CN101165278A - Grout pile concrete station ultrasonic wave checking method and checking system - Google Patents

Grout pile concrete station ultrasonic wave checking method and checking system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101165278A
CN101165278A CNA200610113896XA CN200610113896A CN101165278A CN 101165278 A CN101165278 A CN 101165278A CN A200610113896X A CNA200610113896X A CN A200610113896XA CN 200610113896 A CN200610113896 A CN 200610113896A CN 101165278 A CN101165278 A CN 101165278A
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concrete
ultrasonic
receiving
ultrasonic sensor
ultrasonic wave
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CNA200610113896XA
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王润田
周艳
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Institute of Acoustics CAS
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Institute of Acoustics CAS
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Abstract

The present invention relates to ultrasonic detection method and system for concrete level in cast concrete pile. The detection method includes hanging an ultrasonic sensor inside the pile hole, sending ultrasonic wave continuously into the pile hole with the ultrasonic sensor while casting concrete, receiving the pulse signal the concrete surface reflects and calculating the current concrete level until reaching the preset casting depth and stopping casting. The detection system includes one ultrasonic sensor possessing ultrasonic sending and receiving functions, one transceiving conversion circuit, one receiving circuit, one power amplifier, one CPU unit and one power source. The present invention has the advantages of dynamic detection, low power consumption, light equipment, convenient use and environment friendship.

