CN101189760A - Beam adjusting device - Google Patents
Beam adjusting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101189760A CN101189760A CNA2006800194566A CN200680019456A CN101189760A CN 101189760 A CN101189760 A CN 101189760A CN A2006800194566 A CNA2006800194566 A CN A2006800194566A CN 200680019456 A CN200680019456 A CN 200680019456A CN 101189760 A CN101189760 A CN 101189760A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/32—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by mechanical means
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- Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a device for adjusting the beam direction of a beam radiated from a stationary array of antenna elements, wherein at least two antenna element feed points are coupled to a common signal source via a feed line structure having a source connection terminal to be connected to said source and at least two feed connection terminals to be connected to said antenna element feed points, said feed line structure being at a distance from and in parallel to a fixed ground plane on at least one side of said feed line structure, wherein a movable element is located adjacent to said feed line structure so as to change the signal phase of signal components being transferred between said source connection terminal and the respective feed connection terminals, said movable element being movable for effecting a controlled phase shift of said signal components so as to adjust said beam direction. The device is provided with detection means for detecting the absolute position of the movable element.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used to regulate the equipment of the beam direction of antenna.Especially the equipment that relates to the type that defines in the preamble of claim 1.
The invention still further relates to the antenna control system of the beam direction that is used to regulate antenna.Relate in particular to the system of the type that defines in the preamble of claim 24.
Background technology
Can from document WO 96/37922 (Allgon AB) and WO 02/35651 A1 (AllgonAB), understand this equipment in advance.The equipment of understanding from WO 96/37922 comprises and the integrated feeder line structure of the fixedly array of antenna oscillator, so that make it possible to regulate the direction of the wave beam that gives off from array.This feeder line structure comprises the feed conductor figure that is deployed on the fixing dielectric current-carrying plate, and it has a distance and parallel with it with ground plate.Feeder line structure is deployed on the current-carrying plate surface away from ground plate.Movably dielectric sheet is between current-carrying plate and ground plate.This feeder line figure extends with the direction identical with the moving direction of dielectric sheet.Because the feeder line separately and the existence of the dielectric sheet between the ground plate, the propagation velocity of signal component is lowered.Therefore, vertically move, can control the phase difference between the various signal components by dielectric sheet is put.A problem of the equipment of describing among the WO96/37922 is the influence to signal phase, and beam angle is relatively low thus.
WO 02/35651 A1 relates to the equipment of the beam direction that is used to regulate antenna, and antenna comprises a plurality of antenna oscillators by means of feeder line structure of being made up of the perforated metal line and common signal source coupling.Feeder line structure principal direction extend and with the parallel placement of one or two ground plane, wherein movably dielectric components between feeder line structure and each ground plane so that realize in check phase shift, regulate the beam direction of antenna thus.Dielectric components is formed by having the different effectively different pieces of dielectric radio.A problem of the equipment of describing among the WO 02/35651 is a mechanical tolerance.
The problem of above-mentioned two kinds of solutions is to be difficult to guarantee that in fact the wave beam inclination angle of being scheduled to produces one group of wave beam inclination angle corresponding to predetermined wave beam inclination angle.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly be used to regulate from the equipment of the beam direction of the wave beam of the fixedly array radiation of antenna oscillator, this equipment has solved above mentioned problem.Especially, an object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly be used to regulate from the equipment of the beam direction of the wave beam of antenna oscillator array radiation, this equipment can guarantee that in fact the wave beam inclination angle of being scheduled to produces one group of wave beam inclination angle corresponding to predetermined wave beam inclination angle.
This purpose is by realizing according to the described equipment of the characteristic of claim 1.
Another object of the present invention provides and a kind ofly is used to regulate from the antenna control system of the beam direction of the wave beam of the fixedly array radiation of antenna oscillator, and this system has solved the above-mentioned problem of mentioning.
This purpose is by realizing according to the described system of the characteristic of claim 24.
Be used to regulate it is characterized in that from the equipment of the beam direction of the wave beam of the fixedly array radiation of antenna oscillator, for described equipment is provided for detecting the checkout gear of the absolute position of movable part, described beam direction depends on the position of described movable part.
This just has such advantage, that is, it always can guarantee that the beam direction of being scheduled to is this group beam direction equally, and need must not detect the end points that moves of movable part and the inclination angle of inserting expectation subsequently as in the prior art.Especially, absolute position detection has such advantage, promptly when the Long-distance Control beam tilt, can be for having the device that is provided for providing one group of beam direction according to the antenna equipment of equipment of the present invention for remote control center, the absolute position detection beam direction having guaranteed to be reported is corresponding to the actual beam direction thus.
Be used to regulate from the feature of the equipment of the beam direction of the wave beam of the fixedly array radiation of antenna oscillator and also be, this equipment comprises and is used to allow described ground plane relatively to place near described feeder line structure and can emit between described feeder line structure and described ground plane the device of the danger of contact unexpectedly.Described device can be made up of non-conductive film between described feeder line structure and described ground plane or layer.
Can arrange feeder line structure near ground plane, and feeder line structure and ground plane unexpectedly are in contact with one another, for example, because the thermal expansion of feeder line or exist water droplet to cause, have compared with prior art this equipment and can be made quite little and keep simultaneously or improve the performance of this equipment and the advantage of the scope that electricity tilts.This is particularly advantageous, because be under an embargo at some field mechanical tilt, it has improved the requirement of the scope that electricity is tilted.
The present invention also has such advantage, i.e. requirement to feeder line structure can be lowered, and for example, because owing to be subjected to the protection of non-conductive film or layer, the glacing flatness of feeder line structure is required to be greatly diminished or to eliminate, can make this structure neatly thus.
