in transmissive display device, because the influence of the concaveconvex structure that forms in the illuminating member of transmissive display apparatus seriously reduces display quality.The reason of this problem is because the concaveconvex structure that forms in illuminating member the direction of the light that sends from illuminating member, occur distributing in the face, and distribution is visually amplified by the optical component that is used for separation of images in this face.Because thickness reduces or the like, along with the concaveconvex structure that makes illuminating member more near the focal plane of pod shape lens, increase the weight of this problem.Therefore, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No.2006-17820 has proposed a kind of being used for by the distance between the adjacent convex surface part that makes concaveconvex structure less than the value that obtains by the lenticular spacing that the distance between concaveconvex structure and pixel be multiply by pod shape lens, and with this result divided by focal length, and pass through according to employed concave-convex lens, change concaveconvex structure, minimize the method for the reduction of display quality.

Yet, be performance by change concaveconvex structure or pod shape lens, overcome the problems referred to above, the i.e. reduction of the display quality that causes by the concaveconvex structure that in Reflector Panel, forms, or because in the said method that the picture quality of the concaveconvex structure that forms in illuminating member reduces, be conspicuous with hereinafter identical problem.Especially, occur changing lens or other optical elements, and the concaveconvex structure of Reflector Panel, and the problem of the concaveconvex structure of illuminating member.Special when common, when standardized product is used for above-mentioned member, except that revising, have no selection.At lens, illuminating member or have under the situation of other members of 3D shape, under the situation of surface configuration change, must make amendment from the molding stage, this might comprise large-scale modification.Therefore, exist by simple means more to overcome the problems referred to above, and do not revise the needs of lens face or concaveconvex structure.

According to result to the concentrated research of display device with pod shape lens, parallax barrier or other optical components, the inventor finds in these display devices, the pattern that shows otiose neighbor or other section boundaries districts is observed to the parallel lines in the orientation of lens or slit, and produces the problem that reduces picture quality.

Summary of the invention

First purpose of the present invention provides a kind of display device, the reduction and the realization of the quality that the energy minimization reflection shows increase picture quality, and do not change display device with the optical component that is used for separation of images, the lens shape of the concaveconvex structure of Reflector Panel and pod shape lens provides terminal device, display panel is provided and optical component is provided.

Second purpose of the present invention provides a kind of display device, the reduction of energy minimization transmission display quality and realization increase picture quality, and do not change the concaveconvex structure that forms in the illuminating member and the lens shape of pod shape lens, and terminal device is provided, display panel is provided and optical element is provided.

The 3rd purpose of the present invention provides a kind of display device, can realize increase picture quality and the reduction that minimizes by the picture quality that is viewed as the line parallel, the pattern that shows adiaphorous zone is caused with the orientation of lens and slit, terminal device is provided, display panel is provided and optical component is provided.

The invention is characterized in to display device anisotropic scattering portion is provided, the quality that can minimize the image that uses separation of images optical devices and display panel demonstration thus descends, and the separation of images effect of trade off indistinctively lens, fence or other separation of images optical devices.For realizing this, anisotropic scattering portion preferably is provided, be used for scattering phase for the pixel incident of display panel or the light of outgoing, so that the scattering in the image assign direction is different from the scattering in other directions.Therefore, can prevent that not only image quality from descending, and can reduce cost, because do not need to change the structure of image dispenser and display panel.

Especially, be perpendicular to the direction of separation of images direction, thus, can improve picture quality by the maximum scattering direction of anisotropic scattering portion, and the separation of images effect of compromise separation of images optical devices.Anisotropic scattering quality award from the ministry bit selecting is on the separation of images device side of display panel pixel.In this case, be the display panel of the reflecting plate of unit in conjunction with having with the pixel, by image dispenser and the concaveconvex structure that on reflecting plate, forms, the energy minimization image quality decrease, and can improve the picture quality that reflection shows.In conjunction with half transmitting or total transmissivity display panel, can reduce any deterioration of the picture quality that the combination owing to the border of image dispenser and neighbor causes, and improve picture quality.

According to display device of the present invention, in addition, the maximum scattering direction of anisotropic scattering portion can be a first direction, wherein, arranges pixel that is used to show the image that is used for first viewpoint and the pixel that is used to show the image that is used for second viewpoint in display unit.The image dispenser will be assigned to different directions from the light that pixel is sent along first direction.In this case, anisotropic scattering portion is positioned on the dorsal part of display panel, and maximization suppresses the influence of the deterioration of image that caused by anisotropic scattering portion thus.Particularly offer under the situation of dorsal part of display panel, also can increase picture quality at the planar light source of the light that will be used for sending the plane.This is because the concaveconvex structure through forming on the surface of planar light source and inside sends light in the plane, but any deterioration of the display quality that energy minimization of the present invention is caused by the concaveconvex structure and the image dispenser of planar light source.In addition, use anisotropic scattering portion to allow restriction scattering direction, correspondingly, any of energy minimization front face brightness reduces.

According to the present invention, provide therein and be used for the pod shape lens that image distributes and the display device of parallax barrier or other optical components, anisotropic scattering portion is provided, and described anisotropic scattering portion produces the scattering bigger than the scattering in the image assign direction in the direction perpendicular to the image assign direction of the optical component in the display plane.Therefore, the influence of the concaveconvex structure that forms on the Reflector Panel can be reduced in, and picture quality can be improved.Also can be reduced in the influence of the concaveconvex structure that forms on the illuminating member, and can improve picture quality.In addition, can reduce the influence of the non-display area that is viewed as the line segment that is parallel to the image assign direction, and can improve picture quality.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiments of the invention 1;

Fig. 2 is the vertical view of the anisotropic scattering plate of the display device shown in the presentation graphs 1;

Fig. 3 is the vertical view of the relation between the scattering direction of the image assign direction of presentation video dispenser and anisotropic scattering plate;

Fig. 4 is the skeleton view of the terminal device of expression present embodiment;

Fig. 5 is illustrated in the reflective liquid crystal display device of present embodiment, the figure of the optical model in the cross section that the line segment parallel with X-direction produces;

Fig. 6 is the sectional view of the optical model of expression when using pod shape lens;

Fig. 7 is expressed as the separation of images condition of calculating pod shape lens, as the optical model figure of radius-of-curvature example hour;

Fig. 8 is expressed as the separation of images condition of calculating pod shape lens, the optical model figure of the example when radius-of-curvature is maximum;

To be expression be present near the sectional view of the focus of the cylindrical lens example when when the anisotropic scattering structure to Fig. 9, and represent that especially this structure has the example of main influence;

To be expression be present near the sectional view of the focus of the cylindrical lens example when when the anisotropic scattering structure to Figure 10, and represent that especially this structure has the example of minor effect;

Figure 11 is the sectional view of the example of expression when the anisotropic scattering structure is present in the position that separates fully with the focus of cylindrical lens;

Figure 12 is the optical model figure that is used for calculating along the axial position of z of anisotropic scattering structure;

Figure 13 is the sectional view of the optical model of expression when using parallax barrier;

Figure 14 is expressed as the separation of images condition of calculating parallax barrier, the optical model figure of the example when the slit opening width is maximum;

Figure 15 is the optical model figure that is used to calculate along the axial position of z of anisotropic scattering structure;

Figure 16 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiments of the invention 2;

Figure 17 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiments of the invention 3;

Figure 18 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiments of the invention 4;

Figure 19 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiments of the invention 5;

Figure 20 is light guide panel shown in expression Figure 19 and the vertical view of LED;

Figure 21 is light guide panel shown in expression Figure 19 and the sectional view of LED;

Figure 22 is illustrated in the transflective liquid crystal display device of present embodiment, by the figure of the optical model in the cross section of the line segment generation parallel with the x direction of principal axis;

Figure 23 is that expression is used for the sectional view of optical model of embodiment that parallax barrier is arranged in the back of display panel;

Figure 24 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiments of the invention 6;

Figure 25 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of comparative example 1 of the present invention;

Figure 26 is the vertical view of expression according to the pixel in the display panel of comparative example 1;

Figure 27 is expression when the display device of being watched by the observer according to comparative example 1, the figure of the visual image of display screen;

Figure 28 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiments of the invention 7;

Figure 29 is the vertical view of expression according to the pixel of the transmissive liquid crystal display panel of present embodiment;

Figure 30 is the sectional view that expression is used for calculating the optical model of maximum viewing distance;

Figure 31 is the sectional view that expression is used for calculating the optical model of minimum viewing distance;

Figure 32 is the synoptic diagram of the definition of expression visual acuity;

Figure 33 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiments of the invention 8;

Figure 34 is the vertical view of expression according to the pixel of the transmissive liquid crystal display panel of present embodiment;

Figure 35 is the vertical view of expression according to another example of the pixel of the transmissive liquid crystal display panel of present embodiment;

Figure 36 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiments of the invention 9;

Figure 37 is the vertical view of expression according to the pixel of the transmissive liquid crystal display panel of present embodiment;

Figure 38 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiments of the invention 10;

Figure 39 is the vertical view of expression according to the pixel of the transmissive liquid crystal display panel of present embodiment;

Figure 40 is the sectional view of expression according to the terminal device of embodiments of the invention 11;

Figure 41 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of present embodiment;

Figure 42 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiment 12;

Figure 43 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiment 13;

Figure 44 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiment 14;

Figure 45 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiment 15;

Figure 46 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiment 16;

Figure 47 is the skeleton view according to the structural detail fly's-eye lens of the display device of present embodiment;

Figure 48 is the vertical view of expression fly's-eye lens;

Figure 49 represents and the relevant figure of structural detail anisotropic scattering plate of display device that wherein, Figure 49 A represents the scattering properties of embodiments of the invention 1, and Figure 49 B represents the scattering properties of embodiment 16;

Figure 50 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiment 17;

Figure 51 is the vertical view of expression according to the structural detail fly's-eye lens of the display device of present embodiment;

Figure 52 is the figure of expression according to the scattering properties of the anisotropic scattering portion of present embodiment; And

Figure 53 is the figure of expression according to the scattering properties of the anisotropic scattering plate of present embodiment, and wherein, the x axle is represented the angle in the display surface, and the y axle is represented scattering property.

Embodiment

Display device of the present invention can be constructed as follows.That is, display device of the present invention comprises: display panel, wherein, a plurality of display units that comprise the pixel that is used to show the image that is used for first viewpoint at least and be used to show the pixel of the image that is used for second viewpoint by arranged; The image dispenser is used for along first direction, will be assigned to different directions from the light that pixel is sent, and along described first direction, arranges pixel that is used to show the image that is used for first viewpoint and the pixel that is used to show the image that is used for second viewpoint in display unit; And anisotropic scattering portion, being used for respect to display panel, scatter incident light or emergent light are so that the scattering in the second direction vertical with first direction is different from the scattering in the first direction.

In the present invention, can prevent the decrease in image quality that the structure by image dispenser and display panel causes, and can improve picture quality.Owing to do not need to change the structure of image dispenser and display panel, can reduce price yet.

Maximum scattering direction by anisotropic scattering portion is a second direction, the adverse effect of the image distribution effects of relevant image dispenser can be remained to minimum thus, and can pass through anisotropic scattering portion, improves picture quality.

In addition, the maximum scattering direction by anisotropic scattering portion is the direction that rotates to first direction from second direction, can adjust the scattering in first direction and the second direction thus easily, and the big modification that can prevent member.Therefore, can reduce cost.

In addition, the structure of convex surface part or concave surface portion can be extended, form in anisotropic scattering portion in a direction, and anisotropic scattering portion can have the prism structure that one dimension is arranged, and wherein, is arranged parallel to each other a plurality of prisms that extend in a direction.Anisotropic scattering portion also can have pod shape lens arrangement, wherein, is arranged parallel to each other a plurality of cylindrical lenses that extend in a direction, and can make the arrangement pitches of the spacing of pod shape lens less than pixel.

For example, anisotropic scattering portion can be positioned between image dispenser and display panel.Therefore, the image quality decrease that the structure owing to image dispenser and display panel causes can be prevented, and especially when the use reflective display panel, the decline of the display quality that the concaveconvex structure owing to Reflector Panel causes can be prevented.

In this case, the anisotropic scattering portion anisotropic scattering structure that can have transparent substrates and on the surface of transparent substrates, form.This structure makes can use general anisotropic scattering plate, and when being necessary to improve the anisotropic scattering effect, also can minimize the influence to other members.

In addition, forming the surface of the anisotropic scattering structure of anisotropic scattering portion thereon can be towards the image dispenser of display device.The interaction of not expecting with the image dispenser can be reduced thus, and picture quality can be improved.

In addition, can anisotropic scattering portion and image dispenser is integrated, do not need to be used to support the parts of the anisotropic scattering structure of anisotropic scattering portion thus, therefore, can obtain thinner outward appearance.Since can integrally form anisotropic scattering portion and image dispenser, rather than separately form and combination,, therefore, can reduce the quantity of member, and the quantity that can reduce number of assembling steps.Therefore, can reduce cost.Owing to also can eliminate assembly process, therefore the change of the relative positioning of anisotropic scattering portion and image dispenser, also can reduce unevenness.

In addition, anisotropic scattering portion is formed by the surface towards the image dispenser of display panel, thus, can form anisotropic scattering portion overleaf simultaneously during shop drawings is as dispenser.Therefore, manufacturing cost can be reduced, and also whole cost can be reduced.

In this case, on the bonding coat that is used for fixing the image dispenser, form anisotropic scattering portion, eliminate thus and be used for the mould of molding anisotropic scattering structure, and the needs that are used to transmit the process of anisotropic scattering structure.Therefore, can reduce cost.

Alternatively, in the inner structure of image dispenser, form anisotropic scattering portion, can from wideer range of choice, select bonding coat thus, and can reduce cost.

Alternatively, can form anisotropic scattering portion on display panel, in this case, display panel has optical thin film, and anisotropic scattering portion can be the anisotropic scattering bonding coat that is used for optical thin film is fixed to the substrate of display panel.

In display device of the present invention, the maximum scattering direction by anisotropic scattering portion can be a first direction.In this case, anisotropic scattering portion is provided to the back side of display panel, can maximizes the influence of the anisotropic scattering portion that is used to prevent image quality decrease thus.

Also can adopt a kind of structure, wherein, the anisotropic scattering structure that anisotropic scattering portion has transparent substrates and forms on the surface of this transparent substrates, and make the surface that forms the anisotropic scattering structure of anisotropic scattering portion on it be placed into the back side of display device.Adverse effect to the image distribution effects of image dispenser can be remained to minimum thus, and can improve picture quality by anisotropic scattering portion.

Also can adopt a kind of structure, wherein, display device of the present invention has planar light source, and light is sent on the plane that is used on the back side of display panel, and this planar light source sends light by using in the inside of this planar light source or the concaveconvex structure that forms on the surface in the plane.Therefore, can prevent because the concaveconvex structure of planar light source and the image quality decrease that the image dispenser causes, and can influence the image distribution effects of image dispenser sharply.Since can be by using anisotropic scattering portion, therefore restriction scattering direction also can prevent the reduction of front face brightness.

Planar light source can have light guide panel, and concaveconvex structure can be formed in the light guide panel.In addition, planar light source can have the optical devices that are used to improve brightness, and the optical devices that are used to improve brightness can have concaveconvex structure.Can increase the range of choice that is used to select to be used to improve the optical component of brightness thus, and can reduce cost.

In display device of the present invention, for example, display panel is a transmission-type.In the present invention, can prevent the image quality decrease that the combination owing to the border of image dispenser and neighbor causes, and can improve picture quality.In addition, when planar light source is offered the back side, can prevent the image quality decrease that the combination owing to image dispenser and planar light source causes, and can improve picture quality.

Display panel can be that for example to have with the pixel be the display panel of the Reflector Panel of unit, and can form concaveconvex structure in Reflector Panel.Can prevent the image quality decrease that the concaveconvex structure owing to image dispenser and Reflector Panel causes thus, and the picture quality that can improve Reflector Panel.

In this case, Reflector Panel can be the half transmitting display panel that forms in the zone of the part of pixel.This structure is feasible not only to reduce the band that is caused by anisotropic scattering portion in resistance light district, and reduces during transmission shows, therefore the band that the viewing area that is used for reflecting causes, can improve the quality that transmission shows.During reflection shows, not only can reduce the band that in resistance light district, causes by anisotropic scattering portion, and can reduce the band that causes in the viewing area that is used for transmission, therefore, can improve the quality that reflection shows.Especially, can improve the quality that transmission shows and reflection shows in the half transmitting display device.