Description

Grout pile concrete station ultrasonic wave checking method and detection system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrasonic detection method and detection system, particularly relate to a kind of method and detection system of utilizing concrete position (concrete face height, the concrete face degree of depth) in the process that ultrasonic measurement detects boring (well, groove) perfusion concrete.
Background technology
In urban construction and Important Project construction (such as highrise building, large bridge etc.), often need ground is reinforced at present, a kind of reinforcement means is taked boring (well, groove) castinplace pile exactly.It generally is concrete (bone) material that will configure is filled into the hole always from the shaft bottom top.In fact, many buildings all have underground fortification, and this section stake that is filled into the top so all will be excised behind excavation, and this just brings unnecessary workload to engineering, and cause the waste of constructional materials, handle the waste cement stake of excising and cause environment pollution and processing cost again.Yet, the redundance of the castinplace pile that these need excise, be exactly known in design in advance, as long as can control the absolute altitude of concrete face in the filling process in advance effectively, just can only be filled into the height that designing institute needs, thereby overcome above-mentioned many troubles, save cost, cut the waste, also reduce pollution simultaneously environment.
Occurred also recently utilizing that pressure changes the instrument that detects the concrete position in the hole, its principle utilization of this instrument be that concrete is different with the proportion of original mud in the hole, the appearance that utilizes pressure sensor to come perception concrete position, thus measure the concrete position.The shortcoming of this method is that sensor must touch concrete, if the concrete face is distant from the aperture, just needs long cable or wirerope that sensor is fallen, and this makes troubles to use.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: overcome owing in the process of perfusion concrete, can not effectively control the concrete position, and also will fill, cause the waste of material and manpower aspect, and cause environmental pollution problems those stake holes that there is no need to be filled into the top; Thereby provide a kind of and can reflect this objective phenomenon when utilizing ultrasonic wave to run into the different medium interface, the means that remote remote measurement is carried out in the concrete position detect the method for concrete position in the filling process or concrete absolute altitude, and this method also can overcome some drawbacks in the contact detection method.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of grout pile concrete station ultrasonic wave detection system of lighting.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Grout pile concrete station ultrasonic wave checking method provided by the invention may further comprise the steps:
1) ultrasonic sensor is hung waiting to pour in the hole of concrete, the depth D that this ultrasonic sensor hangs in the hole is less than concrete face depth H; Just the concrete position should be positioned at ultrasonic sensor 2 belows; The distance that ultrasonic sensor 2 leaves tested concrete face should guarantee that the concrete face drops in the sphere of action of measuring system;
2) open ultrasonic sensor, Xiang Kongzhong pours into concrete, and described ultrasonic sensor is constantly launched ultrasonic pulse;
3) described ultrasonic sensor receives and is reflected pulse signal by the concrete face, and be transferred to ground instrument through signal cable, the signal processing unit of ground instrument is measured from transmitted pulse to the time interval T that receives concrete face echo impulse, calculate current concrete face depth H=V*T+D in real time, wherein V is the velocity of sound of described ultrasonic pulse in mud;
4) when concrete face depth H reaches the grout pile concrete station predetermined value, stop to pour into concrete.
In the technique scheme, the frequency of described ultrasonic pulse is in 20kHz arrives the 100kHz scope.
In the technique scheme, the pulse of described ultrasonic sensor ultrasonic waves transmitted is with the sinusoidal wave ultrasonic pulse of filling or the ultrasonic pulse of coded pulse form.
Grout pile concrete station ultrasonic wave detection system provided by the invention comprises: have the ultrasonic sensor of transmission-receiving function, transmitting-receiving change-over circuit, receiving circuit, power amplifier, CPU and the power supply of powering to system; Under emission state, the transmitting-receiving change-over circuit is connected ultrasonic sensor and power amplifier, and described CPU, power amplifier, transmitting-receiving change-over circuit and ultrasonic sensor form the electrical connection path successively; Under accepting state, described transmitting-receiving change-over circuit is connected ultrasonic sensor and receiving circuit, and described ultrasonic sensor, transmitting-receiving change-over circuit, receiving circuit and CPU form the electrical connection path successively.
In the technique scheme, described ultrasonic sensor is connected by cable between the change-over circuit with transmitting-receiving.
In the technique scheme, the transmitting-receiving change-over circuit is an analog switching circuit.
In the technique scheme, described receiving circuit is one and is used to amplify echo-signal, the signal processing circuit of filtering interfering noise.
In the technique scheme, emission, the reception duty of described central processing unit controls transmitting-receiving change-over circuit are switched.
In the technique scheme, the too little and amplification mode of the gain of described central processing unit controls receiving circuit.
In the technique scheme, described CPU also is connected to the communication interface that is connected with other equipment respectively and is used for the concrete position display unit that the concrete bit data shows in real time.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the present invention can be used for the real-time monitoring of the concrete position of concrete pouring process, and the user can control the actual influx height of concrete position under the guidance of this equipment, thereby effectively reduces the waste of human and material resources, reduces pollution on the environment.
2. compare with the concrete position detecting method that relies on pressure sensor, the invention has the advantages that noncontact concrete face, must touch the concrete face and depended on pressure changes its sensor of method that detects, so it the change procedure of concrete position in the filling process can't be detected, also just detection of dynamic can't be realized.And the present invention is leaving upward observation of concrete position certain altitude (distance), so can realize detection of dynamic.
3. what the present invention used is ultrasonic wave, and ultrasonic waves transmitted is a short pulse signal, and energy is very little, so, the whole system electricity consumption seldom, equipment is lighter, and is easy to use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 ultrasonic wave concrete position testing process schematic diagram
Fig. 2 ultrasonic wave concrete position detecting method signal timing diagram
Fig. 3 ultrasonic wave concrete position detecting method is implemented: the explanation of ultrasonic wave concrete position detector theory diagram drawing:
Ground instrument 2 ultrasonic sensors of 1-ultrasonic wave concrete level detecting apparatus
Do not pour into part in the conduit 5-hole of 3-signal cable 4-perfusion concrete
Poured into part in the 6-hole, in the 7-hole concrete position
The specific embodiment
With embodiment detection method of the present invention and detection system are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings below
The principle of the inventive method is as follows:
