CN101144836A - Voltage detection circuit and control method - Google Patents

Voltage detection circuit and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101144836A
CN101144836A CNA2006101516658A CN200610151665A CN101144836A CN 101144836 A CN101144836 A CN 101144836A CN A2006101516658 A CNA2006101516658 A CN A2006101516658A CN 200610151665 A CN200610151665 A CN 200610151665A CN 101144836 A CN101144836 A CN 101144836A
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China
Prior art keywords
voltage
reference voltage
battery
proportional
electric current
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CNA2006101516658A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李建宏
黄德爋
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Feature Integration Technology Inc
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Feature Integration Technology Inc
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Priority to CNA2006101516658A priority Critical patent/CN101144836A/en
Publication of CN101144836A publication Critical patent/CN101144836A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The present invention discloses a voltage checking circuit for checking the voltages of a plurality of batteries in a serial pile, and includes a plurality of voltage dividers, a reference voltage generator, and a plurality of comparators. The voltage dividers generate dividing voltage of corresponding batteries, and transmit the dividing voltage of the batteries to corresponding comparators. Simultaneously, the comparators receive reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generator through a current which is in direct proportion to the absolute temperature to compare the reference voltage with the dividing voltage of the batteries; whether the batteries are charged or discharged can be checked out according to the compared result of the reference voltage and the dividing voltage.

