CN101184318A - Wireless resource allocation method and device of OFDMA system - Google Patents

Wireless resource allocation method and device of OFDMA system Download PDF

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CN101184318A
CN101184318A CNA2007100323722A CN200710032372A CN101184318A CN 101184318 A CN101184318 A CN 101184318A CN A2007100323722 A CNA2007100323722 A CN A2007100323722A CN 200710032372 A CN200710032372 A CN 200710032372A CN 101184318 A CN101184318 A CN 101184318A
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user
resource
allocation
frequency
information
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CN101184318B (en
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梁锦华
张永强
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GCI Science and Technology Co Ltd
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    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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Abstract

The invention discloses a wireless resource distribution method and a device for orthogonal frequency division multiple access system, comprising the following steps: dividing orthogonal frequency multiple access intraframe blocks; collecting all the user information in current frame and information on service quality requirements of the users that accessed to the system; when respectively calculating the service quality requirement for meeting the need of the each user, respectively distributing a resource block pattern to the user continuously as the resource pre-distributive information of the user; and selecting the resource pre-distributive information of a plurality of users meeting the integrated performance requirement of the system for resource allocation. The invention has the advantages of ensuring continuous resource acquisition of each user in each frame during distribution of the wireless resource of orthogonal frequency division, enabling the base station terminal to manage the mapping relation between the resource and the user in a simpler way, reducing the received power of the user, increasing the capacity of the entire orthogonal frequency division system, ensuring the minimum rate requirement of the user, and facilitating the expansion to meet higher service quality demand.

Description

A kind of wireless resource of OFDMA system distribution method and device thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication field, especially relate to a kind of wireless resource allocation methods and device of orthogonal frequency division multiple access system.
Background technology
OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex, be called for short OFDM) be a kind of multi-carrier communication technology, it by serial to parallel conversion, is assigned to data flow at a high speed in several relatively low mutually orthogonal subcarriers of transmission rate and transmits.Ofdm system can effectively be eliminated intersymbol interference (Inter Symbol Interference is called for short ISI) and the inter-carrier interference (Inter Channel Interference is called for short ICI) that the multidiameter delay expansion is produced, and effectively utilizes frequency resource.OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access, be called for short OFDMA) be a kind of access technology that is based upon on the orthogonal frequency-division multiplex base plinth, it realizes that by distribute independent sub-carriers and time slot method for the user multiple access inserts, wherein a plurality of subcarriers are formed a subchannel, data can be transmitted to the user according to quality of services for users (Quality of Service is called for short QoS) the one or more subchannels of demand assignment in system.OFDMA becomes current high-speed data access system (as IEEE 802.16a/d/e wireless broadband access system) modulation technique scheme.
The resource allocation of OFDMA system is a challenge that relates to subcarrier allocation, power division and Adaptive Modulation.In existing research, mainly be to adopt the method for step-by-step optimization to realize the OFDMA system resource allocation: allocation of subcarriers at first, determine power, modulation system and the bit loading number of each subcarrier then.Can adopt the stator allocation of carriers to reduce complexity, but when the subcarrier transmitting data of user, can cause power system capacity decline in bad channel quality.Allocation of subcarriers can improve throughput of system adaptively.The research of subcarrier allocation algorithm mainly is the QoS that will guarantee fairness and each user between the user, and utilize subscriber channel difference obtain big as far as possible overall system throughput or run out may be little power.Current subcarrier allocation research concentrates on (for example constantly giving the best user of channel status with resource allocation at each) on a certain distributing slot resources, and does not consider the relation of allocation of carriers between each time slot.
