CN101199425B - Three-dimensional conformal Irradiation unit of heavy ion beam on tumour target area - Google Patents
Three-dimensional conformal Irradiation unit of heavy ion beam on tumour target area Download PDFInfo
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- CN101199425B CN101199425B CN 200610105306 CN200610105306A CN101199425B CN 101199425 B CN101199425 B CN 101199425B CN 200610105306 CN200610105306 CN 200610105306 CN 200610105306 A CN200610105306 A CN 200610105306A CN 101199425 B CN101199425 B CN 101199425B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device used in 3-D conformal radiotherapy to gross tumor volume with heavy ion beams, comprising a magnet scanning system, a beam monitor system, a mini-ridge filter, a range shifter, a multi-leaf collimator and a patient body surface compensator, which are sequentially arranged on the body surface of the patient. The centers of the components and the center of the grosstumor volume are located at the beam axis. The invention overcomes the defects that the conformality is low and the scatterer impairs beam quality in current 2-D conformal radiotherapy by heavy ion b eams based on a passive beam flow distribution system, and adopts 3-D conformal irradiation without the scatterer needed in current 2-D conformal radiotherapy, thus improving conformality in the therapy to the gross tumor volume with heavy ion beams. The invention can protect the health organs around the gross tumor volume to the largest extent and reduce incidence of disease at the normal organs without reducing the rate of using large quantity of Bragg peak to efficiently kill the cells in the gross tumor volume, thus improving curative effect of the heavy ion beams.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the device that a kind of HIB is used at biomedical sector irradiation, especially a kind of HIB is implemented the device of three-dimensional conformal irradiation treatment to the tumor target area.
Background technology
HIB is described as towards optimal radiotherapy ray of 21st century.Utilize this device can realize the three-dimensional conformal irradiation of HIB to the tumor target area.The three-dimensional conformal irradiation technique can be brought into play the advantage that HIB is used to control cancer fully; kill the target area tumor cell to greatest extent; farthest protect simultaneously tumor target area health tissues on every side to avoid damage; reduce normal structure complication probability; improve the suitable shape degree of HIB treatment, thereby improve the radiocurable curative effect of HIB.
Heavy from the inverse depth dose of Shu Yiqi distribute and two big characteristics of high relative biological effectiveness (RBE), make HIB control cancer become most advanced in the world now, effective radiotherapy method.At present, have only the U.S., three developed countries of Japan and Germany to realize the HIB clinical treatment test of tumor patient in succession, the clinical treatment result shows that the HIB treatment has the curative effect of highly significant.The HIB therapeutic equipment of the U.S. and Japan has adopted the beam delivery system of passive-type, promptly cooperate the cancer line of controlling extending transversely to form big exposure field with scattering object by swing Magnet, transversely intercept this exposure field by multi-diaphragm collimator, the shape that obtains irradiation field is consistent with the maximal projection shape of tumor on beam direction, vertically go up Bragg peak by ridged filter broadening HIB, make width and the tumor target area consistency of thickness on beam direction at Bragg peak behind the broadening, the tailing edge shape of spread-out Bragg peak high dose area is organized compensator adjustment by what place patient's body surface, the irradiation of high dose area can be avoided like this, the bidimensional conform irradiation of HIB can be realized like this tumor target area to rear, tumor target area vitals.Germany has adopted active beam delivery system, realizes that the method method complete and under the passive-type beam delivery system of conform irradiation treatment is different.In China, the middle energy HIB that The CAS Institute of Modern Physics provides based on Lanzhou heavy ion research device (HIRFL), carry out HIB and controlled the basic research of cancer technology, carried out radiation physics, radiobiological experiment and some control the preliminary beforehand research of cancer technology, for the HIB clinical treatment has accumulated some necessary base data, do preliminary technology and prepared, and on HIRFL, built up the shallow-layer tumor HIB therapy equipment that is equipped with the passive-type beam delivery system.But adopted the beam delivery system of passive-type from the HIB therapeutic equipment of the above-mentioned U.S. and Japan, can see, HIB treatment under the passive-type beam delivery system only can realize the bidimensional conform irradiation, also need use scattering object when utilizing swing Magnet line extending transversely, reduced the quality of line, thereby the suitable shape degree of treatment is also not high, the place ahead, tumor target area still has a large amount of health tissues to be in the high dose zone of spread-out Bragg peak, can can bring comparatively serious damage to health tissues, become the higher root of treatment back normal structure complication probability.
