CN101177253A - Method for preparing hollow micrometre carbon ball with structured size - Google Patents

Method for preparing hollow micrometre carbon ball with structured size Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101177253A
CN101177253A CNA200610114339XA CN200610114339A CN101177253A CN 101177253 A CN101177253 A CN 101177253A CN A200610114339X A CNA200610114339X A CN A200610114339XA CN 200610114339 A CN200610114339 A CN 200610114339A CN 101177253 A CN101177253 A CN 101177253A
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polystyrene
high polymer
monomer
conduction high
ball
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CN100537422C (en
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付绍云
肖红梅
朱路平
杨洋
杨果
杨娇萍
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Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method for hollow micron carbon capsule, which is characterized in that a polystyrene microballoon sphere is added into the water, the solution with a polystyrene microballoon sphere is dispersed by ultrasonic, so the conductive superpolymer monomer is added into the solution with the ethylene microballoon sphere, and then is mixed round and dispersed to form a mixed system; the oxidant solution is slowly dripped into the mixed system to get an intermediate product after 3 to 6 hours; the intermediate product is washed to be neutral by deionized water, and then a conductive superpolymer-polystyrene sphere is obtained after the intermediate product is cleaned with ethanol and dried in the air; the conductive superpolymer-polystyrene sphere is soaked into tetrahydrofuran and is centrifugal after 10 to 40 hours, thereby the hollow conductive superpolymer-polystyrene sphere is obtained after dried at a temperature of 50 DEG C to 80 DEG C; then the hollow conductive superpolymer-polystyrene sphere is arranged into a porcelain boat, after the vacuum heat treatment for 1.5 to 4.5 hours under the nitrogen, a hollow carbon capsule with regular size through natural cooling to ambient temperature. The invention has the advantages of low cost for raw material, heat treatment under the condition of air without catalyst, and regular size of the product.

Description

A kind of preparation method of hollow carbon micron-spheres of structured size
Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of hollow carbon micron-spheres of simple efficient production structured size.
Background technology
Carbon material is the important materials closely bound up with the human civilization progress, and the carbon simple substance and the carbon compound of various different shapes have been made huge contribution in human development.In recent years spherical carbon material because its in biological field and electronic applications wide application prospect and caused the great interest of people.The carbon material of ball-like structure synthetic has chemical vapour deposition, plasma-deposited, catalyse pyrolysis, catalytic reduction method and arc process etc. at present.And the most widely used preparation method is an arc process.This method is at high temperature carried out arc-over reaction with pulsed current, press in needing one to be the atmospheric reaction chamber of 1-10, and the product that obtains needs a purge process.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: a kind of preparation method of hollow carbon micron-spheres of advantages of simplicity and high efficiency structured size is provided, and the material cost of this method is cheap, does not need catalyzer, products made thereby structured size under the thermal treatment air conditions.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The invention provides the preparation method of the hollow carbon micron-spheres of structured size, it is characterized in that: the regular polystyrene micron ball of preparation size at first, under the polystyrene spheres existence condition, prepare conduction high polymer-polystyrene spheres that conduction high polymer evenly coats then, thereby obtain the conduction high polymer ball of hollow again by the polystyrene in tetrahydrofuran (THF) flush away conduction high polymer-polystyrene spheres, at last by at a certain temperature the conduction high polymer ball being heat-treated the hollow carbon balls that obtains structured size.Described hollow carbon balls diameter is between 200-400nm, and wall thickness is between 10-50nm.
