CN101166893A - 位于壳体与排气管之间的连接元件 - Google Patents

位于壳体与排气管之间的连接元件 Download PDF

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CN101166893A
CN101166893A CNA2006800145235A CN200680014523A CN101166893A CN 101166893 A CN101166893 A CN 101166893A CN A2006800145235 A CNA2006800145235 A CN A2006800145235A CN 200680014523 A CN200680014523 A CN 200680014523A CN 101166893 A CN101166893 A CN 101166893A
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connecting element
guide surface
housing
blast air
outlet pipe
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马尔科·拉纳利
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Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies Germany GmbH
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Emcon Technologies Germany Augsburg GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/21—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media
    • B01F23/213—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids
    • B01F23/2132—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids using nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F01N13/141—Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F2025/91—Direction of flow or arrangement of feed and discharge openings
    • B01F2025/913—Vortex flow, i.e. flow spiraling in a tangential direction and moving in an axial direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种设置在壳体(10)与排气管(16)之间的连接元件(14)，特别地为一种锥形体，其特征在于：在连接元件(14)的内部设置有至少一个能够促使排气流转动的导向面(30)。

Description

位于壳体与排气管之间的连接元件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种设置在壳体与排气管之间的连接元件，特别涉及一种锥形体。
背景技术
在排气系统中，特别是在用于机动车辆的排气系统中，一个这样的连接元件用于将例如壳体内部的大流通截面适配到例如排气管中的较小流通截面。一般而言，该连接元件的作用就像漏斗。有关壳体可以是例如消声器、催化剂壳体或者过滤器壳体。
在现代排气系统中，必须在排气流中注入媒质以产生某些反应。例如，可以在柴油颗粒过滤器的上游注入燃料，使得保留在过滤器中的颗粒进行受控燃烧。在SCR系统中，还可以注入尿素以引入氨作为减少废气中氮氧化物的手段，为了作用均匀，一般要求注入的媒质均匀分布在排气流中。
为了将注入的媒质均匀地分布在排气中，人们已经进行了各种尝试。例如，可将折流板直接置于排气管中媒质注入位置的上游或下游，使得排气产生涡旋，从而确保注入媒质的良好分布。然而，在排气管内部构造折流板不仅涉及安置它们比较复杂的问题而且还涉及到强度考虑的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是以最小的复杂性以及高的可靠性实现注入媒质在排气流中的良好分布。
为了这个目的，根据本发明，连接元件在其内部设置有至少一个能够促使排气流转动的导向面。本发明的要点是在排气流一离开位于媒质注入位置上游的壳体时，就使排气形成涡旋，从而产生良好的涡流，并因此使媒质在排气流中良好分布。位于壳体与排气管之间的连接元件特别适于这个目的，因为连接元件相对较为膨胀，因此比在窄的排气管中更容易相应地构造出排气流的涡流。
促使排气流转动的导向面可以在至少一个附连到连接元件的折流板处提供，或者优选地，通过连接元件各壁段的塑性变形来提供。这个方面之所以特别有利，是因为不需要附连额外的部件，因此简化了生产，同时消除了部件从连接元件脱离以及损坏排气系统其它部件的危险。
优选地，导向面由压制在连接元件的壁上的至少一个螺旋路径形成。这样，就可以更少的复杂性实现对涡旋面区域的壁的塑性变形。
本发明的有利方面可根据从属权利要求得出。
附图说明
现在将通过示于唯一附图中的优选实施方式来描述本发明，该图用图解法描述了穿过壳体、连接元件和附连排气管的剖面。
附图标记列表
10壳体
12衬底
14连接部分
16排气管
18喷射器
20外罩
22凸缘
24凸缘
26内罩
28螺旋路径
30涡旋面区域
具体实施方式
唯一的附图示出了壳体10，在壳体10内部设置有衬底12，衬底12的作用对本发明的理解而言并不重要。壳体10内也可以装入消声器来代替衬底12。
壳体10具有沿箭头P方向的排气通流。沿流动方向观察，壳体10的下游连接有连接元件14，连接元件14的主要作用是将排气的流通截面从壳体10的流通截面减小到连接元件14下游附连的排气管16的流通截面。
在连接元件14下游的排气管16中设置有喷射器18，例如燃料或尿素之类的媒质能够通过喷射器18注入排气管16内部，从而注入排气流中。
所示实施方式中的连接元件14被构造为双罩型，即，它包括经由两个凸缘22和24分别连接到排气管16和壳体10的外罩20。位于外罩20内有一内罩26，其被构形为在周向上形成螺旋路径28。螺旋路径28包括螺旋导向面或涡旋面30，涡旋面30被定向为或多或少地径向于排气的主流动方向。由于涡旋面30被定向为与排气的主流动方向成一角度，所以它促使排气流转动，使得通过喷射器18注入的媒质与排气流产生特别好的混合。
由于至少连接元件14的内罩26由金属片制成，所以涡旋面30能够简单地通过内罩26的塑性变形具体地是通过深冲压来成形。容易理解的是，通过适当选择螺旋路径28的螺距可以设定流动响应。因此，可以采用具有相应较大螺距的多螺旋路径来代替单螺旋路径，多螺旋路径本身表现为覆盖小于360°圆周范围的多个分离的涡旋面30的形式。
在与所示实施方式不同的一个方面中，连接元件也可以被构造成单罩元件，该连接元件的壁尽管具有压制而成的涡旋面区域，但仍然足够坚固。而在单罩连接元件中，涡旋面从外侧可见这一事实并不会对期望功能造成损害。
权利要求书(按照条约第19条的修改)
1. 一种位于壳体(10)与排气管(16)之间的连接元件(14)，特别地为一种锥形体，其特征在于，所述连接元件(14)在其内部设置有至少一个能够促使排气流转动的导向面(30)，所述导向面(30)由所述连接元件(14)的塑性变形的壁段形成。
2. 如权利要求1所述的连接元件，其特征在于，沿排气流的方向观察时，所述导向面(30)以一定角度取向。
3. 如权利要求2所述的连接元件，其特征在于，所述导向面(30)被制成螺旋状。
4. 如前述权利要求中任一项所述的连接元件，其特征在于，所述导向面(30)由至少一个螺旋路径(28)形成。
5. 如权利要求4所述的连接元件，其特征在于，所述导向面(30)是径向取向的。
6. 如前述权利要求中任一项所述的连接元件，其特征在于，所述连接元件被构造成多壁型。

