CN101193062B - A TS value recovery method for ROHC compression - Google Patents
A TS value recovery method for ROHC compression Download PDFInfo
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- CN101193062B CN101193062B CN2007101297528A CN200710129752A CN101193062B CN 101193062 B CN101193062 B CN 101193062B CN 2007101297528 A CN2007101297528 A CN 2007101297528A CN 200710129752 A CN200710129752 A CN 200710129752A CN 101193062 B CN101193062 B CN 101193062B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a TS value restoring method in a ROHC compression, which comprises the following steps: the receiver detects TS domain turnover according to the big changes in TS subduction value received at the current time and the previous time; TS domain turnover is forced to calculate new offset and the calculation can be kept on till TS domain turnover is detected again next time; TS value is restored according to the new offset and the TS subduction value received at corresponding time zone. By adoption of the method, the system can restore important original TS information lost in the link at the time of turnover through the stored information. Thus reduction of the compression effect caused by transition towards lower-grade compression state of the system is avoided. The compression reliability and communication quality are thus guaranteed. Compared with the prior art, the fault tolerance and robustness of the system are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to, be specifically related to TS value recovery method in a kind of ROHC compression.
Background technology
3G (Third Generation) Moblie 3rd Generation, (being called for short 3G) technology has become one of current whole world communication technology of greatest concern, 3G communication is also supported packet switching when supporting circuit switched, with respect to traditional communication technology, and for some later technology of 3G, as: super 3G Beyond 3G of system (B3G) and WiMax system Worldwide Interoperability for MicrowaveAccess (being called for short WiMax) etc., all turned to based on packet switching, promptly mainly supported IP Internet Protocol InternetProtocol (being called for short IP) technology.
The IP technology not only can provide abundant multimedia service, but also can bring the reduction of cost.But when on Radio Link, transmitting voice and video information according to the IP form, because the voice and video Data-carrying is on real-time protocol (RTP) Real Time Protocol (being called for short RTP) and User Datagram Protoco (UDP) UserDatagram Protocol (being called for short UDP) agreement, for speech payload, the RTP/UDP/IP message has very big leader expense, and this can bring very big waste for the radio open resource.Therefore, the Internet Engineering Task Force of Internet task working group (being called for short IETF) has introduced healthy and strong header compression Robust Header Compression (being called for short ROHC) technology, the RTP/UDP/IP leader is compressed, improve the efficiency of transmission of network data.ROHC is the highest can to make actual bandwidth availability ratio bring up to more than 90% from 20%～30% header compression to 1 byte of 40 bytes.
For other is professional, voice and video belongs to periodic Business Stream, fixing sample frequency is arranged, the time stamp Timestamp (being called for short TS) of adjacent packets has fixing growth numerical value (step-length TS-STRIDE) in IP phone Voice Over IP (being called for short VoIP) and other video flowing, and promptly the TS value of adjacent packets will differ a TS-STRIDE size.Therefore, ROHC adopts the TS value TS SCALED that sends after cutting down to replace sending original TS, decompressor just can be replied out original TS information according to step value that consults and the side-play amount with respect to TS-STRIDE of having preserved, so just reduced the number that needs to transmit bit, thereby reach the purpose of compression, this process specifically:
The ROHC agreement mainly is based on Internet standard (draft) RFC3095 (Request ForComment is called for short " RFC "), and the method for a kind of TS of reduction of this RFC3095 suggestion is:
TS=TS_SCALED*TS_STRIDE+TS_OFFSET equation I
TS_SCALED=TS/TS_STRIDE equation II ("/" expression is divided exactly)
Formula IIIs (" mode " represents delivery) such as TS_OFFSET=TS mod TS_STRIDE
Wherein: TS is original TS value, and TS reduction value TS_SCALED is the TS value after cutting down, and TS_STRIDE is the step value between two adjacent packets of Business Stream, and TS_OFFSET is the side-play amount after cutting down.If TS_STRIDE is not 2 index, when the TS of 32 bits upset when jumping to 0 through 0xFFFFFFFF, the value of TS_OFFSET will change so, and compression side must detect this upset and in time calculate and upgrade the TS_OFFSET value.If grouping is not to arrive in order simultaneously, promptly out of order arrival is out of order or upset if especially can not distinguish TS when TS overturns, and decoding also can be failed.So ROHC requires compression side and decompression side must keep synchronism, promptly both sides' related information must be consistent, otherwise will fail by decompress(ion), even this mistake is extended to follow-up grouping.
