CN101172811A - Self-thermal insulation solid brick, building block or perforated brick for wall and producing method thereof - Google Patents

Self-thermal insulation solid brick, building block or perforated brick for wall and producing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101172811A
CN101172811A CNA2006101501864A CN200610150186A CN101172811A CN 101172811 A CN101172811 A CN 101172811A CN A2006101501864 A CNA2006101501864 A CN A2006101501864A CN 200610150186 A CN200610150186 A CN 200610150186A CN 101172811 A CN101172811 A CN 101172811A
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brick
building block
self
wall
cement
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CNA2006101501864A
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Chinese (zh)
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刘贵堂
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Individual
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Priority to CNA2006101501864A priority Critical patent/CN101172811A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
    • C04B20/1055—Coating or impregnating with inorganic materials
    • C04B20/1077—Cements, e.g. waterglass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials

Abstract

The invention discloses a new wall self-insulating brick or building block, and the preparation method and the application thereof. The wall self-insulating brick or building block contains the following conponents by weight: 0.5 to 3.0 parts of cement and 0.05 to 4.5 parts of vermiculite. The method comprises the steps as follows: mixing the components above, adding water with the weight of 30 to 40 percent of the whole weight of the mixture, and pressing the mixture by the traditional brickmaking process to produce the self-insulating brick or building block without calcining and drying. The self-insulating brick or building bloc disclosed in the invention is a burning free product that the unit weight is 300 to 450 kg/m3, the compressin strength is 1.0 to 3.0 MPa, the thermal conductivity is 0.098 to 0.13 w/m per k, the water absorptivity is 8 to 12 percent, and the heat preservation capability is eight times than that of the common brick. The self-insulating brick or building block has the advantages of energy conservation, sound obstruct, heat preservation, fire prevention, and bearing, therefore, the invention is architectural heat insulating material with good performance.

