CN101161374A - Method for preparing multiple phase confusion TiB*-TiC ceramic particle gradient enhancement metal-based complex material - Google Patents
Method for preparing multiple phase confusion TiB*-TiC ceramic particle gradient enhancement metal-based complex material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for preparing the multiple-phase hybrid TiB2-TiC ceramic particles gradient reinforced steel matrix composite material relates to a method for preparing the ceramic particles reinforced metal matrix composite material. The concrete technique includes two stages of preparing the reactant green compact and the burning synthesizing reaction in the mold cavity: 1) adopting Cr, Ti and C powder as reactant, mixing to uniform according to a definite proportion and pressing to blank; 2) placing the reactant green compact which has done with preprocessing to the specific position or area of the casting part that needs intensifying in the mold, the high-temperature metallic molten steel to induce the burning synthesizing reaction of the green compact, and the TiB2-TiC multiple-phase hybrid ceramic particles are formed at the original position. Thereby not only the toughness of the metallic matrix itself is guaranteed but also the high hardness and abrasion resistance capability of the servicing area or position are increased. As the ceramic particles are formed by reaction the ceramic particles have the advantages of clean surface, tiny dimension and regular shape; besides, the added Cr can get a function of reinforcing the solution. The technique of the invention is easy and reliable and is easy to generalize and apply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of metal-base composites, particularly relate to the preparation method that complex phase mixes the base steel composite material of ceramic grain gradient enhancing.
Background technology
At present, ceramic particle reinforced metal base composites mostly is whole reinforcement.But in many instances, and do not require that material monolithic all will carry out particle and strengthen.Teeth and the used punch mould of forging with excavator are example: the teeth of excavator, and only the tip of teeth need have very high wearability, and teeth trousers part then needs to have extraordinary obdurability, in case lost efficacy because of early fracture in the use; Forge used punch mould, only the head of mould need have very high wear resistence, thermal fatigue resistance and non-oxidizability etc., and the body portion of mould only needs high obdurability just can satisfy the requirement of operating mode.In addition, the ceramic particle volume fraction often is restricted during whole the reinforcement, and along with the raising of volume fraction, the mobile of molten metal significantly descends, and when grain volume fraction surpasses 10～15%, is unfavorable for the foundry goods that moulding by casting is complex-shaped; And whole reinforcement cost is higher, because do not need the particle partial enhanced also to carry out the particle enhancing, has wasted the enhancing body of a large amount of costlinesses.Therefore, gradient or the local exploitation that strengthens metal-base composites are subjected to people and more and more pay attention to.
Gradient or the local preparation technology who strengthens metal-base composites mainly contain two kinds of outer addition and in-situ reactions.Outer addition is that the ceramic particle that will form passes through to add metal or organic binder bond, is pressed into blank after mixing, and further prepares composite then.As in the patent 95113785.9 with WC, Al
2O
3Or pottery such as SiC and bonding make the prefabricated section of required form mutually behind the mixing, is affixed on the casting mold part that needs to strengthen foundry goods, and the casting liquid metals promptly obtains local composite material.The main deficiency of outer addition is to strengthen the particle surface vulnerable to pollution, and bond strength is low, peels off easily.Ceramic particle forms by chemical reaction in the in-situ reaction, and its advantage is that particle surface is clean, with the basal body interface bond strength height.As adopting Al, Ti and C powder to make prefabricated section in the patent 02109101.3, form in-situ ceramic particle TiC at the casting mold internal reaction, the local base steel composite material that strengthens of preparation; Adopt Ni, Al, Ti and C powder to make briquet in the patent 200610038185.0, casting metals liquid afterreaction forms TiC/Ni
3Al intermetallic compound base surface composite coating; In the patent 200610016778.7 Al powder, Ti-Fe powder and C powder are mixed and made into prefabricated section, prepare the TiC granule partial by the casting metals molten steel and strengthen base steel composite material.Because the Al powder is vaporization easily in course of reaction, can cause forming in the composite pore, thereby can not give full play to the potentiality of composite.