Relatively thin non-conductive film or layer can be placed between described feeder line structure and the described dielectric components.Described feeder line structure can comprise relatively thin conductive film or layer in addition, and/or described non-conductive film or layer can be thinner relatively.
This just has such advantage, and promptly non-conductive film or layer can serve as the dielectric barrier layer, and this dielectric barrier layer makes this equipment more insensitive to the air gap between dielectric components and the feeder line structure again.In addition, this non-conductive film or layer can provide the dielectric components slidingsurface, and this surface has reduced friction, and the protection feeder line structure is avoided wearing and tearing, and it has protected the feeder line structure can inter-modulation.Therefore, do not need feeder line structure is carried out the relevant surface treatment of loss.
This feeder line structure can be screen printed on the non-conductive film, perhaps for example, is attached on non-conductive layer or the film by gummed or joint.Alternatively, feeder line structure can be etched on the printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB), and this PCB has formed non-conductive film or layer.This just has such advantage, and the feeder line structure that promptly has little feed line thickness can be used as the feeder line structure that need not self-supporting.Compare with prior art solutions, use common PCB to have to have realized the advantage of better tolerance and lower manufacturing cost.In addition, can use the normal etch tolerance to replace the perforation tolerance, it has additional advantage, that is, it makes best feeder line figure quite easily, for example, and the feeder line of meander-shaped.Even also reduced mechanical stress.Another advantage of this solution is to have increased the possibility of selecting feed line impedance and shape, and the result has realized better RF performance.In addition, for example can realize bigger slant range by one or more feeder line of meander-shaped.Equally, owing to select the possibility of feed line impedance, not waiting of easier realization input power cut apart, and promoted amplitude to be tapered thus.
In addition, it is better heat carrier that non-conductive film or layer are compared ambient air, and its equipment that makes has better power durability.
Fixing ground plane can be disposed on the both sides of described feeder line structure, feeder line structure is parallel with described ground plane, wherein non-conductive film is between described feeder line structure and each ground plane, and wherein dielectric components between each ground plane and each non-conductive film or layer.This just has such advantage, and promptly ground plane can be used as the shell of equipment, and this equipment can be made very compact thus.In addition, because the invention enables ground plane can be placed near conductive layer, because the distance shorter with ground can be used the more feed line impedance of wide region, feed line impedance becomes and depends on the width of lead more.Therefore even further improved the scope of possible feed line impedance in addition, compared with prior art, use etched feed line structure to allow narrower feeder line, it.
The size of non-conductive layer can correspond essentially to the size of ground plane.In addition, at least a portion of non-conductive layer can be cut off or be excised, to guarantee setting up at least one well-defined contact surface between ground plane and/or feeder line splicing ear.Perhaps, non-conductive film or layer size can so make ground plane can be in contact with one another along their the whole length and the edge of width.This just has and can suppress inter-modulation and remain on more low-level advantage.
As mentioned above, at least one described feeder line can be a meander-shaped.This just has such advantage, promptly need not to increase equipment length or even the length that reduces equipment just can obtain bigger wave beam adjustable range.
The inner surface of described ground plane can be by anodic oxidation or for providing with non-conductive layer so that extra separator is provided.This just has such advantage, promptly for example because the defective of non-conductive film or layer has reduced the danger of the contact of not expecting between feeder line structure and the ground plane.
Non-conductive film or layer can have at least one additional features: waterproof, heat-resisting, low RF loss, dielectric constant, low-thermal-expansion, high heat conductance and the low water absorbable lower than the dielectric constant of dielectric components.
Normally used material, for example, Teflon (trade mark of E.I.), Dupont, it is a kind of operable have low ε and low-loss insulating material.Perhaps, can use plastics such as Ultem or Lexan (trade mark of General Electric).Certainly, also can use other material.
This equipment is particluarly suitable for being used for regulating the antenna control system of the beam direction of antenna and uses.Especially, this equipment antenna control system of being adapted at being used for the inclination angle of the long-range main lobe that aerial array is set is used.
According to hereinafter detailed description, these and other feature of the present invention will become obvious.
Below with reference to having illustrated the accompanying drawing of some preferred embodiments to explain the present invention more fully.
The accompanying drawing summary
Fig. 1 shows the exemplary embodiment of phase shifter apparatus with exploded view;
Fig. 2 shows the equipment of Fig. 1 with sectional view;
Fig. 3 illustrates in greater detail the feeder line structure of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 a-b shows exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 shows further feature of the present invention;
Fig. 6 shows additional features of the present invention;
Fig. 7 a-c shows optional exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 shows another optional exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 shows an optional exemplary embodiment of the present invention equally.
Embodiment
The utilizable exemplary apparatus 200 of the present invention has been shown in Fig. 1 and 2.The exploded view of equipment of the beam direction of the wave beam that is used to regulate antenna has been shown among Fig. 1.Equipment 200 comprises the shell as box of elongation, and this shell is made up of the first half 201 and Lower Half 202, constitutes ground plane.Also show feeder line structure 100.Each feeder line section 102-107 of feeder line structure connects with the relevant splicing ear 102a-107a that presents.Present splicing ear 102a-106a and for example be connected to relevant antenna oscillator or subarray, for example be arranged in a pair of antenna oscillator in the fixing array by the coaxial cable (not shown), the linear rows in the antenna normally, for example, antenna for base station.In use, presenting splicing ear 107a for example links to each other with transceiver circuit (not shown) in the base station that for example is included in cellular mobile telephone system by coaxial cable.