Claims (8)

1.一种位于壳体(10)与排气管(16)之间的连接元件(14)，特别地为一种锥形体，其特征在于，所述连接元件(14)在其内部设置有至少一个能够促使排气流转动的导向面(30)。
2.如权利要求1所述的连接元件，其特征在于，沿排气流方向观察时，所述导向面(30)以一定角度取向。
3.如权利要求2所述的连接元件，其特征在于，所述导向面(30)被制成螺旋状。
4.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的连接元件，其特征在于，所述导向面(30)由至少一个衬于所述连接元件(14)内的折流板形成。
5.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的连接元件，其特征在于，所述导向面(30)由所述连接元件(14)的塑性变形的壁段形成。
6.如权利要求5所述的连接元件，其特征在于，所述导向面(30)由至少一个螺旋路径(28)形成。
7.如权利要求6所述的连接元件，其特征在于，所述导向面(30)是径向取向的。
8.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的连接元件，其特征在于，所述连接元件被构造成多壁型。
CNA2006800145235A 2005-04-29 2006-01-26 位于壳体与排气管之间的连接元件 Pending CN101166893A (zh)

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DE102005020045.1 2005-04-29
DE102005020045A DE102005020045A1 (de) 2005-04-29 2005-04-29 Verbindungselement zwischen einem Gehäuse und einem Abgasrohr

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KR20070119743A (ko) 2007-12-20
US20080196386A1 (en) 2008-08-21

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