At present, Internet standard (draft) RFC3095 augments in the document and advises, if compression side monitors the TS upset, then should send original TS, and decompressor calculates according to original TS and upgrades TS_OFFSET, if this class message dropping, diffusion will lead to errors.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention provide TS value recovery method in a kind of ROHC compression, can avoid the compression and decompression both sides' that TS territory upset causes related information inconsistent, can avoid upset back, TS territory to send the error diffusion that original TS message dropping causes simultaneously.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention solves like this, and TS value recovery method in a kind of ROHC compression is provided, and may further comprise the steps:
1.1) recipient is according to this and significantly change-detection TS territory upset of the TS reduction value TS_SCALED that last time received, be specially: if the TS reduction value of this reception is less than the TS reduction value that last time received, and difference Delta_TS deducts the result of the number of dropped packets Delta_T that estimates according to the time of reception difference greater than upset thresholding M, then detects turn in sequence; If the TS reduction value of this reception is greater than the TS reduction value that last time received, and the result that difference Delta_TS deducts the number of dropped packets Delta_T that estimates according to the time of reception difference then detects out of order upset greater than upset thresholding M; Wherein, described difference Delta_TS is this and the absolute value of the TS reduction value difference that last time received, Delta_T=(T_cur-T_old)/T_TS_STRIDE, T_cur is the time of advent that receives current group, T_old is the time of advent that receives grouping last time, and T_TS_STRIDE is the normal unit of a grouping delay time;
1.2) if detect the upset of TS territory, then force the upset of TS territory, and calculate new side-play amount TS_OFFSET and before next time detects the upset of TS territory once more, continue maintenance; The calculating of described pressure TS territory upset is specially: the described pressure TS territory upset of corresponding turn in sequence is the fixed step size TS_STRIDE that adds integral multiple with the TS value of the TS reduction value correspondence that last time received, the described pressure TS territory upset of corresponding out of order upset is that the corresponding TS value of TS reduction value that will last time receive deducts the integral multiple fixed step size, wherein, described integral multiple fixed step size satisfies greater than zero and less than TS territory maximum; The new side-play amount of described calculating is specially: TS_OFFSET=TS mod TS_STRIDE, and wherein, TS is for forcing the TS value after overturning in the TS territory, and mod represents modulo operation;
1.3) according to the described new side-play amount TS_OFFSET and the TS reduction value TS_SCALED reduction TS value of corresponding time zone reception.
According to method of reducing provided by the invention, described upset is a turn in sequence, described significantly the variation is meant: the TS reduction value of this reception is less than the TS reduction value that last time received, and difference Delta_TS deducts the result of the number of dropped packets Delta_T that estimates according to the time of reception difference greater than upset thresholding M, that is: TS_SCALED is from maximum vanishing or minimum.
According to method of reducing provided by the invention, described upset is out of order upset, described significantly the variation is meant: if the TS reduction value of this reception is greater than the TS reduction value that last time received, and difference Delta_TS deducts the result of the number of dropped packets Delta_T that estimates according to the time of reception difference greater than upset thresholding M, that is: TS_SCALED becomes maximum from zero or minimum.
According to method of reducing provided by the invention, the span of described upset thresholding can be 600～10000.
According to method of reducing provided by the invention, described method of reducing also comprises: if difference Delta_TS deducts the result of the number of dropped packets Delta_T that estimates according to the time of reception difference between unusual thresholding N and upset thresholding M, then the recipient detects unusually, abandon the corresponding data bag, directly finish, wherein, N＜M.
According to method of reducing provided by the invention, the span of described unusual thresholding can be 6～10.