Summary of the invention
Be used for radiocurable advantage for giving full play to HIB, purpose of the present invention is intended to overcome fits shortcomings such as the shape degree is not high, scattering object reduction quality of beam in the present two-dimentional conform irradiation treatment, we provide a kind of HIB the tumor target area to be implemented the device of three-dimensional conformal irradiation treatment based on the passive-type beam delivery system, make the Bragg peak district of HIB high dose drop on fully on the tumor target area, and the ratio that is subjected to the health tissues of high dose area irradiation reduce greatly.Suitable shape degree and quality of beam have consequently been improved with many advantage HIB treatments; kill the target area tumor cell to greatest extent; farthest protect simultaneously tumor target area health tissues on every side; reduce normal structure complication probability; improve the curative effect of HIB treatment, this is most advanced, the most effective that radiation therapy technology is established solid foundation in order to control cancer at China's development HIB.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of HIB is implemented the device of three-dimensional conformal irradiation treatment to the tumor target area, comprise sweeping magnet system, beam monitoring system, mini ridged filter, range shift unit, multi-diaphragm collimator and patient's body surface compensator, before placing patient's body surface in regular turn respectively, the center of the center of above-mentioned device and tumor target area is on the beam axis, the sweeping magnet system is made up of x and two groups of orthogonal secondary Magnet of y direction, and the beam monitoring system is made of ionization chamber and position sensitive detector.The x of sweeping magnet system scanning direction frequency is 50～150Hz, and y scanning direction frequency is 15～50Hz, and y scanning direction Magnet is to distance 3～10m of patient; Position sensitive detector has the position resolution of 1mm at least, and ionization chamber monitoring ion beam intensity is 10
6～10
8Pps; Mini ridged filter be shaped as falling of the lucite PMMA of ridge or polystyrene or aluminum can material, peak-to-peak distance≤the 1.5mm of energy material ridge falls, ion beam is gaussian shaped profile through the spread-out Bragg peak behind the mini ridged filter, the halfwidth at broadening peak is 2～3mm, and mini ridged filter to place beam axis be 65～100cm place apart from center, tumor target area.
Based on the passive-type beam delivery system, the principle that the present invention realizes the irradiation of HIB treatment three-dimensional conformal as shown in Figure 1, promptly utilize sweeping magnet line extending transversely to obtain roomy HIB exposure field, the tumor target area is divided into different tomographies along beam direction, utilize mini ridged filter that line Bragg peak broadening is become the width that adapts with tumor tomography thickness, one by one tomography is carried out irradiation treatment.During to the treatment of certain tomography, utilize multi-diaphragm collimator intercepting exposure field obtain with this tumor tomography at the consistent irradiation field of beam direction projection of shape, by range shift unit adjusting beam energy, make the Bragg peak of broadening drop on this tomography simultaneously.
Particularly, control the cancer line and be adjusted to the less relatively bundle speckle of trans D before entering the sweeping magnet system, bundle speckle cross section internal beam current intensity is Gauss or nearly gaussian shaped profile.Line output back makes line can shine whole tumor target area equably in the horizontal by x and the roomy HIB exposure field of two groups of orthogonal secondary Magnet of y direction halved tie scan flow acquisition in the horizontal.The uniform irradiation field is realized by the sawtooth grating scanning mode, be secondary Magnet on the x direction with the higher sawtooth waveforms change of magnetic field strength of frequency guiding line with the fast speeds period migration, secondary Magnet on the y direction guides line with slower speed period migration with the lower sawtooth waveforms change of magnetic field strength of frequency simultaneously, the roomy uniform irradiation field of final formation, Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that obtains the uniform irradiation field with the sawtooth grating scanning mode.The halved tie of orthogonal two groups of secondary Magnet shown in the figure flows to line scanning can form the laterally uniform irradiation field of satisfied treatment requirement.The variation of the sawtooth waveforms magnetic field intensity of secondary Magnet is realized by the electric current that its input sawtooth waveforms is changed.Under the passive-type beam delivery system, obtain transversely uniformly exposure field and be realizing that HIB is to the tumor precondition of conform irradiation transversely.