In this case, in second direction, can be with repetitive mode, arrange wherein be formed with Reflector Panel be used to reflect the zone of demonstration and wherein the pixel light transmission be used for the zone of transmission demonstration.Therefore, farthest illustration is used to prevent because the effect of the image quality decrease that anisotropic scattering portion causes.

Display panel can be a display panels for example.Display panels for example is transverse field mode liquid crystal display panel or multidomain vertical orientation mode liquid crystal display panel.In the present invention, the image quality decrease that energy minimization causes owing to the directed classification apparatus of image dispenser and liquid crystal layer, and the display device that can obtain to have wide visual angle.

In addition, the display unit of display panel has the striated colour element arrangement that is used to produce colored demonstration, and for example, the orientation of colour bar is a second direction.When the orientation of colour bar was second direction, the ratio of the pixel boundary that extends in first direction increased, but by the present invention, can reduce the influence of this increase, therefore, can improve picture quality.

In addition, can in square, form elementary area.Thus, can make the vertical and horizontal resolution of display image identical, and can further improve picture quality.

Pixel in the display unit also can have the outer resistance light district that places of its viewing area, and can be tilted in the resistance light district of extending in the second direction with respect to second direction.Thus, the visibility scope of display image can be increased, and effect of the present invention can be strengthened.

In addition, can adopt a kind of structure, wherein, the pixel in the display unit has trapezoidal viewing area and arranges with point symmetry ground with respect to neighbor.This structure permission the present invention suitably is applied to particularly use the active matrix display panel of thin film transistor (TFT), and the open zone ratio that allows increase.

In display device of the present invention, the image dispenser is to form the lens arra of for example arranging lens in first direction.Because this structure is eliminated the light loss that causes owing to the image division device, therefore can obtain bright the demonstration.

In display device of the present invention, the image dispenser is to form the parallax barrier of for example arranging the opening with finite width in first direction.Thus, use photoetching technique, can be easy to form the image dispenser, therefore can reduce cost.

Terminal device of the present invention has display device.Terminal device is for example mobile phone, personal information terminal, personal TV, game station, digital camera, video recorder, video player, notebook-sized personal computer, automatic teller machine or vending machine.

Display panel of the present invention is a kind of display panel, wherein, at least comprise pixel that is used to show the image that is used for first viewpoint and a plurality of display units that are used to show the pixel of the image that is used for second viewpoint by arranged, wherein, anisotropy is given in outgoing scattering of light in the display panel, and, will be assigned to different directions from the light that pixel is sent along in display unit, arranging pixel that is used to show the image that is used for first viewpoint and the first direction that is used to show the pixel of the image that is used for viewpoint.

Optical component of the present invention is the optical component that is used in the display panel, wherein, at least comprise pixel that is used to show the image that is used for first viewpoint and a plurality of display units that are used to show the pixel of the image that is used for second viewpoint by arranged, wherein, optical component comprises the plane picture dispenser that is used for incident light is assigned to different directions, and the anisotropic scattering portion of scattering that is used for anisotropy is given the plane of image dispenser.According to the present invention, optical component can combine with display panel so that produce the display device with high image quality.

In this case, the maximum scattering direction by anisotropic scattering portion can be the direction vertical with the image assign direction of image dispenser.

In addition, optical component can have substrate, and can face formation image dispenser and anisotropic scattering portion on the surface of this substrate.

In addition, optical component can have substrate, and anisotropic scattering portion can be formed in the substrate.

In addition, optical component can have bonding coat, and bonding coat can be an anisotropic scattering portion.

Then, will be with reference to the accompanying drawings, hereinafter, display device, terminal device, display panel and optical component are according to an embodiment of the invention described particularly.With display device, terminal device, display panel and the optical component of at first describing according to embodiments of the invention 1.Fig. 1 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of present embodiment; Fig. 2 is the vertical view of the anisotropic scattering plate shown in the presentation graphs 1; Fig. 3 is the vertical view of the relation between the scattering direction of the image assign direction of presentation video dispenser and the anisotropic scattering plate in the display device shown in Fig. 1; And Fig. 4 is the skeleton view of the terminal device of expression present embodiment.

As shown in Figure 1, according to the display device of embodiment 1 with reflective liquid crystal display panels 2 as display panel, and reflective liquid crystal display device 1 has pod shape lens 3.Pod shape lens 3 are positioned on the side of display surface of reflective liquid crystal display panels 2, that is, and and on user oriented side.Provide anisotropic scattering plate 6 at

pod shape lens

3 and 2 of reflective liquid crystal display panels as the anisotropic scattering element.Particularly, in reflective liquid crystal display device 1, by user's direction, sequentially lamination reflective liquid crystal display panels 2, anisotropic scattering plate 6 and pod shape lens 3.

Reflective liquid crystal display panels 2 is the liquid crystal panels that are used for 3-D display, wherein, provides the pixel of being made up of a left eye pixel 4L and right eye pixel 4R as display unit right by matrix.Pod shape lens 3 are that the light optical component that provide, that be used for separation of images of separation from left and right sides pixel is provided, and pod shape lens 3 are lens arras that one dimension is arranged a plurality of cylindrical lens 3a.The orientation of cylindrical lens 3a is arranged to arrange with repetitive mode the direction of left eye pixel 4L and right eye pixel 4R.The bearing of trend of cylindrical lens 3a, promptly vertical, be perpendicular to the direction of the orientation in the display surface.Cylindrical lens 3a is the one dimension lens with semicylinder convex surface part, only has lens effect in the direction longitudinally perpendicular to it.The focal length of cylindrical lens 3a is arranged to the principal point of cylindrical lens 3a, i.e. distance between lens apex, and pixel (left eye pixel 4L or right eye pixel 4R).

In this manual, as mentioned below for simplicity, the XYZ rectangular coordinate system is set.With repetitive mode, to arrange in the direction of left eye pixel 4L and right eye pixel 4R, the direction from right eye pixel 4R to left eye pixel 4L is+directions X, and reverse direction is-directions X.+ directions X and-directions X is referred to as X-direction.Cylindrical lens 3a's vertically is Y direction.In addition, be Z-direction with the X-direction direction vertical with Y direction.In Z-direction, the direction from left eye pixel 4L or right eye pixel 4R to pod shape lens 3 is+the Z direction, and reverse direction is-the Z direction.+ Z-direction is a forward, that is, towards user's direction, and the user see reflective liquid crystal display panels 2+surface on the Z side.+ Y direction is to set up the direction of right-hand coordinate system.Particularly, when people's right thumb at+directions X, and forefinger is when+Y direction, middle finger is+the Z direction.

When setting up the XYZ rectangular coordinate system as mentioned above, the orientation of cylindrical lens 3a is an X-direction, and in Y direction, arranges left eye pixel 4L and right eye pixel 4R in row and separately.The arrangement cycle that pixel in the X-direction is right is substantially equal to the arrangement cycle of cylindrical lens.In X-direction, the right row of the pixel of arranging in Y direction is corresponding to single cylindrical lens 3a.

In reflective liquid crystal display panels 2, liquid crystal layer 5 is provided between two

substrate

2a, 2b that provide on the minim gap, and is being positioned at-substrate 2b on the Z side+Reflector Panel 4 formed on the surface on the Z side.On the surface of Reflector Panel 4, provide a plurality of concaveconvex structures 41, and concaveconvex structure 41 makes the surface of Reflector Panel 4 become diffuse surface.Particularly, by the lip-deep concaveconvex structure 41 at Reflector Panel 4, diffuse reflection is incident on exterior light on the Reflector Panel 4 from specific direction in all directions, and also reflexes to the observer.Owing to can reduce the normal reflection component thus, can produce bright reflection in the sightless angle of light source pattern and show.When light source sends diffused light, owing to, can be increased in the light quantity that reflects in the forward with respect to direct reflection only, thus can produce bright reflection demonstration.

As shown in Figure 2, anisotropic scattering plate 6+form anisotropic scattering structure 61 on the surface of Z direction.Particularly, anisotropic scattering plate 6 has transparent substrates and is formed on the surface of transparent substrates, as the anisotropic scattering structure 61 of anisotropic scattering portion (being the anisotropic scattering device).Anisotropic scattering structure 61 is the banded convex surface part of extending in the X-direction in the XY plane, and forms a plurality of anisotropic scattering structures 61 on the surface of anisotropic scattering plate 6.According to this structure, by along anisotropic scattering plate 6+the lip-deep Y direction of Z side advances, and crosses a plurality of anisotropic scattering structures 61.Particularly, this surface has a plurality of concaveconvex structures in Y direction.On the contrary, by advancing, cross seldom or do not have an anisotropic scattering structure 61 along the X-direction on surface.Therefore, this surface has a small amount of concaveconvex structure in X-direction.

More put it briefly, the surface of anisotropic scattering plate 6 has a plurality of concaveconvex structures in specific direction, and has a small amount of concaveconvex structure in the direction vertical with this specific direction.In the present embodiment, will exist the specific direction of a plurality of concaveconvex structures to be arranged to Y direction.According to this structure, anisotropic scattering plate 6 produces maximum scattering in Y direction, and produces minimum scatter in X-direction.As shown in Figure 3, the scattering property of the angle between Y direction and X-direction in the XY plane is decided by the shape of anisotropic scattering structure 61, but in the present embodiment, scattering property retinue Y direction rotates to X-direction and worsens fast.

Usually, the image distribution effects of pod shape lens 3 or other image dispenser (being image distributor or separation of images device) is tended to reduce when scattering device is installed.In the present embodiment, reason for example be when by scattering device significantly scattering by the light of Reflector Panel 4 reflections of left eye pixel 4L, with the identical mode of light that in right eye pixel 4R, reflects, this light also enters user's right eye.As mentioned above, in the present embodiment, with constitute pod shape lens 3 cylindrical lens 3a vertically be arranged to Y-axis, and X-direction is arranged in the orientation of cylindrical lens 3a.Therefore, pod shape lens 3 have the image distribution effects in X-direction.On the contrary, the anisotropic scattering plate is set so that in Y direction, maximize its scattering, and in X-direction, minimizes.Particularly, in the reflective liquid crystal display device 1 of present embodiment, anisotropic scattering plate 6 is placed to the influence that minimizes the scattering property of the image distribution effects of pod shape lens 3.In the present invention, pod shape lens are described as the image distributor.Say on the stricti jurise that the cylindrical lens that constitutes pod shape lens serves as the device that is used for left eye pixel light and right eye pixel light are separated to different directions.Therefore, pod shape lens can will be used for the image of left eye and the image that is used for right eye be assigned to different directions.This phenomenon is considered as and can represents in the present invention, utilizes the pod shape lens with image distribution effects.

In addition, in the reflective liquid crystal display device 1 of present embodiment, unsealing anisotropic scattering plate 6 and pod shape lens 3, and also unsealing anisotropic scattering plate 6 and reflective liquid crystal display panels 2.Particularly, in the space of 2 of anisotropic scattering plate 6, pod shape lens 3 and reflective liquid crystal display panels, provide air layer.

As shown in Figure 4, the terminal device according to present embodiment is a mobile phone 9.Reflective liquid crystal display device 1 is installed in the mobile phone 9.The X-direction of reflective liquid crystal display device 1 be mobile phone 9 screen laterally, and the Y direction of reflective liquid crystal display device 1 be mobile phone 9 screen vertically.

The operation of the display device of the present invention of structure is as mentioned above hereinafter described.Fig. 5 is the figure of expression by the optical model in the cross section of the reflective liquid crystal display device of the line segment generation parallel with the X-direction in the reflective liquid crystal display device shown in Fig. 1.As shown in Figure 5, because the display device of present embodiment is reflective, exterior light is used for showing.At first, following operation is described on the directional light light components 89 that will concentrate in the exterior light that is incident on the reflective liquid crystal display device 1.Focus on the light 89 that is incident on the pod shape lens 3 by pod shape lens 3.As previously mentioned, the focal length of pod shape lens 3 is set so that focus appears on the reflecting surface 4.

Under the situation of the influence of eliminating anisotropic scattering plate 6, on the surface of Reflector Panel, has focus by the light of pod shape lens focus.When on the dip plane of focus at concaveconvex structure, by the dip plane, reflected light at a certain angle.Therefore, propagation reflections light in removing user's direction, and light is basically to showing not effect.On the contrary, when focus appears in the planar section at concaveconvex structure, reflected light in forward, and reflected light advances in user's direction, and therefore, to the effect of showing.Thus, according to the angle of exterior light and user's position, clear zone and dark space appear in the demonstration.Therefore, in display image stack luminance difference, and observe quality and reduce.

Yet, in the present invention, provide anisotropic scattering plate 6 at pod shape lens 3 and 4 of Reflector Panels.Anisotropic scattering plate 6 produces maximum scattering in Y direction, and produces minimum scatter in X-direction, as previously mentioned.Therefore, together with the slight scattering in the X-direction, on the surface of Reflector Panel 4, focus on the light that focuses on by pod shape lens 3.Make the surface region of irradiated Reflector Panel become thus greater than the situation that anisotropic scattering plate 6 is not provided.Be scattered in the Y direction greater than in the X-direction, making to increase the surface area of irradiated Reflector Panel.Therefore, will be mapped to each position, comprise the rake and the planar portions of the concaveconvex structure 41 on the Reflector Panel 4 by the illumination that pod shape lens 3 focus on.Particularly,, in X-direction, focus on the directional light enter display device by pod shape lens 3, but anisotropic scattering plate 6 in X-direction some light of scattering and in Y direction scattering more.In other words, even when directional light enters, also can its amount with in the Y direction, the anisotropic scattering light with bigger scattering properties is identical when entering.Therefore, can reduce the deterioration of the display image that causes by concaveconvex structure.Then, with different angles propagation reflections light.The part of this light is once more by pod shape lens 3, and in user's direction, separation and propagation left and right sides image are so that produce 3-D display.This light, once more by anisotropic scattering plate 6 but is decided by the effect that anisotropic scattering occurs by before the pod shape lens 3, can reduce any deterioration of the picture quality that causes owing to concaveconvex structure.

Then, will the effect of present embodiment be described.As mentioned above, in the present embodiment, between pod shape lens and Reflector Panel, provide the anisotropic scattering plate, and the direction of the minimum scatter that is caused by the anisotropic scattering plate is in the direction of the image distribution effects of demonstration pod shape lens.The direction of maximum scattering is vertically arranged with respect to the direction of the image distribution effects of demonstration pod shape lens.According to this structure, can prevent the decrease in image quality that the concaveconvex structure owing to pod shape lens and Reflector Panel causes, and reduce the image distribution effects of pod shape lens indistinctively.If use isotropic scatterning (scatterer), will the difficulty that the relevant image distribution effects that realizes pod shape lens also realizes minimizing the effect of the deterioration of image that is caused by concaveconvex structure appear.Use anisotropic scattering to make these two all can realize.Even when directional light enters, the anisotropic scattering plate allows its quantity with identical when anisotropic scattering light enters with other anisotropic scattering devices.In other words, the anisotropic scattering device converts the directional light component of incident light to anisotropic scattering light.Anisotropic scattering light is set so that the image distribution effects of the pod shape lens of not trading off.Therefore, in the time of not only can working as directional light incident, and other light of working as spotlight or having a high relatively directivity all can improve picture quality when entering.Particularly, irrelevant with lighting condition, can realize good display quality.When the concaveconvex structure of Reflector Panel is big,, and, reduce picture quality by the granularity that the spacing by concaveconvex structure causes not only by the concealed wire pattern.Yet,, therefore, can prevent the image quality decrease that causes owing to granularity, and can improve display quality because present embodiment is designed in the direction of the image distribution effects of the pod shape lens of not demonstrating scattering phase when big.In addition, the anisotropic scattering plate in the present embodiment also has in the Y direction from the XY plane scattering property in the direction that tilts a little, and therefore, the scattering in this vergence direction can be used for reducing the concealed wire pattern, and improves display quality.In addition, do not need to revise the concaveconvex structure of pod shape lens or Reflector Panel, in for example transmissive display apparatus and mirror display devices, all can use identical pod shape lens.Therefore, can reduce the quantity of the type of making required member, and can reduce cost.In the present embodiment, owing to use the anisotropic scattering plate, therefore, can be easy to adjust the scattering property in X-direction and the Y direction only by in the XY face, changing the angle of plate.When scattering property is not enough in X-direction for example, can only locate the anisotropic scattering plate, so that increase the scattering property in the X-direction, and sizable improvement that can prevent member or the like.Therefore can reduce cost.