According to method of reducing provided by the invention, described method of reducing is further comprising the steps of:
7.1) if the TS reduction value of this reception less than the TS reduction value that last time receives, and the result that difference Delta_TS deducts the number of dropped packets Delta_T that estimates according to the time of reception difference is less than unusual thresholding N, then the recipient detects out of order;
7.2) side-play amount and this TS reduction value reduction TS value that keep according to corresponding time zone;
7.3) the TS value is carried out permutatation.
According to method of reducing provided by the invention, described method of reducing is further comprising the steps of:
8.1) if the TS reduction value of this reception greater than the TS reduction value that last time receives, and the result that difference Delta_TS deducts the number of dropped packets Delta_T that estimates according to the time of reception difference is less than unusual thresholding N, then the recipient detects normally;
8.2) side-play amount that keeps according to corresponding time zone and this TS reduction value reduction TS value sequence arrangement also.
According to method of reducing provided by the invention, described estimation number of dropped packets specifically comprises:
9.1) write down the T_cur time of advent of current reception grouping, keep time T _ old that last time, grouping arrived;
9.2) calculate number of dropped packets Delta_T=(T_cur-T_old)/T_TS_STRIDE, wherein T_TS_STRIDE is the normal unit of a grouping delay time.
According to method of reducing provided by the invention, described number of dropped packets can be zero.
According to method of reducing provided by the invention, step 1.1) in, if transmit leg detects the upset of TS territory and directly sends original TS value, and the recipient also receives this original TS value, then described recipient's skips steps 1.2), calculate the new side-play amount and the record that overturns according to this original TS value that receives.
Like this can with the RFC3095 compatibility, can satisfy the needs that devices from different manufacturers connects.
TS value recovery method in a kind of ROHC compression provided by the invention, utilize the upset of upset hour offset amount TS_OFFSET sudden change feature detection, further force upset to carry out side-play amount TS_OFFSET update calculation to existing TS value, even if make some crucial packet loss on link, raw information still can be recovered by canned data by system, thereby avoid causing that system reduces compression efficiency to the transition of low level compressive state, guarantee the reliability of compression and the quality of service communication, improved the fault-tolerance and the robustness of system than prior art.
Description of drawings
Further the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the flow graph schematic diagram of a kind of specific embodiments of the inventive method.
Embodiment
At first, the principle of the invention is described:
(1) detects
It is 32 bit numbers that the upset of detection TS mainly is based on TS, impossible unconfined growth, it can jump to 0 when adding 1 from 0xFFFF FFFF as TS, corresponding, TS reduction value TS_SCALED also can saltus step during upset, because TS reduction value TS_SCALED may be out of order or be lost, and then comprises following five kinds of situations:
1. under the normal condition, when promptly not having packet loss, per two adjacent TS fix to increase TS_STRIDE, that is to say for TS_SCALED, and it is to increase by 1 between adjacent bag;
2. TS is out of order arrival, and simple out of order making causes TS only whether simply to increase progressively, the TS that might be subsequent packet is than last Bao Yaoxiao;
3. simple packet loss causes TS to increase progressively, but makes TS_SCALED simply add 1, and value may be greater than 1, but can be very not big;
If 4. out of orderly occur in TS upset time just, consequently just the opposite, TS_SCALED may jump to a very big number from 0 or very little number, as 0x1999999 etc.;
5. order arrives, and the TS upset only takes place, and jumps to 0 or very little number from a very big number.
(2) force upset
In business such as VoIP, TS always increases a fixed value TS_STRIDE's, therefore for packed data, whole TS can be quantized with TS_STRIDE, promptly obtain TS_SCALED divided by TS_STRIDE with TS, if TS_SCALED increase by 1 just means that TS has increased TS_STRIDE like this, so just can reach the purpose of compression.But because the initial value of the TS integral multiple of TS_STRIDE not necessarily, that is to say that TS not necessarily can divide exactly TS_STRIDE, generally speaking it a side-play amount all can be arranged is TS_OFFSET, because TS is the fixing TS_STRIDE's of increasing, so TS mod TS_STRIDE is arranged in the maximum range of TS territory and (TS+n * TS_STRIDE) value of mode TS_STRIDE is the same, and what wherein mod represented is modulo operation.This rule of normal condition exists always, but because TS is 32 bit numbers, impossible unconfined growth, when TS when 0xFFFF FFFF adds 1 again, it must jump to 0, can find when calculating TS_OFFSET so once more that (TS+n * TS_STRIDE) value of mode TS_STRIDE no longer equates with former TS_OFFSET in TS mod TS_STRIDE after the redirect and the next TS territory maximum range, therefore decompression side must can detect this upset, and the corresponding offset TS_OFFSET that upgrades in time, decompressor just can recover original TS according to TS_OFFSET that upgrades preservation and the TS_SCALED that receives fully according to equation I.