The ultrasonic velocity of supposing the mud of not perfusion part is V.Signal sequence in the measuring process as shown in Figure 2.Sometime, fill ultrasonic pulse by sine wave that has as shown in Figure 2 of ultrasonic sensor 2 emissions, this ultrasonic pulse is being advanced to the concrete position with velocity of sound V, after running into the concrete position (interface of mud and concrete), because the acoustic impedance of concrete is different with the acoustic impedance of mud, some energy will be reflected, receive the pulse signal that returns when ultrasonic sensor 2, and pass to ground instrument (the ground instrument here is meant the remainder of removing ultrasonic sensor among Fig. 3) through signal cable, ground instrument is measured from being transmitted into the time interval T when receiving concrete face echo impulse, just can calculate H-D=V*T.Concrete position H=V*T+D.
Be not full of mud owing to pour into the part of concrete in the castinplace pile, mud is very big to hyperacoustic energy absorption, and is relevant with many factors, and the frequency of the ultrasonic pulse that is adopted especially generally can not be too high; Same in order to reach certain certainty of measurement, frequency of ultrasonic can not be too low, can determine a suitable ultrasonic frequency or a frequency range according to the specific targets of checkout equipment.It is interior more suitable to the 100kHz scope that frequency of ultrasonic is typically chosen in 20kHz.The pulse of described ultrasonic sensor ultrasonic waves transmitted, its individual pulse duration is for generally being no more than 100 microseconds, the time interval of adjacent pulse is for generally getting per second emission 10-30 time, regulate or determine according to the rate of climb of the rate of flooding of concrete material or concrete face, the power of ultrasonic pulse is generally got 10-50 watt and is got final product, also can select according to the characteristic (concentration, sand content etc.) of the mud in the hole to be poured into.
Embodiment 1
Make a ultrasonic wave concrete position detector, its theory diagram as shown in Figure 3.Comprise: ultrasonic sensor, transmitting-receiving change-over circuit, receiving circuit, power amplifier, CPU and the power supply of powering to system.
In the present embodiment, CPU adopts the ADuC841 chip, also can use other similar chip such as S8051, AT89C51,8,16 monolithic processors such as the 430F135 of TI company.The function of this CPU mainly is to control, coordinate the work of these each parts of system.For the transmitting-receiving change-over circuit, it is in reception and still launches duty CPU according to transmitting-receiving needs commander; For receiving circuit: central processing unit controls its gain size and amplification mode; CPU sends survey data to need to receive these data other equipment by communication interface, such as: the computer of administrative department etc.; CPU also shows that by the concrete position carrying out the scene shows in real time with the concrete bit data of measuring.
In the present embodiment, the transmitting-receiving change-over circuit is an analog switching circuit.It can be formed with general analog switch (such as CD4051,4052,4053 etc.) or cmos device.When emission state, this transmitting-receiving change-over circuit is connected ultrasonic sensor with power amplifier, and pulsed power signal can directly be loaded on the ultrasonic transducer, and the input of connection circuit is shorted to ground; When accepting state, this transmitting-receiving change-over circuit links to each other ultrasonic sensor with the input of receiving circuit, and the signal that allows the concrete face directly enters receiving circuit.
In the present embodiment, power amplifier adopts the D power-like amplifier, be made up of two VMOS power tubes, the ultrasonic signal that is used for CPU is sent here carries out power amplification, and the power signal after will amplifying is delivered on the ultrasonic transducer through the transmitting-receiving change-over circuit.
Receiving circuit comprises several functions such as amplification, filtering and echo formation.This receiving circuit will be amplified by the echo signal from the concrete position that ultrasonic transducer is received, because mud is very big to the absorption of ultrasonic energy, the energy that is reflected by the concrete position passes through the absorption of mud again, make that the echo-signal that receives is more weak, again because the building site construction machinery is many, various electrical interference are bigger, so the effect of this receiving circuit is exactly the ultrasonic echo signal that amplifies from the concrete position, other various interference noises of filtering as much as possible.And, handle again by CPU with giving CPU after the certain processing of concrete position signal process of receiving.
In the present embodiment, communication interface provides two kinds of interfaces of RS232/485 available, also can select the USB form.This interface is mainly used in and in time gives the terminal that needs these data to the modification of this measuring instrument inner parameter with observation data.
In the present embodiment, power supply is made of battery pack, also can be finished through transformer step-down or Switching Power Supply by civil power.Because said here ultrasonic wave concrete position detector is a kind of lightweight instrument, uses for convenience, has adopted battery pack here.Can certainly select rechargeable battery pack for use.
In the present embodiment, concrete position display unit is made up of the LCD screen of 196X64 dot matrix, it promptly can show the concrete bit data, the transient change process that can dynamically show the concrete position again with graphics mode, can offer one of constructor concrete position modified-image clearly, so that they rationally, effectively control the influx height of concrete position.
Embodiment 2
Utilize the method for the ultrasonic wave concrete position detector detection concrete face height of the foregoing description 1, carry out according to following workflow:
Suppose the structure of castinplace pile in filling process as shown in Figure 1:
1 is the ground instrument of ultrasonic wave concrete level detecting apparatus among Fig. 1, and 2 is ultrasonic sensor, and 3 is signal cable, 4 conduits for the perfusion concrete, 5 are Kong Zhongwei perfusion part, this part is a mud, 6 are Kong Zhongyi perfusion part, and 7 is concrete position in the hole, supposes that concrete position distance overhead is H.The degree of depth that ultrasonic sensor hangs in the hole is D, as long as measure ultrasonic sensor just can be determined place, current concrete position from the distance (H-D) of concrete position height, if continual measurement H-D just can detect concrete position height in the filling process (being the concrete face degree of depth) in real time.
Ultrasonic sensor 2 on the ultrasonic wave concrete position detector of the foregoing description 1 is placed the mud of detected boring, suppose that final concrete face depth H in this boring wishes to be controlled at from well head 10 dark rice, ultrasonic sensor 2 can be hung from the dark position of well head 6-8 rice; Starting ultrasonic wave concrete bit detector starts working; Begin to show concrete position height on the display screen of concrete bit detector, if the concrete face away from ultrasonic sensor 2, has off-limits prompting on the display screen; Along with the continuous perfusion of concrete material, constantly rise in the concrete position, enter the detection range of detector when the concrete position after, show that beginning dynamically shows the height of the concrete face of actual measurement; When highly reach designing requirement from 10 meters at well head height the time, construction party stops perfusion, thereby reaches the purpose of effective control concrete position influx height.
In addition, in the present invention, the velocity of sound V people of mud had made many surveying works in the boring, can find by existing data, also can learn by field measurement, and the measurement in the time interval, can finish by the CPU of measureing equipment self, because not high on the engineering to the requirement of concrete position height certainty of measurement, so, also not high to the time measurement accuracy requirement, general monolithic processor commonly used just can the deadline surveying work.