Summary of the invention
The distribution method and the device that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of wireless resource of OFDMA system, can guarantee that resource that each user distributes is on the continuous basis, to realize making full use of the OFDM Resource Block in the orthogonal frequency division multiple access system frame.The device that the present invention realizes is by software module or the hard-wired device of FPGA.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of wireless resource of OFDMA system distribution method, and it may further comprise the steps:
A, partiting step: promptly the wireless resource block of each OFDM frame is divided according to frequency domain and time-domain simultaneously, frequency domain is made of N frequency band subchannel, each frequency band is made of one group of subcarrier, time-domain was made of M time period, and each time period is made of several OFDM symbols; Frequency-time block that the transmission elementary cell was made up of a frequency band and time period, always total N * M continuous frequency-time block can be assigned with;
B, acquisition step: whole user profile of connecting system and each quality of services for users require information when gathering present frame;
C, preassignment step: calculate when satisfying each QoS of customer requirement respectively, but from initial frequency-time block along time shaft and/or preassignment frequency-time block of spreading continuously of frequency axis, as the current pre-allocation of resources information of this user;
D, allocation step: add up each user's resource allocation information, choose and to satisfy some users that the entire system performance requires, carry out resource allocation according to this user's pre-allocation of resources information;
E, step of updating: according to resource allocation result, whole user profile and each quality of services for users require information in the update system;
F, repeating step b, c, d, e are distributed fully until the present frame resource.
By gathering user profile and different quality of service requirements, calculate respectively earlier, obtain the pre-allocation of resources information that to distribute separately, require to select suitable user to carry out resource allocation according to the entire system performance again, under the prerequisite of fairness between optimization that guarantees systematic function and user, fully satisfy the quality of service requirement of each user traffic flow, use Calculation Method respectively, help reducing the complexity of system design; But the method for salary distribution of preassignment frequency-time block that this user of employing distribution is spread continuously, can guarantee that the resource that each user is assigned with is continuous, the system that makes can be with simpler mode management resource and user's mapping relations, realization makes full use of the OFDM Resource Block, make the user can once receive whole resources of gained simultaneously, reduce received power.
As a kind of improvement, may further comprise the steps again in the preassignment step:
1, specifies the initial frequency-time block that unallocated frequency-time block is this user;
2, spread step: from initial frequency-time block along time shaft and/or frequency axis distribute continuous unallocated frequency-time block to give this user, form this continuous user pre-allocation resource picture mosaic;
3, determining step: judge whether the continuous pre-allocation resource picture mosaic that this user is assigned with can satisfy this QoS of customer requirement; If, confirm that the pre-allocation resource picture mosaic of this moment is this user's a pre-allocation of resources information, described preassignment step finishes; If not, return and spread step reallocation.
Unallocated frequency-the time block that spreads in the step can be the interior arbitrary unallocated frequency-time block of present frame Resource Block, also can be the arbitrary unallocated frequency-time block in the next frame Resource Block.Spreading distribution can carry out in present frame, also can spread to next frame, helps guaranteeing the continuity of user resource allocation, reduces user's received power.
In the allocation step, add up each user's pre-allocation of resources information, choose and to satisfy the user that the entire system performance requires, carry out resource allocation according to whole pre-allocation of resources information of this user.So, divide timing, a customer requirements is met, increase efficiency of resource distribution at first resource.
In the allocation step, described quality of services for users requires to be the minimum speed limit requirement.
Another object of the present invention: a kind of wireless resource of OFDMA system distributor, it comprises with lower module:
Acquisition module, whole user profile of connecting system and each quality of services for users require information, and output relevant information when being used to gather present frame;
The schedule information module, be used to divide Resource Block in the OFDM frame, receive each user profile and quality of service requirement information, calculate respectively when satisfying each quality of services for users requirement, can distribute to this user's continuous Resource Block picture mosaic respectively, and export each user's pre-allocation of resources information;
Resource distribution module is used to receive each user's pre-allocation of resources information, chooses the pre-allocation of resources information that can satisfy some users that the entire system performance requires, and carries out resource allocation, distributes the back to upgrade each user profile.