Its concrete steps are as follows;
1) preparation of hollow conduction high polymer ball;
A, add the ratio of 1 gram polystyrene micron ball, polystyrene micron ball is added in the entry the ultrasonic aqueous solution that made it fully disperse to obtain being dispersed with polystyrene micron ball in 30 minutes in every 50ml water;
B, the conduction high polymer monomer added be dispersed with in the aqueous solution of polystyrene micron ball, fully disperse under the magnetic agitation condition, obtain conduction high polymer monomer/polystyrene micron ball mixed system;
The mass ratio of described conduction high polymer monomer and polystyrene micron ball is 0.5-3;
C, oxidizing agent solution slowly is added drop-wise in conduction high polymer monomer/polystyrene micron ball mixed system with certain drop rate, drips and finish afterreaction and continue 3-6h and obtain intermediate product;
Described oxidizing agent solution is iron trichloride or ammonium persulfate solution;
Described oxidizing agent solution concentration is 0.7-1.5M;
The drop rate of described oxidizing agent solution is 7-20ml/h;
Described oxygenant and conduction high polymer monomer mole ratio are 1-4;
D, intermediate product earlier is washed till neutrality with deionized water, and then after cleaning with ethanol, 50-80 ℃ of dry 6-10h under the air atmosphere obtains conduction high polymer-polystyrene spheres that conduction high polymer evenly coats;
E, conduction high polymer-polystyrene spheres that conduction high polymer is evenly coated are soaked in 10-40h in the tetrahydrofuran (THF), and then through centrifugal, 50-80 ℃ of dry 6-10h under air atmosphere obtains hollow conduction high polymer ball with centrifugal back products therefrom;
2) the hollow conduction high polymer ball that obtains is placed porcelain boat, under nitrogen atmosphere, behind the vacuum heat treatment 1.5-4.5h, naturally cool to room temperature again, promptly obtain the hollow carbon micron-spheres that diameter is the structured size of 10-50nm for the 200-400nm wall thickness.
Being prepared as follows of described polystyrene micron ball used in the present invention:
A, styrene monomer and methacrylic acid monomer are dissolved in the deionized water, under mechanical stirring, fully disperse, obtain containing the mixed system of styrene monomer and methacrylic acid monomer;
The volume ratio of described styrene monomer, methacrylic acid monomer and deionized water is 18: 2: 140;
B, Sodium Persulfate fully is dissolved in the deionized water, obtaining concentration is the Sodium Persulfate solution of 0.04M;
C, Sodium Persulfate solution add and contain in the mixed system of styrene monomer and methacrylic acid monomer, and mechanical stirring is after 20 minutes, reheat to 80 ℃, and 80 ℃ continue 12h down, obtain white suspension;
Described Sodium Persulfate solution is 1: 8 with the volume ratio that contains the mixed system of styrene monomer and methacrylic acid monomer;
D, centrifugal white suspension, the white depositions 60 ℃ of dry 12h under air atmosphere with obtaining after centrifugal obtain 200nm-400nm polystyrene micron ball.
Described conduction high polymer monomer is aniline, pyrroles or thiophene.
Described 2) thermal treatment temp is 750-1100 ℃ in.
Compared with prior art, the method for preparing hollow carbon balls provided by the invention has following advantage:
1, hollow carbon balls purity height provided by the invention, good dispersity, structured size is in the 200-400nm scope;
2, the required material cost of preparation method provided by the invention is cheap;
3, preparation method provided by the invention does not need special conversion unit, does not need catalyzer during thermal treatment;
4, whole process of preparation provided by the invention is removed outside the last thermal treatment, all carries out under air conditions, need not nitrogen protection;
5, preparation method provided by the invention can be simply by the monomeric amount of conduction high polymer that adds just can different wall hollow carbon balls.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 and Fig. 1 are scanning electron microscope (SEM) photo and X-ray energy spectrum (EDX) analytical results of the hollow carbon balls for preparing;
Wherein: the SEM figure of Fig. 1-hollow carbon balls;
The EDX figure of Fig. 2-hollow carbon balls.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, preparation wall thickness are about the hollow carbon balls of 15nm:
1) preparation of polystyrene microsphere
A, 18 parts of styrene monomers and 2 parts of methacrylic acid monomers are dissolved in 140 parts of deionized waters, under mechanical stirring, fully disperse, obtain containing the mixed system of styrene monomer and methacrylic acid monomer;
B, Sodium Persulfate fully is dissolved in the deionized water, obtaining concentration is the Sodium Persulfate solution of 0.04M;
C, be that the Sodium Persulfate solution of 0.04M adds and to contain in the mixed system of styrene monomer and methacrylic acid monomer with 20ml concentration, mechanical stirring is after 20 minutes, reheat to 80 ℃, and 80 ℃ continue 12h down, obtain white suspension; Described Sodium Persulfate solution is 1: 8 with the volume ratio that contains the mixed system of styrene monomer and methacrylic acid monomer;
D, centrifugal white suspension, the white depositions 60 ℃ of dry 12h under air atmosphere with obtaining after centrifugal obtain 200nm-400nm polystyrene micron ball.
