CN101157037A - A method for preparing biology diesel oil and the used magnetic solid base catalyst - Google Patents

A method for preparing biology diesel oil and the used magnetic solid base catalyst Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101157037A
CN101157037A CNA2007101683299A CN200710168329A CN101157037A CN 101157037 A CN101157037 A CN 101157037A CN A2007101683299 A CNA2007101683299 A CN A2007101683299A CN 200710168329 A CN200710168329 A CN 200710168329A CN 101157037 A CN101157037 A CN 101157037A
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solid base
oil
base catalyst
catalyst
magnetic solid
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鲁晓勇
鲍德艳
苏明华
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ZHONGXING ENERGY TECHNOLOGY (WUHAN) Co Ltd
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ZHONGXING ENERGY TECHNOLOGY (WUHAN) Co Ltd
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Priority to CNA2007101683299A priority Critical patent/CN101157037A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11CFATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C3/00Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
    • C11C3/003Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fatty acids with alcohols
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/20Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to magnetic solid base catalyst, which comprises catalyst carrier of 30 wt percent to 70 wt percent and active component of 30 wt percent to 70 wt percent. The catalyst carrier is a magnetic substance, and the active component is divided into oxide of alkali metal or alkali earth metal, hydroxide, or salt. The invention also provides a method for preparing bio-diesel oil; vegetable oil, methanol, and the magnetic solid base catalyst are mixed, the time of stirring the reaction is 2 to 6 hours under 65 plus or minus 5 DEG C, thus the bio-diesel oil is obtained through the separation; wherein, the mol ratio of the methanol and the vegetable oil is 6 -12:1, and the quantity of the catalyst is 1 wt percent to 10 wt percent of the weight of the vegetable oil. The production process of the magnetic solid base catalyst of the invention is simple, the cost is inexpensive, the magnetic solid base catalyst is used in the ester interchange reaction of the bio-diesel oil preparation, the catalytic performance is superior, and the magnetic solid base catalyst can be separated, recovered and reused after the ester interchange reaction is finished.

Description

A kind of preparation method of bio-diesel oil and used magnetic solid base catalyst
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnetic solid base catalyst and prepare method of bio-diesel oil, and the preparation method of magnetic solid base catalyst.
Background technology
The energy is human survival, economic development, the indispensable important substance resource of social progress, is the grand strategy goods and materials that concern economic life line of the country and national defense safety.In today of energy scarcity, develop the attention that shortage that reproducible biodiesel (Biodiesel) remedies fossil energy more and more is subjected to countries in the world.
Biodiesel is referred to as " regeneration fuel oil ", is to be raw material with animal and plant fat and low-carbon alcohols, through fatty acid methyl ester or the fatty-acid ethyl ester class mixture that catalysis processes, is a kind of fine-quality diesel oil substitute.Compare with conventional diesel oil, biodiesel has the good feature of environmental protection, security preferably, good fuel, recyclability, good lubricating property and uses excellent properties such as adaptability.
Current, the suitability for industrialized production of biodiesel adopts homogeneous catalysis esterification or ester-interchange method mostly both at home and abroad, though catalytic efficiency is higher, its shortcoming is also very outstanding.Especially show: catalyst and product separation difficulty, be difficult to recycling, and a large amount of spent acid alkali lye dischargings are arranged in the last handling process, environmental pollution is serious.And in the production of biodiesel process, adopt solid to substitute homogeneous catalyst as catalyst, and make product and catalyst separation easy, can avoid the discharging of a large amount of waste liquids, effectively prevent the pollution of the environment; The easily-activated regeneration of solid catalyst can reuse simultaneously, has to reduce production costs, and simplifies technological process, is convenient to the characteristics of continued operation.