Anisotropic scattering plate in the present embodiment is described as being arranged in the direction that the direction that minimizes scattering is the image distribution effects of demonstration pod shape lens, but the present invention is not subjected to this structural limitations, as long as and can demonstrate distribution effects, can place the anisotropic scattering plate at any angle.According to this structure, only, can be easy to adjust the scattering property in X-direction and the Y direction, and can under the situation of not revising member on a large scale, adjust scattering property by adjusting the angle of the plate in the XY plane.Therefore can reduce cost.

An example has also been described in the present embodiment, wherein, anisotropic scattering structure 61 is formed in the lip-deep convex surface part of anisotropic scattering plate 6+Z side, but anisotropic scattering structure 61 can be formed on the surface of anisotropic scattering plate 6-Z side.Yet, when anisotropic scattering structure 61 is positioned near the focus of pod shape lens 3, produce sizable risk that this structure itself will reduce picture quality.Therefore, preferred anisotropic scattering structure 61 be formed on anisotropic scattering plate 6+surface of Z side on, away from focus.In other words, make the surface that is formed with the anisotropic scattering structure on it, can make that deterioration of image is minimized towards pod shape lens.Replace convex surface part, the anisotropic scattering structure also can be a concave surface portion.Can use any anisotropic scattering plate, as long as the scattering that is produced by this plate is anisotropic.For example, can use master mold by customization machining anisotropic scattering pattern, and use hot moulding method or 2P method, transmit the film of mould pattern acquisition, the holographic diffuser of formation one-dimensional hologram case, or make this plate have the plate that anisotropy obtains by extending common isotropic scatterning plate (film).When using by extending common isotropic scatterning plate so that when making this plate have the plate that anisotropy obtains, isotropic scatterning plate as starting sheet can be owing to surface relief structure has scattering, and owing to the anisotropic anisotropic scattering plate that extends in the surface relief structure that causes.Isotropic scatterning plate as starting sheet also can be to comprise the material with different refractivity in plate, and produces anisotropic anisotropic scattering plate in the described distribution that extends in the material with different refractivity, produces anisotropic scattering thus.

In addition, the anisotropic scattering pattern can be an one dimension prism array of arranging a plurality of one dimension prisms, or arranges the one dimension lens arra as a plurality of cylindrical lenses of one dimension lens.Be arranged to separate at a predetermined angle the image that shows by left eye pixel and right eye pixel as the pod shape lens of image dispenser, do not have this separation of images effect but be placed to as the one dimension lens arra of anisotropic scattering portion.For example, to compare extremely little spacing arrangement lens with pixel.Focal length is arranged to several times of distance between lens and pixel, or some/one that should distance, so that lens focus is not positioned on the pixel.When using this one dimensional optical element, be effective arranging as the rotation in the XY plane of display plane.Particularly, the direction of the maximum scattering by anisotropic scattering portion (scatterer) preferably rotates to the direction of first direction from second direction.

Anisotropic scattering plate 6 in the present embodiment is described as having in the gap of 3 on anisotropic scattering plate 6 and pod shape lens, and the structure that has air layer in the gap of 2 of anisotropic scattering plate 6 and reflective liquid crystal display panels.Yet the present invention is not subjected to this structural limitations, and adhesive member that can be by having predetermined refraction, bonding agent or the like are filled the gap.Therefore, can prevent the fluctuation in the location of pod shape lens and reflective liquid crystal display panels, and the reflection that can reduce the interface.Therefore, can further increase display quality.As described in the present embodiment, when the anisotropic scattering plate that forms concaveconvex structure from the teeth outwards is used as anisotropic scattering portion, because when fixing this plate by having identical refractive index materials, the forfeiture dispersion effect with concaveconvex structure, therefore, can suitably use material with different refractivity.In the mode of present embodiment, be can use common anisotropic scattering plate with independent anisotropic scattering plate as the advantage of anisotropic scattering portion, even and when needs modification anisotropic scattering effect, also energy minimization is to the influence of other members.

In addition, in the description of present embodiment, reflective liquid crystal display panels is used as display panel, but the present invention is not subjected to this structural limitations, and the present invention can be applied to effectively the display panel that uses Reflector Panel with concaveconvex structure.For example, under the situation of the half transmitting display panels that can reflect demonstration and transmission demonstration, and under the situation of the reflective display panel except that display panels, can use the present invention.In the half transmitting display panels, in having little reflective liquid crystal display panels of big ratio transmission area, and in little transmissive liquid crystal display panel of echo area, can use the present invention in the mode identical with present embodiment with big ratio.The driving method of display panels can be TFT (thin film transistor (TFT)) scheme, TFD (thin film diode) scheme or other active matrix schemes, or STN (super twisted nematic liquid crystal) scheme or other passive matrix approach.

In the present embodiment, having described provides the only situation of the eyes three-dimensional display apparatus of left eye pixel and right eye pixel, but under the situation of N eye equipment (wherein, N is the integer greater than 2), also can use the present invention.

In addition, in the present embodiment, except that the colour that uses color filter shows, in conjunction with the shinny system of light source that makes a plurality of colors according to the time-division, also can color display.

Simultaneously, form display unit in spacing that can be in the directions X square identical with the spacing in the Y direction.In other words, all spacings of display unit are identical.

Pod shape lens in the present embodiment be described as having lens surface be in towards the user+structure of Z direction, but the present invention is not subjected to this structural limitations, and the transmission surface be in towards display panel-the Z direction in.In this case, owing to the distance that can reduce between lens and pixel, therefore, obtain the advantage of the applicability of increase resolution.In addition, can make the focus of the position on the surface that forms the anisotropic scattering structure away from pod shape lens.Therefore, can improve picture quality.

The description of present embodiment is provided, wherein, in X-direction, arrange has constituted the cylindrical lens of pod shape lens, and the anisotropic properties of anisotropic scattering device in Y direction greater than X-direction.In Fig. 4, the display surface of display device is described as forming to the edge that is parallel to Y direction from the edge that is parallel to X-direction.Yet in the present invention, the fixed mode of this structure not-go end provides; Can arrange with respect to rotation, in display screen, arrange cylindrical lens.In this case, the equipment among Fig. 4 can be considered as rotating in the XY plane.In other words, the scattering properties of importantly arranging the direction of cylinder convex surface and anisotropic scattering device satisfies the formation of present embodiment.

Image dispenser in the present embodiment is described as pod shape lens, but the present invention is not subjected to this structural limitations, and the present invention also can be applicable to the parallax barrier system of slit array as the image dispenser.Pod shape lens are the 3D shapes with vertical stratification, and parallax barrier has the planar shape and can be easy to use photoetching technique to make.Thereby can reduce cost.Yet, as mentioned above, when using pod shape lens, the not light loss that causes by the separation of images device.Therefore, with regard to the reflection that obtains to become clear showed, pod shape lens combination was favourable.

Now, put up with pod shape lens are started to the condition of image distributor, detailed description is provided.In the present embodiment, the image distributor must promptly along X-axis, in different mutually directions, distribute the light that is sent by left eye and right eye pixel along the first direction of arranging pixel.Therefore, to the situation of exemplary image distribution effects to greatest extent, will carry out following description with reference to figure 6.

H is meant the principal point (being the summit) of pod shape lens 3 and the distance between pixel, and n is meant the refractive index of pod shape lens 3, and L is meant lenticular spacing.P is meant the spacing of each left eye pixel 4L or right eye pixel 4R.Therefore, 2P is meant the display pixel arrangement pitches, is made up of a left eye pixel 4L and a right eye pixel 4R.

Optimal viewing is meant distance between pod shape lens 3 and observer apart from OD.E is meant in the cycle of the enlarging projection image of the pixel of this distance, that is, be parallel to these lens and away from this theoretical planes apart from OD in, the cycle of the width of the projected image of left eye pixel 4L and right eye pixel 4R.WL is meant from the center of the cylindrical lens 3a at the center that is arranged in pod shape lens 3 in X-direction, is positioned at the distance at center of cylindrical lens 3a of the end of pod shape lens 3.WP is meant as being arranged in reflective liquid crystal and shows 2 in the heart, and the center of the display pixel of being made up of left eye pixel 4L and right eye pixel 4R and in X-direction is arranged in the distance in the heart of the display pixel on the end of reflective liquid crystal demonstration 2.α and β are meant the light with respect to the pod shape lens 3a in the heart that is arranged in pod shape lens 3, the angle of incident and outgoing respectively.γ and δ be meant respectively with respect in the X-direction, is positioned at the light of the cylindrical lens 3a on the edge of pod shape lens 3, the angle of incident and outgoing.C is meant the difference between distance W L and distance W P.2m is meant the pixel quantity in the zone of distance W P.

The spacing L that arranges cylindrical lens 3a is associated with each other with the spacing P that arranges pixel, therefore, determines each of distance values associated with each otherly.Yet, design pod shape lens with display panel usually relatedly, for this reason, P is considered as constant with the line of pixels column pitch.Select the material of pod shape lens 3 will determine refractive index n.On the contrary, use desirable value, set between lens and observer viewing distance OD and at the cycle e of the pixel enlarging projection image of this viewing distance OD.These values are used for determining distance H and the lenticular spacing L between lens and pixel.By snell law and geometric relationship derivation formula 1 to 6 hereinafter.Also derive formula 7 to 9 hereinafter.

[formula 1]

n×sinα＝sinβ

[formula 2]

OD×tanβ＝e

[formula 3]

H×tanα＝P

[formula 4]

n×sinγ＝sinδ

[formula 5]

H×tanγ＝C

[formula 6]

OD×tanδ＝WL

[formula 7]

WP-WL＝C

[formula 8]

WP＝2×m×p

[formula 9]

WL＝m×L

As mentioned above, described the situation when the biggest ground exemplary image distribution effects, and this is relevant with the distance H between the summit of the pixel that will be arranged to equate with the focal distance f of pod shape lens and pod shape lens.Therefore formula 10 is set up.If r as the radius-of-curvature of lens, uses following formula 11 to determine r so.

[formula 10]

f＝H

[formula 11]

r＝H×(n-1)/n

If use above-mentioned parameter all to calculate, line of pixels column pitch P is the value of determining according to display panel, and is according to the structure of display device and definite value by the cycle e of the enlarged image of pixel projection and viewing distance OD.Lens of being derived by these values and the distance H between pixel and lens arrangement spacing L are that be used for determining will be from the parameter of the optical projection of the pixel position to the sightingpiston.The parameter that is used to change the image distribution effects is transmission radius-of-curvature r.Particularly, under the situation of the distance H between fixed lens and pixel, so when lens radius of curvature when perfect condition changes, left and right sides pixel image will fog, overslaugh obviously separates.In other words, the scope of the radius-of-curvature of separate picture is effectively determined in expectation.

At first, calculate the minimum value that is used for the effective range of curvature radius of lens centrifugation.Effective for the lens centrifugation, on its base be lenticular spacing L and highly be for the triangle of focal distance f and its base pel spacing P and its highly between the triangle of H-f, as shown in Figure 7, set up similarity relation.Derived expression 12 thus, and can determine minimum focus value fmin.

[formula 12]

fmin＝H×L/(L+P)

So by the focal length Calculation of curvature radius.Use formula 11, can shown in the figure formula, determine minimum profile curvature radius rmin.

[formula 13]

rmin＝H×L×(n-1)/(L+P)/n

So calculating maximal value.Effective for the lens centrifugation, on its base be lenticular spacing L and its highly for the triangle of focal distance f and its base be pel spacing P with and highly be between the triangle of f-H, as shown in Figure 8, set up similarity relation.Derived expression 14 thus, and can determine its maximum focus value.

[formula 14]

fmax＝H?×?L/(L-P)

So by the focal length Calculation of curvature radius.Use formula 11, can determine maximum curvature radius rmax as shown in figure 15.

[formula 15]

rmax＝H×L×(n-1)/(L-P)/n

When as mentioned above, when carrying out whole calculating, be lens exemplary image distribution effects so, the radius-of-curvature of lens must drop in the scope of following formula 16, and it uses

formula

13 and 15 expressions.

[formula 16]

H×L×(n-1)/(L+P)/n?≤r≤H×L×(n-1)/(L-P)/n

Two viewpoint three-dimensional image display apparatus described above with left eye pixel and right eye pixel, however in the present invention, not-go end system mode provides this arrangement.For example, the present invention can be used for the display device that its form comprises N viewpoint similarly.In these cases, in the definition of the distance W P shown in above, the quantity that is included in the pixel in the zone relevant with distance W P can be changed over N * m from 2m.

The desired location of anisotropic scattering structure will be described now along Z-direction.Do not have under the situation of the scattering component in the X-direction in the anisotropic scattering structure,, will not produce subject matter if they are positioned at the precalculated position along Z-direction.Yet typically, some scattering components also will occur along X-direction.Occur as long as produce the even structure ground of the scattering in the X-direction, subject matter will not occur.Yet at the diffusing structure that occurs along some zones in the X-direction in the X-direction, and under the situation about not occurring in other zones, their position in the Z-direction becomes the extremely important parameter that influences picture quality so.

With reference to figure 9 to 11, this phenomenon is described.Fig. 9 be illustrated in cylindrical lens focus near have the anisotropic scattering structure, and have the sectional view of the situation of special appreciable impact.Figure 10 represents the situation that the influence of anisotropic scattering structure is smaller, and Figure 11 is the sectional view that has the situation of anisotropic scattering structure in the position that is illustrated in fully away from the focus of cylindrical lens.The direction of the scattering property maximum of anisotropic scattering structure is a Y direction, yet, some scatterings also appear in X-direction.The anisotropic scattering district more also causes scattering in the X-direction.Because the scattering of special concern X-direction is in Fig. 9 to 11.Those parts that only will have the fringe area in the X-direction are drawn, as anisotropic scattering structure 61.

As shown in Figure 9, the anisotropic scattering structure 61 of scattering in X-direction be present in cylindrical lens 3a focus near situation in, the most of light that sends from cylindrical lens 3a will be influenced by anisotropic scattering structure 61.Yet, as shown in figure 10, change in that the angle of the light that sends from cylindrical lens 3a is made a little, that is, carry out situation from the direction that tilts a little by the performed observation of observer under, the effect of anisotropic scattering structure 61 will descend.Thus, the effect of anisotropic scattering structure increases or reduces, and depends on that the observer observes the angle of display device.Have in the anisotropic scattering structure under the situation of main influence, the X-direction scattering is remarkable, and when this influence hour, scattering is also minimum.Therefore, the observer is with the decline of perceptual image quality.

In contrast, in the time of in anisotropic scattering structure 61 is present in fully away from the position of the focus of cylindrical lens 3a, as shown in figure 11, will remain the same from beginning to end by the influence that anisotropic scattering structure 61 produces, for this reason, the observer will be not can the perceptual image quality decline.Thus, preferred anisotropic scattering structure is away from the focus of lens.

Then, will should be described away from the degree of focus with regard to the anisotropic scattering structure.As described in hereinbefore, the anisotropic scattering structure optimization of scattering in X-direction is positioned evenly in the X-direction, in this case, significant problem will not occur.Particularly, preferred alignment of anisotropic diffusing structure thick and fast is because if sparsely arrange, with scale-up problem.For example, under the situation of the interstructural interval of the anisotropic scattering in X-direction greater than lens arrangement spacing L, the anisotropic scattering structure will be present on some cylindrical lenses, and not be present on other cylindrical lenses.In these cases, the observer is with the picture quality of perception decline; Therefore, in having X-direction, under the situation of a plurality of anisotropic scattering structures of scattering, preferably make interval therebetween be equal to or less than lens arrangement spacing L.Therefore, should consider that the anisotropic scattering structure pitch is L, and single anisotropic scattering structure is corresponding to single cylindrical lens.In addition, when the anisotropic scattering structure is big width in X-direction, with easier realization homogeneity, and so preferred, for this reason,, will consider that also the X-direction width is zero situation as boundary condition.In addition, when lens focus distance in short-term, make the anisotropic scattering structure away from lens focus not too easily; Therefore, should consider about minimum focus condition by formula 12 and 13 expressions.