2) preparation hollow polypyrrole ball;
A, take by weighing the 1g polystyrene spheres in 50ml water, the ultrasonic aqueous solution that made it fully disperse to obtain being dispersed with polystyrene micron ball in 30 minutes;
B, the pyrrole monomer of measuring 0.5ml join in the aqueous solution that is dispersed with polystyrene micron ball, fully disperse under the magnetic agitation condition, obtain pyrrole monomer/polystyrene micron ball mixed system;
C, be that the liquor ferri trichloridi of 0.7M slowly is added drop-wise in pyrrole monomer/polystyrene micron ball mixed system with the drop rate of 7ml/h with 10.3ml concentration, drip and finish afterreaction and continue 3h and obtain intermediate product;
D, intermediate product earlier is washed till neutrality with deionized water, and then after cleaning with ethanol, the following 50 ℃ of dry 6h of air atmosphere obtain polypyrrole-polystyrene spheres that polypyrrole evenly coats;
E, polypyrrole-polystyrene spheres is soaked in 10h in the tetrahydrofuran (THF), then through centrifugal, 50 ℃ of dry 6h under air atmosphere obtain hollow polypyrrole ball with centrifugal back products therefrom;
3) the hollow polypyrrole ball that obtains is placed porcelain boat, under nitrogen atmosphere, behind 930 ℃ of thermal treatment 1.5h of vacuum, make it naturally cool to room temperature and promptly obtain the hollow carbon micron-spheres that diameter is the structured size of 15nm for the 200-400nm wall thickness.
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photo and X-ray energy spectrum (EDX) analytical results of the hollow carbon balls of the present invention's preparation are seen Figure 1A-B respectively.
Embodiment 2, preparation wall thickness are about the hollow carbon balls of 35nm:
1) preparation of 200-400nm polystyrene microsphere is with embodiment 1;
2) preparation of hollow polyaniline ball;
A, take by weighing the 1g polystyrene spheres in 50ml water, the ultrasonic aqueous solution that made it fully disperse to obtain being dispersed with polystyrene micron ball in 30 minutes;
B, the aniline monomer of measuring 2ml join in the aqueous solution that is dispersed with polystyrene micron ball, fully disperse under the magnetic agitation condition, obtain aniline monomer/polystyrene micron ball mixed system;
C, to be the 1.1M ammonium persulfate solution with 50ml concentration slowly be added drop-wise in aniline monomer/polystyrene micron ball mixed system with the drop rate of 14ml/h, drips to finish afterreaction and continue 4.5h and obtain intermediate product;
D, intermediate product earlier is washed till neutrality with deionized water, and then after cleaning with ethanol, the following 65 ℃ of dry 8h of air atmosphere obtain polyaniline-polystyrene spheres that polyaniline evenly coats;
E, polyaniline-polystyrene spheres is soaked in 25h in the tetrahydrofuran (THF), then through centrifugal, 65 ℃ of dry 8zh under air atmosphere obtain hollow polyaniline ball with centrifugal back products therefrom;
3) the hollow polyaniline ball that obtains is placed porcelain boat, under nitrogen atmosphere, behind 750 ℃ of thermal treatment 2h of vacuum, make it naturally cool to room temperature and promptly obtain the hollow carbon micron-spheres that diameter is the structured size of 35nm for the 200-400nm wall thickness.
Embodiment 3, preparation wall thickness are about the hollow carbon balls of 50nm:
1) preparation of 200-400nm polystyrene microsphere is with embodiment 1;
2) preparation of hollow Polythiophene ball;
A, take by weighing the 1g polystyrene spheres in 50ml water, the ultrasonic aqueous solution that made it fully disperse to obtain being dispersed with polystyrene micron ball in 30 minutes;
B, the thiophene monomer of measuring 2.85ml join in the aqueous solution that is dispersed with polystyrene micron ball, fully disperse under the magnetic agitation condition, obtain thiophene monomer/polystyrene micron ball mixed system;
C, to be the 1.5M liquor ferri trichloridi with 94.4ml concentration slowly be added drop-wise in thiophene monomer/polystyrene micron ball mixed system with the drop rate of 20ml/h, drips to finish afterreaction and continue 6h and obtain intermediate product;
D, intermediate product earlier is washed till neutrality with deionized water, and then after cleaning with ethanol, the following 80 ℃ of dry 10h of air atmosphere obtain Polythiophene-polystyrene spheres that Polythiophene evenly coats;
E, Polythiophene-polystyrene spheres is soaked in 40h in the tetrahydrofuran (THF), then through centrifugal, 80 ℃ of dry 10h under air atmosphere obtain hollow Polythiophene ball with centrifugal back products therefrom;
3) the hollow Polythiophene ball that obtains is placed porcelain boat, under nitrogen atmosphere, behind 1100 ℃ of thermal treatment 4.5h of vacuum, make it naturally cool to room temperature and promptly obtain the hollow carbon micron-spheres that diameter is the structured size of 50nm for the 200-400nm wall thickness.