In the existing document, Tian Danbi. carrier nanometer catalyst KF/Al 2O 3Preparation and application study thereof. Nanjing University of Technology's doctorate paper, 2004, it uses the Al of nanoscale 2O 3As preparing carriers nanocatalyst KF/Al 2O 3Though catalytic activity significantly improves, increased separating difficulty.Existing patent CN1470323A, adopt liquid-liquid reactions to prepare the magnetic Nano solid base catalyst, comprise the preparation of nano-magnetic nuclear powder, magnetic precursor preparation, three step of magnetic catalyst preparation preparation process, wherein the preparation of nano-magnetic nuclear powder and magnetic precursor is finished in be all-trans mixed liquid film reactor and crystallizing kettle, must strictly control the sample pH value value, reaction condition requires high, and manufacturing cycle is long, is unfavorable for industrialization.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provides a kind of preparation method of bio-diesel oil and used magnetic solid base catalyst at the problems referred to above, the magnetic solid base catalyst production technology is simple, with low cost, catalytic performance is superior, ester exchange reaction finishes the separable recycling in back, and significantly reduces environmental pollution.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is: magnetic solid base catalyst, comprise catalyst carrier and active component, it is characterized in that: catalyst carrier is a magnetisable material, active component is oxide, hydroxide or the salt of alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal, wherein magnetisable material is the 30%-70% of magnetic solid base catalyst weight, and the oxide of alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal, hydroxide or salt are the 30%-70% of magnetic solid base catalyst weight.
Described magnetisable material is Fe 3O 4, Fe 2O 3, NiO, CoO, Mn 2O 3, at least a in the iron-nickel alloy, ferroaluminium; Described alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal are at least a among Na, K, Mg, the Ca.
The preparation method of magnetic solid base catalyst of the present invention is as follows:
By described catalyst proportion with oxide, hydroxide or the salt of magnetisable material and alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal after mechanical agitation is fully mixed, the binding agent (concentration is the polyvinyl alcohol water solution of 5wt%-10wt%) that adds 1wt%-10wt% is uniformly dispersed it in said mixture, cross the 40-120 mesh sieve; With this mixture in Muffle furnace in 500-800 ℃ of roasting and be incubated 2-6h, promptly get magnetic solid base catalyst.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of bio-diesel oil, and vegetable oil, methyl alcohol and above-mentioned magnetic solid base catalyst are mixed, and 65 ± 5 ℃ of following stirring reaction time 2-6h separate obtaining biodiesel; Wherein the mol ratio of methyl alcohol and vegetable oil is 6-12: 1, catalyst amount is the 1wt%-10wt% of vegetable oil weight.
Add the cosolvent oxolane when vegetable oil, methyl alcohol and magnetic solid base catalyst mix, oxolane is the 0%-15% of vegetable oil weight.
Described vegetable oil is at least a in soybean oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil, cottonseed oil, rice bran oil, lacquer tree seed oil, the camphor tree seed oil.
Above-mentioned being separated into: solid base catalyst is separated reclaim earlier, more remaining liquid reaction mixture is carried out centrifugation or standing separation.
Realize that with magnetic separator and by the magnetic field intensity of regulating magnetic separator separation is reclaimed to magnetic solid base catalyst.
Magnetic solid base catalyst production technology of the present invention is simple, with low cost, is used for the ester exchange reaction of biodiesel manufacture, and catalytic performance is superior, and ester exchange reaction finishes the separable recycling in back.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Take by weighing 10.00g Fe 3O 4, 15.73g Ca (Ac) 2H 2O is after mechanical agitation is fully mixed, and the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that adds 1wt% is uniformly dispersed it in said mixture, crosses 40 mesh sieves; With this mixture in Muffle furnace in 500 ℃ of roastings and be incubated 4h, promptly get magnetic solid base catalyst.
With soybean oil, methyl alcohol is raw material, and the magnetic solid base that makes is a catalyst, and molar ratio of methanol to oil 9: 1, catalyst amount are 65 ℃ for heavy 8wt%, stirring reaction time 4h, the reaction temperature of oil.Reaction finishes to see the obvious layering of product, and solid catalyst falls to the bottom.It is isolated solid base catalyst through magnetic separator, then liquefied mixture is placed the pear shape separatory funnel standing separation, upper solution is light yellow, clear after a period of time, is biodiesel, and lower floor is a byproduct glycerine.Obtain by gas chromatographic detection that fatty acid methyl ester is 94.65% in the product.
Embodiment 2
Take by weighing 10.00g Fe 3O 4, 21.49g KNO 3After mechanical agitation was fully mixed, the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that adds 2wt% was uniformly dispersed it in said mixture, crossed 80 mesh sieves; With this mixture in Muffle furnace in 800 ℃ of roastings and be incubated 6h, promptly get magnetic solid base catalyst.