With using the ridged filter in the two-dimentional conform irradiation method for different with tumor target area way of consistency of thickness on beam direction be with line Bragg peak broadening, the present invention is in the three-dimensional conformal irradiation technique, utilize mini ridged filter only small broadening to be done at the Bragg peak of line, make the Bragg peak of broadening be gaussian shaped profile, the halfwidth at broadening peak is 2～3mm, and is consistent with ready-portioned tumor tomography thickness.Mini ridged filter can be formed by material (being generally tissueequivalentmaterial or aluminum such as lucite PMMA, polystyrene) by being shaped as falling of ridge, and energy material period profile falls in the ridge shape.Run through the ridge shape fall can material the line of different piece then have energy in various degree to reduce, thereby the ratio of each energy ingredient is determined that by the shape of ridge the shape of spread-out Bragg peak is decided by the shape of ridge like this in the mixed tensor line.Fig. 3 is the part cross sectional representation of a mini ridged filter, this mini ridged filter is to be made by aluminum, the water equivalent length coefficient of this aluminum thickness under ion beam irradiation is 2.08, and the shape of ridge is described by following function in the one-period:
y＝0.16268+0.17224x+6.83184x
2+129.20854x
3-1413.52359x
4+5520.70736x
5-9669.93909x
6+6402.03492x
7-----------------x∈[0mm，0.5mm]
y＝975.65678-9145.53211x+36514.11121x
2-80354.79601x
3+105212.37231x
4-81943.98216x
5+35144.38156x
6-6402.04891x
7------x∈[0.5mm，1.0mm]
It can become halfwidth with the Bragg peak broadening of 90MeV/u carbon ion beam is the gaussian shaped profile of 2mm, Fig. 4 is the exploded view of mini ridged filter to 90MeV/u carbon ion beam Bragg peak broadening effect, 1 be the Bragg curve of 90MeV/u monoenergetic carbon ion beam among the figure wherein, 2 is to utilize the depth dose behind the mini ridged filter spread-out Bragg peak to distribute among the figure.For guaranteeing that the multiple scattering effect of line in running through mini ridged filter makes exposure field reach the even of dose distribution in the horizontal, it is little to require the ridge shape of period profile to fall can the material ridge peak-to-peak distance, and mini ridged filter and the isocentric distance of therapy equipment are far away.(carbon ion beam energy 80～400MeV/u), this distance is 65～100cm in the energy range of controlling the cancer line.
To a certain tumor tomography irradiation treatment the time, it is consistent to utilize multi-diaphragm collimator to make that the projection of shape of tomography on beam direction need be shone in shape and the tumor target area of irradiation field, and regulates the range shift unit and make the Bragg peak of above-mentioned broadening be radiated on this tumor target area tomography.At last, utilize tissueequivalentmaterial design patient body surface compensator, make that the tailing edge shape of spread-out Bragg peak high dose area is consistent with tumor target area tailing edge shape on beam direction according to patient's in-vivo tumour target area tailing edge shape on beam direction.Realize the three-dimensional conformal irradiation treatment of HIB by this way to the tumor target area.
The beneficial effect of advantage of the present invention and generation is:
The three-dimensional conformal irradiation has improved the suitable shape degree of HIB to the treatment of tumor target area; utilize HIB high dose Bragg peak district efficiently to kill under the prerequisite of target area tumor cell not reducing; can protect tumor target area health tissues on every side to greatest extent; reduce normal structure complication probability, thereby improve the treatment curative effect of HIB.In addition, adopt the method halved tie stream of sawtooth raster scanning to carry out the roomy exposure field of acquisition extending transversely in the present invention, do not need to use the scattering object in the existing two dimension implementation illuminating method, quality of beam is improved; The tumor target area divides multilamellar meticulous conform irradiation, and the suitable shape degree of irradiation treatment is higher, and the damage that the place ahead, tumor target area normal structure is subjected to is little, helps reducing the normal structure complication, improves the curative effect of HIB treatment.