As prerequisite, also should consider the anisotropic scattering structure function not only in main lobe, and the situation in the master lobe.As above describing, in the present embodiment, place the display unit of forming by left and right sides pixel correspondingly with lens.Usually, " main lobe " is meant from specifying display unit to send and light by respective lens." master lobe " be meant from specified pixel to send and by corresponding to respect to the emission pixel to the light of the right lens of another pixel of placed adjacent.Main lobe is present in the forward of display device, and the master lobe is present in the direction that tilts with respect to the lens arrangement direction.

As shown in figure 12, the anisotropic scattering structure be present in lens optical axis near in situation under, so when from the focus of lens, distance can start the anisotropic scattering structure to a certain degree the time in master lobe and main lobe.H1 is used as from principal point, and promptly the summit of lens is to the distance of anisotropic scattering structure, and the distance from the anisotropic scattering structure to pixel faces is H-H1 so.Therefore, if consider from neighbor the light that sends by anisotropic scattering structure 61 and the situation that enters the end of cylindrical lens 3a, to be that L/2 (half of lens arrangement spacing) and its distance that highly is 1.5N * P for triangle and its base of H1 is (corresponding to the 1.5N pixel (with respect to left and right sides pixel so on its base, N=2)), with and highly be between the triangle of H-H1, produce similarity relation.Also can produce formula 17.

[formula 17]

L/2∶H1＝1.5N×P∶H-H1

If rearrange formula 17, so, will obtain formula 18 with respect to H1.

[formula 18]

H1＝L×H/(L+3N×P)

The value of being calculated by formula 18 is a boundary condition; Therefore, as by shown in the formula 19, will not go wrong in scope less than this value.The following of H1 is limited to zero, and this situation is with relevant when forming the anisotropic scattering structure on lens surface.

[formula 19]

H1≤L×H/(L+3N×P)

As prerequisite, suppose that the anisotropic scattering structure is present on the optical axis of lens, yet, as mentioned above, consider to expand to main lobe and adjacent major lobe.Therefore, even when removing when having structure in the position of optical axis, this condition will be suitable.

Do not have under the situation of anisotropic scattering structure of scattering properties even do not arrange along X-direction in enough compact arranged modes, in case carried out all aforementioned calculation, (arrangement of L+3N * P) allows to use the present invention and improve picture quality to provide the summit of lens and the interstructural distance of anisotropic scattering will be equal to or less than L * H/.

Now, will describe when parallax barrier is used as the image distributor, allow the condition of parallax barrier with effective means exemplary image assign action.At first, will the parallax barrier system be described with reference to Figure 13.

Parallax barrier 7 is to form a plurality of little, vertical stripes shape openings, i.e. the resistance tabula rasa of slit 7a thereon.In other words, parallax barrier is the optical component of the slit that extends in the second direction that is formed on thereon perpendicular to first direction (assign direction), slit is formed arrange a plurality of along first direction.Pass through slit 7a from left eye pixel 4L to the light that parallax barrier 7 sends, then, form the light beam that propagates into area E L.Similarly, pass through slit 7a to the light that parallax barrier 7 sends, then, form the light beam that propagates into area E R from right eye pixel 4R.As long as make their left eye 552 be positioned at area E L and right eye 551 is positioned at area E R, the observer can the perception 3-D view.

Then, will provide the detailed description of the size of the parts in the three-dimensional image display device, wherein, the parallax barrier with slit-shaped openings is positioned on the front of display panel.As shown in figure 13, L is meant the spacing of the slit 7a that arranges parallax barrier 7, and H is meant the distance of 7 of pixel and parallax barriers.Optical observation is meant the distance of 7 of observer and parallax barriers apart from OD.WL is meant from the center of the slit 7a in the heart that is arranged in parallax barrier 7 in X-direction, is positioned at the distance at center of slit 7a of the end of parallax barrier 7.Parallax barrier 7 is resistance tabula rasas, therefore, prevents to pass through except that the light that the place through slit 7a enters.Yet parallax barrier 7 has the substrate that is used to support palisade layer, and the refractive index of substrate is defined as n.Suppose not exist support substrates, refractive index n can be arranged to 1, it is the refractive index of surrounding air.For sharpness is provided in this case,,, produce refraction according to snell law when sending the light time of sending through slit 7a from the substrate that supports palisade layer.Therefore, α and β are meant the light with respect to the slit 7a in the heart that is arranged in parallax barrier 7, the angle of incident and outgoing respectively.γ and δ are meant respectively with respect to being arranged in X-direction, the incident of the light among the slit 7a on the edge of parallax barrier 7 and the angle of outgoing.S1 is meant the width of the opening of slit 7a.Arrange the spacing L of slit 7a and the spacing P of arrangement pixel and be relative to each other, make each distance values to determine relatedly with another.Yet, usually, combining display panel design parallax barrier, for this reason, P is considered as constant with the line of pixels column pitch.By selecting to be used to support the material of the substrate of palisade layer, determine refractive index n.On the contrary, use desirable value that the cycle e of the pixel enlarging projection image of viewing distance OD between parallax barrier and observer and viewing distance OD is set.These values are used for determining distance H and the pel spacing L between fence and pixel.From snell law and geometric relationship, derive formula 20 to 25 hereinafter.Also derive formula 26 to 28 hereinafter.

[formula 20]

n×sinα＝sinβ

[formula 21]

OD×tanβ＝e

[formula 22]

H×tanα＝P

[formula 23]

n×sinγ＝sinδ

[formula 24]

H×tanγ＝C

[formula 25]

OD×tanδ＝WL

[formula 26]

WP-WL＝C

[formula 27]

WP＝2×m×p

[formula 28]

WL＝m×L

Above described two viewpoint three-dimensional image display devices, yet in the present invention, not-go end system mode provides this arrangement with left eye pixel and right eye pixel.For example, the present invention can be used for the display device that its form comprises N viewpoint similarly.In these cases, in the definition of the distance W P shown in above, the quantity that is included in the pixel in the zone relevant with distance W P can be changed over N * m from 2m.

If use above-mentioned parameter all to calculate, line of pixels column pitch P is the value of determining according to display panel, and is according to the structure of display device and definite value from the cycle e of the enlarged image of pixel projection and viewing distance OD.According to being used for material of support substrates or the like, determine refractive index n.Slit arrangement spacing L that is derived by these values and the distance H between parallax barrier and pixel are that be used for determining will be from the parameter of the position of optical projection on sightingpiston of pixel.The parameter that is used to change the image distribution effects is a slit opening width S 1.Particularly, under the situation of the distance H between fixed fence and pixel, more little so slit opening width will make and more clearly separate left and right sides pixel image.Principle is identical with the principle that is used for pinhole camera.When A/F S1 is big more, left and right sides pixel image will thicken, and overslaugh is clear to be separated.

The width range that produces the parallax barrier slit that separates can be than calculating more intuitively when using lens combination.As shown in figure 14, when the light that sends when the border between left eye pixel 4L and right eye pixel R passed through slit 7a, the width of light was lowered to width S 1, and described width S 1 is the slit opening width.Light is propagated on distance OD before arriving sightingpiston, but must be equal to or less than e at the width at sightingpiston place, separates so that produce.Exceed at light under the situation of this width, will exceed a left side/right pixel projection cycle, therefore, will not produce separation.The width S 1 of slit opening is half of slit separation L.Particularly, the width range of the parallax barrier slit that generation is separated is equal to or less than half of slit separation.

Then, will use the parallax barrier system, be described in the optimum position of the anisotropic scattering structure in the Z-direction.As shown in figure 15, lens combination is regarded as with the parallax barrier system class seemingly.Therefore, with the width S 1 of lens arrangement spacing L, and use the S1 in the above-mentioned formula 19 to allow to obtain following formula 29 as the opening of slit 7a.

[formula 29]

H≤S1×H/(S1+3N×P)

Even not with enough arrange closely to place along X-direction have under the situation of anisotropic scattering structure of scattering properties, when carrying out aforementioned calculation, (arrangement of S1+3N * P) allows to use the present invention and improves picture quality to provide the interstructural distance of parallax barrier and anisotropic scattering will be equal to or less than S1 * H/.

In addition, mobile phone is described as the example of the terminal device in the present embodiment, but the present invention is not subjected to this structural limitations, and the mobile terminal device that can be applied to PDA, individual TV, game station, digital camera, digital camera, notebook-sized personal computer and various other types.The present invention is not only applicable to mobile terminal device, and goes for the fixed terminal equipment of automatic teller machine, automatic vending machine, monitor, television receiver and various other types.Then, embodiment of the present invention will be described 2.Fig. 6 is the sectional view of expression according to the terminal device of present embodiment.In embodiments of the invention 1, place anisotropic scattering plate at reflective liquid crystal display panels and between as anisotropic scattering portion as the pod shape lens of image dispenser.Embodiment 2 be different from embodiment 1 part be with the surperficial facing surfaces that forms as the lens face of the pod shape lens of image dispenser on provide the anisotropic scattering structure, and anisotropic scattering structure and the whole formation of pod shape lens.

Particularly, as shown in figure 16, in the reflective liquid crystal display device 11 of present embodiment, to offer outmost+Z side as the pod shape lens 31 of image dispenser as reflective liquid crystal display device 11, and user oriented pod shape lens 31+form a plurality of cylindrical lens 31a on the Z surface.Pod shape lens 31-form anisotropic scattering structure 62 on the Z side as anisotropic scattering portion, described pod shape lens 31-the Z side is the surface towards reflective liquid crystal display panels 2.For example, use the hot moulding method, when forming the lens surface of pod shape lens 31, be placed on the back side of pod shape lens 31 by the mould that will be used for the anisotropic scattering structure and push, can when forming lens surface, form anisotropic scattering structure 62.Technological selection ground except that this method comprises use anisotropy blaster, such as the diagonal angle blaster, so that be applied with the pattern that in a direction, extends, and friction techniques, in single direction, carry out friction thus.By jointing material 51, pod shape lens 31 and reflective liquid crystal display panels 2 are fixed together, and have the refractive index materials different as jointing material 51 with pod shape lens 31.Identical among the aspect of present embodiment except above-mentioned points and the embodiment 1.

In the present embodiment,, use anisotropic scattering portion to make and can prevent because the display quality that the concaveconvex structure of pod shape lens and Reflector Panel causes descends in the mode identical with embodiment 1, and the image distribution effects of the pod shape lens of trading off indistinctively.With respect to the foregoing description 1 since with the whole anisotropic scattering portion that forms of pod shape lens, do not need to be used to support the parts of the anisotropic scattering structure of anisotropic scattering portion, therefore can reduce the profile of equipment.Owing to can wholely form anisotropic scattering portion and image dispenser, rather than be individually formed also combination, thereby can reduce the quantity of member, and the quantity that can reduce number of assembling steps.Therefore, can reduce cost.Owing to the fluctuation in the relative positioning that also can eliminate assembly process anisotropic scattering portion and image dispenser, thereby can reduce unevenness.In the present embodiment, need a kind of specific pod shape lens of customization, wherein, integrally form anisotropic scattering portion and image dispenser, but do not need to change the spacing or the curvature of lens, and can use traditional mould.Therefore, can reduce cost.In addition, can make the focus of the surface of formation anisotropic scattering structure, and can obtain the preferable image quality away from pod shape lens.Except above-mentioned points, the effect of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.

Then, embodiment of the present invention will be described 3.Figure 17 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of present embodiment.In embodiments of the invention 2, with the surperficial facing surfaces that forms as the lens surface of the pod shape lens of image dispenser on, form anisotropic scattering structure as anisotropic scattering portion.Embodiment 3 is different from embodiment 2 parts and is to use the anisotropic scattering glue 63 with anisotropic scattering performance, makes reflective liquid crystal display panels and is bonded to each other as the pod shape lens of image dispenser.

Particularly, as shown in figure 17, in the reflective liquid crystal display device 12 of present embodiment, anisotropic scattering glue 63 is applied to and forms on the surperficial facing surfaces of cylindrical lens 3a of pod shape lens 3, and, pod shape lens 3 and reflective liquid crystal display panels 2 are bonded together by anisotropic scattering glue 63.Anisotropic scattering glue 63 is the directed glue that becomes fiber or bar-shaped material with dispersion processing, and each material has different refractivity.Except above-mentioned points, the aspect of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 2.

In the present embodiment,, use anisotropic scattering portion to make and can prevent because the display quality that the concaveconvex structure of pod shape lens and Reflector Panel causes descends in the mode identical with embodiment 2, and the image distribution effects of the pod shape lens of trading off indistinctively.With respect to embodiment 2, owing to do not need to be used for the mould of molding anisotropic scattering structure, or be used to transmit the process of anisotropic scattering structure, thus can reduce cost.In addition, the fiber or the club-shaped material that are present in the anisotropic scattering glue have extremely thin structure, cause the scattering very uniformly in the plane.Therefore, can improve picture quality significantly.Identical among the aspect of present embodiment except above-mentioned points and the embodiment 2.

Then, embodiment of the present invention will be described 4.Figure 18 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of present embodiment.In embodiment 3, use anisotropic scattering glue 63 with anisotropic scattering performance, make reflective liquid crystal display panels and be bonded to each other as the pod shape lens of image dispenser.Embodiment 4 is different from embodiment 3 parts and is in the pod shape lens itself as the image dispenser, forms the anisotropic scattering structure.

Particularly, as shown in figure 18, in the reflective liquid crystal display device 13 of present embodiment, the basic material of pod shape lens 32 has anisotropic scattering, and thus, pod shape lens 32 itself have the anisotropic scattering performance.The proper method that can be used for making the basic material with anisotropic scattering performance comprises when making basic material, be used for directed and disperse to have the fiber of different refractivity or club-shaped material method, be used to extend basic material so that produce anisotropic method of scattering and additive method with isotropic scatterning.Can use for example hot moulding method that lens shape is transferred to the basic material of making according to said method with anisotropic scattering performance, so that make pod shape lens 32 with anisotropic scattering.Pod shape lens 32 are fixed to reflective liquid crystal display panels 2 by jointing material 52.Except above-mentioned points, the aspect of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 3.

In the present embodiment,, use anisotropic scattering portion to make and can prevent because the display quality that the concaveconvex structure of pod shape lens and Reflector Panel causes reduces in the mode identical with embodiment 3, and the image distribution effects of the pod shape lens of trading off indistinctively.Compare with embodiment 2, do not need to use its refractive index to be different from the jointing material of the refractive index of pod shape lens.In addition, compare, do not need to use anisotropic scattering glue with embodiment 3.Particularly, compare with 3 with embodiment 2, owing to can select the jointing material and the glue that can use from significantly wideer scope, except that the characteristic of

embodiment

2 and 3, energy even can further obtain the cost reduction.In addition, can make the focus of the surface of formation anisotropic scattering structure, and can obtain the preferable image quality away from pod shape lens.

In the present embodiment, will be described as within it that portion has the anisotropic scattering structure, but the present invention is not subjected to this structural limitations as the pod shape lens of image dispenser, and another form member within it portion have the anisotropic scattering performance.For example, can in display panel, use plastic base, and plastic base can have the anisotropic scattering performance.The polarising sheet or the phase difference plate that are used in the display panels also can have anisotropic scattering.In addition, to be fixed to the bonding coat of the substrate of display panel can be the anisotropic scattering bonding coat to the optical thin film that is used for offering display panel.Except above-mentioned points, the effect of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 3.

Then, embodiment of the present invention will be described 5.Figure 19 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of present embodiment; Figure 20 is light guide panel shown in expression Figure 19 and the vertical view of LED; And Figure 21 is light guide panel shown in expression Figure 19 and the sectional view of LED.