Fig. 2 shows the cross section of expansion of the equipment that assembles of the line I-I in Fig. 3.As shown in the figure, the first half 201 comprises the upper wall 203 that is essentially the plane, and with two downward straight, longitudinally extending flange 204,205 forms a whole.The Lower Half 202 of shell comprises the lower wall 208 that is essentially the plane, and forms a whole with the longitudinal edge portions of lower wall 208, the flange 207 and 209 that makes progress straight.As what can find out in Fig. 1, feeder line structure 100 is arranged between two non-conductive films or the layer 210,211, and its length and width correspond essentially to the size of the ground plane 201,202 of the first half and Lower Half.The thickness of non-conductive film or layer can be the magnitude of 0.01-1mm for example.This just has such advantage, and promptly non-conductive film or layer are isolated ground plane mutually, and this makes and can suppress inter-modulation and remain on lower rank.In addition, non-conductive film or layer have the size corresponding to the size of the ground plane 201,202 of the first half and Lower Half, have the advantage that the first half and lower ground planes 201,202 can be formed the installation frame that non-conductive film or layer can be attached thereto.By fixture ground plane is stained with mutually, for example with approach screw known per se.In order to keep ground plane to isolate mutually, screw rod can be non-conductive type, for example plastic screw.Perhaps, can use common (conduction) screw rod, in this case, the present invention has the advantage of only using the predetermined and clear contact area between the ground plane, and these zones have the advantage of inter-modulation.Non-conductive layer can have the through hole corresponding to the diameter of screw rod, perhaps alternatively, can provide the cut-out (shown in 212 among Fig. 1) of preferably well-defined position at attachment point for non-conductive layer.In order to promote the assembling of this equipment, can be before assembling that feeder line structure and non-conductive layer is glued together.Perhaps, can obtain feeder line by non-conductive film or the layer that etching comprises conductive layer.For example, by gluing together with prepreg or engaging, so can be with second non-conductive film or layer conductive layer side attached to first non-conductive film or layer.As the optional mode of another kind, one or simultaneously two non-conductive films can when putting together, when mounting equipment, make feeder line structure at a side autoadhesion in the centre with convenient film, film and feeder line structure are assembled into an easy-to-operate unit.In going back another embodiment, non-conductive film or layer have been formed single film or the layer that has wherein embedded feeder line structure.In exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 1, feeder line structure 100 is attached to non-conductive film 211.
In addition, dielectric components 220-223 has been shown among Fig. 1 and 2, it is used to influence propagation velocity.Dielectric components the 221, the 223rd, optionally, and if you are using, they for example can be used to, and reduce the impedance in the feed conductor 104 and 107.As for example, according to the technology of WO02/35651 A1 known and will further specify hereinafter, dielectric components 220,222 is used to influence the phase shift along the signal component of corresponding line segment transmission, corresponding line segment is replaceable along the longitudinal direction linearity of the equipment between two end points, so that change the phase angle difference between the signal component of presenting the splicing ear place.Phase angle difference will depend on the ad-hoc location of dielectric components.When dielectric components be transferred to a certain apart from the time, the transmission phase place of line segment 102,103,105,106 will be changed equably, and the transmission phase place of line segment 104 remains unchanged basically.If the phase shift of feeder line 102,105 is twices of feeder line 106,103, the phase angle difference between then relevant with adjacent antenna oscillator (or subarray) terminal is with consistent with each other.Therefore, to always have the wave surface of the form of straight lines of being essentially in this case from synthetic wave beam, and can regulate the inclination angle of this wave surface by the diverse location longitudinally that dielectric components is moved to equipment with five antenna oscillators of these terminals coupling.
Dielectric components can have different effective dielectric radios, for example, by the thickness that dielectric components part with through hole, other irregular is provided or changes so that influence the retarding effect of dielectric material.This is in the figure for example by through hole 224,225 indications.Certainly, dielectric components can be the solid with equal dielectric radio.
Dielectric components can be used as distance member, so that feeder line structure is kept in position.In an optional embodiment, can provide positioning element for upper wall and lower wall, for example, with the form of projection or wall, it can help dielectric components that feeder line structure is remained on the appropriate location, and the correct distance between definite feeder conductor and the ground plane.
The use of non-conductive layer has such advantage, and promptly ground plane can be positioned near conductive layer, and for example can not emit between the operating period because water droplet or because the distortion that is caused by thermal expansion makes the danger that feeder conductor contacts with ground plane to have aforesaid advantage.
In exemplary embodiment, the inner surface of upper wall and lower wall and flange is by anodic oxidation, and protection does not have the contact of not expecting between ground plane and feeder line structure to provide extra insulating barrier to be used in addition.Replace carrying out anodic oxidation, can be coated with the last layer non-conductive coating layer to the surface.
Fig. 3 shows the feeder line structure 100 of Fig. 1 in more detail.In the embodiment that is illustrated, feeder line structure 100 is configured to first and second line segments 105,106 and extends upward in first party with feed conductor 107 along the principal direction A of equipment, and the 3rd, the 4th and the 5th line segment 102,103,104 extends upward in the second party opposite with first direction.Every feeder line section is connected with relevant present splicing ear 102a, 103a, 104a, 105a and 106a respectively.Feeder line section is by 101 interconnection of source connection, and by feed conductor 107 and relevant feed terminal 107a thereof, source connection 101 can be connected with signal source.As mentioned above, present splicing ear 102a-106a and for example be connected to relevant antenna oscillator or subarray by 5 coaxial cables.
The microwave signal that occurs at feed terminal 107a will propagate into source connection 101 of centralized positioning along feed conductor 107 and propagate on 5 line segment 102-106.Have a down dip in order to regulate, movable dielectric components 220,222 (wherein 222 by the dotted line indication) partly covers feeder line 102,103,105,106, and it slides along feeder line on principal direction A.As shown in the figure, can provide through hole 110a, 110b, so that the dielectric load of feeder line part and the part coupling that does not have dielectric load for dielectric components 220.Also show dielectric components 223.