The concrete grammar that upgrades side-play amount TS_OFFSET is:
1. the described pressure TS territory upset of corresponding turn in sequence is the fixed step size value that adds integral multiple with the TS value of the TS reduction value correspondence that last time received, and its value satisfies greater than zero and less than TS territory maximum.
2. the described pressure TS territory upset of corresponding out of order upset is that the corresponding TS value of TS reduction value that will last time receive deducts the integral multiple fixed step size, and its value satisfies greater than zero and less than TS territory maximum.
Secondly, describe the inventive method in detail, as shown in Figure 1, may further comprise the steps in conjunction with optimization algorithm:
101) whether decompressor is in order to detect TS and to overturn or out of order, write down the current T_cur time of advent that connects grouping, keep time T _ old that last time, grouping arrived, write down the TS after the current reduction that receives, the TS_SCALED_old that TS_SCALED_cur and last time receive;
102) according to time of advent of current group with receive the difference of last grouping time of advent and calculate number of dropped packets, wherein T_TS_STRIDE is the normal unit of a grouping delay time:
Delta_T＝(T_cur-T_old)/T_TS_STRIDE，
Calculate the TS after the current reduction and receive the absolute value of the TS difference after last grouping is cut down:
Delta_TS＝|TS_SCALED_cur-TS_SCALED_old|，
As judging whether TS overturns or out of order foundation, wherein " || " expression takes absolute value.
103) size of the TS of TS after the current reduction that receives of judgement and last grouping reduction;
104) whether judge Delta_TS-Delta_T less than N, arrive or simple out of order generation, do not change the value of TS_OFFSET if then just TS is normal;
105) judge that whether the size of Delta_TS-Delta_T is greater than M;
106) if the Delta_TS-Delta_T difference that receives between adjacent two bags does not meet step 104) and step 105), think then to receive unusual grouping that grouping will be dropped;
107) utilize equation I to calculate the original TS that the last time receives;
108) if TS_SCALED_cur＜TS_SCALED_old, and Delta_TS-Delta_T＞M, then decompressor is judged the TS upset, on the TS basis of previous grouping, add n * TS_STRIDE, force TS to overturn forward, in next TS, TS after all are cut down has identical TS_OFFSET, in like manner, if TS_SCALED_cur＞TS_SCALED_old, and Delta_TS-Delta_T＞M have then overturn in the out of order process of decompressor judgement TS, at this moment decompression side need deduct n * TS_STRIDE on the TS basis of previous grouping, forces TS to turn over;
109) decompressor recomputates TS_OFFSET=TS mod TS_STRIDE, and wherein " mod " represents modulo operation, and this value is preserved, as the related information that decompresses next time;
110) recover original TS value according to equation I, calculate subsequently and will adopt up-to-date TS_OFFSET.
At last, further specify the present invention again in conjunction with a concrete TS reduction process:
If step-length TS_STRIDE=0xA0 (160), a last TS_old=0xFFFF FFFE, current TS reduction value TS_SCALED_cur=0, current TS _ cur=0xFFFF FFFE+0xA0 (160)=0x9E, its side-play amount TS_OFFSET1=TS_cur mod TS_STRIDE=0x9E (asking modular arithmetic); Begin to 0xFFFFFFFF from 0x9E then, the TS_OFFSET of all TS will be TS_OFFSET2=0x9E.For example next TS will be 0x9E+0xA0=0x13E, its TS_OFFSET=0x13Emod 0xA0=0x9E, and the next one is 0x13E+0x9E=0x1DE again, in like manner TS_OFFSET=0x1DEmod 0xA0=0x9E.