Claims (5)

1. the preparation method of the hollow carbon micron-spheres of a structured size, its concrete steps are as follows:
1) preparation of hollow conduction high polymer ball;
A, add the ratio of 1 gram polystyrene micron ball, polystyrene micron ball is added in the entry the ultrasonic aqueous solution that made it fully disperse to obtain being dispersed with polystyrene micron ball in 30 minutes in every 50ml water;
B, the conduction high polymer monomer added be dispersed with in the aqueous solution of polystyrene micron ball, fully disperse under the magnetic agitation condition, obtain conduction high polymer monomer/polystyrene micron ball mixed system;
The mass ratio of described conduction high polymer monomer and polystyrene micron ball is 0.5-3;
C, oxidizing agent solution slowly is added drop-wise in conduction high polymer monomer/polystyrene micron ball mixed system with certain drop rate, drips and finish afterreaction and continue 3-6h and obtain intermediate product;
Described oxidizing agent solution is iron trichloride or ammonium persulfate solution;
Described oxidizing agent solution concentration is 0.7-1.5M;
The drop rate of described oxidizing agent solution is 7-20ml/h;
Described oxygenant and conduction high polymer monomer mole ratio are 1-4;
D, intermediate product earlier is washed till neutrality with deionized water, and then after cleaning with ethanol, 50-80 ℃ of dry 6-10h under the air atmosphere obtains conduction high polymer-polystyrene spheres that conduction high polymer evenly coats;
E, conduction high polymer-polystyrene spheres that conduction high polymer is evenly coated are soaked in 10-40h in the tetrahydrofuran (THF), and then through centrifugal, 50-80 ℃ of dry 6-10h under air atmosphere obtains hollow conduction high polymer ball with centrifugal back products therefrom;
2) the hollow conduction high polymer ball that obtains is placed porcelain boat, under nitrogen atmosphere, behind the vacuum heat treatment 1.5-4.5h, naturally cool to room temperature again, promptly obtain the hollow carbon micron-spheres that diameter is the structured size of 10-50nm for the 200-400nm wall thickness.
2. by the method for preparing hollow carbon balls of the described structured size of claim 1, it is characterized in that being prepared as follows of described polystyrene micron ball:
A, styrene monomer and methacrylic acid monomer are dissolved in the deionized water, under mechanical stirring, fully disperse, obtain containing the mixed system of styrene monomer and methacrylic acid monomer;
The volume ratio of described styrene monomer, methacrylic acid monomer and deionized water is 18: 2: 140;
B, Sodium Persulfate fully is dissolved in the deionized water, obtaining concentration is the Sodium Persulfate solution of 0.04M;
C, Sodium Persulfate solution added contain in the mixed system of styrene monomer and methacrylic acid monomer, mechanical stirring is after 20 minutes, reheat to 80 ℃, and 80 ℃ continue 12h down, obtain white suspension;
Described Sodium Persulfate solution is 1: 8 with the volume ratio that contains the mixed system of styrene monomer and methacrylic acid monomer;
D, centrifugal white suspension, the white depositions 60 ℃ of dry 12h under air atmosphere with obtaining after centrifugal obtain polystyrene micron ball.
3. by the method for preparing hollow carbon balls of the described structured size of claim 1, it is characterized in that described conduction high polymer monomer is aniline, pyrroles or thiophene.
4. by the method for preparing hollow carbon balls of the described structured size of claim 1, it is characterized in that described step 2) in oxidizing agent solution refer to iron trichloride and ammonium persulfate solution;
5. by the method for preparing hollow carbon balls of the described structured size of claim 1, it is characterized in that described step 2) in thermal treatment temp be 750-1100 ℃.