The effect of invention is described with a concrete example.Supposing to have in patient's body a diameter is the spherical tumor target area of 4cm, if adopt existing two-dimensional conform irradiation method to treat, will have volume in the place ahead, tumor target area and be about 30.5cm
3Health tissues be positioned within 100% prescribed dose, almost with the volume 33.5cm of tumor target area itself
3Quite, at this moment, suitable shape degree is 52.3%.If adopt three-dimensional conformal illuminating method of the present invention to treat, will only be no more than 3cm in the place ahead, tumor target area
3Health tissues be within 100% prescribed dose, suitable shape degree at this moment is 91.8%.With regard to the radiotherapy tumor, it is significant to protecting normal structure to greatest extent to reduce the suffered radiation dose of health tissues during radiotherapy.Three-dimensional conformal illuminating method of the present invention has improved the suitable shape degree of HIB treatment, utilizes the HIB high dose Bragg peak district efficiently to kill under the prerequisite of target area tumor cell not reducing, and can protect normal structure to greatest extent.In addition, adopt the method halved tie stream of sawtooth raster scanning to carry out the roomy exposure field of acquisition extending transversely in the present invention, do not need to use the scattering object in the existing two dimension implementation illuminating method, thereby eliminated because of using scattering object to reduce and controlled this unfavorable factor of cancer quality of beam.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is HIB treatment three-dimensional conformal illuminating method schematic diagram of the present invention, wherein 1: sweeping magnet, 2: line and dose monitoring system, 3: mini ridged filter, 4: range shift unit, 5: multi-diaphragm collimator, 6: patient's body surface compensator, 7: patient's body surface, 8: the tumor target area.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of sawtooth raster scanning of the present invention,
Fig. 3 is the part cross sectional representation of the mini ridged filter of the present invention
Fig. 4 is that the mini ridged filter of the present invention is to carbon ion beam Bragg peak broadening design sketch
Fig. 5 is to be the circular carbon ion beam uniform irradiation open country of 5cm by the diameter that sawtooth raster scanning line extending transversely obtains after collimating
Fig. 6 is Design Theory (solid line) and the experiment measuring (open circles symbol) of the mini ridged filter of the present invention to 80.55MeV/u carbon ion beam Bragg peak broadening.
Fig. 7 is the measurement result (right side) of the present invention to dose distribution on the different tomographies of simulation experiment figure (left side) and tumor target area of tumor target area enforcement three-dimensional conformal irradiation treatment.
The specific embodiment
Below, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further described again:
The present invention illustrates that HIB is to the three-dimensional conformal irradiation by the laminar target area of CR39 with irradiation after the solid state nuclear track detector CR39 thin slice of chemical etching is an example.
The 80.55MeV/u carbon ion beam that utilizes The CAS Institute of Modern Physics's Lanzhou heavy ion research device (HIRFL) to provide, we test the broadening of line Bragg uniform irradiation open country and mini ridged filter that the sweeping magnet system among the present invention forms in the HIRFL shallow-layer tumor heavy particle therapy terminal that the passive-type beam delivery system is housed.
As shown in Figure 1, HIB is implemented the device of three-dimensional conformal irradiation treatment to the tumor target area, contain sweeping magnet system 1, beam monitoring system 2, mini ridged filter 3, range shift unit 4, multi-diaphragm collimator 5 and patient's body surface compensator 6, before placing patient's body surface 7 in regular turn respectively, the center of the center of above-mentioned device and tumor target area 8 is on the beam axis.Sweeping magnet is 1 to be made up of x and two groups of orthogonal secondary Magnet of y direction.Beam monitoring system 2 is made of ionization chamber and position sensitive detector.
Solid state nuclear track detector CR39 thin slice is placed on the center of target area 8, by the sweeping magnet system during with sawtooth grating scanning mode line extending transversely, the 1x of sweeping magnet system scanning direction frequency is 75Hz, y scanning direction frequency is 45Hz, and y scanning direction Magnet is 3m to the distance of CR39 thin slice; Position sensitive detector has the 1mm position resolution, and ion beam intensity is 107pps; Mini ridged filter 3 is an aluminum, and the peak-to-peak distance of ridge is 1.0mm, and the Bragg peak of line behind this mini ridged filter 3 is gaussian shaped profile, and the halfwidth at broadening peak is 2mm, with the distance at center, target area be 65cm.
Under these conditions, having obtained uniformity through position sensitive detector multiwire proportional chamber measurement is 93% carbon ion beam exposure field, satisfies the needs of clinical therapy of tumor.The diameter that Fig. 5 obtains after collimating for sawtooth raster scanning line extending transversely is the circular carbon ion beam uniform irradiation open country of 5cm, shows that the material of irradiation field is a solid state nuclear track detector CR39 thin slice.
Experiment measuring gained carbon ion beam spread-out Bragg peak has the characteristics of gaussian shaped profile behind the mini ridged filter of process, and Fig. 6 is Design Theory (solid line) and experiment measuring (open circles symbol) curve chart of mini ridged filter to 80.55MeV/u carbon ion beam Bragg peak broadening.As can be seen from Figure 6, the halfwidth at broadening peak is that 1.94mm (experiment measuring (open circles symbol)) meets finely with the gaussian shaped profile that this mini ridged filter Design Theory (solid line) spread-out Bragg peak has the 2.0mm halfwidth.By this experiment confirm mini ridged filter the Bragg sharp peak of 80.55MeV/u carbon ion beam is become gaussian shaped profile by suitable broadening, satisfy the needs of three-dimensional conformal irradiation.