May further be this equipment near equipment or terminal provide fixing dielectric components 120,121 (shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3), so that the impedance of feeder line section is mated with splicing ear.As shown in FIG., they can be different shapes.Fixed part can also have all thickness.
As shown in FIG., two feeder lines 102,105 are meander-shaped.This just has the advantage of the wave beam adjustable range that acquisition is bigger under the situation of the length that does not increase equipment.In the exemplary embodiment, this equipment can be made suitable weak point and tilt angle interval greater than prior art equipment twice is provided simultaneously.
Preferably, the dielectric material of dielectric components has the dielectric constant that is higher than non-conductive film or layer.Suitable material is Ultem , or Lexan (it is the trade mark of General Electric).In the exemplary embodiment, the dielectric constant of dielectric material should be in the interval between 2 and 6 (dielectric constant of non-conductive film or layer should be preferably relatively low, for example≤3).In addition, the same with the material of non-conductive film or layer, dielectric components should preferably have low RF loss, and is heat-resisting, has high heat conductance, has low water absorbable and has low-thermal-expansion.
Fig. 4 a shows the exemplary embodiment according to equipment 400 of the present invention, and it is suitable for using with double polarization array antenna or two aerial arrays that separate.About the similar of the equipment 400 of device, feeder line structure, dielectric components and the non-conductive film of ground plane or layer in equipment 200.Yet in this embodiment, two feeder line structures 404,405 are encapsulated in the shell.Feeder line structure 404,405 is had the intermediate flange 406 of the function of above-mentioned flange 207,209 and is separated.As what can find out in the drawings, intermediate flange 406 is only extended along the part of equipment in this embodiment, and its reason will be explained below.As mentioned above, each feeder line structure 404,405 is disposed between two non-conductive films or the layer, and as mentioned above, its length and width correspond essentially to the size of the first half and lower ground planes.Therefore, two feeder line structures can be placed between identical non-conductive film or the layer, thereby film or layer and feeder line structure can manufacture single component.
Alternatively, each feeder line structure can be placed between the non-conductive film or layer of separation, half of the width of each overlay device.Under latter instance, film and feeder line structure can be assembled as individual unit, use comparably on the embodiment that describes in Fig. 1-3 among the embodiment that this unit can be described in as Fig. 4 a, thereby the manufacturing advantage is provided.
Dielectric components 407-410 (and correspondingly, according to equipment 200, in an opposite side of feeder line structure, corresponding dielectric components (not shown)) uses as description above, i.e. dielectric components 408,409 signal phase that is used to influence in the feeder line.Two feeder line structures (and dielectric components) among the layout plan 4a are so that feeder line structure 404 (and dielectric components 407-408) is the mirror image of feeder line structure 405 (and dielectric components 409-410).This just causes two movably dielectric components 408 and 409 one-tenth mirror images, and by mutually towards placement.Because the fact that intermediate flange is only extended along the part of equipment 400, as shown in FIG., this solution allows movably, and dielectric components 408,409 forms an integral unit, wherein when it moves, influence the phase place of the signal component that transmits along the line segment separately of feeder line structure 404,405 simultaneously.Therefore, the same moved further of dielectric components 408-409 (and corresponding (not shown), the dielectric components on the opposition side of feeder line structure) allows dual-polarized antenna vibrator or not on the same group the equalization control of antenna oscillator.For example, can operate dielectric components 408-409 in the mode that is similar to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 and 3 by a bar.
Yet in the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 a, a kind of optional exemplary solution that moves to dielectric components is disclosed.The unit of being made up of dielectric components 408,409 is provided to a groove 411, and wherein a limit 412 constitutes tooth bar, with to the apparent and known mode of those skilled in the art, meshes with the tooth pinion 413 that has that assembles in the groove.Illustrate in greater detail this solution among Fig. 4 b, wherein illustrate in greater detail pinion 413.As what can find out in the drawings, the edge 412 of dielectric components 408,409 meshes with tooth pinion 413 is arranged, and makes that this motion is converted into the linear movement of dielectric components 408,409 when pinion 413 rotates.For example, clockwise rotating of pinion 413 causes dielectric components 408,409 to move on arrow D direction.Therefore, dielectric components 408,409 (and tooth evenly being arranged, the dielectric components of the correspondence on the opposition side of feeder line structure) can move simultaneously with synchronous fully plain mode.In addition, the direct connection to dielectric components has reduced transmission swing (transmission Dlay).
As in Fig. 4 b as can be seen, axle 414 holes 416 that extend through in the shell (ground plane) 415 of pinion 413 are so that can be from the external engagement of shell 415.For example, axle 414 can directly be connected with the axle of stepping motor, perhaps alternatively, is connected with stepping motor via a worm gear.Especially, worm gear solution any gear solution that gear is arranged or the angle is arranged of this problem (or be used for) has such advantage, the size that is stepping motor can be done very for a short time, at least be if selected suitable gear ratio, because it only needs to provide mobile dielectric components 408-409 (and above-mentioned corresponding components) enough moments of torsion.Compared with prior art, this is a significant advantage, because provide sufficient power supply and relevant control electronic device can be complicated to stepping motor.In the prior art, the sizable assembly that is connected with other such as bar must be moved, and it needs sizable power consumption again.Stepping motor and relevant control electronic device thereof can advantageously be installed within the radome.