Shown in Fig. 19, in the transflective liquid crystal display device 14 of present embodiment,, provide pod shape lens 3, transmissive liquid crystal display panel 21, anisotropic scattering plate 64 and back light unit 8 in order from user's direction.In transmissive liquid crystal display panel 21, with the identical mode of reflective liquid crystal display panels 2 in the embodiments of the invention 1, the display pixel of display panel is made up of left eye pixel 41L adjacent one another are and right eye pixel 41R.Be placed to single cylindrical lens 3a corresponding to the display pixel rows of being arranged also along vertical arrangement display pixel of cylindrical lens 3a, and with pod shape lens 3, identical with embodiment 1.Particularly, in the transflective liquid crystal display device 14 of present embodiment, basic structure as the pod shape lens of image dispenser and display panel is identical with embodiments of the invention 1, is that display panel is the transmissive display panel of requirement planar light source backlight but present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 part.The focal length that constitutes the cylindrical lens 3a of pod shape lens 3 is arranged to the principal point of cylindrical lens 3a, i.e. distance between the summit of lens and left eye pixel 4L or right eye pixel 4R.Back light unit 8 is by the LEDs 81 as light source, and is used to propagate the light that sends from light source and forms so that produce the light guide panel 82 of planar light source.As shown in figure 20, light guide panel 82-provide LEDs 81 on the Y side.The light that sends from LEDs 81 from light guide panel 82-the Y side enters light guide panel 82, and propagate by light guide panel and to experience total reflection simultaneously.

As shown in figure 20, a plurality of points 83 (concaveconvex structure) are offered light guide panel 82+surface on the Z side.By for example seal, on light guide panel 82, form point 83, and have the total reflection condition of the light that interference propagates and light is redirected in light guide panel+function of Z direction.Shown in Fig. 21, when from be positioned at light guide panel 82-when light that LED81 on the Y side sends entered light guide panel, light was propagated in light guide panel and as previously mentioned, experience total reflection, but this process occurs in when light and enter when not forming a little 83 part.When the light of propagating when the experience total reflection entered the part that has point 83, the shape of total reflection condition receptor site was disturbed.Therefore, the light that will propagate in light guide panel redirects to the outside of light guide panel, and light guide panel is served as planar light source.Thus, the point of light from the light guide panel that forms point partly redirected.In other words, when watching the planar light source that wherein forms a bit with microscope, the some part is bright in other parts.The microcosmic difference of this brightness not only produces by wherein forming light guide panel a bit, but to the common phenomenon of following situation, described situation is meant by minute grooves or other structures are offered light guide panel disturbs total reflection condition, and redirects light from light guide panel.Particularly, in having the light guide panel of small concaveconvex shape, because concaveconvex structure sends light and has distribution in the microcosmic face.

Anisotropic scattering plate 64 in the present embodiment has and the identical basic structure of anisotropic scattering plate 6 in the embodiments of the invention 1, be the direction of maximum scattering is arranged to X-direction but be different from embodiment 1 part, and the minimum scatter direction is arranged to Y direction.In addition, anisotropic scattering structure 641 is formed on anisotropic scattering plate 64-Z side.The aspect of present embodiment except above-mentioned points is identical with embodiment 1.

The operation of the transflective liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment of structure is as mentioned above hereinafter described.Figure 22 is illustrated in the transflective liquid crystal display device shown in Figure 19, the figure of the optical mode in the cross section of the transflective liquid crystal display device that is produced by the line segment that is parallel to X-direction.As shown in figure 22, because the display device in the present embodiment is a transmission-type, use the light that is transmitted into the display panel 21 from light guide panel 82 to produce demonstration.At the point of the display pixel by transmissive liquid crystal display panel 21 and enter under the situation corresponding to the light of the cylindrical lens of this pixel, it is lenticular spacing that the light group that enters cylindrical lens 3a forms the base, and focal length be a triangle highly.The focal length of cylindrical lens is arranged to the distance between the summit of pixel and lens, as mentioned above.Therefore, the only collimated light that sends from cylindrical lens.

Under the situation that does not have anisotropic scattering plate 64, form triangle to certain light group of a bit sending of above-mentioned display pixel from light guide panel 82.As previously mentioned, mainly send the light that sends from light guide panel 82 from putting 83.Therefore, when point is not included in by when light guide panel is to the leg-of-mutton base that certain light group of a bit sending of above-mentioned display pixel forms, there is not certain any light by display pixel.When comprising, there is certain any light by display pixel.Point on the display pixel watches the angle of display panel to change according to the user, and in conjunction with this visual angle, and the position on the leg-of-mutton base that is formed by the light group of aiming at this point also changes.Therefore, when not having the anisotropic scattering plate, according to user's position, clear zone and dark space appear in the demonstration.Therefore, in display image, overlapping luminance difference, and observe image quality decrease.

Yet, owing to have an anisotropic scattering plate 64 in the present embodiment, from send certain any above-mentioned light group of aiming at display pixel than scope wideer the situation that does not have anisotropic scattering plate 64.This structure can reduce the part that not to form point 83 will be corresponding to certain any probability of display pixel.Particularly, can prevent the image quality decrease that causes owing to other structural details as pod shape lens, back light unit and the planar light source of allocation unit.

Then, will the effect of present embodiment be described.In the above-described embodiments, between pod shape lens and back light unit, provide the anisotropic scattering plate, and will be arranged to the image assign direction of pod shape lens by the maximum scattering direction of anisotropic scattering plate.The anisotropic scattering plate also is positioned between display panel and back light unit.According to this structure, can prevent owing to the concaveconvex structure of back light unit and the display quality decline that pod shape lens cause, and the image distribution effects of the pod shape lens of not trading off.When using the isotropic scatterning plate to replace the anisotropic scattering plate, because therefore the light that scattering is sent from back light unit 8 in all directions, produce the problem that reduces front face brightness as scatter plate.Yet,, therefore, can prevent the reduction of front face brightness owing to, can limit the scattering direction by using the anisotropic scattering plate according to present embodiment.

In the present embodiment, place the surface of the anisotropic scattering structure that forms the anisotropic scattering plates towards back light unit 8, but this present invention is not subjected to this structural limitations, and can places the surface that forms the anisotropic scattering structures towards display panel 21.Yet,, preferably make the anisotropic scattering structure away from focus because the anisotropic scattering structure has influence when placing the anisotropic scattering structure near the focus of pod shape lens 3.Particularly, by making the surface that forms the anisotropic scattering structure, can further reduce decrease in image quality towards back light unit 8.

In the present embodiment, described form from the teeth outwards point 83 the example of light guide panel 82, but the present invention is not subjected to this structural limitations, and has in use under the situation of optical element of micro-structure, can use the present invention in aforesaid identical mode.In above-mentioned example, light guide panel 82 on the surface of pod shape lens 3, form dot pattern, but in facing surfaces, promptly light guide panel-form under the situation of micro-structure on the Z surface, can use the present invention in an identical manner.Particularly,, just can use the present invention, and these structures make the light that is sent have distribution in the microcosmic face as long as form micro-structure.The object lesson of this structure can comprise be used for light guide panel minute grooves is provided in case with light-redirecting to outside system, be used to micro-structure is provided so that the holophotal system of direction of light is sent in control and other system.Optical element with micro-structure is not limited to light guide panel, and can be in an identical manner, is used to control the optical sheet of the light that sends from light guide panel.The example of such optical sheet is included in+form the upwards prism plate of a plurality of prisms on the Z surface, and the refraction by this prism structure is used for increasing and sends direction of light, and the downward prism plate that on-Z side, forms a plurality of prisms, and use total reflection by prism structure and refraction to increase and send direction of light.In the present embodiment, can increase the scope of the selection that is used to select these prism plates, and can reduce cost.In the system of bonding light guide panel of a plurality of tiny dots and optical sheet, can use the present invention in an identical manner, and use bounding point structure is redirected the light from light guide panel.

In the present embodiment, be parallel to image assign direction as the pod shape lens of image dispenser, place maximum scattering direction, but the present invention is not subjected to this structural limitations, and can places the maximum scattering direction of passing through the anisotropic scattering plate by predetermined angular by the anisotropic scattering plate.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the anisotropic scattering plate is used as anisotropic scattering portion, but the present invention is not subjected to this structural limitations, and the anisotropic scattering portion that also can suitably use another embodiment of the present invention.Except above-mentioned points, the effect of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.

Also transmissive liquid crystal display panel is used as display panel in the present embodiment, but the present invention is not subjected to this structural limitations, and can be effectively applied to use display panel backlight.For example, when the transmissive display panel used except that display panels, can use the present invention in an identical manner.

In addition, not only under the situation of using pod shape lens, and under the situation of using parallax barrier, can use the present invention in an identical manner.

Sending uniformity of light and light guide panel, optical sheet or, exist and limit in the surface for aspect the optical characteristics in other optical components of the structural detail backlight of lighting device.Therefore, also there is limitation in spacing and other configuration aspects.Therefore, even preferably when also using the image distributor closely arrange, when carrying out this tight arrangement, also face complicacy.On the contrary, the anisotropic scattering structure can irrespectively be arranged with tight structure with backing structure, allows to be placed near the image distributor, and allows to obtain the preferable image quality.

Now, will describe in detail parallax barrier as the image distributor, and parallax barrier is positioned at the particular condition on the light source side of display panel.At first, the situation that parallax barrier will be placed on the back of display panel is described, as shown in figure 23.As shown in the drawing, L is meant the spacing of the slit 7a that arranges parallax barrier 7, and H is meant the distance between parallax barrier 7 and pixel.Ht is meant the thickness of display panel, has comprised parallax barrier 7, and optimal viewing is meant display panel and observer's distance apart from OD.WL is meant that center from the slit 7a in the heart that is arranged in parallax barrier 7 is to being arranged in X-direction, the distance at the center of the slit 7a of the end of parallax barrier 7.Parallax barrier 7 is resistance tabula rasas, therefore, prevents that light from entering except that slit 7a Anywhere.Yet parallax barrier 7 has the substrate that is used to support palisade layer, and the refractive index of substrate is defined as n.Suppose not exist support substrates, refractive index n can be arranged to 1, it is the refractive index of surrounding air.For sharpness is provided in this case, send and light time by pixel when sending from display panel through slit 7a, according to Snell's law, refraction appears.Therefore, pay close attention to and to concentrate on from the light that the slit 7a in the heart that is arranged in parallax barrier 7 sends, and α and β are meant the incident on the end face of the display panel on observer's the side and the angle of outgoing respectively.Similarly, γ and δ are meant respectively with respect to the incident of the light of the slit 7a on the edge that is arranged in parallax barrier 7 in the X-direction and the angle of outgoing.S1 is meant the width of the opening of slit 7a.The spacing L that arranges slit 7a is interrelated with the spacing P that arranges pixel, therefore, determines each distance values associated with each otherly.Yet, usually, combining display panel design parallax barrier, for this reason, P is considered as constant with the line of pixels column pitch.By selecting to be used to support the material of the substrate of palisade layer, determine refractive index n.On the contrary, use desirable value, the cycle e of viewing distance OD between setting parallax barrier and observer and the pixel enlarging projection image of viewing distance OD.These values are used for determining distance H and the lenticular spacing L between fence and pixel.Use Snell's law and geometric relationship, set up following formula 30 to 35.Also set up following formula 36 to 38.

[formula 30]

n×sinα＝sinβ

[formula 31]

OD×tan?β＝e+P×Ht/H

[formula 32]

H×tanα＝P

[formula 33]

n×sinγ＝sinδ

[formula 34]

H×tanγ＝C×Ht/?H

[formula 35]

OD×tanδ＝WP-(Ht/H-1)×C

[formula 36]

WP-WL＝C

[formula 37]

WP＝2×m×p

[formula 38]

WL＝m×L

Two viewpoint three-dimensional image display devices with left eye pixel and right eye pixel have above been described; Yet, in the present invention, this arrangement is not provided as restriction.For example, the present invention can be used for the display device that its form comprises N viewpoint similarly.In these cases, in the definition of distance W P mentioned above, the quantity that is included in the pixel in the zone relevant with distance W P can change over N * m from 2m.

The scope that occurs the slit width of separation of images in the parallax barrier of back-type also is half of slit separation L, and is identical with preceding-type format.

Then, embodiment of the present invention will be described 6.Figure 24 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of present embodiment.In embodiments of the invention 5, between transmissive liquid crystal display panel and back light unit, place anisotropic scattering plate as anisotropic scattering portion, be parallel to as the image assign direction of the pod shape lens of image dispenser and place maximum scattering direction by the anisotropic scattering plate, and, form the anisotropic scattering structure of anisotropic scattering plate on the side of the anisotropic scattering plate of back light unit.Embodiment 6 is different from embodiment 5 parts and is and will has the half transmitting liquid crystal panel of viewing area that is used for transmission and the viewing area that is used to reflect as display panel in each pixel, the anisotropic scattering plate is placed between pod shape lens and half transmitting display panels, and the maximum scattering direction by the anisotropic scattering plate is the direction perpendicular to the image assign direction of pod shape lens.Also, form the anisotropic scattering structure of anisotropic scattering plate on the surface of the anisotropic scattering plate of pod shape lens.

Particularly, as shown in figure 24, in the half transmitting image display 15 of present embodiment, in direction, provide pod shape lens 3, anisotropic scattering plate 65, half transmitting display panels 22 and back light unit 8 in order away from the user.In addition, will be arranged to Y direction by the maximum scattering direction of anisotropic scattering plate 65, it is perpendicular to the X-direction as the image assign direction of pod shape lens.Also anisotropic scattering plate 65+form the anisotropic scattering structure 651 of anisotropic scattering plate 65 on the Z surface.Except above-mentioned points, the aspect of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 5.

In the present embodiment, can prevent because the decline of the display quality that the concaveconvex structure of pod shape lens and back light unit causes, and the image distribution effects of the pod shape lens of trading off indistinctively, and because can be by using anisotropic scattering plate restriction scattering direction, mode with identical with embodiment 5 can prevent the reduction of front face brightness.Opposite with embodiment 5, anisotropic scattering portion is placed between pod shape lens and half transmitting display panels, can prevent during reflection shows the decline of the display quality that causes owing to the concaveconvex structure of pod shape lens and Reflector Panel thus.Particularly, can prevent simultaneously because the display quality that the concaveconvex structure of back light unit causes descends and because the display quality decline that the concaveconvex structure of Reflector Panel causes.

In the present embodiment, be to place with the surface description that forms the anisotropic scattering structure of anisotropic scattering plate towards pod shape lens.Yet, compare with place this surperficial situation towards display panel, the focus of anisotropic scattering structure can be made, thereby decrease in image quality can be further reduced away from pod shape lens.Except above-mentioned points, the effect of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 5.

Before describing additional embodiments, newfound with at first describing, common problem to embodiments of the invention 7 to 10 by the inventor.This problem specifically is in the orientation of lens or slit, to have in the display device of pod shape lens or other image dispenser, the pattern that shows inoperative neighbor or other section boundaries districts is viewed as parallel lines, and reduces picture quality.The inventor has the picture quality of the display device of image dispenser and has carried out the research of concentrating at raising.As a result, the candy strip ratio that extends in the image assign direction of inventor's discovery on display image is more remarkable in the conventional display apparatus that does not have the image dispenser, and obtains following discovery.Therefore, use figure describes these discoveries.Figure 25 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of comparative example 1 of the present invention; Figure 26 is the vertical view of the pixel in the display panel shown in expression Figure 25; And Figure 27 be expression when the display device observed by the observer shown in Figure 25, the figure of the visual image of display screen.

As shown in figure 25, in the transflective liquid crystal display device 116 of comparative example 1,, provide pod shape lens 103 and transmissive liquid crystal display panel 123 in order from user's direction.In transmissive liquid crystal display panel 123, the display pixel of display panel is made up of adjacent left eye pixel 142L and right eye pixel 1 42R, and is identical with transmissive liquid crystal display panel 21 in the embodiments of the invention 5.In the mode identical, pod shape lens 103 are arranged in make the row of single cylindrical lens 103a corresponding to display pixel with embodiment 5.

As shown in figure 26, left eye pixel 142L in the transmissive liquid crystal display panel 1 23 of comparative example 1 and right eye pixel 142R have the outer resistance light district 140 that places of the pixel region of transmitted light.Be the influence of elimination neighbor and the purpose in the zone that protection provides wiring, form resistance light district 140.In comparative example 1, owing to arrange display pixel in X-direction and Y direction, resistance light district 140 has the shape that many lines that will extend and many toe-ins that extend close in Y direction in X-direction.In the common liquid crystals display panel, often find this shape that is used to hinder the light district.