Utilize embodiment 1 described HIB the tumor target area to be implemented the device of three-dimensional conformal irradiation treatment, the present invention is again with tissueequivalentmaterial CR39 thin slice (thickness 0.66mm, water equivalent length coefficient 1.061) phantom that piles is an example, illustrates that carbon ion beam is to the three-dimensional conformal irradiation by the laminar target area of CR39.
All devices among integrated the present invention have carried out the three-dimensional conformal irradiation to the phantom that is piled by tissueequivalentmaterial CR39 thin slice, the tumor tomography is seven lamellas wherein, shown in left hand view among Fig. 7, running through direction tumor tomography along line, to be followed successively by diameter be 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, 30mm, the circle of 20mm and 10mm.In irradiation, the 1x of sweeping magnet system scanning direction frequency is 75Hz, and y scanning direction frequency is 45Hz, and y scanning direction Magnet is 3m to the distance at CR39 lamina stack center; Position sensitive detector has the 1mm position resolution, and ion beam intensity is 107pps; Mini ridged filter 3 is an aluminum, and the peak-to-peak distance of ridge is 1.0mm, and the Bragg peak of line behind this mini ridged filter 3 is gaussian shaped profile, and the halfwidth at broadening peak is 2mm, with the distance at center, target area be 65cm.Utilize the Bragg peak of mini ridged filter broadening line, by regulating the range shift unit spread-out Bragg peak of line is dropped on the corresponding tumor tomography, and the adjusting multi-diaphragm collimator makes the shape of irradiation field consistent with the shape of the corresponding tomography of tumor.After the irradiation, all CR39 thin slices have been carried out chemical etching, the ion track and the dose distribution of tumor target area are manifested, shown in Fig. 7 right part of flg.Each CR39 thin slice reflects each tumor target area tomography, and through measuring at microscopically, the dose distribution uniformity that reflects on each CR39 thin slice all is better than 93%, and the size in dose distribution zone is consistent with the diameter of tumor tomography.By this experiment, can see that we utilize three-dimensional conformal illuminating method of the present invention that good conform irradiation has been implemented in mimic tumor target area, have proved that technical scheme of the present invention is feasible.
Claims (1)
1. a HIB is implemented the device of three-dimensional conformal irradiation treatment to the tumor target area, comprise sweeping magnet system (1), beam monitoring system (2), miniature ridged filter (3), range shift unit (4), multi-diaphragm collimator (5) and patient's body surface compensator (6), place patient's body surface (7) preceding respectively in regular turn, sweeping magnet system (1), beam monitoring system (2), miniature ridged filter (3), range shift unit (4), the center of the center of multi-diaphragm collimator (5) and patient's body surface compensator (6) and tumor target area (8) is on the beam axis, sweeping magnet system (1) is made up of x and two groups of orthogonal secondary Magnet of y direction, beam monitoring system (2) is made of ionization chamber and position sensitive detector, it is characterized in that sweeping magnet system (1) x scanning direction frequency is 50～150Hz, y scanning direction frequency is 15～50Hz, and y scanning direction Magnet is to distance 3～10m of patient; Position sensitive detector has the position resolution of 1mm at least, and ionization chamber monitoring ion beam intensity is 10
6～10
8Pps; Miniature ridged filter (3) be shaped as falling of the lucite PMMA of ridge or polystyrene or aluminum can material, peak-to-peak distance≤the 1.5mm of energy material ridge falls, spread-out Bragg peak behind the ion beam miniature ridged filter of process (3) is gaussian shaped profile, the halfwidth at broadening peak is 2～3mm, and miniature ridged filter (3) to place beam axis be 65～100cm place apart from center, tumor target area (8).
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| US9180313B2 (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2015-11-10 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Range shifter and particle radiotherapy device |
| CN104502947B (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2017-12-19 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | The quick apparatus and method for obtaining flushing-free checking film dosimetry response curve |
| CN107261342A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-10-20 | 合肥中科离子医学技术装备有限公司 | Proton CT collimator systems |
| CN113018707B (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-09-13 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Range-based intratumoral target area generation system |
| CN113082551B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2023-03-24 | 兰州科近泰基新技术有限责任公司 | Device and method for ion Flash treatment |
| CN114452550B (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-11-15 | 兰州科近泰基新技术有限责任公司 | Beam flow distribution system for ion Flash treatment |
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| CN201058045Y (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2008-05-14 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Three-dimensional irradiation device of heavy ion beam to tumour target region |
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| CN201058045Y (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2008-05-14 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Three-dimensional irradiation device of heavy ion beam to tumour target region |
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