Claims (6)
1. TS value recovery method during a ROHC compresses is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1.1) recipient is according to this and significantly change-detection TS territory upset of the TS reduction value that last time received, be specially: if the TS reduction value of this reception is less than the TS reduction value that last time received, and difference Delta_TS deducts the result of the number of dropped packets Delta_T that estimates according to the time of reception difference greater than upset thresholding M, then detects turn in sequence; If the TS reduction value of this reception is greater than the TS reduction value that last time received, and the result that difference Delta_TS deducts the number of dropped packets Delta_T that estimates according to the time of reception difference then detects out of order upset greater than upset thresholding M; Wherein, described difference Delta_TS is this and the absolute value of the TS reduction value difference that last time received, Delta_T=(T_cur-T_old)/T_TS_STRIDE, T_cur is the time of advent that receives current group, T_old is the time of advent that receives grouping last time, and T_TS_STRIDE is the normal unit of a grouping delay time;
1.2) if detect the upset of TS territory, then force the upset of TS territory, and calculate new side-play amount TS_OFFSET and before next time detects the upset of TS territory once more, continue maintenance; Described pressure TS territory upset is specially: the described pressure TS territory upset of corresponding turn in sequence is the fixed step size TS_STRIDE that adds integral multiple with the TS value of the TS reduction value correspondence that last time received, the TS value that the described pressure TS territory upset of corresponding out of order upset is the last time TS reduction value correspondence of reception deducts the integral multiple fixed step size, wherein, described integral multiple fixed step size satisfies greater than zero and less than TS territory maximum; The new side-play amount of described calculating is specially: TS_OFFSET=TS mod TS_STRIDE, and wherein, TS is for forcing the TS value after overturning in the TS territory, and mod represents modulo operation;
1.3) according to the described new side-play amount and the TS reduction value reduction TS value of corresponding time zone reception.
2. according to the described method of reducing of claim 1, it is characterized in that the span of described upset thresholding is 600～10000.
3. according to the described method of reducing of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described method of reducing also comprises: if difference Delta_TS deducts the result of the number of dropped packets Delta_T that estimates according to the time of reception difference between unusual thresholding N and upset thresholding M, then the recipient detects unusually, abandon the corresponding data bag, directly finish, wherein, N＜M.
4. according to the described method of reducing of claim 3, it is characterized in that the span of described unusual thresholding is 6～10.
5. according to the described method of reducing of claim 3, it is characterized in that described method of reducing is further comprising the steps of:
5.1) if the TS reduction value of this reception less than the TS reduction value that last time receives, and the result that difference Delta_TS deducts the number of dropped packets Delta_T that estimates according to the time of reception difference is less than unusual thresholding N, then the recipient detects simply out of order;
5.2) side-play amount and this TS reduction value reduction TS value that keep according to corresponding time zone;
5.3) the TS value is carried out permutatation.
6. according to the described method of reducing of claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 1.1) in, if transmit leg detects the upset of TS territory and directly sends original TS value, and the recipient also receives this original TS value, then described recipient's skips steps 1.2), calculate the new side-play amount and the record that overturns according to this original TS value that receives.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1286875A (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2001-03-07 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Apparatus and method for time stamping using modulo time base and time increment resolution |
| CN1355984A (en) * | 1999-06-18 | 2002-06-26 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Estimation of time stamps in real-time packet communications |
| CN1419771A (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2003-05-21 | 诺基亚有限公司 | A teachnique for compressing a header field in a data packet |
| WO2007050922A2 (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2007-05-03 | Qualcomm Incorporated | System and method for improving rohc efficiency |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1286875A (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2001-03-07 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Apparatus and method for time stamping using modulo time base and time increment resolution |
| CN1355984A (en) * | 1999-06-18 | 2002-06-26 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Estimation of time stamps in real-time packet communications |
| CN1419771A (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2003-05-21 | 诺基亚有限公司 | A teachnique for compressing a header field in a data packet |
| WO2007050922A2 (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2007-05-03 | Qualcomm Incorporated | System and method for improving rohc efficiency |
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