In the time will offering the display panel that becomes form drag light district thus as the pod shape lens of image dispenser, the observer in the forward sees A-A line and the B-B line among left eye pixel 142L and the right eye pixel 142R respectively.Therefore, the observer can not see the line that extends in Y direction, and only sees the line that extends in X-direction, the zone that is hindered therein as light, as shown in figure 27.Particularly, the resistance light district of only in the image assign direction, extending as seen, and invisible perpendicular to the resistance light district in the direction of image assign direction.When pod shape lens were provided, the lattice in the vertical and horizontal was visible to the user, but provide pod shape lens only make in the image assign direction resistance light district to the observer as seen, and observe the candy strip that in the image assign direction, extends.Under the situation of comparative example 1, for example, because the image assign direction is corresponding to left and right directions, on display image, the candy strip in observing laterally overlappingly.By candy strip, reduce the quality of display image.

The inventor further studies candy strip and recognizes when display panel has low resolution, and this problem is more remarkable.Think that reason is when resolution reduces, the width of striped and the size at interfringe interval increase, and the user is easier sees striped.The inventor finds that when the vertical and horizontal resolution of display image was identical, this problem was remarkable especially when in three-dimensional image display device.Although think that reason is to work as vertical and horizontal resolution not simultaneously, because the fringes of superposition pattern in the horizontal direction, difference between the visible vertical and horizontal resolution of observer, but the difference of vertical and horizontal resolution is than the more significant problem of horizontal orientation candy strip, therefore, the problem of candy strip is not remarkable relatively.The inventor finds that also when using pod shape lens, this problem is than more remarkable when using parallax barrier as the image dispenser.Think that reason is because when using parallax barrier, the candy strip that extends in the direction perpendicular to the image assign direction is formed by slit and the zone except that slit, candy strip is more significant problem.Usually, do not occur when using pod shape lens at the pattern that occurs under the situation of parallax barrier, and the candy strip in the direction that is parallel to the image assign direction is a problem.

Embodiments of the invention 7 can overcome the problems referred to above.Figure 28 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of present embodiment, and Figure 29 is the vertical view of the pixel of the display panel shown in expression Figure 28.

As shown in figure 28, in the transflective liquid crystal display device 16 of embodiment 7,, provide pod shape lens 3, anisotropic scattering plate 66 and transmissive liquid crystal display panel 23 in order from user's direction.Transmissive liquid crystal display panel 23 is identical with the transmissive liquid crystal display panel 123 shown in Figure 25 and 26.Particularly, the display pixel of this display panel is made up of adjacent left eye pixel 42L and right eye pixel 42R.In the mode identical with embodiment 5, arrange pod shape lens 3 in case single cylindrical lens 3a corresponding to display pixel rows.In the mode identical with embodiments of the invention 1, place the anisotropic scattering plate 66 in the present embodiment, so that the maximum scattering direction is the direction perpendicular to the image assign direction of pod shape lens 3, and the minimum scatter direction is parallel to the image assign direction.Anisotropic scattering plate 66+the Z side, promptly form the anisotropic scattering structure 661 of anisotropic scattering plate 66 on the side of pod shape lens.

As shown in figure 29, left eye pixel 42L in the transmissive liquid crystal display panel 23 of embodiment 7 and right eye pixel 42R have resistance light district 40 outer the placing of the pixel region of transmitted light.In the mode identical with comparative example of the present invention 1, owing to arrange display pixel in X-direction and Y direction, resistance light district 40 has the shape that many lines that extend and many toe-ins that extend close in Y direction in X-direction.The aspect of present embodiment except above-mentioned points is identical with embodiment 1.

Then, with operation and the effect described according to the transflective liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment of constructing as mentioned above.In having the above-mentioned transflective liquid crystal display device of pod shape lens, the resistance light district of extending in the direction of the image assign direction that is parallel to pod shape lens is visible as candy strip.Yet,,, reduce the candy strip in the direction that is parallel to the image assign direction by the anisotropic scattering plate owing to be provided at the anisotropic scattering plate that has remarkable scattering in the direction perpendicular to the image assign direction of pod shape lens in the present embodiment.Place minimum scatter direction owing to be parallel to the image assign direction, can remain to minimum the adverse effect of image distribution effects by the anisotropic scattering plate.

In the present embodiment, to respect to applied pel spacing, the big display panel of width in the resistance light district of extending in the image assign direction of image dispenser, demonstration effect more significantly.An example of this display panel is the horizontal stripe display panel, and wherein, the red, green and blue color filter extends in being parallel to the image assign direction so that produce colored the demonstration.This is because in this horizontal stripe display panel, wherein, the direction of arranging striped is placed the border of different colours perpendicular to the image assign direction in perpendicular to the direction of image assign direction, cause the resistance light district of extending in the image assign direction of vast scale more.Can suitably use the present invention, and the influence that can be reduced in the resistance light district of extending in the image assign direction, thereby allow to obtain excellent picture quality.Obviously, the display panel with big pel spacing allows more effective application.Reason is that in the display panel with big pel spacing, candy strip has big spacing, and as seen the user is easy to.

In the display device with pod shape lens, parallax barrier and other image dispenser, present embodiment is particularly suitable for the application of the identical situation of the vertical and horizontal resolution of left-eye image, eye image and other display images, and the significant effect of demonstrating.This is because under the level situation different with vertical resolution, and owing to the difference between resolution, candy strip fogs, and becomes and be difficult to attention relatively.Particularly, the vertical and horizontal resolution by the coupling display image can make the easier relatively attention of candy strip in the direction that is parallel to the image assign direction, and can reduce candy strip effectively by the present invention.Can be when using parallax barrier make the image dispenser when in addition, using pod shape lens demonstration effect more significantly.Reason is can produce the high-quality display of no barrier pattern when using pod shape lens, therefore, notices the candy strip in the direction that is parallel to the image assign direction easily, and can reduce candy strip effectively.Except above-mentioned points, the effect of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1 or embodiment 5.

Now, will be with regard to the visibility of candy strip, promptly the resistance tabula rasa that extends in the direction of the image assign direction that is parallel to pod shape lens provides detailed description.Visibility is decided by people's eyesight and viewing distance.3-D display has three-dimensional viewing area, and therefore, the viewing distance supposition is used in that viewing area.Therefore, three-dimensional viewing area will at first be described.

Figure 30 is the sectional view that expression is used for calculating the optical model of the maximum viewing distance in the display device with pod shape lens combination.By pod shape lens, make the concentrated deflection of the light fate of sending from the required left eye pixel of display panel.This zone is called left eye district 71L.Similarly, make the concentrated deflection of the light right eye district 71R that sends from the right eye pixel.The beholder is placed on their left eye 551 on the left eye district 71L, and their right eye is placed on the right eye district 71R, thus, can make different images aim at their right and left eyes.If these images are anaglyphs, the beholder can watch 3-D view so.

Yet, the beholder can not with eyes be placed on arbitrary position among left eye district 71L and the right eye district 71R.This is the restriction of forcing because of by the pupil spacing.According to the document, people's pupil spacing is fixed value normally.For example, the average pupil spacing of adult male is 65mm, and standard deviation is ± 3.7mm.Adult female's average pupil spacing is 62mm, and standard deviation is ± 3.6m (Neil A.Dodgson, " Variation and Extrema of Human Interpupillary Distance ", Proc.SPIE vol.5291).Therefore, when design during three-dimensional display apparatus, the value that is used for the pupil spacing suitably is arranged in 62 to 65mm the scope, adopts the value of about 63mm.Three-dimensional viewing area is calculated in this pupil spacing restriction of size that must be by putting on the right and left eyes district.

Then, will the width in right and left eyes district be described.As described in above-mentioned, e was meant from the cycle of optimal viewing apart from the enlarged image of the pixel projection on the OD, yet this value preferably is arranged to equal the pupil spacing.If should cycle e less than the pupil spacing, the width of so three-dimensional viewing area will be limited by cycle e, and will reduce.If cycle e is greater than the pupil spacing, the width of so three-dimensional viewing area will not be subjected to the restriction of cycle e, but will be subjected to the restriction of pupil spacing.The side lobe that the more difficult use that becomes produces in vergence direction is watched.Therefore, even increase cycle e, the width of space does not increase yet.For this reason, make cycle e equal the pupil spacing.

Therefore, the maximum viewing distance in the three-dimensional viewing area is from X-direction, is arranged in the trace and the X-direction of the light that the display unit on the end of display panel sends, the intersection of the centreline space in a left side or right eye district.Therefore, pay close attention to from X-direction the light beam that send at the center of the display unit from the end that is positioned at display panel.Therefore, be WL at its end and highly be the triangle of optimal viewing apart from OD, with and the end be that e/2 and height are between the triangle of FD-OD, set up similarity relation.According to the result, set up formula 39, and rearrange the maximum viewing distance FD of formula permission acquisition, as shown in formula 40.

[formula 39]

WL∶OD＝e/2∶FD-OD

[formula 40]

FD＝OD×(WL+e/2)/WL

Then will calculate minimum viewing distance.Figure 31 is that expression is used for calculating the sectional view of the optical model of minimum viewing distance in the display device with pod shape lens combination.Minimum viewing distance in the three-dimensional viewing area is the intersecting of centreline space in a left side or right eye district in trace and the X-direction of the light that sends of the end of the display panel from X-direction.Therefore, pay close attention to from X-direction the light beam that the end (the right of this figure) of the display unit from the end that is positioned at display panel sends.Therefore, at its end be WL+e/2 and high for the triangle of minimum viewing distance ND and the end be e/2 and high be between the triangle of OD-ND, set up similarity relation.Therefore, formula 41 is set up, and rearranges the feasible minimum viewing distance ND of acquisition of formula, shown in formula 42.

[formula 41]

e/2∶OD-ND＝WL+e/2∶ND

[formula 42]

ND＝OD×(WL+e/2)/(WL+e)

Use above-mentioned formula, calculate three-dimensional visible range 71.Diamondoid dimetric form is adopted in this zone, shown in Figure 30 and 31.Width that should the zone in the X-direction is half of cycle e of pixel enlarging projection image.Width in the Y direction is the difference between maximum viewing distance FD and minimum viewing distance ND.

When being arranged in three-dimensional viewing area, the beholder does not preferably know to hinder the light district.For example, when in three-dimensional viewing area, the beholder can not be from as seeing [resistance light district] from the maximum viewing distance FD of display panel end farthest, and preferably can not see [resistance light district] apart from OD from optimal viewing.In optimal arrangement, the beholder can not see [resistance light district] from minimum viewing distance ND.

Describe the visibility that just hinders the light district now in detail, i.e. relation between the width in viewing distance and resistance light district.For stoping the beholder to see resistance light district, the width in resistance light district must be arranged to be equal to or less than according to beholder's eyesight and definite resolution.Shown in figure 32, the relation between beholder's eyesight and the minimal visual angle that can discern is determined according to formula 43.

[formula 43]

Eyesight=1/ visual angle (minimum)

The eyesight value is generally 1.0, and the minimal visual angle that will have the observer of 1.0 eyesight according to formula 43 is calculated as 1min, promptly 1/60 °.Therefore, the resolution of the observer's of viewing distance D (mm) eyes will for D * tan (1/60) (mm).Angle is as the tan angular unit, and the occurrence of tan (1/60) is 0.00029.Therefore, if make resistance light district, promptly to showing inoperative width, less than D * tan (1/60) (mm), just can make the resolution of the width in resistance light district, and can prevent that the beholder from seeing resistance light district less than eyes.

When considering above, the width that must make resistance light district is less than FD * tan (1/60), preferably less than OD * tan (1/60).If the width in resistance light district less than ND * tan (1/60), in whole three-dimensional viewing area, can prevent that the beholder from seeing resistance light district so.

Particularly according to present embodiment, even, will reduce the ability that the beholder sees resistance light district, and can improve display quality decontroling above-mentioned restriction and amplifying under the situation of the width that hinders the light district.Particularly, the width in the resistance light district of extending in the direction of the image assign direction that is parallel to the image distributor is under the situation of ND * tan (1/60), can use the present invention effectively.

Foregoing description belongs to the situation of the lens that comprise the ability of using the maximization separation to be used for the separation of right and left eyes pixel image.Yet, under the situation that comprises the pin hole shape fence that uses maximization separation of images performance, also can use identical description.When using lens,, when promptly lens focal plane departs from pixel planes, will make three-dimensional viewing area littler than above-mentioned when setting defocuses.When making the fence opening bigger, cause identical result.Yet when reducing three-dimensional viewing area, optimal viewing will remain unchanged apart from OD, and maximum viewing distance FD will be reduced near optimal viewing distance OD, and minimum viewing distance ND will be increased near optimal viewing distance OD.Therefore, also can be used in the situation that reduces separating property when carrying out the condition of using hereinbefore when calculating for the maximization separating property.

The structure of present embodiment makes the influence reduce the resistance light district of extending in the direction perpendicular to the image assign direction of image distributor become possibility.In three-dimensional display apparatus, in vertical direction, i.e. the non-display area that extends in the Y direction, scioptics or other image distributors are exaggerated and are projected on the sightingpiston.In the present embodiment, light is dispersed in X-direction (image assign direction) on the degree of the separating property of can not trading off significantly, so the energy minimization influence.

Then, embodiment of the present invention will be described 8.Figure 33 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of present embodiment, and Figure 34 is the vertical view of the pixel of the display panel shown in expression Figure 33.In embodiment 7, the resistance light district of transmissive liquid crystal display panel have will in X-direction, extend many lines and many toe-ins that in Y direction, the extend shape of closing.Embodiment 8 difference from Example 7 are the resistance light district difformity of transmissive liquid crystal display panel.Particularly, the line that extends in X-direction is linear, but the line that extends in Y direction tilts with respect to Y-axis.

Particularly, as shown in figure 33, transflective liquid crystal display device 16 parts that the transflective liquid crystal display device 17 in the present embodiment is different from embodiments of the invention 7 are to use transmissive liquid crystal display panel 24.Pod shape lens 3 as other element are identical with embodiment 7 with anisotropic scattering plate 66.

As shown in figure 34, left eye pixel 43L in the transmissive liquid crystal display panel 24 of embodiment 8 and right eye pixel 43R have resistance light district 42 outer the placing of the pixel region of transmitted light.Hinder the direction of light district 42 with respect to the line of X-direction extension therein, promptly the left eye pixel 43L direction adjacent with right eye pixel 43R is parallel to X-direction.The line in the resistance light district 42 of extending in Y direction on the contrary, is the set with respect to the line of Y direction inclination.Therefore, the pixel region that is used for transmitted light has substantially parallel quadrangle form.The photic zone of pixel adjacent one another are has around X-axis in Y direction, the substantially parallel quadrangle form of linear symmetric.Therefore, in the line in the resistance light district 42 of in Y direction, extending, the line that tilts from Y direction to+directions X, and be formed on the Y direction, the alternately zigzag pattern that each pixel is repeated from Y direction to-line that X-direction tilts.Except above-mentioned points, the aspect of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 7.

In the present embodiment, in the mode identical with embodiment 7, the feasible candy strip that reduces in the direction of the image assign direction that is parallel to pod shape lens of the anisotropic scattering result of anisotropic scattering plate, and increase picture quality, and the image distribution effects of compromise pod shape lens as the image dispenser.Particularly in the present embodiment, because the line in the resistance light district of extending in Y direction forms the zigzag pattern, image distribution effects by pod shape lens, be amplified in the resistance light district of extending in the Y direction to the user, and the appearance in zone that can prevent the reduction brightness of the boundary between left eye pixel and right eye pixel.In this case, because in X-direction as the image assign direction, visual picture in the wideer scope in than embodiment 7, when the candy strip that can not reduce in the X-direction, more great problem occurs, but because in the present embodiment, use anisotropic scattering portion can reduce candy strip, therefore, can demonstrate than embodiment 7 more significant effects.