Summary of the invention
It is simple, reliable to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of technology, and the complex phase that is easy to apply mixes the preparation method of ceramic grain gradient reinforcing base steel composite material.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: adopt Cr, Ti and B
4The C powder, the combustion synthesis reaction by casting high-temperature metal molten steel ignition reaction thing pressed compact in the casting mold forms original position TiB
2With the TiC ceramic particle, the preparation complex phase mixes TiB
2-TiC ceramic grain gradient reinforcing base steel composite material.Specific embodiment comprises that the preparation of reactant pressed compact and the combustion synthesis reaction original position in the casting mold die cavity form pottery enhancing two stages of particle:
1) preparation of reactant pressed compact:
A. pressed compact is formed: pressed compact is by Cr, Ti and the B of powder particles less than 50 microns
4The C powder is formed, and wherein the content of Cr powder is 5%≤Cr≤50%, B
4The ratio of C powder and Ti powder is TiB in molar ratio
2: TiC=2: 1,
B. batch mixing: with the above-mentioned Cr for preparing, Ti and B
4The C powder is packed in the ball mill mixing machine, and batch mixing 6 ± 1 hours makes it to mix,
C. compression moulding: the powder that mixes is put into mould, at room temperature be pressed into base, the pressed compact compact rate of molding is 62 ± 5% of a pressed compact solid density;
2) in-situ ceramic strengthens the formation of particle:
A. preliminary treatment: the reactant pressed compact put into vacuum or the drying oven of argon shield is arranged, be heated to 350 ± 100 ℃, oven dry degasification 4 ± 1 hours,
B. in-situ ceramic strengthens the formation of particle: pretreated pressed compact is placed specific region or the position that foundry goods need strengthen in the casting mold die cavity, subsequently 1520 ± 80 ℃ of high-temperature metal molten steel are poured in the casting mold, the combustion synthesis reaction in the pressed compact that ignites forms TiB
2Strengthen particle with the TiC pottery, thereby prepare original position TiB
2-TiC ceramic grain gradient reinforcing base steel composite material.
The present invention compares with present existing technology has following characteristics:
It is simple, reliable to the invention provides a kind of technology, and the complex phase that is easy to apply mixes the preparation method of ceramic grain gradient reinforcing base steel composite material, promptly adopts Cr, Ti and B
4The reaction of C powder forms original position TiB
2With the TiC ceramic particle, mix enhancing by complex phase and improve the hardness and the wearability of foundry goods military service zone or position, matrix material itself then keeps its original toughness.In addition, the Cr powder of interpolation both can be used as the alloying element solid solution and had carried out alloy strengthening in matrix after reaction, also can solid solution form (Ti, Cr) C in TiC.
1) complex phase TiB
2-TiC mixes enhancing, and strengthening effect is good;
2) the ceramic particle reaction forms, surface cleaning, and size is tiny, and shape is regular, and TiC is subsphaeroidal, TiB
2Be hexa-prism;
3) Cr of Tian Jiaing both can be used as the alloying element solid solution and had carried out alloy strengthening in matrix, also can solid solution form (Ti, Cr) C in TiC.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 (a) adopts pressed compact to consist of 30%Cr (～48 microns)-Ti (～15 microns)-B
4The complex phase of C (～3.5 microns) preparation mixes ceramic grain gradient reinforcing base steel composite material and strengthens regional back scattering scanning tissue
Fig. 1 (b) adopts pressed compact to consist of 30%Cr (～48 microns)-Ti (～15 microns)-B
4The complex phase of C (～40 microns) preparation mixes ceramic grain gradient reinforcing base steel composite material and strengthens regional back scattering scanning tissue
Fig. 2 (a) adopts pressed compact to consist of 30%Cr (～48 microns)-Ti (～15 microns)-B
4The complex phase of C (～3.5 microns) preparation mixes ceramic grain gradient reinforcing base steel composite material and strengthens regional X-ray diffraction analysis
Fig. 2 (b) adopts pressed compact to consist of 30%Cr (～48 microns)-Ti (～15 microns)-B
4The complex phase of C (～40 microns) preparation mixes ceramic grain gradient reinforcing base steel composite material and strengthens regional X-ray diffraction analysis
The specific embodiment
The complex phase that utilizes the present invention to prepare mixes TiB
2-TiC ceramic grain gradient reinforcing base steel composite material, in the toughness that keeps matrix alloy material itself to have, the abrasion resistance properties that gradient strengthens the zone is significantly improved.With the 45# steel is matrix, brings out the combustion synthesis reaction of pressed compact in the casting mold by the high-temperature metal molten steel, has prepared complex phase and has mixed TiB
2-TiC ceramic grain gradient reinforcing base steel composite material, concrete preparation parameter and performance data are as shown in table 1.Because ceramic particle TiB
2Form by chemical reaction with TiC, surface cleaning is with the basal body interface bond strength height; Size is tiny, and shape is regular, and TiC is subsphaeroidal, TiB
2Be hexa-prism, the ceramic volume fraction height has good production and market application foreground and potentiality.