With rapeseed oil, methyl alcohol is raw material, and the magnetic solid base that makes is a catalyst, and molar ratio of methanol to oil 12: 1, catalyst amount are 60 ℃ for heavy 1wt%, stirring reaction time 5h, the reaction temperature of oil.Reaction finishes to see the obvious layering of product, and solid catalyst falls to the bottom.It is isolated solid base catalyst through magnetic separator, then liquefied mixture is utilized the centrifuge centrifugation, the centrifuge tube upper solution is light yellow, clear after the centrifugal end, is biodiesel, and lower floor is a byproduct glycerine.Obtain by gas chromatographic detection that fatty acid methyl ester is 89.23% in the product.
Embodiment 3
Take by weighing 4.29g Fe 2O 3, 13.23g Ca (OH) 2After mechanical agitation was fully mixed, the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that adds 3wt% was uniformly dispersed it in said mixture, crossed 120 mesh sieves; With this mixture in Muffle furnace in 600 ℃ of roastings and be incubated 6h, promptly get magnetic solid base catalyst.
With palm oil, methyl alcohol is raw material, and the magnetic solid base that makes is a catalyst, and molar ratio of methanol to oil 12: 1, catalyst amount are 65 ℃ for heavy 2wt%, stirring reaction time 5h, the reaction temperature of oil.Reaction finishes to see the obvious layering of product, and solid catalyst falls to the bottom.It is isolated solid base catalyst through magnetic separator, then liquefied mixture is placed the pear shape separatory funnel standing separation, upper solution is light yellow, clear after a period of time, is biodiesel, and lower floor is a byproduct glycerine.Obtain by gas chromatographic detection that fatty acid methyl ester is 90.54% in the product.
Embodiment 4
Take by weighing 10.00g NiO, 21.00g MgCO 3After mechanical agitation was fully mixed, the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that adds 10wt% was uniformly dispersed it in said mixture, crossed 60 mesh sieves; With this mixture in Muffle furnace in 700 ℃ of roastings and be incubated 3h, promptly get magnetic solid base catalyst.
With soybean oil, methyl alcohol is raw material, and the magnetic solid base that makes is a catalyst, and molar ratio of methanol to oil 6: 1, catalyst amount experimentize for heavy 10wt%, stirring reaction time 5h, the reaction temperature of oil is 70 ℃.Reaction finishes to see the obvious layering of product, and solid catalyst falls to the bottom.It is isolated solid base catalyst through magnetic separator, then liquefied mixture is placed the pear shape separatory funnel standing separation, upper solution is light yellow, clear after a period of time, is biodiesel, and lower floor is a byproduct glycerine.Obtain by gas chromatographic detection that fatty acid methyl ester is 95.74% in the product.
Embodiment 5
Take by weighing 10.00g ferroaluminium, 17.10g Na 2CO 3After mechanical agitation was fully mixed, the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that adds 5wt% was uniformly dispersed it in said mixture, crossed 60 mesh sieves; With this mixture in Muffle furnace in 550 ℃ of roastings and be incubated 3h, promptly get magnetic solid base catalyst.
With lacquer tree seed oil, methyl alcohol is raw material, and the magnetic solid base that makes is a catalyst, and molar ratio of methanol to oil 9: 1, catalyst amount experimentize for heavy 6wt%, reaction time 3h, the reaction temperature of oil is 65 ℃.Reaction finishes to see the obvious layering of product, and solid catalyst falls to the bottom.It is isolated solid base catalyst through magnetic separator, then liquefied mixture is placed the pear shape separatory funnel standing separation, upper solution is light yellow, clear after a period of time, is biodiesel, and lower floor is a byproduct glycerine.Obtain by gas chromatographic detection that fatty acid methyl ester is 90.54% in the product.
Embodiment 6
Take by weighing 6.40g iron-nickel alloy, 9.60g MgO after mechanical agitation is fully mixed, the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that adds 5wt% is uniformly dispersed it in said mixture, crosses 60 mesh sieves; With this mixture in Muffle furnace in 600 ℃ of roastings and be incubated 3h, promptly get magnetic solid base catalyst.