In optional embodiment, intermediate flange 406 can be extended along equipment all the time, so feeder line structure is positioned in " compartment of separation ".In this solution, the edge of towards dielectric components 408,409 can be embodied as tooth bar mutually, and each is used for and the tooth pinion is arranged.Can the recess in intermediate flange provide the tooth pinion and interconnect, make when a pinion rotation, and then rotation in addition, however make each pinion only contact the tooth bar of a dielectric components.Therefore pinion should be offset a little with respect to the central shaft that extends through intermediate flange.Being synchronized with the movement of pinion guaranteed in interconnection, thereby dielectric components also is synchronized with the movement.As conspicuous to those skilled in the art, dielectric components will be to move on identical direction simultaneously.Because pinion interconnect, what a pinion only arranged spool need be from the external engagement of shell, and this equipment can be operated as mentioned above.
Certainly, also may in according to the equipment of Fig. 1-3, use two above-mentioned solutions simultaneously.For example, the part that has the tooth pinion equipment 200 for example of can being placed in to keep right most, in this case, movably dielectric components 220,222 will be made into tooth bar the most on the right side as mentioned above.
As what above described, the problem of the phase shifter of the above-mentioned type is to be difficult to guarantee that in fact the wave beam inclination angle of being scheduled to produces one group of wave beam inclination angle corresponding to predetermined wave beam inclination angle, for example, will carry out SET TILT order in correct mode.
The solution of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 4 a this problem, and guaranteed one group of beam tilt that beam tilt equals to be scheduled to.The read text scale 420 of the granularity that comprises the resolution that for example has 1/100 ° is provided for dielectric components 408,409 movably.An optical read device (not shown) is installed in the outside of shell, directly on read text scale 420 and pass one or more openings scanning read text scale 420 in the shell.Therefore, be used to detect the absolute position of removable dielectric components and detect the device that actual beam tilts thus for this equipment provides.This just has the exact position that can not need to obtain as the inclination angle total energy that prior art must detect the final position that dielectric components moves and insert expectation subsequently removable dielectric components.It is hereby ensured in correct mode and carry out the control signal that sends to the step motor control electronic device from for example remote location, and comprise for example SET TILT=22 ° order.
Optional method as to the optical readings of the absolute position that is used to obtain removable dielectric components can provide linear potentiometer for removable dielectric components, thus can be by measuring the exact position that potentiometric resistance obtains removable dielectric components.
As another optional method, can carry out reading by detecting electric capacity or inductance to optical readings.For example, can use linear variable difference transformer (LVDT).Can obtain this device from RDP electronic equipment company, and will describe its operation principle with reference to figure 5 below.Three coils 501,502,503 are wrapped on bobbin or the bobbin.Coil 501 constitute main coils and usually at 0.5 to 10V rms with 1 alternating current driver to the 30kHz scope.Coil 502,503 has constituted secondary coil, and twines in the opposite direction when being in midline position with convenient FERRITE CORE, and in sensed each coil of the voltage of an equilibrium, and output has each other been eliminated in the output of two secondary coils.By utilizing magnetic material movable part 504 as FERRITE CORE, it is in the part that the present invention forms, provide on dielectric components movably or link to each other with dielectric components movably, the mobile induced current of movable part 504 is in coil 502,503.Because movable part moves to the left side (or the right) among the figure, the induced voltage in the coil 502 (when moving to the right is 503) increases, and the induced voltage in the coil 503 (502) reduces.When movable part when shift (electrical zero position) from the center, the output amplitude of transducer (that is the summation of the induced voltage in the coil 502,503) rises linearly.Therefore, can always can obtain the exact position of mobile dielectric subassembly by reading output voltage.If movably dielectric components can move at both direction from the center, must consider that then the phase place of output signal is so that understand the direction that moves.
Fig. 7 a-c show a kind of need not to carry out certain final position is detected and from this position of this insertions so that determine the beam direction expected, be used to the exemplary embodiment of going back of the device that obtains the absolute position of described removable dielectric components and obtain the actual beam direction thus.In Fig. 7 a, show phase shifter 700, it is similar to the phase shifter among Fig. 4 a, promptly is fit to double polarization array antenna or two phase shifters that the aerial array that separates uses.Therefore, phase shifter 700 comprises the dielectric components (not shown) that the tooth pinion is arranged with at least one, that is, when pinion rotation, this motion is converted into the linear movement of dielectric components.
As finding out in Fig. 7 a and more detailed in Fig. 7 b, Fig. 7 b shows the part of the amplification of equipment among Fig. 7 a, and the axle 701 of pinion (not shown) extends through hole in the shell (ground plane) 702 so that from the external engagement of shell 702.Axle 701 is connected with the axle 703 of motor 704 by gear 705.As will be disclosed hereinafter,,, can use any motor because the present invention has got rid of the needs of counting stepper motor steps though motor can be a stepping motor.Although axle 701 can be connected with 1: 1 ratio with motor 704, preferably select suitable gear than to guarantee that this motor can provide the moment of torsion of enough mobile phase shifter dielectric components and/or allow use to have the small machine of low energy consumption.
In addition, the axle 701 of pinion is to be similar to the mode among the relevant Fig. 4 b that has illustrated, be used for being meshed in the outside of described shell 702 equally with rectangular slab 706, a limit 711 has wherein constituted and has been similar to disclosed tooth bar in Fig. 4 b, during with convenient pinion rotation, this motion is converted into the linear movement of rectangular slab 706.If the toothing of the outside of described pinion is similar to inner toothing, and if the tooth bar of the tooth bar of described plate and described dielectric components similar, then plate 706 will be followed described dielectric components motion.Plate 706 is in abutting connection with guide member 707, and guide member 707 guarantees that described plate moves on the direction of expectation, and promptly the direction with arrow moves.