As further improvement, above-mentioned schedule information module comprises with lower module:
Spread module, be used to divide Resource Block in the OFDM frame, and from this user's initial frequency-time block along time shaft and/or frequency axis distribute continuous unallocated frequency-time block to give this user, form the continuous pre-allocation resource picture mosaic of this user;
Judge module is used to realize export this user's pre-allocation of resources information when this user's pre-allocation resource picture mosaic is being satisfied this QoS of customer and required.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: in the OFDM wireless resource allocation, guarantee that the resource that each user obtains at every frame is continuous, make that the base station end can be with the mapping relations between simpler mode management resource and the user, can reduce simultaneously the power that the user receives, improve whole orthogonal frequency division multiple access system capacity, guarantee each user's minimum speed limit requirement, can also conveniently expand, satisfy higher QoS requirement.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is handed over the time frequency space of location system wireless Resource Block for orthogonal frequency and is divided schematic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 3 is handed over the location frame for orthogonal frequency and is spread schematic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 4 is the schematic diagram of rectangle Resource Block;
Accompanying drawing 5 is a resource picture mosaic schematic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 6 is the distribution method flow chart of the embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 7 is for specifying the flow chart of initial frequency-time block in the distribution method of the embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 8 spreads flow chart in the distribution method of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of wireless resource of OFDMA system distributor, it comprises with lower module:
Acquisition module 1, whole user profile of connecting system and each quality of services for users require information, and output relevant information when being used to gather present frame;
Schedule information module 2, be used to divide Resource Block in the OFDM frame, receive each user profile and quality of service requirement information, calculate respectively when satisfying each quality of services for users requirement, can distribute to this user's Resource Block picture mosaic respectively, and export each user's pre-allocation of resources information;
Resource distribution module 3 is used to receive each user's pre-allocation of resources information, chooses the pre-allocation of resources information that can satisfy some users that the entire system performance requires and carries out resource allocation, distributes the back to upgrade each user profile.
Described schedule information module comprises with lower module:
Spread module 4, be used to divide Resource Block in the OFDM frame, and from this user's initial frequency-time block along time shaft and/or frequency axis distribute continuous unallocated frequency-time to ask that piece gives this user, form this continuous user pre-allocation resource picture mosaic;
Judge module 5 is used to realize that the pre-allocation resource picture mosaic as this user satisfying the pre-allocation of resources information that is output as this user when this QoS of customer requires.
Consult Fig. 2, the subcarrier of OFDMA has orthogonal property, can realize that user's multiple access inserts, utilize this characteristic, OFDMA wireless resource block (OFDMA frame) is divided in frequency domain and time-domain, and frequency domain is made of N frequency band (subchannel), and each frequency band is made of one group of subcarrier, time-domain was made of M the time period (time slot), and each time period is made of several OFDMA symbols.Frequency-time block that the transmission elementary cell was made up of a frequency band and time period (Frequency-Time Block is called for short FTB), total N * M FTB can be assigned with in an OFDMA frame, and wherein any one FTB is expressed as b N, m(n ∈ 0 ..., N-1}, m ∈ 0 ..., M-1}).The user can according to dynamic demand in some time period at some subcarrier transmitting data.
OFDMA system resource allocation algorithm of the present invention carries out simultaneously in frequency domain and time-domain, with FTB is that elementary cell is distributed, guaranteeing that resource that each user distributes is on the continuous basis in the OFDMA frame, realization makes full use of the OFDMA Resource Block, satisfies each user's data rate requirement simultaneously.Each FTB in the OFDMA frame is carried out the branch timing, should consider transmitting power and the Modulation and Coding Scheme (Modulationand Coding Scheme is called for short MCS) of each FTB, make and under the prerequisite that meets certain requirements, realize making full use of of power system capacity.Suppose that the current access total number of users of OFDMA system is K, k user is R in the rate requirement of present frame k(unit is bps), its error code of service rate require to be BER kSuppose to use qam mode and desired phase to detect, the data capacity that user k obtains at FTB (bit) is:
c n，m，k＝ΔB×ΔT×log 2(1+β kγ n，m，k)
β wherein kRepresentative and user's error rate BER kRelevant parameter, it is considered to the signal to noise ratio difference between M-ray QAM and the channel capacity, for example, for additive white Gaussian noise channel (AWGN), β kBe expressed as:
β k = 1.5 - ln ( 5 × BER k )
Shown in Figure 4 and 5, the rectangle Resource Block B[(n that the elementary cell of resource allocation is made up of several continuous FTB among the present invention s, m s), (n e, m e)], n sAnd m sRepresent the starting point of Resource Block frequency domain and time-domain respectively, n eAnd m eRepresent the terminal point of Resource Block frequency domain and time-domain respectively, if this Resource Block is an i Resource Block distributing to user k, then Resource Block can be expressed as B K, i[(n s, m s), (n e, m e)], distribute the Resource Block B of plurality of continuous by giving certain user, realize continuous dispensing to the OFDMA resource.Distribute to this user's Resource Block picture mosaic among Fig. 5 and formed, two kinds of different compound modes are arranged by 22 FTB.