With cottonseed oil, methyl alcohol is raw material, and the magnetic solid base that makes is a catalyst, and molar ratio of methanol to oil 10: 1, catalyst amount experimentize for heavy 8wt%, reaction time 3h, the reaction temperature of oil is 65 ℃.Reaction finishes to see the obvious layering of product, and solid catalyst falls to the bottom.It is isolated solid base catalyst through magnetic separator, then liquefied mixture is placed the pear shape separatory funnel standing separation, upper solution is light yellow, clear after a period of time, is biodiesel, and lower floor is a byproduct glycerine.Obtain by gas chromatographic detection that fatty acid methyl ester is 90.85% in the product.
Embodiment 7
Take by weighing 5.00g Fe 3O 4, 5.00g CoO, 21.49g KNO 3After mechanical agitation was fully mixed, the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that adds 6wt% was uniformly dispersed it in said mixture, crossed 80 mesh sieves; With this mixture in Muffle furnace in 700 ℃ of roastings and be incubated 6h, promptly get magnetic solid base catalyst.
With rice bran oil, methyl alcohol is raw material, and the magnetic solid base that makes is a catalyst, and molar ratio of methanol to oil 8: 1, catalyst amount experimentize for oil heavy 5wt%, cosolvent THF are that heavy 15wt%, reaction time 3h, the reaction temperature of oil is 70 ℃.Reaction finishes to see the obvious layering of product, and solid catalyst falls to the bottom.It is isolated solid base catalyst through magnetic separator, then liquefied mixture is placed the pear shape separatory funnel standing separation, upper solution is light yellow, clear after a period of time, is biodiesel, and lower floor is a byproduct glycerine.Obtain by gas chromatographic detection that fatty acid methyl ester is 88.54% in the product.
Embodiment 8
Take by weighing 6.70gCaO after pulverising mill is pulverized, take by weighing 6.00g Fe again 2O 3, 4.00gMn 2O 3After mechanical agitation was fully mixed, the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that adds 5wt% was uniformly dispersed it in said mixture with the CaO powder, crossed 120 mesh sieves; With this mixture in Muffle furnace in 700 ℃ of roastings and be incubated 6h, promptly get magnetic solid base catalyst.
With camphor tree seed oil, methyl alcohol is raw material, and the magnetic solid base that makes is a catalyst, and molar ratio of methanol to oil 10: 1, catalyst amount experimentize for oil heavy 6wt%, cosolvent THF are that heavy 10wt%, reaction time 4h, the reaction temperature of oil is 65 ℃.Reaction finishes to see the obvious layering of product, and solid catalyst falls to the bottom.It is isolated solid base catalyst through magnetic separator, then liquefied mixture is placed the pear shape separatory funnel standing separation, upper solution is light yellow, clear after a period of time, is biodiesel, and lower floor is a byproduct glycerine.Obtain by gas chromatographic detection that fatty acid methyl ester is 96.06% in the product.
Embodiment 9
Take by weighing 6.70gCaO after pulverising mill is pulverized, take by weighing 3.30g MgO, 6.00g Fe again 2O 3, 4.00g Mn 2O 3After mechanical agitation was fully mixed, the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that adds 10wt% was uniformly dispersed it in said mixture with the CaO powder, crossed 120 mesh sieves; With this mixture in Muffle furnace in 700 ℃ of roastings and be incubated 6h, promptly get magnetic solid base catalyst.
With soybean oil, methyl alcohol is raw material, and the magnetic solid base that makes is a catalyst, and molar ratio of methanol to oil 9: 1, catalyst amount experimentize for oil heavy 5wt%, cosolvent THF are that heavy 10wt%, reaction time 4h, the reaction temperature of oil is 65 ℃.Reaction finishes to see the obvious layering of product, and solid catalyst falls to the bottom.It is isolated solid base catalyst through magnetic separator, then liquefied mixture is placed the pear shape separatory funnel standing separation, upper solution is light yellow, clear after a period of time, is biodiesel, and lower floor is a byproduct glycerine.Obtain by gas chromatographic detection that fatty acid methyl ester is 98.23% in the product.
Embodiment 10
Solid catalyst after the embodiment 8 reaction end is recycled.When reaction finishes the gained mixture is isolated solid base catalyst through magnetic separator, with its recycling, the rate of recovery reaches 95.50%.