According to hereinafter carrying out absolute position detection.As what can in Fig. 7 c, find out, thin circuit board 708 be disposed on the shell 702 and plate 706 under.For circuit board 708 provides 8 light-emitting diodes (LED), by the some indication of arranging along the axle of the longitudinal axis that crosses plate 706.8 vertical row 706a-h in hole are provided for plate 706.These holes and solid section have therebetween been formed 8 Gray codes, and for example, the hole is defined as logical one and the solid logic " 0 " that is defined as, and corresponding LED aligns on every row and the circuit board 708.In addition, for second circuit board 709 provides 8 sensor device (not shown),, be arranged in the top of described plate 706 in so a kind of mode, so that described LED and described phototransistor are arranged in the public plate as phototransistor.In the use, LED stably transmits the light that can be detected by described phototransistor.Yet when " sight line " do not blocked by the solid section of described plate 706, phototransistor will only detect the light of its corresponding LED, and detect logical one thus.Therefore, usually can determine the exact position of plate 706, and the exact position of determining the removable dielectric components of described phase shifter 700 thus, even directly definite when powering up without any need for the final position detection, because 8 transducers will be informed the position of plate 706 immediately.By the signal cable that links to each other with the output 710 of described data card 708, detected code can be output to control device (not shown), for example motor control assembly.The signal of being exported can be used for for example determining beam direction by table lookup subsequently by control device, and this beam direction is compared with the beam direction of expectation, for example receive and order as SET TILT from remote location, and if necessary, regulate the electric current setting by driving described motor.Transfer of data for greater safety, data card can comprise the device that is used for 8 parallel-by-bit conversion of signals are become serial signal in addition.Therefore the disclosed embodiments provide the more simple effective method of dielectric position component in a kind of definite phase shifter, and determine thus from the beam direction of the wave beam of the antenna oscillator radiation that is connected to described phase shifter.Although can on plate 706, use any binary code system, Gray code is favourable, because it provides wherein the binary code system that two successive values only differ a numeral (that is, the hole in the lateral rows of described capable 706a-h only has a hole (or solid) to convert solid (or hole) from a lateral rows to next lateral rows to) at every turn.
Use common binary code that shortcoming is arranged, because more than one position or position may change (relatively simultaneously, convert 10000000 to 01111111), this position stop can to cause one or more quilts to detect (for example, the edge in hole aligns with the sight line between LED and the transducer if plate 706 stops) mistakenly and lead to errors ground detection beam direction thus.Therefore, use common binary code may influence the uncertain of relevant actual beam direction, because the position of one or more misunderstandings may cause the significant difference in the detection of beamformer output direction.As mentioned above, solved this problem by only change a position Gray code at every turn.Thus, there is a position uncertain at the most.Obvious is, can use any amount of position, and the position is many more, and the resolution in the beam direction of detection is high more.In addition, can use single source to replace a plurality of light sources.Equally, circuit board 708 can change the signal reflex device into, and such as speculum, in this case, transducer and signal transmitter all are positioned at data card 709.Be further appreciated that and use any proper device that is used to generate binary signal, for example ultrasonic wave or laser beam.
Fig. 8 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention, is similar to shown in Fig. 7 a-c, but is intended to be used for phase shifter, and wherein rotating arm is used to influence phase shift by the physical path length of differential change circular portion strip line.As can be as seen from the figure, phase shifter 800 comprises the inside strip line part 801 and the outside strip line part 802 of concentrically arranging around common center point 803.Terminal 801a-b, the 802a-b of strip line part 801,802 are connected to antenna oscillator 806-809, such as the dipole or the patch antenna oscillator that are used to provide two even phase shifts between the continuous oscillator.Realize even phase shift by rotating feed line arm 805, feed line arm 805 at one end 805a has the center-fed terminal that the RF signal that is used for being fed is connected to described antenna oscillator, and tap parts 805b, the c (by the dotted portion indication) that are used for the RF signal is provided to described strip line 801,802.When arm 805 for example rotates around described central point 803 by motor, physical path length from tapping point 805b, 805c to described antenna oscillator is changed, and can guarantee path length difference by the radius of selecting suitable strip line part, and the phase difference between two continuous antenna oscillators is always identical thus.As being understandable that, the exact position of knowing arm 805 all the time is highly valuable, and knows thus from the beam direction of the wave beam of described antenna oscillator radiation.The present invention makes this become possibility by the Gray code circular portion plate 81 0 on the outside (perhaps, if the space allows, in the inboard) that is arranged in the phase shifter shell is provided.Be placed on second arm on the rotation axis of arm 805 and can place to such an extent that rotate and align, and comprise the data card of disclosed type among Fig. 7 with arm 805.In this embodiment, the preference data card comprises signal transmitter and transducer, because the plate of Gray code in this example is fixed and this data card moves with arm.In addition, each position will need one group of diode.Therefore, should be each hole in the plate and for example be provided for reflecting reflective bottom from the signal of described signal transmitter.In the embodiment with second arm, the plate of this second arm and Gray code thus can be placed on the outside of phase shifter shell, and can be similar to disclosed detection absolute position in Fig. 7.Alternatively, and as shown in Figure 8, do not use second arm, data card 811 is placed on the arm 805, preferably in a side that faces away from strip line, perhaps in the zone between strip line but the substitute is.Like this, only need the plate 810 of an arm and Gray code can be placed in the phase shifter shell.