In the present embodiment, the line in the resistance light district that will extend in Y direction is described as forming with respect to Y direction, and to the zigzag pattern of each pixel repetition, but the present invention is not subjected to this structural limitations.For example, can in single pixel, form a plurality of zigzags, maybe can form zigzag figure by the cycle of a plurality of pixels.With the zigzag pattern be described as by from Y direction to+X-direction or-line that directions X tilts forms, but do not limit this structure, and can form this pattern by curve.In addition, the pixel region that is used for transmitted light is described as having substantially parallel quadrangle form, but does not limit this structure.Each pixel for example can have trapezoidal shape basically, and trapezoidal basically opening can be arranged in the rotation symmetry that has between neighbor.

Figure 35 is the vertical view of another example of the pixel of the display panel that can use in the present embodiment of expression.As shown in figure 35, in transmissive liquid crystal display panel 24a, left eye pixel 43La and right eye pixel 43Ra have resistance light district 42a on around the pixel region that is used for printing opacity, and by resistance light district 42a around photic zone have trapezoidal basically shape.Also, arrange left eye pixel 43La and right eye pixel 43Ra with the rotation symmetric relation.Also, arrange the photic zone of the neighbor in the Y direction with the rotation symmetric relation.Therefore, under the situation of the single line of the resistance light district 42a that in Y direction, extends, the line that tilts to+directions X from Y direction, and the zigzag pattern that repeats of each pixel the linear paired Y direction that tilts from Y direction to-directions X, and to other lines of the resistance light district 42a that extends in the Y direction adjacent in X-direction, this zigzag pattern is around the Y-axis symmetry.In the present embodiment, except that above-mentioned effect, this structure suitably can be applied to particularly use the active matrix display panel of thin film transistor (TFT), and the open area ratio that can obtain increase.Except above-mentioned points, the effect of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1 or embodiment 5.

Then, embodiment of the present invention will be described 9.Figure 36 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of present embodiment; And Figure 37 is the vertical view of the pixel of the display panel shown in expression Figure 36.Embodiment 9 is different from embodiment 8 parts and is usage level field mode transmissive liquid crystal display panel.

As shown in figure 36, the transflective liquid crystal display device 18 of present embodiment transflective liquid crystal display device 17 parts that are different from embodiments of the invention 8 are usage level field mode transmissive liquid crystal display panel 25.Pod shape lens 3 as other element are identical with embodiment 8 with anisotropic scattering plate 66.

As shown in figure 37, the transmissive liquid crystal display panel 25 of embodiment 9 is level field mode liquid crystal display panels, and the comb electrode 48 that is formed for generating horizontal component of electric field in left eye pixel 44L and right eye pixel 44R in the XY plane.Left eye pixel 44L and right eye pixel R also on the periphery of the pixel region of transmitted light, have resistance light district 43.The basic configuration in resistance light district 43 is identical with the embodiment 8 shown in Figure 34.Yet present embodiment is different from embodiment 8 parts and is that the display panel of present embodiment is a level field pattern display panel, and resistance light district has bigger width so that reduce influence from the level field of neighbor, and is convenient to place comb electrode 48.Particularly, the direction of the line that extend in resistance light district 43 is parallel to X-direction, i.e. the left eye pixel 44L direction adjacent with right eye pixel 44R.The line in the resistance light district 43 of extending in Y direction on the contrary, is the set with respect to the line of Y direction inclination.Therefore, the pixel region that is used for printing opacity has substantially parallel quadrangle form.The photic zone of pixel adjacent one another are has the substantially parallel quadrangle form around the X-axis linear symmetric in Y direction.Therefore, in the line in the resistance light district 43 of in Y direction, extending, the line that tilts from Y direction to+directions X, and be formed on the Y direction to-line that directions X tilts, the alternately zigzag pattern that each pixel is repeated from Y direction.Comb electrode 48 forms abreast with the zigzag pattern in resistance light district 43, and has predetermined angular in Y direction.Because the width in the resistance light district 43 that forms in the zigzag pattern reduces the influence of the level field of neighbor, this width is greater than embodiment 8.By the width bigger than embodiment 8, be formed on the line in the resistance light district 43 of extending in the X-direction, reason is can not generate owing to the wiring of the pars pectinata of the comb electrode in the level field pattern in the root appearance of comb electrode the zone of level field, and must stop light in these zones.Except above-mentioned points, the aspect of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 8.

In the present embodiment, in the mode identical with embodiment 8, the anisotropic scattering effect of anisotropic scattering plate makes and to reduce candy strip in the direction parallel with the image assign direction of pod shape lens, and improves picture quality and the image distribution effects of compromise pod shape lens as the image dispenser becomes possibility.Present embodiment is particularly suitable for being used in the in-plane-switching mode, drives in the display panels, and can reduce effectively because the candy strip that causes in the resistance light district of the root formation of comb electrode.On comb electrode, a little less than the level field, and insufficient driving of liquid crystal molecule causes the transmittance that reduces, and because inhomogeneous transmittance, reduce display quality, but the anisotropic scattering effect of the anisotropic scattering plate in the present embodiment makes and prevents to reduce display quality, and the image distribution effects of compromise pod shape lens does not become possibility.

Present embodiment can be suitable for use in and drive in the display panels that is in the in-plane-switching mode, and can realize that wide visual angle shows, need not contrast inversion on wide range.Other examples of this liquid crystal mode comprise the super fringe field switching mode of the level field pattern that fringe field switching mode is identical with in-plane-switching mode with conduct, and can use these patterns in an identical manner.Comb electrode can be the non-transparent electrode that is formed by aluminium or another metal material, maybe can be the transparency electrode that is formed by ITO (indium tin oxide) or the like, but in either case, can obtain identical effect.

In addition, in the present embodiment, display panels is not limited to the level field pattern, and can suitably be used in the liquid crystal mode, wherein, because electrode structure, concaveconvex structure or other structures of display pixel generate transmission and distribute in single pixel.Except that above-mentioned pattern, the example of this liquid crystal mode comprises multiple domain vertical alignment pattern as the vertical alignment pattern of multiple domain, figure vertical alignment pattern, advanced super V model or the like.Reason is under the situation of multiple domain vertical alignment pattern, and the zone of transmitted light does not appear on the border between the territory.Except above-mentioned points, the effect of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 8.

The display unit of display panel has the alignment of striated colour element so that produce colored the demonstration, but the orientation of color fringe can be the above-mentioned second direction among the present invention.Can form display unit with square.

Then, embodiment of the present invention will be described 10.Figure 38 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of present embodiment, and Figure 39 is the vertical view of the pixel of the display panel shown in expression Figure 38.Embodiment 10 is different from embodiment 7 parts and is to use the half transmitting display panels, wherein, in the viewing area of each pixel, is provided for the zone of transmission demonstration and is used to reflect the zone of demonstration.

Particularly, as shown in figure 38, transflective liquid crystal display device 16 parts that the transflective liquid crystal display device 19 in the present embodiment is different from the embodiments of the invention 7 are to use half transmitting display panels 26.Pod shape lens 3 as other element are identical with embodiment 7 with anisotropic scattering plate 66.

As shown in figure 39, left eye pixel 45L in the half transmitting display panels 26 of embodiment 10 and right eye pixel 45R have resistance light district 44 on around the viewing area of each pixel.Resistance light district 44 has the shape that many lines that will extend in the X-direction and many toe-ins that extend close in Y direction.In the viewing area of each pixel that centers on by resistance light district 44, form transmission viewing area and reflective display region.Particularly, in each left eye pixel 45L, form transmission viewing area 45Lt and reflective display region 45Lr, and arrange the viewing area and make each pixel is divided into two parts of arranging in Y direction.In an identical manner, in each right eye pixel 45R, form transmission viewing area 45Rt and reflective display region 45Rr.Particularly, when watching a plurality of pixel simultaneously, extend in transmission viewing area and the reflective display region horizontal line in X-direction.Except above-mentioned points, the aspect of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 7.

In the present embodiment, in the mode identical with embodiment 7, the anisotropic scattering effect of anisotropic scattering plate make to reduce the candy strip in the direction parallel with the image assign direction of pod shape lens and improves picture quality, and the image distribution effects of not trading off as the pod shape lens of image dispenser becomes possibility.Particularly in the present embodiment, can reduce in the transmission demonstration and the candy strip in the image assign direction that occurs during reflecting demonstration.For example, under the situation that transmission shows, particularly when the peripheral region was dark, it is identical with resistance light district that reflective display region seems, and exterior light is inoperative to showing.Therefore, when not having anisotropic scattering portion, not only hinder the light district and produce candy strip, and reflective display region seems to resemble candy strip, reduce display quality significantly.During the transmission of present embodiment showed, anisotropic scattering portion reduced the candy strip that is caused by resistance light district, and by the candy strip that reflective display region causes, therefore, can improve the quality that transmission shows.In a like fashion, under the situation that reflection shows, particularly when the peripheral region was bright, it is identical with resistance light district that the transmission viewing area seems, and the reflection demonstration is preponderated invisible to cause transmission to show.Therefore, when not having anisotropic scattering portion, not only hinder the light district and produce candy strip, and the transmission viewing area seems to resemble candy strip, reduce display quality significantly.During the reflection of present embodiment showed, anisotropic scattering portion can reduce the candy strip that is caused by resistance light district, and by the candy strip that the transmission viewing area causes, therefore can improve the quality that reflection shows.Particularly, can improve the quality that transmission shows and reflection shows in the half transmitting liquid crystal display.Except above-mentioned points, the effect of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 7.

Then, embodiment of the present invention will be described 11.Figure 40 is the skeleton view of expression according to the terminal device of present embodiment, and Figure 41 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of present embodiment.

Shown in Figure 40 and 41, the reflected image display device 10 of present embodiment is included in the mobile phone 91 as terminal device.Present embodiment be different from embodiment 1 part be to constitute pod shape lens 3 cylindrical lens 3a vertically, i.e. Y direction, be image display laterally, be the horizontal direction of image, and the orientation of cylindrical lens 3a, i.e. X-direction, be vertically, i.e. the vertical direction of image.

As shown in figure 40, in reflective liquid crystal display panels 27, right by a plurality of pixels of arranged, wherein each pixel is to all being made up of the first viewpoint pixel 4F and the second viewpoint pixel 4S.In the orientation of the first viewpoint pixel 4F of single pixel centering and the second viewpoint pixel 4S is X-direction as the orientation of cylindrical lens 3a, and is vertical (vertical direction) of screen.Pixel 4F has the 1 described identical structure with embodiment with 4S.In addition, will be arranged to X-direction by the maximum scattering direction of anisotropic scattering plate 67, and the minimum scatter direction will be arranged to Y direction.Except above-mentioned points, the aspect of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.

Then, with describing the operation of the image display of present embodiment, although basic operation is identical with embodiment 1, shown image difference.The first viewpoint pixel 4F of reflective liquid crystal display panels 27 shows the image that is used for first viewpoint, and the second viewpoint pixel 4S shows the image that is used for second viewpoint.The image that is used for first viewpoint is the plane picture with different displaying contents with the image that is used for second viewpoint, and is not the 3-D view with parallax.Image also can have nothing to do each other, maybe can represent relevant information.

The advantage of present embodiment is the image quality decrease that can not only prevent that the concaveconvex structure by pod shape lens and Reflector Panel from causing, and the image distribution effects of the pod shape lens of trading off indistinctively, and the observer can watch first visual point image or second visual point image selectively only by changing the angle of mobile phone 91.Particularly when first visual point image is relevant with second visual point image, can improve convenience, because can between image, switch by changing the straightforward procedure at visual angle.When in laterally, arranging first visual point image and second visual point image,, can observe different images with left eye by right eye according to viewing location.In this case, the observer hazes, and the image that can not discern each viewpoint.Yet as shown in this embodiment, when arrangement was used for the image of a plurality of viewpoints in vertically, the observer always can check the image that is used for each viewpoint with eyes, therefore, is easy to recognition image.Except above-mentioned points, the effect of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.Present embodiment also can combine with any one of embodiment 2 to 10.

In embodiment 1 to 11, the image display that is installed in mobile phone or the like has been described, by the image that has with respect to the parallax of single observer's right and left eyes is provided, shows 3-D view or provide multiple image simultaneously to single observer.Yet the present invention is not subjected to this structural limitations, and large-scale display panel can be provided, and is used for providing a plurality of different images to a plurality of observers.As described below, this is to also setting up from embodiment 12 residue embodiment forward.

Now, embodiment of the present invention will be described 12.Figure 42 is the sectional view according to the display device of embodiment 12.Embodiment 12 is different from embodiments of the invention 1 part significantly and is anisotropic scattering layer 681 is provided in substrate 2a, and the anisotropic scattering plate is not provided.Particularly, embodiment 12 is " in the unit " type display panels, wherein, anisotropic scattering layer is embedded in the panel.

As shown in figure 42, in reflective liquid crystal display device 111, use reflective liquid crystal display panels 28 according to present embodiment.In constituting the substrate of reflective liquid crystal display panels 28, do not form Reflector Panel 4, and anisotropic scattering layer 681 be positioned at for observer's end+liquid crystal layer 5 of substrate 2a on the Z direction side on, except above-mentioned points, the structure of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.

The same with embodiment 1, use anisotropic scattering layer in the present embodiment, the feasible thus any deterioration that minimizes the display quality that causes by the concaveconvex structure that is used in combination pod shape lens and Reflector Panel, and the image distribution effects of the pod shape lens of trading off indistinctively.Also can use the similar glass substrate or the pod shape lens that use with tradition, and not require anisotropic scattering glue or anisotropic scattering plate.Therefore, can use still less member, reduce cost and thinner profile be provided.Also anisotropic scattering layer can be placed near the Reflector Panel, thus can improve in display surface and thickness direction in bearing accuracy, reduce sum of errors and improve picture quality.

Use photoetching technique and 2P method, can form the anisotropic scattering layer of present embodiment.Replace anisotropic scattering layer, also the anisotropic scattering structure can be offered the surface of the substrate 2a on the liquid crystal layer.External coating can be provided to the liquid crystal side of anisotropic scattering structure.This is with the floating any scrambling that is caused by the anisotropic scattering structure, and the orientability that improves liquid crystal molecule.Can in being used to provide the layer of the colored color filter that shows, comprise anisotropic scattering layer.Except above-mentioned points, the structure of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.

Embodiment of the present invention will be described now 13.Figure 43 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiment 13.Embodiment 13 is different from embodiment 12 parts and is pattern is offered anisotropic scattering layer 681.

Particularly, as shown in figure 43, reflective liquid crystal display panels 29 is used in the reflective liquid crystal display device 112 according to present embodiment.Anisotropic scattering layer 681 is positioned on liquid crystal layer 5 sides of substrate 2a.Adopt so-called " in the unit " structure.Anisotropic scattering layer 681 is positioned at part rather than whole display surface.With respect to the position of the concaveconvex structure of Reflector Panel, correspondingly place anisotropic scattering layer 681.For example, the position of the anisotropic scattering layer 681 in the position of the concaveconvex structure in the display surface and the display surface is identical.Except above-mentioned points, the structure of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 12.

In the present embodiment,, correspondingly place anisotropic scattering layer, minimize any deterioration of the display quality that causes owing to the concaveconvex structure that is used in combination pod shape lens and reflecting plate thus with respect to the concaveconvex structure of reflecting plate.Owing to anisotropic scattering layer only can be placed in the zone that may go wrong, energy minimization is to the influence in other zones.For example, this embodiment can suitably use in conjunction with the half transmitting display panels, and anisotropic scattering layer only can be placed in the reflective display region, so that can influence the transmission viewing area sharply.

It is very important in the present embodiment that the anisotropic scattering effect has the fact of the distribution in the display surface.Therefore, the anisotropic scattering effect of anisotropic scattering layer has distribution in the surface, and the pattern that does not apply, and can only appear in the desired zone.Particularly, give the dispersion effect that makes scattering layer, and this layer is only effective to improving the anisotropic scattering effect near the concaveconvex structure of Reflector Panel by distributing in the face.Except above-mentioned points, the structure of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 12.

Now, embodiment of the present invention will be described 14.Figure 44 is the sectional view of expression according to the display panel of embodiment 14.Embodiment 14 is different from embodiments of the invention 1 part significantly and is to replace the anisotropic scattering plate, the anisotropic scattering structure is offered the curved face part of lens.

Particularly, as shown in figure 44, the pod shape lens 33 with a plurality of cylindrical lens 33a are used in the reflective liquid crystal display panels 113 according to present embodiment.In the recess region between adjacent cylindrical lenses 33a, anisotropic scattering structure 691 is offered pod shape lens 33.Except above-mentioned points, the structure of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.