With camphor tree seed oil, methyl alcohol is raw material, and the magnetic solid base of recovery is a catalyst, and molar ratio of methanol to oil 10: 1, catalyst amount experimentize for oil heavy 6wt%, cosolvent THF are that heavy 10wt%, reaction time 4h, the reaction temperature of oil is 65 ℃.Reaction finishes to see the obvious layering of product, and solid catalyst falls to the bottom.It is isolated solid base catalyst through magnetic separator, then liquefied mixture is placed the pear shape separatory funnel standing separation, upper solution is light yellow, clear after a period of time, is biodiesel, and lower floor is a byproduct glycerine.Obtain by gas chromatographic detection that fatty acid methyl ester is 95.22% in the product.After repeating to recycle 8 times, record ester exchange rate and still reach 88.96%.

Claims (7)

1. magnetic solid base catalyst, comprise catalyst carrier and active component, it is characterized in that: catalyst carrier is a magnetisable material, active component is oxide, hydroxide or the salt of alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal, wherein magnetisable material is the 30%-70% of magnetic solid base catalyst weight, and the oxide of alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal, hydroxide or salt are the 30%-70% of magnetic solid base catalyst weight.
2. magnetic solid base catalyst according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described magnetisable material is Fe 3O 4, Fe 2O 3, NiO, CoO, Mn 2O 3, at least a in the iron-nickel alloy, ferroaluminium; Described alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal are at least a among Na, K, Mg, the Ca.
3. adopt claim 1 or 2 described magnetic solid base catalysts to prepare method of bio-diesel oil, vegetable oil, methyl alcohol and magnetic solid base catalyst are mixed, 65 ± 5 ℃ of following stirring reaction time 2-6h separate obtaining biodiesel; Wherein the mol ratio of methyl alcohol and vegetable oil is 6-12: 1, catalyst amount is the 1wt%-10wt% of vegetable oil weight.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: add the cosolvent oxolane when vegetable oil, methyl alcohol and magnetic solid base catalyst mix, oxolane is the 0%-15% of vegetable oil weight.
5. according to claim 3 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that: described vegetable oil is at least a in soybean oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil, cottonseed oil, rice bran oil, lacquer tree seed oil, the camphor tree seed oil.
6. according to claim 3 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that: described being separated into, magnetic solid base catalyst is separated reclaim earlier, more remaining liquid reaction mixture is carried out centrifugation or standing separation.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: realize that with magnetic separator and by the magnetic field intensity of regulating magnetic separator separation is reclaimed to magnetic solid base catalyst.
CNA2007101683299A 2007-11-12 2007-11-12 A method for preparing biology diesel oil and the used magnetic solid base catalyst Pending CN101157037A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104212642A (en) * 2014-08-19 2014-12-17 中山市康和化工有限公司 Preparation method for low-viscosity methyl soyate
CN104492436A (en) * 2014-12-12 2015-04-08 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 Carbon-based magnetic solid alkali catalyst and application thereof
CN105542955A (en) * 2016-01-15 2016-05-04 广西阔能霸能源科技开发有限责任公司 Method for increasing yield of biodiesel
CN106807447A (en) * 2015-11-27 2017-06-09 南京威安新材料科技有限公司 The preparation method of production of biodiesel composite catalyst
CN112808273A (en) * 2021-02-04 2021-05-18 福州大学 MgFe hydrotalcite-based catalyst and application thereof in production of biodiesel by hydrogenation and deoxidation of suspension bed

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104212642A (en) * 2014-08-19 2014-12-17 中山市康和化工有限公司 Preparation method for low-viscosity methyl soyate
CN104492436A (en) * 2014-12-12 2015-04-08 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 Carbon-based magnetic solid alkali catalyst and application thereof
CN104492436B (en) * 2014-12-12 2016-09-07 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 A kind of carbon back magnetic solid base catalyst and application thereof
CN106807447A (en) * 2015-11-27 2017-06-09 南京威安新材料科技有限公司 The preparation method of production of biodiesel composite catalyst
CN105542955A (en) * 2016-01-15 2016-05-04 广西阔能霸能源科技开发有限责任公司 Method for increasing yield of biodiesel
CN112808273A (en) * 2021-02-04 2021-05-18 福州大学 MgFe hydrotalcite-based catalyst and application thereof in production of biodiesel by hydrogenation and deoxidation of suspension bed

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