Fig. 9 shows another exemplary embodiment of the absolute position detection of the linear removable slide block that obtains the type described among Fig. 1 or the 4a.Fig. 9 shows the part (preferably possess be used for according to the operation of the dielectric components of Fig. 4 a the tooth pinion arranged) of the phase shifter 900 of disclosed type among Fig. 1.For providing to have, disclosed phase shifter 900 is used for directly transmitting and received signal, for example range sensor 901 of the device of laser signal 902 to removable dielectric components 903.On the other hand, type that can be suitable according to the use signal, for dielectric components movably towards the edge of range sensor 901 904 cremasteric reflex coatings.In the use, signal 904 transmits and is reflected immediately towards the edge from range sensor 901.By measuring from transmitting signal to the time that receives described signal, accurately measuring distance 905.Measured distance can offer the external control unit subsequently and be used to convert to from the inclination angle of the wave beam of the antenna oscillator radiation that is connected with phase shifter 900.As conspicuous to those skilled in the art, the method that all above-described control actual beam tilt is all available in the phase shifter embodiment of all descriptions.
Fig. 4 a also discloses another favorable characteristics of the present invention.A total problem of known phase shifter is that the corresponding cable that is connected to equipment is soldered to feed line terminals and shell.Wire bonds to feed line terminals is not constituted problem.Yet the welding lead sheath is very strict to the requirement of shell, for example in order to control inter-modulation, that is, in fact can not carry out this welding at suitable point.Therefore, when equipment fault, except exchange device more and welding cable thereon, there is not alternative way.Yet, according to the present invention, in manufacture process in a controlled manner, the lead sheath that will be connected to the cable of equipment is soldered to pot head 600, Fig. 6 illustrates in more detail, and when mounting equipment, utilize the screwed connection of the ground plane of the first half and Lower Half that pot head is kept in position releasedly, and have only its connection not have the so critical center conductor of ground connection connection need be welded to this equipment.In order under the situation of not welding, to provide gratifying ground connection with controlled intermodulation to connect, can provide an insulating barrier for pot head and/or ground plane, for example by anodic oxidation, be coupled to guarantee the plenary capacitance that obtains ground connection.Therefore, equipment can be disassembled and assemble and partly be replaced and need not simultaneously to carry out accurate welding and the performance of maintenance equipment at suitable point.As to the capacity coupled replacement scheme of disclosed and ground connection above, also can make electricity consumption lead coupling.In this solution, can use independent pot head at every cable, and pot head can be processed into the screw thread that has external screw thread and be screwed into correspondence in the device housings.Certainly, the pot head solution also can be applicable to the equipment among Fig. 1-3.
Those skilled in the art be it is evident that equally, can to above-mentioned each implement to carry out many other realizations, correction, variation and/or interpolation, and will be appreciated that and the present invention includes all such realizations, correction, variation and/or the interpolation that falls in the claim scope.
For example, the central source splicing ear can self be used as and present splicing ear, is used to be directly connected to antenna oscillator.
Ratio among the figure only is schematic purpose, and will be appreciated that the thickness of dielectric components in reality can be quite thin, and therefore the gross thickness of equipment also can be thinner.
In the above-described embodiment, this equipment comprises 5 feeder line section.Yet, be understandable that this equipment can comprise the feeder line section greater or less than 5, for example 4 or 2.
Claims (27)
1. one kind is used to regulate from the equipment of the beam direction of the wave beam of the fixedly array radiation of antenna oscillator, wherein at least two antenna oscillator feed point are via feeder line structure and common signal source coupling, described feeder line structure has source connection that links to each other with described source, and will present splicing ear with at least two that described antenna oscillator feed point is connected, dead earth face at least one side of described feeder line structure and described feeder line structure is at a distance of certain distance and parallel with it
One of them movable part be positioned at described feeder line structure near, so that change at described source connection and the signal phase of presenting the signal component that transmits between the splicing ear separately, described movable part is movably to realize the controlled phase shift of described signal component, so that regulate described beam direction
It is characterized in that, be provided for detecting the checkout gear of the absolute position of described movable part for described equipment.
2. according to the equipment of claim 1, it is characterized in that, for described movable part provides read text scale (420), and, scan described read text scale (420) with the one or more openings that pass in the described equipment in the outside of described equipment installation optical read device.
3. according to the equipment of claim 1, it is characterized in that, for described movable part provides linear potentiometer, so that allow by measuring the exact position that described potentiometric resistance obtains removable dielectric components.
4. according to the equipment of claim 1, it is characterized in that described device comprises and being used for by detecting the device that electric capacity or inductance detect the position of removable dielectric components.
5. according to the equipment of claim 4, it is characterized in that, described device comprises transformer, wherein can be at secondary coil (502 by moving of bar of magnetic material (504), 503) induced voltage in, moving of the removable dielectric components of mobile expression of described rod (504) is so that can determine the position of removable dielectric components by the induced voltage in the detection secondary coil (502,503).
6. according to the equipment of claim 1, it is characterized in that it also comprises:
Be used to measure from the fixed position to the device of the distance of described movable part, during the moving of described movable part, described distance increases or reduces, and described distance will be configured to represent the beam direction of radiation beam.
7. according to the equipment of claim 1, it is characterized in that the device of the code of the parts after it also comprises the parts behind the coding and is used to read described coding, the position of described coded representation movable part.
8. according to the equipment of claim 7, it is characterized in that the parts behind the described coding are arranged to move with described movable part and with respect to described code reading device.
9. equipment according to Claim 8 is characterized in that, the parts behind the described coding are fixed, and described code reading device is arranged to move with described movable part and with respect to the parts behind the described coding.
10. according to any one the equipment among the claim 7-9, it is characterized in that the parts behind the described coding are the binary system Gray code parts of n position.
11. any one the equipment according among the claim 7-10 is characterized in that, described coding is to realize by recess in the described plate or hole.
12. any one the equipment according among the claim 7-11 is characterized in that, described code reading device comprises the device that is used for reading from listed any one of group signal: light-emitting diode, laser beam, ultrasonic wave or infrared sound wave.
