CN101145825A - Small satellite satellite-ground communication integrated system - Google Patents
Small satellite satellite-ground communication integrated system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101145825A CN101145825A CNA2007101765246A CN200710176524A CN101145825A CN 101145825 A CN101145825 A CN 101145825A CN A2007101765246 A CNA2007101765246 A CN A2007101765246A CN 200710176524 A CN200710176524 A CN 200710176524A CN 101145825 A CN101145825 A CN 101145825A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a satellite-earth communication integration system for a minisatellite, which is composed of a TT & C antenna network, a USB transponder, a remote control unit, a data processing unit, a data transmission ejector as well as a data transmission antenna. The system realizes the integration of the measurement and control and data transmission communication in the structure and the function, decreases the weight of the whole satellite, reduces the power consumption of the equipment and saves the manufacturing cost. The telemetering information and the load information share the same channel to download, which improves the utilization efficiency of the communications channel. Meanwhile, the remote control unit of the system is capable of demodulating to the uplink PSK signal, and also to the uplink acquisition data. The system has strong expansibility, which lays a basis for the application of the new data transmission technology in the satellite-earth communication integration system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of satellite communication system, particularly a kind of small satellite satellite-ground communication integrated system.
Background technology
Along with the development of information technology, integrated, the functionalized design of small satellite satellite-ground communication becomes a kind of necessary trend.The integrated design of satellite star ground communication does not also begin also rarely found abroad report at home.Existing small satellite satellite-ground communication still adopts observing and controlling passage and number to pass passage (payload data passage) transmission manner respectively, and Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 have provided the composition structure chart of a kind of typical satellite tracking-telemetry and command subsystem and data transmission subsystem respectively.As shown in Figure 1, tracking-telemetry and command subsystem is made up of answering machine, blender, broadband network and observing and controlling antenna, the observing and controlling antenna receives the radiofrequency signal of ground station, delivering to answering machine via broadband network and balanced mixer handles, the result who handles is again via balanced mixer and broadband network, then by the observing and controlling antenna transmission to ground station.As shown in Figure 2, data transmission subsystem passes antenna by data transmission terminal, number transmission transmitter and number to be formed, and load data passes antenna transmission to ground station by the number transmission transmitter via number after data transmission terminal is handled.Satellite data transmission subsystem illustrated in figures 1 and 2 and tracking-telemetry and command subsystem are independent separately on 26S Proteasome Structure and Function, have following subject matter: increased whole star weight, taken more volumes; Expend more whole energy source of star; Up remote control mode only has the PSK mode, takies communication channel but data quantity transmitted is few, and the communication channel utilization ratio is low; Aspect reliability and fail safe, be difficult to adapt to the satellite star the requirements at the higher level of communicating by letter.Therefore, existing observing and controlling passes the mode of separately carrying out system design with number and be unsuitable for doing further application on moonlet.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of small satellite satellite-ground communication integrated system that integrates satellite observing and controlling, number biography and remote control is provided.
Technical solution of the present invention is: small satellite satellite-ground communication integrated system is characterized in that comprising: observing and controlling aerial network, USB answering machine, remote control unit, data processing unit, number pass transmitter unit and number passes antenna, wherein:
Observing and controlling aerial network: receive the up remote control command and the injection data of ground station's transmission and deliver to the USB answering machine; Descending remote measurement dpsk signal and load data that the USB answering machine transmits are delivered to ground station;
USB answering machine: receive the up remote control command that transmits by the observing and controlling aerial network and inject data, described remote control command and injection data are carried out demodulation, obtain psk signal, SP signal and LOCK signal and described signal is delivered to remote control unit; Descending remote measurement dpsk signal and load data that reception is transmitted by electronic equipment on the star, and will deliver to the observing and controlling aerial network after described remote measurement dpsk signal and the load data modulation;
Remote control unit: receive psk signal, SP signal and LOCK signal that the USB answering machine transmits, the above-mentioned signal that transmits is carried out demodulation, decoding, obtain direct instruction and injection data and deliver to electronic equipment on the star;
Data processing unit: carry out bus communication with electronic equipment on the star, gather self working state information and deliver to electronic equipment on the star, the multi-load data that electronic equipment on the star transmits are carried out multiple connection, framing, storage, when satellite is received the play-back command that ground sends with data scrambling, coding back generated code flow data and deliver to number and pass transmitter unit;
Number passes transmitter unit: receive the bit stream data that is transmitted by data processing unit, deliver to number after described bit stream data is modulated, amplified and pass antenna;
Number passes antenna: receive that number passes that transmitter unit transmits through modulation and the bit stream data after amplifying and described data are sent to ground station.