The present invention is finally allocated to each user is continuous resource piece picture mosaic BP in the OFDMA frame, and the Resource Block picture mosaic is by some continuous Resource Block B[(n s, m s), (n e, m e)] form, and each Resource Block is by (n e-n s+ 1) * (m e-m s+ 1) individual FTB forms.Because the data capacity that each user obtains on each FTB is c N, m, kSo user k is at Resource Block B[(n s, m s), (n e, m e)] data capacity obtained just is
BC k , i [ ( n s , m s ) , ( n e , m e ) ] = Σ n = n s n e Σ m = m s m e c n , m , k
User k is at Resource Block B[(n s, m s), (n e, m e)] the speed BR that obtains K, i[(n s, m s), (n e, m e)] be
BR k , i [ ( n s , m s ) , ( n e , m e ) ] = 1 T BC k , i [ ( n s , m s ) , ( n e , m e ) ]
Wherein T is a frame duration.Correspondingly, user k is at Resource Block picture mosaic BP kThe speed BPR of last acquisition kJust be
BPR k = 1 T Σ i = 1 I BC k , i [ ( n s , m s ) , ( n e , m e ) ]
Wherein I distributes to the number of resource blocks of user k for this frame scheduling.If establishing the area of FTB is 1, so Resource Block picture mosaic area S kCan obtain (as Fig. 4, the area of Resource Block picture mosaic is 12) by following formula
S k = Σ i = 1 I Σ n = n s n e Σ m = m s m e B [ ( n s , m s ) , ( n e , m e ) ]
Consult Fig. 3, when calculating user's pre-allocation of resources information, determine initial frequency-time block (InitialFTB, be called for short IFTB) as starting point, according to the respective service quality requirement respectively according to time shaft or resource axle, spread the Resource Block that to distribute to this user, till the all-mass that the distribution of Resource Block can be satisfied the user requires.
Consult Fig. 6, a kind of wireless resource of OFDMA system distribution method, it may further comprise the steps:
A1, partiting step: promptly the wireless resource block of each OFDM frame is divided according to frequency domain and time-domain simultaneously, frequency domain is made of N frequency band subchannel, each frequency band is made of one group of subcarrier, time-domain was made of M time period, and each time period is made of several OFDM symbols; Frequency-time block that the transmission elementary cell was made up of a frequency band and time period, always total N * M continuous frequency-time block can be assigned with;
A2, acquisition step: whole user profile of connecting system and each quality of services for users require information when gathering present frame;
A3, search for unallocated FTB, specify initial frequency-time block IFTB;
A4, preassignment step: calculate when satisfying each QoS of customer requirement respectively, but from initial frequency-time block along time shaft and/or preassignment frequency-time block of spreading continuously of frequency axis, as the current pre-allocation of resources information of this user;
A5, allocation step: add up each user's resource allocation information, choose and to satisfy some users that the entire system performance requires, carry out resource allocation according to this user's pre-allocation of resources information;
A6, step of updating: according to resource allocation result, whole user profile and each quality of services for users require information in the update system;
A7, judge whether resource is assigned with end, if, then finish, if not, return steps A 2.