Claims (9)

1. a grout pile concrete station ultrasonic wave checking method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) ultrasonic sensor is hung waiting to pour in the hole of concrete, the depth D that this ultrasonic sensor hangs in the hole is less than concrete face depth H;
2) open ultrasonic sensor, Xiang Kongzhong pours into concrete, and described ultrasonic sensor is constantly launched ultrasonic pulse;
3) described ultrasonic sensor receives the pulse signal that is reflected by the concrete face, and be transferred to ground instrument through signal cable, the signal processing unit of ground instrument is measured from transmitted pulse to the time interval T that receives concrete face echo impulse, calculate current concrete face depth H=V*T+D in real time, wherein V is the velocity of sound of described ultrasonic pulse in mud;
4) when concrete face depth H reaches the grout pile concrete station predetermined value, stop to pour into concrete.
2. by the described grout pile concrete station ultrasonic wave checking method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described ultrasonic pulse is that the sinusoidal wave ultrasonic pulse of filling or the ultrasonic pulse of coded pulse form are arranged; The frequency of described ultrasonic pulse is in 20kHz arrives the 100kHz scope.
3. a grout pile concrete station ultrasonic wave detection system comprises sensor; It is characterized in that, also comprise transmitting-receiving change-over circuit, receiving circuit, power amplifier, CPU and the power supply of powering to system; Described sensor is one to have the ultrasonic sensor of transmission-receiving function; Under emission state, the transmitting-receiving change-over circuit is connected ultrasonic sensor and power amplifier, and described CPU, power amplifier, transmitting-receiving change-over circuit and ultrasonic sensor form the electrical connection path successively; Under accepting state, described transmitting-receiving change-over circuit is connected ultrasonic sensor and receiving circuit, and described ultrasonic sensor, transmitting-receiving change-over circuit, receiving circuit and CPU form the electrical connection path successively.
4. by the described grout pile concrete station ultrasonic wave detection system of claim 3, it is characterized in that described ultrasonic sensor is connected by cable with receiving and dispatching between the change-over circuit.
5. by the described grout pile concrete station ultrasonic wave detection system of claim 3, it is characterized in that the transmitting-receiving change-over circuit is an analog switching circuit.
6. by the described grout pile concrete station ultrasonic wave detection system of claim 3, it is characterized in that described receiving circuit is one and is used to amplify echo-signal, the signal processing circuit of filtering interfering noise.
7. by the described grout pile concrete station ultrasonic wave detection system of claim 3, it is characterized in that emission, the reception duty of described central processing unit controls transmitting-receiving change-over circuit are switched.
8. by the described grout pile concrete station ultrasonic wave detection system of claim 3, it is characterized in that the gain size and the amplification mode of described central processing unit controls receiving circuit.
9. by the described grout pile concrete station ultrasonic wave detection system of claim 3, it is characterized in that described CPU also is connected to the communication interface that is connected with other equipment respectively and is used for the concrete position display unit that the concrete bit data shows in real time.
CNA200610113896XA 2006-10-20 2006-10-20 Grout pile concrete station ultrasonic wave checking method and checking system Pending CN101165278A (en)