Description

A kind of wall self-insulation solid brick, building block or perforated brick and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of material of construction, relate in particular to wall self-insulation solid brick, building block or perforated brick for building and preparation method thereof, belong to building material field.
Background technology
Defective that adopts at present the lagging material of styrofoam, compact substance styrofoam and thermal insulation mortar (cement mixing granular polystyrene) all to exist technically on the insulation market self can't to overcome and part not fully up to expectations.
Styrofoam is the organic materials that extracts from oil.Temperature influence sensitivity, molecule activity are very active.Heat resisting temperature has only 70 ℃, and when experiment recorded 70 ℃, size changing rate reached 5% after 48 hours.Area, Northeast China outdoor temperature in winter is-45 ℃～-20 ℃, and southern area metope in summer temperature can reach 70 ℃～75 ℃.The styrofoam material is subjected to the acute variation of outside air temperature, just can't change by nature to expand and warpage, and above digital proof, warpage, cracking are unavoidably.Use styrofoam to go wrong and be inevitable, the time length that goes wrong depends on the bonding object, selects for use ether of cellulose and vinylformic acid as cohesive body usually, the mixed cement mortar.These three kinds of materials all have aging time and thermal conductivity, can not stop warpage, the cracking of styrofoam, also can further aggravate the conduction of temperature.The styrofoam construction is gone up and is adopted rivet firmly to go up wall in addition.This constructional method makes styrofoam and metope produce the hollowing distance.The benefit that has distance is to a certain extent to having stoped the inside conduction of temperature.The problem that faces is, in case the styrofoam warpage, hot and cold air-flow just enters the hollowing distance, becomes hot and cold air-flow storing spot, is stored into certain value, and interior wall just becomes pontic, has destroyed indoor isoperibol.The person's character that can not change styrofoam just can not solve warpage, rimose problem.Also to be the Chinese and foreign department scholar be difficult to the problem of capturing so far using on the styrofoam for this.Main raw material vinylbenzene and the butane produced as styrofoam can produce obnoxious flavoures such as a large amount of benzene and carbon monoxide when burning.In case blaze up, the people sucks this kind obnoxious flavour, just loses self-saving ability, finally gets killed.The living environment of China is quite intensive again, in case produce burning, will cause large-area loss of life and personal injury, and the people are lived in unsafe hidden danger.Polyphenyl is the extract in the oil, and the lagging material of China all adopts styrofoam, Imported oil in a large number, and then cause worldwide rise in oil price; The costliness that also can cause the styrofoam material simultaneously conversely.Cause outside a large amount of loss of foreign exchange, be incubated, cause the insulation plan as a result in the whole nation can't smooth implementation, the insulation policy can't be prosecuted to the end, die on the vine as independent dependence styrofoam.With the demand degree of Chinese market, the oil reserve in the world still can't satisfy.
Thermal insulation mortar only adds the polyphenyl particle by cement and adds caking agent and mix.The thermal conductivity of cement is high to 1-2w/mk, and the parcel thermal conductivity is the granular polystyrene of 0.042-0.043w/mk, and formed cement and polystyrene mortar thermal conductivity is 0.095-0.098w/mk.Show via Shanghai test center of capital construction commission test result, use the thermal insulation mortar thermal conductivity at 0.1-0.2w/mk on the existing market, do not meet the standard of lagging material thermal conductivity below 0.06w/mk of national requirements.Because there is little conduction in the thermal conductivity height of cement between the cement glue.Exist little conduction to be meant that promptly hot and cold air-flow gathers earlier between the cement glue in distance element, cement can also produce certain barriering effect as the filtering net of current when gathering beginning, gathering of certain hour, body of wall stores hot and cold air and reaches certain value, make interior wall become hot and cold pontic, hot and cold air-flow importing is indoor, and it is indoor to cause outdoor hot and cold flow conductance to be advanced, and has finally destroyed the constant temperature of the interior space.
Existing lagging material can not really reach the insulation requirement really.(above Haiti district is an example, and the energy-conservation requirement of secondary reaches 55.6% energy-saving index; The three grades of energy-conservation requirements in Beijing area reach 65%).Along with the standard day by day of the energy-conservation cause of country and perfect, the generally raising of energy-conservation requirement.The energy-conservation requirement regulation of existing Beijing area reaches energy-conservation 65%.Concrete enforcement in the face of this requirement and standard, existing Guan Yong heat preserving exterior wall system, styrofoam, compact substance plate will face the practical problems in technology and the construction: the thermal conductivity of styrofoam is 0.04w/mk, the thermal conductivity of compact substance plate is 0.027-0.029w/mk, though the thermal conductivity of compact substance plate is good, use its Wind-Pressure Resistance value on Highrise buildings just can not be born.The thermal conductivity of cement and polystyrene mortar will reach 65% heat preservation energy-saving index at 0.095-0.098, thickness with thick to 10 or 15cm.This kind thickness will increase the weight of the bearing capacity of body of wall greatly, and the carrying capacity of buildings is strengthened.Also there is proposition " sandwich " method promptly to use wall on the cement and polystyrene mortar therebetween styrofoam of the right and left 3cm.At first the cement and polystyrene mortar on both sides can not with the firm combination of styrofoam.Body of wall is an inorganics, and the cement and polystyrene mortar is an organism, and inorganic and organic two kinds of materials can not fine combination, in case come off, can cause casualties, and has great potential safety hazard.
The contriver must find the light material with suitable thermal conductivity at the status analysis gained of above-mentioned energy-saving index and existing lagging material.Autonomous in view of the above research can be played insulation, fire prevention, resistance sound, environment-friendly insulating brick, and the coordinative construction working method neither influencing the body of wall load-bearing, economizes on resources again again, reaches the heat preservation energy-saving index and settles method at one go.The contriver recognizes the necessity of insulation and the defective of world today's lagging material just, in conjunction with Chinese actual needs, carries out remarkable and hard research in 8 years.The ground ore resources of China is abundant, in Henan, the Northeast stores a large amount of perlite ores, stores a large amount of vermiculites in Xinjiang region, stores a large amount of dry soil in the area, Sichuan, all is inorganic natural insulation starting material.