Consult Fig. 7, search in the step of unallocated FTB, may further comprise the steps again:
B1, initialization time slot sequence number m=0;
B2, judge whether time slot sequence number m equals M, if, enter the B3 step, if not, enter the B4 step;
B3, can not find unappropriated FTB, return FTB (1 ,-1), finish search;
B4, initialization subchannel sequence number n=0;
B5, judgement FTB this moment (n, m) whether unallocated, if, enter the B6 step, if not, the B7 step entered;
B6, (n m), finishes search to return FTB;
B7, enter next son channel, i.e. n=n+1;
B8, when n=N, enter next time slot, i.e. m=m+1;
B9, return step B1.
Can realize the search of unallocated FTB by above-mentioned steps, one of them unappropriated FTB can be used as this user's IFTB, be used to determine to spread the starting point of distribution, using the unappropriated FTB step of aforementioned search in follow-up step is to be used for realizing spreading distribution, different is in step B5, need to judge simultaneously this moment the FTB of this moment (n, m) whether adjacent with current Resource Block.IFTB and the unallocated resource picture mosaic sum that is adjacent are through distributing to user's continuous pre-allocation resource picture mosaic after spreading.
When specifically spreading process,, may further comprise the steps referring to Fig. 8:
C1, this user's pre-allocation resource picture mosaic of initialization are empty, and initialization resource picture mosaic number of resource blocks is 0;
C2, confirm the IFTB that this Resource Block spreads;
C3, whether judge IFTB and pre-allocation resource piece picture mosaic speed sum more than or equal to this user's minimum requirements speed, if, then enter the C4 step, if not, enter the C6 step;
C4, IFTB add the picture mosaic of pre-allocation resource piece, enter the C5 step;
C5, this user add the satisfied users set, and step finishes;
C6, the search unallocated FTB adjacent with current FTB;
C7, should be unappropriated FTB add in the pre-allocation resource picture mosaic, return the C3 step.
Unallocated FTB can be the arbitrary unallocated FTB in the present frame Resource Block, treats that the present frame Resource Block is assigned with when finishing, and this unallocated FTB also can be the arbitrary unallocated FTB in the next frame Resource Block.
Whether judge module 5 decides to spread according to each user's of system definition qos parameter and finishes, should be spreading the module 4 current pre-allocation resource piece picture mosaics that spread to as the foundation of judging.According to the simplest situation, system should satisfy the pre-allocation resource piece picture mosaic of distributing to the user and satisfy this user's minimum speed limit and require:
BPR k≥R k
This requirement also can require according to user's actual mass to redefine, so the method for salary distribution of the present invention is conveniently expanded.
The user of unallocated Resource Block picture mosaic set is divided into the satisfied users set and is unsatisfied with the user, the foundation of choosing as resource distribution module 3.When the pre-allocation resource piece picture mosaic of calculating when schedule information module 2 can be satisfied requiring of user, be satisfied users just, otherwise for being unsatisfied with the user.
In judge module, judge implementation can for, if the BPR of pre-allocation resource piece picture mosaic kGreater than R kThen active user k is divided into κ S(satisfied users set), this user's pre-allocation resource piece picture mosaic are calculated and are finished the Resource Block picture mosaic of calculating next user; If the BPR of pre-allocation resource piece picture mosaic kLess than R kAnd can continue to spread, then carry out and spread module; If the BPR of pre-allocation resource piece picture mosaic kLess than R kAnd can not continue to spread, then active user k is divided into κ U(dissatisfied user's set), this user's pre-allocation resource piece picture mosaic is calculated and is finished the Resource Block picture mosaic of calculating next user.
κ wherein SAnd κ UAll belong to set κ, this set comprises all, and this need carry out all users of pre-allocation resource piece picture mosaic computing.
Resource distribution module 3 can be chosen a resource allocation as this iteration from all Resource Block picture mosaics of calculating by schedule information module 2.The principle that resource distribution module 3 is chosen can for:
If κ S≠  chooses the user k * = arg max k * ∈ κ S BPR k S k Pairing Resource Block picture mosaic BP K*Distribution as these user resources; If κ S= chooses the user k * = arg max k * ∈ κ U BPR k S k Pairing Resource Block picture mosaic BP K*Distribution as these user resources.