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102252733A (en) * 2011-04-08 2011-11-23 吴爱平 Oil-water interface detector based on field programmable gate array (FPGA)
CN102364336A (en) * 2011-04-29 2012-02-29 武汉华和机电技术有限公司 Ultrasonic wave sensor for pile supersonic wave detection
CN103306318A (en) * 2013-06-20 2013-09-18 三峡大学 Panoramic ultrasonic side wall detector
CN104963680A (en) * 2015-06-23 2015-10-07 武汉中岩科技有限公司 Control method and device for pore-forming and grooving detection
CN105317434A (en) * 2015-10-21 2016-02-10 同济大学 Borehole ultrasonic reflection three-dimensional detection apparatus and method
CN105672371A (en) * 2015-10-26 2016-06-15 四川省建筑科学研究院 Existing engineering pile body completeness and defect type judging method
CN106400851A (en) * 2016-10-15 2017-02-15 广州中煤江南基础工程公司 Height detecting system for concrete pouring surface of ultra-deep pile hole
CN108130895A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-06-08 燕山大学 Measure soil body energy absorbing device and method
CN108253933A (en) * 2017-12-19 2018-07-06 上海建工集团股份有限公司 Super-long Bored Piles elevation real-time detecting system and detection method
CN109056851A (en) * 2018-07-16 2018-12-21 中国建筑股份有限公司 The superfilled monitoring system and method for concrete based on acoustic-electric coupled resonance system
CN109162280A (en) * 2018-10-11 2019-01-08 中建隧道建设有限公司 A kind of underwater gliders absolute altitude automation control method
CN110331741A (en) * 2019-06-27 2019-10-15 江苏中海昇物联科技有限公司 The superfilled monitoring sensor of ultrasonic type concrete
CN111456120A (en) * 2020-04-15 2020-07-28 中国建筑土木建设有限公司 Pile foundation construction intelligent measurement and control method and device

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102252733A (en) * 2011-04-08 2011-11-23 吴爱平 Oil-water interface detector based on field programmable gate array (FPGA)
CN102364336A (en) * 2011-04-29 2012-02-29 武汉华和机电技术有限公司 Ultrasonic wave sensor for pile supersonic wave detection
CN103306318A (en) * 2013-06-20 2013-09-18 三峡大学 Panoramic ultrasonic side wall detector
CN107100209B (en) * 2013-06-20 2018-01-12 三峡大学 A kind of panoramic ultrasonic side wall detector
CN107100209A (en) * 2013-06-20 2017-08-29 三峡大学 A kind of panoramic ultrasonic side wall detector
CN104963680B (en) * 2015-06-23 2017-08-25 武汉中岩科技有限公司 A kind of control method and device of pore-forming grooving detection
CN104963680A (en) * 2015-06-23 2015-10-07 武汉中岩科技有限公司 Control method and device for pore-forming and grooving detection
CN105317434A (en) * 2015-10-21 2016-02-10 同济大学 Borehole ultrasonic reflection three-dimensional detection apparatus and method
CN105672371A (en) * 2015-10-26 2016-06-15 四川省建筑科学研究院 Existing engineering pile body completeness and defect type judging method
CN106400851A (en) * 2016-10-15 2017-02-15 广州中煤江南基础工程公司 Height detecting system for concrete pouring surface of ultra-deep pile hole
CN106400851B (en) * 2016-10-15 2019-01-01 广州中煤江南基础工程公司 Super-deep filling concrete face height detecting system
CN108253933A (en) * 2017-12-19 2018-07-06 上海建工集团股份有限公司 Super-long Bored Piles elevation real-time detecting system and detection method
CN108253933B (en) * 2017-12-19 2019-03-29 上海建工集团股份有限公司 Super-long Bored Piles elevation real-time detecting system and detection method
CN108130895A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-06-08 燕山大学 Measure soil body energy absorbing device and method
CN109056851A (en) * 2018-07-16 2018-12-21 中国建筑股份有限公司 The superfilled monitoring system and method for concrete based on acoustic-electric coupled resonance system
CN109056851B (en) * 2018-07-16 2023-09-29 中国建筑股份有限公司 Concrete overcharging monitoring system and method based on acoustic-electric coupling resonance system
CN109162280A (en) * 2018-10-11 2019-01-08 中建隧道建设有限公司 A kind of underwater gliders absolute altitude automation control method
CN110331741A (en) * 2019-06-27 2019-10-15 江苏中海昇物联科技有限公司 The superfilled monitoring sensor of ultrasonic type concrete
CN111456120A (en) * 2020-04-15 2020-07-28 中国建筑土木建设有限公司 Pile foundation construction intelligent measurement and control method and device

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