Table 1 complex phase mixes TiB
2-TiC ceramic grain gradient reinforcing base steel composite material preparation parameter and performance data
| Material | Cr content (%) | Pressed compact compact rate of molding (%) | The reactant granularity | Relative wear resistance | Hardness (HRC) | ||
| Cr powder degree (micron) | Ti powder degree (micron) | B 4C powder degree (micron) | |||||
| 45# steel matrix composite gradient strengthens the zone | - 10 30 30 40 | - 58.1 60.5 60.1 65.0 | - ～48 | - ～38 ～15 ～15 ～38 | - ～20 ～3.5 ～40 ～3.5 | 1 2.4 2.9 2.5 2.7 | ＜20 38.2-45.8 44.2-48.8 38.2-43.8 41.5-45.0 |
Claims (2)
1. a complex phase mixes TiB
2The preparation method of-TiC ceramic grain gradient reinforcing base steel composite material is characterized in that technical process comprises that the preparation of reactant pressed compact and the combustion synthesis reaction original position in the casting mold die cavity form pottery enhancing two stages of particle:
1) preparation of reactant pressed compact:
A. pressed compact is formed: pressed compact is by Cr, Ti and the B of powder particles less than 50 microns
4The C powder is formed, and wherein the content of Cr powder is 5%≤Cr≤50%, B
4The ratio of C powder and Ti powder is TiB in molar ratio
2: TiC=2: 1,
B. batch mixing: with the above-mentioned Cr for preparing, Ti and B
4The C powder is packed in the ball mill mixing machine, and batch mixing 6 ± 1 hours makes it to mix,
C. compression moulding: the powder that mixes is put into mould, at room temperature be pressed into base, the pressed compact compact rate of molding is 62 ± 5% of a pressed compact solid density;
2) in-situ ceramic strengthens the formation of particle:
A. preliminary treatment: the reactant pressed compact put into vacuum or the drying oven of argon shield is arranged, be heated to 350 ± 100 ℃, oven dry degasification 4 ± 1 hours,
B. in-situ ceramic strengthens the formation of particle: pretreated pressed compact is placed specific region or the position that foundry goods need strengthen in the casting mold die cavity, subsequently 1520 ± 80 ℃ of high-temperature metal molten steel are poured in the casting mold, the combustion synthesis reaction in the pressed compact that ignites forms TiB
2Strengthen particle with the TiC pottery, thereby prepare original position TiB
2-TiC ceramic grain gradient reinforcing base steel composite material.
2. complex phase according to claim 1 mixes TiB
2The preparation method of-TiC ceramic grain gradient reinforcing base steel composite material, the optimum content that it is characterized in that Cr powder in the said reactant pressed compact is 10%≤Cr≤40%,
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| CN102581259A (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2012-07-18 | 西安交通大学 | Ceramic column array reinforced metal based composite material or part and preparation method thereof |
| CN102618867A (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2012-08-01 | 湖南三泰新材料股份有限公司 | Composite reinforcement method for TiC/TiB2 base metal ceramic on surface of roller |
| CN105618712A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-06-01 | 周玉成 | Oxide ceramic reinforced steel/iron-based composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN106367661A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-02-01 | 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 | Preparation method for particle-reinforced iron-based surface composite material |
| CN109023082A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-18 | 吉林大学 | A kind of method of the ceramics particle strengthened steel of the micro biphase in original position |
| CN109609798A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-12 | 吉林大学 | A kind of micro micro-nano miscellaneous granules REINFORCED Al-Cu-Mg-Si plate controlled rolling preparation method |
| CN112647029A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-04-13 | 西安理工大学 | TiB enhanced TMCs with three-dimensional pellet composite structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN114833338A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-08-02 | 西安交通大学 | Chemical plating NiMo modified TiB 2 -TiC particle reinforced high manganese steel base composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1091171C (en) * | 1997-01-13 | 2002-09-18 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for preparing metal-base composite material reinforced by non-continuous ceramics reinforcing agent |
| CN1152969C (en) * | 2002-01-27 | 2004-06-09 | 吉林大学 | Process for preparing particle reinforced Mg-base composite |
| CN1212414C (en) * | 2002-01-27 | 2005-07-27 | 吉林大学 | Process for preparing steel-base composite feinforced by particles generated in-situ locally |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102581259A (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2012-07-18 | 西安交通大学 | Ceramic column array reinforced metal based composite material or part and preparation method thereof |
| CN102581259B (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2013-12-04 | 西安交通大学 | Preparation method of ceramic column array reinforced metal based composite material or part |
| CN102618867A (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2012-08-01 | 湖南三泰新材料股份有限公司 | Composite reinforcement method for TiC/TiB2 base metal ceramic on surface of roller |
| CN105618712A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-06-01 | 周玉成 | Oxide ceramic reinforced steel/iron-based composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN105618712B (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2018-01-12 | 周玉成 | A kind of oxide ceramics enhancing steel-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106367661A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-02-01 | 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 | Preparation method for particle-reinforced iron-based surface composite material |
| CN109023082A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-18 | 吉林大学 | A kind of method of the ceramics particle strengthened steel of the micro biphase in original position |
| CN109609798A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-12 | 吉林大学 | A kind of micro micro-nano miscellaneous granules REINFORCED Al-Cu-Mg-Si plate controlled rolling preparation method |
| CN112647029A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-04-13 | 西安理工大学 | TiB enhanced TMCs with three-dimensional pellet composite structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN112647029B (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2022-06-24 | 西安理工大学 | TiB enhanced TMCs with three-dimensional pellet composite structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN114833338A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-08-02 | 西安交通大学 | Chemical plating NiMo modified TiB 2 -TiC particle reinforced high manganese steel base composite material and preparation method thereof |
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