Above-listed detailed description is at the specifying of possible embodiments of the present invention, and this embodiment is not in order to limiting claim of the present invention, and the equivalence that all the present invention of disengaging do is implemented or change, all should be contained in the claim of this case.

Claims (8)

1. wireless resource of OFDMA system distribution method, it is characterized in that: it may further comprise the steps:
A, partiting step: promptly the wireless resource block of each OFDM frame is divided according to frequency domain and time-domain simultaneously, frequency domain is made of N frequency band subchannel, each frequency band is made of one group of subcarrier, time-domain was made of M time period, and each time period is made of several OFDM symbols; Frequency-time block that the transmission elementary cell was made up of a frequency band and time period, always total N * M continuous frequency-time block can be assigned with;
B, acquisition step: whole user profile of connecting system and each quality of services for users require information when gathering present frame;
C, preassignment step: calculate when satisfying each QoS of customer requirement respectively, but from initial frequency-time block along time shaft and/or preassignment frequency-time block of spreading continuously of frequency axis, as the current pre-allocation of resources information of this user;
D, allocation step: add up each user's resource allocation information, choose and to satisfy some users that the entire system performance requires, carry out resource allocation according to user's pre-allocation of resources information;
E, step of updating: according to resource allocation result, whole user profile and each quality of services for users require information in the update system;
F, repeating step b, c, d, e are distributed fully until the present frame resource.
2. a kind of wireless resource of OFDMA system distribution method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: among the step c, may further comprise the steps again:
C1, initial frequency-time block that unallocated frequency-time block is this user of appointment;
C2, spread step: from initial frequency-time block along time shaft and/or frequency axis distribute continuous unallocated frequency-time block to give this user, form this continuous user pre-allocation resource picture mosaic;
C3, determining step: judge whether the continuous pre-allocation resource picture mosaic that this user is assigned with can satisfy this QoS of customer requirement; If, confirm that the pre-allocation resource picture mosaic of this moment is this user's a pre-allocation of resources information, described preassignment step finishes; If not, return and spread step reallocation.
3. a kind of wireless resource of OFDMA system distribution method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the unallocated frequency-time block that spreads in the step is the interior arbitrary unallocated frequency-time block of present frame Resource Block.
4. a kind of wireless resource of OFDMA system distribution method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the unallocated frequency-time block that spreads in the step is the interior arbitrary unallocated frequency-time block of next frame Resource Block.Frequency-time block.
5. according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described a kind of wireless resource of OFDMA system distribution methods, it is characterized in that: in the steps d, add up each user's pre-allocation of resources information, choose and to satisfy the user that the entire system performance requires, carry out resource allocation according to whole pre-allocation of resources information of this user.
6. according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described a kind of wireless resource of OFDMA system distribution methods, it is characterized in that: in the steps d, described quality of services for users requires to be the minimum speed limit requirement.
7. wireless resource of OFDMA system distributor, it is characterized in that: it comprises with lower module: acquisition module, when being used to gather present frame whole user profile of connecting system and each quality of services for users require information, and export these information;
The schedule information module, be used to divide Resource Block in the OFDM frame, receive each user profile and quality of service requirement information, calculate respectively when satisfying each quality of services for users requirement, can distribute to this user's continuous Resource Block picture mosaic respectively, and export each user's pre-allocation of resources information;
Resource distribution module is used to receive each user's pre-allocation of resources information, chooses the pre-allocation of resources information that can satisfy some users that the entire system performance requires and carries out resource allocation, distributes the back to upgrade each user profile.
8. a kind of wireless resource of OFDMA system distributor according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described schedule information module comprises with lower module:
Spread module, be used to divide Resource Block in the OFDM frame, and from this user's initial frequency-time block along time shaft and/or frequency axis distribute continuous unallocated frequency-time block to give this user, form this continuous user pre-allocation resource picture mosaic;
Judge module is used to realize export this user resources preassignment information when this user's pre-allocation resource picture mosaic is being satisfied this QoS of customer and required.
CN2007100323722A 2007-12-11 2007-12-11 Wireless resource allocation method and device of OFDMA system Expired - Fee Related CN101184318B (en)

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