Cold districts such as Beijing, northeast, northwest since energy-conservation requirement be three grades energy-conservation, more than 65%, if use traditional styrofoam and thermal insulation mortar to be difficult to reach requirement, even reach, the thickness of thermal insulation layer also needs 8-10cm.So unavoidable generation construction is loaded down with trivial details, the Wind-Pressure Resistance value is not enough, uses uneasy congruent shortcoming on Highrise buildings.In view of the above, need to accomplish to settle at one go, so develop the wall self-insulation building block at heat preservation energy-saving.
Summary of the invention
The present invention's technical problem at first to be solved is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of wall self-insulation solid brick, building block or perforated brick are provided, performances such as that this insulation solid brick, building block or perforated brick have is energy-conservation, resistance sound, insulation, fire prevention, pressure-bearing.
The present invention's technical problem at first to be solved is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of wall self-insulation solid brick, building block or perforated brick mainly are made up of the component of following weight part: 0.05～4.5 part of 0.5～3.0 part of cement and vermiculite.
Preferably, the weight part of each component is: 2.0 parts of cement, 0.85 part of vermiculite.
The flyash or the slag that also can add the 0.02-1.5 weight part in the said components.
Xinjiang region is very cold winter, has stored a large amount of vermiculite resources and this area is underground.Therefore, can utilize local a large amount of vermiculite resource in Xinjiang region, preparation insulation solid brick, building block or perforated brick solve local insulation problem.
All raw materials all can be bought from market and obtain among the present invention, and its specification meets industry standard and gets final product.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of method for preparing above-mentioned wall self-insulation solid brick, building block or perforated brick.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method for preparing wall self-insulation solid brick, building block or perforated brick comprises:
Cement is wrapped up vermiculite form mixture, be incorporated as the water of mixture total weight amount 30～40% at last, the pressing of utilization tradition system building block technology is not calcined slurry, after the drying, gets final product.
The present invention forms mixture with cement and flyash, again its parcel pearlstone is made insulation solid brick, building block or perforated brick.Via the inventive method prepared insulation solid brick, building block or perforated brick is a kind of unburned product, and its every performance is as follows: unit weight 300～450kg/m 3, ultimate compression strength 1.0～3.0MPa, thermal conductivity 0.098～0.13w/mk, water-intake rate 8～12%, its insulated capacity are 8 times that common brick hinders warm ability, make 24 walls, not only can satisfy 75% energy-conservation, more can reach energy-conservation more than 80%.And with low cost, can be commonly civilian acceptance, satisfy the warming energy-conservation requirement of geographic harsh climates such as northeast, northwest.
The specification that the present invention is incubated solid brick, building block or perforated brick is as follows: and solid standard brick (specification: 240mm * 115mm * 53mm), building block (specification: 390mm * 190mm * 190mm) or perforated brick (specification: 240mm * 115mm * 90mm); Prepared insulation blocks unit weight is the lightest can to reach 300g.According to the energy-saving index of Beijing area 75%, the heat transfer coefficient that requires the main body body of wall is 0.057, thermal conductivity 0.15w/mk.
The shell of whole buildings is incubated solid brick, building block or perforated brick with the present invention and solves, and reinforces with cement, woven wire on the both sides of insulation blocks to strengthen, and thoroughly solves Beijing area 75%, even 80% energy-saving index.Simultaneously also solved the cold-resistant, in addition antifreeze of severe cold areas such as China Dark Longjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, insulation blocks does not fire for 1000 ℃, in case fire appears in the room, more can not spread, feed through to other rooms.The present invention is incubated that solid brick, building block or perforated brick are energy-conservation, resistance sound, insulation, fire prevention, pressure-bearing material, adopts the present invention to be incubated solid brick, building block or perforated brick the whole cost of building trade is descended.
The present invention is incubated the using method of solid brick, building block or perforated brick, comprising: will be incubated solid brick, building block or perforated brick and be built into insulated wall with bonding material when architecture construction, insulated wall is made in the middle of the body of wall, and sealer (Fig. 1) is done with cement in both sides.
Wherein, described bonding material can be conventional bonding material, is preferably the bonding material that is prepared by following method: take by weighing each raw material by following weight part: 0.7 part of 0.7 part in acidify magaldrate pulvis, 0.3 part of acidify magaldrate lattice body and pearlstone; Above raw material is mixed the water that the back adds 1 weight part, mix, promptly.
Description of drawings
The construction synoptic diagram of Fig. 1 insulation blocks of the present invention.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention by the following examples, it should be understood that these embodiment only are used for the purpose of illustration, never limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Take by weighing each raw material (unit: kg): cement 50, vermiculite 5 by following weight part;
Cement is wrapped up vermiculite, adds 19kg water, use traditional brickmaking technology pressing after, do not calcine, after the slurry drying, promptly.
The insulation blocks that present embodiment is prepared detects, and its every results of property sees Table 1 and (illustrates: the detection method of unit weight: " mensuration of porous plastics and rubber apparent (volume) density " (GB/T6343-1995); : thermal conductivity: " mensuration of thermal insulation material steady state heat resistance and related characteristics " (GB10294-88); Intensity: " soft aggregate concrete technology rules " JGJ51-2002).
Table 1 insulation blocks performance test results of the present invention
Test item title and unit Insulating brick
Unit weight (kg/m 3) 300
Thermal conductivity (w/mk) 0.1
Intensity (MPa) 3.0
Water-intake rate (%) 11
Embodiment 2
Take by weighing each raw material (unit: kg): cement 30, vermiculite 45 by following weight part.
Cement is wrapped up vermiculite, adds 30kg water, use traditional brickmaking technology pressing after, do not calcine, after the slurry drying, promptly.
The insulation blocks that present embodiment is prepared detects, and its every results of property sees Table 2.
Table 2 insulation blocks performance test results of the present invention
Test item title and unit Insulating brick
Unit weight (kg/m 3) 450
Thermal conductivity (w/mk) 0.13
(MP a) for intensity 1.2
Water-intake rate (%) 8
Embodiment 3
Take by weighing each raw material (unit: kg): cement 20, vermiculite 8.5, flyash or slag 2 by following weight part;
Cement is mixed back parcel vermiculite with flyash or slag, is incorporated as the water of mixture total weight amount 30～40% at last, use traditional brickmaking technology pressing after, do not calcine, after the slurry drying, promptly.
The insulation blocks that present embodiment is prepared detects, and its every results of property sees Table 3.
Table 3 insulation blocks performance test results of the present invention
Test item title and unit Insulating brick
Unit weight (kg/m 3) 350
Thermal conductivity (w/mk) 0.10
Intensity (MPa) 1.8
Water-intake rate (%) 10