Described USB answering machine comprises USB upstream cell and USB downstream units; The USB upstream cell comprises first uplink receiver and second uplink receiver, two receivers are Hot Spare each other, up remote control command and injection data that reception is transmitted by the observing and controlling aerial network, described remote control command and injection data are carried out demodulation, obtain psk signal, SP signal and LOCK signal and deliver to remote control unit; The USB downstream units comprises first downstream transmitter and second downstream transmitter, two transmitters are cold standby each other, descending remote measurement dpsk signal and load data that reception is transmitted by electronic equipment on the star, and will deliver to the observing and controlling aerial network after described remote measurement dpsk signal and the load data modulation.
Described remote control unit comprises interface-crossover, the first remote control decoder, second remote control decoder and the driver; Psk signal, SP signal and the LOCK signal that first uplink receiver in the interface-crossover reception USB answering machine and second uplink receiver transmit also passed to the first remote control decoder and the second remote control decoder respectively; The first remote control decoder and second decoder be Hot Spare each other, and psk signal, SP signal and LOCK signal that the USB answering machine is transmitted carry out demodulation, decoding, obtains direct instruction and injection data and delivers to electronic equipment on the star; Driver is responsible for driving the first remote control decoder and the second remote control decoder.
Described data processing unit comprises first slave computer, second slave computer, first solid-state memory, second solid-state memory, multiplexer and output interface; Multiplexer receives the multiple load data that is transmitted by electronic equipment on the star and delivers to first solid-state memory or second solid-state memory; First solid-state memory and second solid-state memory be cold standby each other, and the multiple load data that multiplexer is transmitted carries out behind framing, storage, scrambling, the coding generated code flow data and deliver to number through data-interface passing transmitter units; First slave computer and second slave computer be cold standby each other, carry out bus communication with electronic equipment on the star, gather the work state information of first solid-state memory and second solid-state memory and deliver to electronic equipment on the star, commands for controlling first solid-state memory that electronic equipment transmits on the reception star and the operating state of second solid-state memory.
Described number passes transmitter unit and is made up of number transmission transmitter and the number source of conducting electricity; The number transmission transmitter receives the bit stream data that the data-interface in the data processing unit transmits, and delivers to number after described bit stream data is modulated, amplified and passes antenna; Count the source logarithm that conducts electricity and pass the transmitter unit power supply.
Described descending remote measurement dpsk signal and described load data are respectively to pass under the shared same downlink communication channel of different transmission rates.