The anisotropic scattering structure is offered the curved regions of the lens in the present embodiment, can minimize any deterioration of the display quality that causes by being used in combination of concaveconvex structure of pod shape lens and Reflector Panel thus.Can make the focus of the surface of formation anisotropic scattering structure, allow to obtain the preferable image quality away from pod shape lens.The anisotropic scattering structure is offered recess region between adjacent cylindrical lenses, prevent near optical axis in compromise separation of images performance, wherein, aberration is minimum and obtain outstanding separation of images performance.Particularly, the zone that obtains outstanding separation of images performance is used for separate picture, and the zone that will reduce the separation of images performance is used for anisotropic scattering, all realizes performance at this aspect two thus.

Although must change pod shape lens itself in the present embodiment, this can realize by the secondary process of carrying out existing molding.Therefore, the structure of pod shape lens, the structure that soon will be used as the zone of lens needn't change.Increase under the situation of anisotropic scattering structure in mould, the recess region between adjacent lens will be the convex surface district in the mould.Therefore, can process it and go up the zone most.Processing is gone up the zone most than the easier execution of the recess region in the processing mold.Particularly, mould can be the ground of arranging in the direction of lens and having a mind to provide stripping and slicing.Except above-mentioned points, the structure of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.

Embodiment of the present invention will be described now 15.Figure 45 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiment 45.Embodiment 45 is different from embodiment 1 part and is not use the anisotropic scattering plate, and the observer who fender is offered pod shape lens holds, and fender has the anisotropic scattering performance.

Particularly, as shown in figure 45, fender 79 be arranged in according to the pod shape lens 3 of the reflective liquid crystal display device 114 of present embodiment+Z direction side (observer's side) on.Fender 79 is from outer protection display panel 2 and pod shape lens 3.Fender 79 has the anisotropic scattering performance.The light quilt is the direction of scattering anisotropically, and other aspects of basic anisotropic scattering performance are identical with embodiment 1.Except above-mentioned points, the structure of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.

Present embodiment does not require and changes display panel or pod shape lens, allows to use the present invention, and any deterioration that can minimize the display quality that causes by being used in combination of concaveconvex structure of pod shape lens and Reflector Panel.

In the present embodiment, the anisotropic scattering structure can be formed on-the Z surface on, i.e. the side surface of fender on pod shape lens side.Also can dispose Trackpad, replace fender.If the zone of demonstration anisotropic scattering effect is away from pod shape lens, demonstration will thicken, and therefore, as possible, preferably this zone will be placed near the zone of lens.Except above-mentioned points, the structure of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.

Now, the description of relevant embodiments of the invention 16 will be provided.Figure 46 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiment 46; Figure 47 is the skeleton view that is expressed as according to the structural detail fly's-eye lens of the display device of present embodiment; Figure 48 is the vertical view of expression fly's-eye lens; And Figure 49 represents the figure relevant with the anisotropic scattering plate, and wherein, Figure 49 A represents the scattering properties of embodiments of the invention 1, and Figure 49 B represents the scattering properties of embodiment 16.Embodiment 16 is different from embodiment 1 part and is to replace pod shape lens, uses fly's-eye lens.In addition, the anisotropic scattering plate has the twin shaft scattering properties, produces strong scattering in the X-shaped structure.Particularly, present embodiment can produce the image distribution effects in a plurality of directions of display surface.Therefore, even present embodiment can suitably be used in Rotation screen and also provide in the display device of 3-D view, and be used in the display device of stereographic form, wherein, even in vertical direction and horizontal direction, under the situation of moving view point, also can see different anaglyphs.

As shown in figure 46, different structural details is used in the reflective liquid crystal display device 115 according to present embodiment, but identical among the basic structure in the Z-direction and the embodiment 1.Particularly, fly's-eye lens 34 is placed on the display surface side of reflective display panel 2.Anisotropic scattering plate 601 is placed on 2 of fly's-eye lens 34 and reflective display panel.

Shown in Figure 47 and 48, fly's-eye lens 34 is to be separated to the separation of images optical component that different directions provides for the light that the pixel on the reflective display panel 2 is sent.Fly's-eye lens 34 is lens arras of arranging a plurality of lenticule 34a by two-dimensional array.Especially, the lenticule 34a in the present embodiment has two-dimentional spherical structure, the separating action so that fly's-eye lens 34 will be demonstrated in Y direction and the X-direction.Lenticule 34a is configured to be arranged in X-direction and the Y direction.Therefore, fly's-eye lens 34 is combined with display panel, wherein, arrange the display unit that comprises left eye pixel 4L and right eye pixel 4R at least, can in X-direction and Y direction, show different images thus by the form of matrix.Those display units placed adjacent one another will be used for showing the image of the viewpoint that is used for vertical direction in Y direction.

Especially, think identical in spacing and the Y direction of the lenticule 34a in the X-direction in the present embodiment.Especially, if the spacing of the lenticule 34a in the X-direction is defined as a, so, the spacing in the Y direction also will be a.Therefore, have under the lenticular situation of uniform distances in the both direction, preferably in display panel, also use pixel with uniform distances in the both direction in use.

In figure shown in Figure 49, with form from the distance of initial point, the scattering strength in the expression XY plane.Use this figure, between the scattering properties of the anisotropic scattering plate 601 of the anisotropic scattering plate 6 of embodiment 1 and embodiment 16, compare.Shown in Figure 49 A, the scattering properties of the anisotropic scattering plate 6 of embodiment 1 is maximum in Y direction, and minimum in X-direction.On the contrary, shown in Figure 49 B, the scattering properties of the anisotropic scattering plate 601 among the embodiment 16 is maximum in ± 45 ° of directions, and in 0 and 90 ° of direction, promptly minimum in X-and the Y-direction of principal axis.The direction of scattering maximum particularly, is in the centre of assign direction.In other words, in the direction of dividing the angle that forms assign direction, the scattering maximum.Holographic diffuser that can service recorder two-dimension holographic pattern, such X-shaped twin shaft scattering properties of demonstrating.

Now, with the relation of describing between the assign direction of the scattering properties of anisotropic scattering plate 601 and fly's-eye lens 34.Fly's-eye lens 34 has distribution effects in X and Y direction, therefore, scattering minimum in assign direction and perpendicular direction, and substantially the same.The direction that maximum scattering occurs is different from assign direction.Scattering properties in this expression assign direction is different from other directions.Except above-mentioned points, the structure of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.

The scattering property of the anisotropic scattering plate in the present embodiment is minimum in the 0 and 90 ° of direction of image assign direction that is fly's-eye lens.Therefore, the image distribution effects of the compromise fly's-eye lens of anisotropic scattering plate.Scattering property is to the angular direction, and is strong in promptly ± 45 °, inessential in described direction epigraph distribution effects.Therefore, minimize any deterioration of the display quality that causes by the concaveconvex structure that is used in combination pod shape lens and Reflector Panel, and can improve display quality, and not compromise image distribution effects.In addition, the present invention can be effectively used to have in the display device of image distribution effects in a plurality of directions in display surface.

In the present embodiment, described in the direction that the angle that will form assign direction is divided into two and maximum scattering occurred.Yet if the direction of maximum scattering only is approximately the bisection direction, this will be enough, and must not be strict bisection direction.

In the present embodiment, described the fly's-eye lens optical devices that act on image distribution purpose, yet with regard to the present invention, present embodiment is not provided as restriction.Can be to place two pod shape lens each other in the right angle.Alternatively, can place a plurality of pod shape lens with the angle that does not comprise right-angle structure.Also can use the parallax barrier of placing pin hole in its inherent two-dimensional structure.

The anisotropic scattering plate has been described as having maximum scattering in two directions (± 45 °) in display surface, the multiaxis anisotropic scattering performance but this plate can be demonstrated wherein, strong scattering occurs in several directions.The value of the scattering strength in two strong scattering directions can be different to each direction.Except above-mentioned points, the structure of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.

The description of relevant embodiments of the invention 17 is provided now.Figure 50 is the sectional view of expression according to the display device of embodiment 17.Figure 51 is the vertical view of expression according to the structural detail fly's-eye lens of the display device of embodiment 17.Figure 52 is the figure of expression according to the scattering properties of the anisotropic scattering portion of embodiment 17.Figure 53 is the figure of expression according to the scattering properties of the anisotropic scattering plate of present embodiment, and wherein, the x axle is represented the angle in the display surface, and the y axle is represented scattering property.Just arrange the lenticular spacing that constitutes fly's-eye lens, embodiment 17 is different from embodiment 1.It is relevant with the anisotropic scattering optimization in Properties among the embodiment 17 to change this spacing.

As shown in figure 50, in reflective liquid crystal display device 117, use reflective liquid crystal display panels 29, anisotropic scattering plate 602 and fly's-eye lens 35 according to present embodiment.

Shown in Figure 51, in X-direction, by spacing a, and in Y direction, arrange the lenticule 35a that constitutes fly's-eye lens 35 by spacing b.Particularly, lenticule 35a has the different spacing value in X and Y direction.Related with fly's-eye lens 35, the X of reflective liquid crystal display panels 29 and Y direction spacing also are different values.Therefore, be that the pel spacing that can quote in X and the Y direction is the object lesson of different value under 1/3 the situation of the value in the Y direction in the X-direction spacing of the unit pixel that constitutes display unit.Typical color display panel has the pixel of three kinds of primary colors (red, green and blue), therefore, the pel spacing in the assigned direction will be in the vertical with it direction pel spacing 1/3.When using this display panel, the lenticular spacing in the X-direction will be the value that is different from the value of the spacing in the Y direction.In another different example of distance values, can quote following situation, promptly the number of its viewpoint is different on X and Y direction, but X is identical with pel spacing in the Y direction.For example, exist in X-direction under the situation that has four viewpoints in two viewpoints and the Y direction, the lenticular spacing in the Y direction is about 4 times of spacing in the X-direction.Therefore, depend on the structure of the display panel that will adopt and with the display characteristic of demonstration, lenticular spacing will be different thus.

Shown in Figure 52, in mode similar to Example 16, anisotropic scattering plate 602 has X-shaped twin shaft scattering properties, yet, the direction difference of maximum scattering appears.Particularly, the direction that maximum scattering occurs is with respect to X-direction, rotation+θ/2 and-direction of θ/2.Angle θ is the angle that is formed by two maximum scattering directions.Two angles exist: θ and 180 °-θ, however in the present embodiment, θ is defined as 0 °≤θ≤90 °,, is defined as angle with less angle that is.If use this angle theta, can be expressed as at both direction in the position angle of maximum scattering direction so: ± θ/2.

Shown in Figure 53, the anisotropic scattering performance is that the direction of minimum value is in 0 and 90 °.

Now, will describe the X-direction spacing a and the Y direction spacing b of the fly's-eye lens of present embodiment in detail, and the relation of between position angle ± θ/2 of angle theta and maximum scattering direction.In the present embodiment, use this three parameter a, b and θ set up the relation shown in the formula 44.

[formula 44]

tan(θ/2)＝b/α

Particularly, in this relation, only the direction of anisotropic scattering device generation maximum scattering is arranged in and constitutes the lenticular to the angular direction of fly's-eye lens.Therefore, also can reduce scattering property in the image assign direction of fly's-eye lens.Except above-mentioned points, the structure of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 16.

In the present embodiment, the scattering property of anisotropic scattering plate is being minimum in 0 ° of the image assign direction of fly's-eye lens and the 90 ° of directions.Therefore, the anisotropic scattering plate image distribution effects of fly's-eye lens of will not trading off.In to the angular direction, scattering property is strong, and wherein, the image distribution effects is inessential.This prevents owing to be used in combination any deterioration of the display quality that the concaveconvex structure of pod shape lens and Reflector Panel causes, and makes display quality improve, and compromise image distribution effects.Preferably with in X and Y direction, the display device that the pel spacing value is different with number of views uses together in the present invention.

Can the demonstrate condition of maximum efficiency of the present invention of formula 44 regulation, yet, with regard to the present invention, use the definite value of this formula not to be provided as restriction.For example, in embodiment 16, it is identical that the anisotropic scattering direction can keep, and only change the lenticular spacing of fly's-eye lens; On the contrary, it is identical that spacing can keep, and can change anisotropic scattering position angle and angle.

In embodiment 16, adopt in embodiment 17 notion of the Y direction lenticular spacing b in the fly's-eye lens as X-direction lenticular spacing a.Therefore, according to formula 44, tan (θ/2)=α/α=1, and θ/2=45 °.Except above-mentioned points, the structure of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 16.

Can be separately or suitably combination realize the foregoing description.

Claims

1. display device comprises:

Display panel in described display panel, comprises pixel that is used to show the image that is used for first viewpoint and a plurality of display units that are used to show the pixel of the image that is used for second viewpoint at least by arranged;

The image dispenser, be used for to be assigned to different directions from the light that described pixel is sent along first direction, along described first direction, be used for showing the described pixel of the image that is used for first viewpoint and be used to show that the described pixel of the image that is used for second viewpoint is arranged on described display unit; And

Anisotropic scattering portion is used for respect to described display panel, and scatter incident light or emergent light are so that the scattering in described first direction is different from the scattering in the direction except that described first direction.

2. display device as claimed in claim 1 wherein, is different from scattering in the described first direction perpendicular to the scattering in the second direction of described first direction.

3. display device as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the maximum scattering direction by described anisotropic scattering portion is described second direction.

4. display device as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the maximum scattering direction by described anisotropic scattering portion is the direction towards described first direction rotation from described second direction.

5. display device as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described anisotropic scattering portion is located on the described image dispenser side of described pixel of described display panel.

6. display device as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the maximum scattering direction by described anisotropic scattering portion is described first direction.

7. display device as claimed in claim 6 wherein, is provided to described anisotropic scattering portion the rear side of described display panel.

8. display device as claimed in claim 1 is wherein, identical perpendicular to the degree of the described scattering in the described scattering in the described second direction of described first direction and the described first direction.

9. display device as claimed in claim 8, wherein, the maximum scattering direction by described anisotropic scattering portion is different from described first direction.

10. wherein, there are a plurality of maximum scattering directions by described anisotropic scattering portion in display device as claimed in claim 9.

11. display device as claimed in claim 8, wherein, the minimum scatter direction by described anisotropic scattering portion is described first direction, or perpendicular to the described second direction of described first direction.

12. display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein,

Described display device has the planar light source that light is sent on the plane that is used on the back side of described display panel; And

Described planar light source by use the interior surface of described planar light source or on the concaveconvex structure that forms, in the plane, send light.

13. display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described display panel is that to have with the pixel be the display panel of the Reflector Panel of unit, and forms concaveconvex structure in described Reflector Panel.

14. display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described display panel has the non-display area that extends in described first direction.

15. display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described image dispenser is a lens arra, and described lens arra forms and makes described lens arrange in described first direction.

16. display device as claimed in claim 15, wherein, distance H 1 between described lens and described anisotropic scattering portion is equal to or less than L * H/ (L+3 * N * P), wherein, L is meant the spacing of the described lens in the described first direction, N refers to the viewpoint number in the described first direction, and H is meant the distance between described lens and described pixel.

17. display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described image dispenser is a parallax barrier, and described parallax barrier forms and makes the opening with finite width arrange in described first direction.

18. terminal device comprises display device as claimed in claim 1.

19. display panel in described display panel, comprises pixel that is used to show the image that is used for first viewpoint and a plurality of display units that are used to show the pixel of the image that is used for second viewpoint at least by arranged, wherein,

Outgoing scattering of light in the described display plane is endowed anisotropy; And

Along first direction, to be assigned to different direction mutually from the light that described pixel is come out, along described first direction, be used for showing the described pixel of the image that is used for first viewpoint and be used to show that the described pixel of the image that is used for second viewpoint is arranged on described display unit.

20. optical component is used in the display panel, in described display panel, comprises pixel that is used to show the image that is used for first viewpoint and a plurality of display units that are used to show the pixel of the image that is used for second viewpoint at least by arranged; Described optical component comprises:

The plane picture dispenser is used for incident light is assigned to different directions; And

Anisotropic scattering portion is used for giving anisotropy to the scattering on the plane of described image dispenser.