CNB200610114339XA 2006-11-07 2006-11-07 Method for preparing hollow micrometre carbon ball with structured size Expired - Fee Related CN100537422C (en)

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CN102020269A (en) * 2011-01-07 2011-04-20 中国科学院化学研究所 Hollow carbon sphere and preparation method thereof
CN102344552A (en) * 2010-08-02 2012-02-08 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Preparation method of three-dimensional chrysanthemum-shaped poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanostructural material
CN102391510A (en) * 2011-07-13 2012-03-28 扬州大学 Production method for synthesizing polypyrrole hollow spheres by self template process
CN103848413A (en) * 2012-12-05 2014-06-11 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 Preparation method of mesoporous carbon sphere material
CN105712317A (en) * 2016-01-30 2016-06-29 山西大学 Preparation method of nano-contained hollow carbon material
CN106276843A (en) * 2015-05-12 2017-01-04 北京化工大学 A kind of method preparing monodisperse hollow carbon microspheres
CN110482521A (en) * 2019-07-24 2019-11-22 厦门大学 A kind of preparation method of hollow carbon balls
CN110498921A (en) * 2019-08-05 2019-11-26 江南大学 A kind of preparation method of the PS@PANI conductive material drawn based on electrostatic self-absorbing
CN111540614A (en) * 2020-06-03 2020-08-14 梁二波 Nitrogen-doped porous carbon hollow sphere supercapacitor electrode active material and preparation method thereof
CN113083305A (en) * 2021-03-12 2021-07-09 北京化工大学常州先进材料研究院 Fe-doped hollow core-shell carbon sphere electrocatalyst material and preparation method thereof
CN114946857A (en) * 2022-06-28 2022-08-30 吉林师范大学 Hollow polythiophene photocatalytic antibacterial agent and preparation method thereof

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Cited By (17)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102344552A (en) * 2010-08-02 2012-02-08 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Preparation method of three-dimensional chrysanthemum-shaped poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanostructural material
CN102344552B (en) * 2010-08-02 2012-10-03 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Preparation method of three-dimensional chrysanthemum-shaped poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanostructural material
CN102020269A (en) * 2011-01-07 2011-04-20 中国科学院化学研究所 Hollow carbon sphere and preparation method thereof
CN102020269B (en) * 2011-01-07 2013-05-29 中国科学院化学研究所 Hollow carbon sphere and preparation method thereof
CN102391510A (en) * 2011-07-13 2012-03-28 扬州大学 Production method for synthesizing polypyrrole hollow spheres by self template process
CN102391510B (en) * 2011-07-13 2012-12-26 扬州大学 Production method for synthesizing polypyrrole hollow spheres by self template process
CN103848413B (en) * 2012-12-05 2016-08-10 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 A kind of preparation method of mesoporous carbon spheres material
CN103848413A (en) * 2012-12-05 2014-06-11 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 Preparation method of mesoporous carbon sphere material
CN106276843A (en) * 2015-05-12 2017-01-04 北京化工大学 A kind of method preparing monodisperse hollow carbon microspheres
CN105712317A (en) * 2016-01-30 2016-06-29 山西大学 Preparation method of nano-contained hollow carbon material
CN110482521A (en) * 2019-07-24 2019-11-22 厦门大学 A kind of preparation method of hollow carbon balls
CN110482521B (en) * 2019-07-24 2021-04-06 厦门大学 Preparation method of hollow carbon spheres
CN110498921A (en) * 2019-08-05 2019-11-26 江南大学 A kind of preparation method of the PS@PANI conductive material drawn based on electrostatic self-absorbing
CN111540614A (en) * 2020-06-03 2020-08-14 梁二波 Nitrogen-doped porous carbon hollow sphere supercapacitor electrode active material and preparation method thereof
CN113083305A (en) * 2021-03-12 2021-07-09 北京化工大学常州先进材料研究院 Fe-doped hollow core-shell carbon sphere electrocatalyst material and preparation method thereof
CN114946857A (en) * 2022-06-28 2022-08-30 吉林师范大学 Hollow polythiophene photocatalytic antibacterial agent and preparation method thereof
CN114946857B (en) * 2022-06-28 2023-11-14 吉林师范大学 Hollow polythiophene photocatalysis antibacterial agent and preparation method thereof

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