Described up remote control command is uploaded with the shared same uplink communication channel of different transmission rates respectively with described injection data.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage: small satellite satellite-ground communication integrated system, comprise observing and controlling aerial network, USB answering machine, remote control unit, data processing unit, number biography transmitter unit and number and pass antenna, system passes system integration design with TT﹠C system and number, realized that observing and controlling, digital transmission communication are in function and structural integrated design, reduced whole star weight, reduce the satellite power consumption, saved production cost; Telemetry intelligence (TELINT), load information can pass down by shared same channel, have improved the utilization ratio of communication channel; Simultaneously, remote control unit both can be carried out demodulation to psk signal, also can carry out demodulation to up injection data, and the system expandability is strong.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is traditional satellite tracking-telemetry and command subsystem composition frame chart;
Fig. 2 is traditional satellite data transmission subsystem composition frame chart;
Fig. 3 is the composition frame chart of system of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the composition structure and the frequency FB(flow block) of USB answering machine of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the remote state transition diagram of remote control unit of the present invention;
Fig. 6 passes the composition frame chart of transmitter unit for number of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 3, satellite star ground communication integrated system of the present invention mainly passes transmitter unit by observing and controlling aerial network, USB answering machine, remote control unit, data processing unit, number and counts the biography antenna and form.The USB answering machine is finished satellite and is surveyed the rail task in emission section of entering the orbit and the satellite tracking of section in orbit, comprises USB upstream cell and USB downstream units.The USB upstream cell can be set up the data feedback channel of range finding sidetone, remote control command, data injection, two-way Doppler range rate measurement, finish reception, demodulation and decoding by remote control unit then to satellite remote command, up injection data, export the injection data that demodulate on star electronic equipment, export the remote control command that demodulates on the star other equipment through electronic equipment on the star.The USB downstream units can be set up the down going channel of range finding sidetone, telemetry and two-way Doppler range rate measurement, finishes the following biography of telemetry and the forwarding of range finding sidetone signal.Data processing unit carries out multiple connection, framing and storage to the load data that electronic equipment on the star transmits, and when satellite is received the play-back command that ground sends, will data scrambling, be sent to number behind the coding and pass transmitter units; Slave computer in the data processing unit communicates by electronic equipment on CAN bus and the star, the work state information of data processing unit is delivered to electronic equipment on the star, receive the control command of electronic equipment on the star, the control solid-state memory is finished multiple connection, framing and the storage to load data.Number biography transmitter unit has real-time number and passes and two kinds of transmission meanss of time-delay number biography, but the real-time working pattern is in ground station's range of receiving, receives payload data, passes passage by number and be real-time transmitted to ground station after processing such as formatting, scrambling, coding; The delay working pattern is carried out processing such as framing, scrambling, coding for the payload data that receives is stored in earlier in the solid-state memory, after certain hour postpones again modulation amplify and under pass to ground station.
System of the present invention is based on digitizer, adopts the digital modulation and demodulation technology, compatible USB mode of operation, and up remote signal 2000bps, subcarrier 8000Hz injects data 64kbps time-sharing work with uploading; Load data can pass down with the shared observing and controlling channel of telemetry, passes to ground under the telemetry code speed by remote measurement 1 6384bps or 4096bps, with the transmission of the dual assurance load data of number biography passage.The number biography bit rate that number passes transmitter unit is 2Mbps, and possesses extensibility, can support the following line number of 5Mbps～10Mbps to pass bit rate after carrying out adaptations.
As shown in Figure 3, the USB answering machine comprises USB upstream cell and USB downstream units.The USB upstream cell comprises first uplink receiver and second uplink receiver, two receivers are Hot Spare each other, up remote control command and injection data that reception is transmitted by the observing and controlling aerial network, described remote control command and injection data are carried out demodulation, obtain psk signal, SP signal and LOCK signal and deliver to remote control unit.The USB downstream units comprises first downstream transmitter and second downstream transmitter, two transmitters are cold standby each other, descending remote measurement dpsk signal and load data that reception is transmitted by electronic equipment on the star, and will deliver to the observing and controlling aerial network after described remote measurement dpsk signal and the load data modulation.As shown in Figure 4, be the composition structure and the frequency flow process theory diagram of USB answering machine of the present invention, be illustrated as the flow process when having only single receiver and individual transmitter work.The USB answering machine receives the up remote control command that is transmitted by the observing and controlling aerial network and injects data, after carrying out the low noise amplification, be mixed to intermediate frequency, then intermediate-freuqncy signal amplified and utilize phase-locked loop to carry out phase-detecting, demodulation and produce psk signal, SP signal and LOCK signal and deliver to remote control unit; Radio-frequency (RF) switch is finished relevant, the incoherent task of up-downgoing unit.The USB answering machine also to descending remote measurement dpsk signal and load data modulate, power amplification, be sent to the observing and controlling aerial network then and be sent to ground station.According to the standard of CCSDS about communication channel coding and transfer of data, pass under the telemetry code speed of may command load data by remote measurement 16384bps or 4096bps, realize the function that telemetry intelligence (TELINT), load information pass under same channel.