13. any one the equipment according among the claim 1-12 is characterized in that, for described movable part is provided for device with pinion, makes the rotation of described pinion cause moving of described movable part.
14. the equipment according to claim 13 is characterized in that, the axle of described pinion extends through ground plane, so that can be from the external engagement of described equipment.
15. equipment according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, the device of the code of the parts after it comprises the parts behind the coding and is used to read described coding, the position of the described movable part of described coded representation, wherein parts or the code reading device that is provided with behind the described coding by means of described pinion moves with described movable part.
16. equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, for described movable part provides read text scale (420), and, scan described read text scale (420) with the one or more openings that pass in the described equipment in the outside of described equipment installation optical read device.
17. according to any one the equipment among the claim 1-16, the plane feeder line structure of wherein said feeder line structure on principal direction, extending.
18. according to any one the equipment among the claim 1-17, wherein said movable part is the dielectric movable part, and between described feeder line structure and described ground plane, described dielectric components moves on principal direction.
19. according to any one the equipment among the claim 1-18, wherein said movable part is between described feeder line structure and described ground plane.
20. any one the equipment according among the claim 1-19 is characterized in that, it also comprises the electromechanical assembly that is used for moving described movable part, and described electromechanical assembly is configured to remotely controlled.
21. the equipment according to claim 20 is characterized in that, the linearly moving mechanism that described electromechanical assembly comprises motor and is used for axle is converted to linear movable part.
22. according to any one the equipment among the claim 1-20, it is characterized in that, it is configured to receive the pot head attached on the cable that comprises lead and sheath, so that, allow the sheath of described cable to be connected to described ground plane via described pot head by capacitive coupling or conduction screwed connection.
23. any one the equipment according among the claim 1-22 is characterized in that, for described equipment disposition to extend to described at least 4 line segments presenting splicing ear from described source connection, wherein
In first line segment and second line segment at least one extended with the first direction along described principal direction usually,
In third and fourth line segment at least one extended with the second direction opposite with described first direction usually, wherein
Described movable part lay respectively at described first and second line segments and described third and fourth line segment at least a portion near, and have effective dielectric radio, and
Described movable part is linear movable between two final positions, keeps described parts near the opposite line segment that extends is right separately simultaneously.
24. one kind is used to regulate aerial array, particularly constitute the antenna control system of beam direction of the aerial array of the base station portion in the mobile cellular communication system, described antenna comprises a plurality of antenna oscillators and is used to change the phase changer of phase place of at least one signal of described antenna oscillator of feeding
The phase place of wherein regulating described signal realizes by driving functional unit, and the driving of described functional unit realizes by operating a functional unit drive unit,
It is characterized in that described phase changer comprises according to any one the equipment among the claim 1-23.
25. the antenna control system according to claim 24 is characterized in that, described functional unit drive unit is made up of the motor with relevant control electronic device.
26. antenna control system according to claim 25, it is characterized in that, described motor links to each other with the axle of pinion, described pinion is from the external engagement of described equipment, wherein be provided for device with described pinion for removable dielectric components, so that rotate described pinion, cause moving of removable dielectric components by described motor.
27. the antenna control system according to claim 25 or 26 is characterized in that, described control electronic device comprises:
Be used to receive input unit from the command signal of remote control unit transmission,
The described command signal that is used for being intended for antenna element converts the device of the corresponding control signal that is used for described motor to, and
Be used for controlling described motor with the described functional unit of displacement, so that the phase place of the described signal at each antenna oscillator place is made corresponding adjusting the, the device of the overall angular direction of Long-distance Control main lobe thus based on described control signal.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US68554505P | 2005-05-31 | 2005-05-31 | |
| SE0501235A SE528903C8 (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2005-05-31 | Device for lobo adjustment |
| US60/685,545 | 2005-05-31 | ||
| SE0501235-6 | 2005-05-31 | ||
| SE05012356 | 2005-05-31 | ||
| PCT/SE2006/000640 WO2006130083A1 (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2006-05-31 | Beam adjusting device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101189760A true CN101189760A (en) | 2008-05-28 |
| CN101189760B CN101189760B (en) | 2012-07-04 |
Family
ID=37596388
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006800194551A Active CN101189759B (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2006-05-31 | Beam adjusting device |
| CN2006800194566A Expired - Fee Related CN101189760B (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2006-05-31 | Beam adjusting device |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006800194551A Active CN101189759B (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2006-05-31 | Beam adjusting device |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN101189759B (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE522008T1 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE528903C8 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112421217A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 西安电子科技大学 | 1-bit digital coding metamaterial antenna unit |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104466426A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-03-25 | 李梓萌 | Baffle-board used for base station antenna and base station antenna array structure |
| CN104466405A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-03-25 | 李梓萌 | Adjustable phase shifting device for array antenna |
| CN105070979B (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2018-01-23 | 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 | A kind of phase shifter with built-in drive link |
| CN110783666A (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2020-02-11 | 上海华为技术有限公司 | Phase shifter and electrically tunable antenna |
-
2005
- 2005-05-31 SE SE0501235A patent/SE528903C8/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2006
- 2006-05-31 CN CN2006800194551A patent/CN101189759B/en active Active
- 2006-05-31 CN CN2006800194566A patent/CN101189760B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-05-31 AT AT06747834T patent/ATE522008T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112421217A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 西安电子科技大学 | 1-bit digital coding metamaterial antenna unit |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101189759B (en) | 2012-11-07 |
| SE0501235L (en) | 2006-12-01 |
| SE528903C8 (en) | 2007-05-15 |
| ATE522008T1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
| CN101189760B (en) | 2012-07-04 |
| CN101189759A (en) | 2008-05-28 |
| SE528903C2 (en) | 2007-03-13 |
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