Claims (6)

1. a wall self-insulation solid brick, building block or perforated brick is characterized in that, are mainly made by the component of following weight part: 0.05～4.5 part of 0.5～3.0 part of cement and vermiculite.
2. according to wall self-insulation solid brick, building block or the perforated brick of claim 1, it is characterized in that the weight part of each component is: 2.0 parts of cement, 0.85 part of vermiculite.
3. according to wall self-insulation solid brick, building block or the perforated brick of claim 1, it is characterized in that, also contain the flyash or the slag of 0.02-1.5 weight part.
4. a method for preparing claim 1 wall self-insulation solid brick, building block or perforated brick comprises: cement is wrapped up vermiculite form mixture, be incorporated as the water of mixture total weight amount 30～40% at last, the pressing of utilization tradition system building block technology, do not calcine, after the slurry drying, promptly.
5. any one wall self-insulation solid brick, building block or the perforated brick application in building heat preserving of claim 1-4; comprise: when architecture construction, wall self-insulation solid brick, building block or perforated brick are built into insulated wall with bonding material; insulated wall is made in the middle of the body of wall, and sealer is done with cement in both sides.
6. according to the application of claim 5, it is characterized in that described bonding material is prepared by following method: take by weighing each raw material: 0.7 part of 0.7 part in acidify magaldrate pulvis, 0.3 part of acidify magaldrate lattice body and pearlstone by following weight part; Above raw material is mixed the water that the back adds 1 weight part, mix, promptly.
CNA2006101501864A 2006-10-30 2006-10-30 Self-thermal insulation solid brick, building block or perforated brick for wall and producing method thereof Pending CN101172811A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107337384A (en) * 2016-05-02 2017-11-10 湖南专鑫建材科技有限责任公司 Can continuous extrusion unburned outer wall self heat-preserving building-block and preparation method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107337384A (en) * 2016-05-02 2017-11-10 湖南专鑫建材科技有限责任公司 Can continuous extrusion unburned outer wall self heat-preserving building-block and preparation method thereof

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Open date: 20080507