As shown in Figure 3, remote control unit comprises interface-crossover, the first remote control decoder, second remote control decoder and the driver; Psk signal, SP signal and the LOCK signal that first uplink receiver in the interface-crossover reception USB answering machine and second uplink receiver transmit also passed to the first remote control decoder and the second remote control decoder respectively; The first remote control decoder and second decoder be Hot Spare each other, and psk signal, SP signal and LOCK signal that the USB answering machine is transmitted carry out demodulation, decoding, obtains direct instruction and injection data and delivers to electronic equipment on the star; Driver is responsible for driving the first remote control decoder and the second remote control decoder.Remote control unit adopts the FPGA of anti-fuse to realize on the basis of inheriting the design of remote control in the past.In remote control unit of the present invention, realize digital phase-locked loop with the medium scale integrated circuit that the FPGA replacement of anti-fuse structures is traditional, dwindled the circuit volume, reduced power consumption.Larger because of FPGA can also be integrated therein as functions such as ambiguity solution, decodings, improves the integrated level of system.
In model before, only contain traditional psk signal, system design adopted of the present invention the coexistences of psk signal and up injection data (64kbps), the transmission means that can change each other.As shown in Figure 5, be the remote state transition diagram of remote control unit of the present invention.Switch and switch two kinds of instructions by PSK to SP and finish switching between PSK command status and the SP command status by SP to PSK; Drive and annotate several the switches that close control notes number state by annotating several.When the injection data CRC check of receiving is correct, valid data are issued to electronic equipment on the star by ground station's emission execution command.Only just test instruction is handled when PSK annotates number state and SP notes number state, and entered the error rate test of current state when system is in.Be back to the PSK command status when receiving when returning user's attitude instruction or powerup/reset instruction.System will refresh telemetry in real time when carrying out state transition.
As shown in Figure 3, data processing unit is made up of interface circuit, multiplexer, first slave computer and second slave computer, first solid-state memory and second solid-state memory.Data processing unit of the present invention can carry out data multiplexing, framing, storage to the multiple payload data that electronic equipment on the star transmits simultaneously by multiplexer, when satellite was received the play-back command that ground station sends, solid-state memory was delivered to number after with data scrambling, coding and is passed transmitter units; Data processing unit also can be delivered to number to the direct scrambling of multiple payload data, coding that electronic equipment on the star transmits and pass transmitter unit; First slave computer and second slave computer be cold standby each other, carry out bus communication with electronic equipment on the star, gather the work state information of first solid-state memory and second solid-state memory and deliver to electronic equipment on the star, receive the instruction that electronic equipment transmits on the star and control first solid-state memory and the operating state of second solid-state memory; First solid-state memory and second solid-state memory be cold standby each other, and the multiple load data that multiplexer is transmitted carries out behind framing, storage, scrambling, the coding generated code flow data and deliver to number through data-interface passing transmitter units.
As shown in Figure 6, pass the transmitter unit composition frame chart for number of the present invention.Number passes transmitter unit and is made up of local oscillator, qpsk modulator, power amplifier, output filter, power filter.Number passes transmitter unit and receives I, the Q two-way code stream that data processing unit transmits, for downlink data provides QPSK modulation and radio-frequency channel, carry out the enough radio-frequency powers of output after power amplification, the filtering simultaneously, so as the ground receiver system can be normally, work reliably.
The content that is not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belongs to this area professional and technical personnel's known technology.
Claims (7)
1. small satellite satellite-ground communication integrated system is characterized in that comprising: observing and controlling aerial network, USB answering machine, remote control unit, data processing unit, number pass transmitter unit and number passes antenna, wherein:
Observing and controlling aerial network: receive the up remote control command and the injection data of ground station's transmission and deliver to the USB answering machine; Descending remote measurement dpsk signal and load data that the USB answering machine transmits are delivered to ground station;
USB answering machine: receive the up remote control command that transmits by the observing and controlling aerial network and inject data, described remote control command and injection data are carried out demodulation, obtain psk signal, SP signal and LOCK signal and described signal is delivered to remote control unit; Descending remote measurement dpsk signal and load data that reception is transmitted by electronic equipment on the star, and will deliver to the observing and controlling aerial network after described remote measurement dpsk signal and the load data modulation;
Remote control unit: receive psk signal, SP signal and LOCK signal that the USB answering machine transmits, the above-mentioned signal that transmits is carried out demodulation, decoding, obtain direct instruction and injection data and deliver to electronic equipment on the star;
Data processing unit: carry out bus communication with electronic equipment on the star, gather self working state information and deliver to electronic equipment on the star, the multi-load data that electronic equipment on the star transmits are carried out multiple connection, framing, storage, when satellite is received the play-back command that ground sends with data scrambling, coding back generated code flow data and deliver to number and pass transmitter unit;
Number passes transmitter unit: receive the bit stream data that is transmitted by data processing unit, deliver to number after described bit stream data is modulated, amplified and pass antenna;
Number passes antenna: receive that number passes that transmitter unit transmits through modulation and the bit stream data after amplifying and described data are sent to ground station.
2. small satellite satellite-ground communication integrated system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described USB answering machine comprises USB upstream cell and USB downstream units; The USB upstream cell comprises first uplink receiver and second uplink receiver, two receivers are Hot Spare each other, up remote control command and injection data that reception is transmitted by the observing and controlling aerial network, described remote control command and injection data are carried out demodulation, obtain psk signal, SP signal and LOCK signal and deliver to remote control unit; The USB downstream units comprises first downstream transmitter and second downstream transmitter, two transmitters are cold standby each other, descending remote measurement dpsk signal and load data that reception is transmitted by electronic equipment on the star, and will deliver to the observing and controlling aerial network after described remote measurement dpsk signal and the load data modulation.
3. small satellite satellite-ground communication integrated system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described remote control unit comprises interface-crossover, the first remote control decoder, second remote control decoder and the driver; Psk signal, SP signal and the LOCK signal that first uplink receiver in the interface-crossover reception USB answering machine and second uplink receiver transmit also passed to the first remote control decoder and the second remote control decoder respectively; The first remote control decoder and second decoder be Hot Spare each other, and psk signal, SP signal and LOCK signal that the USB answering machine is transmitted carry out demodulation, decoding, obtains direct instruction and injection data and delivers to electronic equipment on the star; Driver is responsible for driving the first remote control decoder and the second remote control decoder.
4. small satellite satellite-ground communication integrated system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described data processing unit comprises first slave computer, second slave computer, first solid-state memory, second solid-state memory, multiplexer and output interface; Multiplexer receives the multiple load data that is transmitted by electronic equipment on the star and delivers to first solid-state memory or second solid-state memory; First solid-state memory and second solid-state memory be cold standby each other, and the multiple load data that multiplexer is transmitted carries out behind framing, storage, scrambling, the coding generated code flow data and deliver to number through data-interface passing transmitter units; First slave computer and second slave computer be cold standby each other, carry out bus communication with electronic equipment on the star, gather the work state information of first solid-state memory and second solid-state memory and deliver to electronic equipment on the star, commands for controlling first solid-state memory that electronic equipment transmits on the reception star and the operating state of second solid-state memory.
5. small satellite satellite-ground communication integrated system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described number passes transmitter unit and is made up of number transmission transmitter and the number source of conducting electricity; The number transmission transmitter receives the bit stream data that the data-interface in the data processing unit transmits, and delivers to number after described bit stream data is modulated, amplified and passes antenna; Count the source logarithm that conducts electricity and pass the transmitter unit power supply.
6. small satellite satellite-ground communication integrated system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described descending remote measurement dpsk signal and described load data are respectively to pass under the shared same downlink communication channel of different transmission rates.
7. small satellite satellite-ground communication integrated system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described up remote control command is uploaded with the shared same uplink communication channel of different transmission rates respectively with described injection data.
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| CN101902069A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2010-12-01 | 中国航天科技集团公司第九研究院第七七一研究所 | Cold backup double-machine switching circuit |
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Application publication date: 20080319 |