Description

Voltage detecting circuit and method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of voltage detecting circuit, relate in particular to a kind of testing circuit and method thereof that is used for detecting the cell voltage of series battery.
Background technology
Rechargeable battery is in the use because can use and quite economic convenience by recharge.Yet when rechargeable battery charges, must note the protection of charging, take place the disaster except avoiding like this, also can prolong the life-span of rechargeable battery.
And the protection of battery charge; nothing more than the charging voltage on battery charge time monitoring battery; if when finding battery overcharge or overdischarge; promptly send the signal that stops to charge or stop to discharge and control charge-discharge circuit; so that charged battery voltage maintains permissible scope, and the safety of protection rechargeable battery.
If have only single battery in general electric battery, it is then comparatively simple to detect its voltage.Tell the magnitude of voltage of predetermined detection as long as utilize divider resistance.Yet when the battery of series connection more than two groups or two groups,, promptly be emphasis in the battery protection design so obtain a reference voltage because the battery that detects not is to be with reference to earth point with same earth terminal.
Yet at existing series battery electric voltage observation circuit, shown in the circuit diagram of the existing voltage detecting circuit among Fig. 1, desire detects battery B on the serial connection electric battery 1Detection voltage V B1, be to utilize a subtraction circuit S to receive battery B 1Voltage V 1, and reception is serially connected with battery B 1Next stage battery B 2Voltage V 2Voltage V 1And voltage V 2Through resistance R and operational amplifier O among the subtraction circuit S pComputing after, promptly produce battery B 1Voltage V B1, its value is voltage V 1Subtract voltage V 2Magnitude of voltage.Detect battery B by that analogy 2Detection voltage V B2, just power taking pond B 2Voltage V 2Be serially connected with battery B 2Next stage battery B 3Voltage V 3Come computing.After learning each cell voltage, judge according to these voltages whether corresponding battery has again and overcharge or the situation of overdischarge.
Yet the detected voltage that comes of existing series battery electric voltage observation circuit can be because mutually offset and produce error and more inaccurate, and this will influence and overcharge and the judgement of overdischarge; And its area of electric voltage observation circuit of forming by subtraction circuit is bigger, causes the restriction in design of related application circuit.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention utilizes a generation circuit generation one that is proportional to the electric current (IPTAT) of absolute temperature to be proportional to the electric current (IPTAT) of absolute temperature, and offer a plurality of generating circuit from reference voltage simultaneously, to produce the cell voltage that reference voltage more accurately detects series battery.Promote accuracy that detects voltage and the area that dwindles voltage detecting circuit with this.
The invention provides a kind of voltage detecting circuit, be used for detecting the voltage of a plurality of batteries of series battery, comprise a plurality of voltage dividers, corresponding positive pole and the negative pole that connects above-mentioned battery of these voltage dividers is to export a branch pressure voltage of this battery; One reference voltage generator is connected in the negative terminal of above-mentioned battery, is used to export a plurality of reference voltages; And a plurality of comparers, these comparer correspondences are connected in an output terminal of these voltage dividers and this reference voltage generator, to receive this branch pressure voltage and this reference voltage, detect whereby this voltage divider corresponding this battery that connects whether have and overcharge or the situation of overdischarge.
The present invention provides a kind of voltage detection method in addition, and the voltage that is used for detecting each battery of series battery discharges and recharges situation, and step comprises: at first by the voltage of the corresponding above-mentioned battery of a plurality of voltage dividers acquisitions, to produce a branch pressure voltage of this battery; Then a generation circuit that is proportional to the electric current of absolute temperature provides an electric current that is proportional to absolute temperature, makes a plurality of generating circuit from reference voltage produce a plurality of reference voltages; Last a plurality of comparer is corresponding to receive these branch pressure voltages and this reference voltage, and relatively this branch pressure voltage and this reference voltage, discharges and recharges situation with the voltage of the battery of judging correspondence.
Reach technology, means and the effect that predetermined purpose is taked in order further to understand the present invention, see also following about detailed description of the present invention and accompanying drawing, believe purpose of the present invention, feature and characteristics, go deep into and concrete understanding when getting one thus, yet institute's accompanying drawing only provides reference and explanation usefulness, is not to be used for the present invention is limited.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of existing voltage detecting circuit;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of voltage detecting circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of reference voltage generator of the present invention; And
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of voltage detection method of the present invention.
Among the figure
Battery B 1, B 2, B 3, B n
Voltage divider D 1, D 2, D n
Comparator C 1, C 2, C n
Reference voltage generator V.
Subtraction circuit S
Operational amplifier O p, O 1
Be proportional to the generation circuit V of the electric current of absolute temperature G1
Generating circuit from reference voltage V G21, V G22, V G2n
Metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) M 11, M 12, M 21, M 22, M 2n
Transistor Q 11, Q 12, Q 21, Q 22, Q 2n
Detect voltage V B1
Resistance R, R a, R 11, R 12, R 21, R 22, R N1, R N2, R 1, R 2, R n
Branch pressure voltage V D1, V D2, V Dn
Reference voltage V F1, V F2, V Fr
Voltage V, V 1, V 2, V C1, V Cn, V a, V b
Electric current I Ra
Be proportional to the electric current I PTAT of absolute temperature
First is proportional to the electric current I PTAT1 of absolute temperature
Second is proportional to the electric current I PTAT2 of absolute temperature
N is proportional to the electric current I PTATn of absolute temperature
Embodiment
See also Fig. 2, be the circuit diagram of voltage detecting circuit of the present invention.Voltage detecting circuit of the present invention as shown in the figure comprises a plurality of battery B 1, B 2... B nEach other to be connected in series a plurality of voltage divider D 1, D 2... D n, a plurality of comparator C 1, C 2... C nAn and reference voltage generator V gVoltage divider D wherein 1Be connected in battery B 1Anode and negative terminal, to receive battery B 1Positive terminal voltage V and negative terminal voltage V C1This moment voltage divider D 1Utilize divider resistance R 11And R 12With battery B 1Voltage (V-V C1) dividing potential drop, and in divider resistance R 11With R 12Between node export a branch pressure voltage V D1And be sent to comparator C 1On the other hand, generating circuit from reference voltage V gBe connected in battery B 1Negative terminal, receive battery B 1And battery B 2Between voltage V C1, and a reference voltage V is provided F1Give comparator C 1And comparator C 1Receive branch pressure voltage V D1With reference voltage V F1, by comparing branch pressure voltage V D1With reference voltage V F1, judge this battery B 1Discharge and recharge situation.
In like manner, voltage divider D 2Be connected in battery B 2Anode and negative terminal, to receive battery B 2Positive terminal voltage Vc1 and negative terminal voltage Vc2.This moment voltage divider D 2Utilize divider resistance R 21And R 22With battery B 2Voltage (V C1-V C2) dividing potential drop, and in divider resistance R 21With R 22Between node export a branch pressure voltage V D2And export comparator C to 2On the other hand, reference voltage generator V gBe connected in battery B 2Negative terminal, receive battery B 2The voltage V of negative terminal C2, and a reference voltage V is provided F2Give comparator C 2And comparator C 2Receive branch pressure voltage V D2With reference voltage V F2, by comparing branch pressure voltage V D2With reference voltage V F2, judge this battery B 2Discharge and recharge situation.
From the above by that analogy, according to the quantity n of mesuring battary (B1, B2..., Bn), corresponding voltage divider (D1, D2..., Dn) and comparer (C1, C2..., Cn) are set in testing circuit in like manner.At the battery of series connection more than two groups or two groups because the battery that detects not is to be with reference to earth point with same earth terminal, so the present invention utilizes reference voltage generator V gOne reference voltage V is provided F1, V F2... V Fn, to detect each battery B 1, B 2... B nWhether have and overcharge or the situation of overdischarge.Reference voltage V wherein F1, V F2... V FnCan be one and overcharge or the inspection reference voltage of an overdischarge, like this by the branch pressure voltage V corresponding with each D1, V D2... V DnCompare and to learn battery B 1, B 2... B nWhether have and overcharge or the overdischarge situation.
Next description references voltage generator V gHow each comparator C is provided 1, C 2... C nOne suitable and reference voltage more accurately.See also Fig. 3, be the circuit diagram of reference voltage generator of the present invention.Reference voltage generator V as shown in the figure gComprise that one is proportional to the generation circuit V of the electric current of absolute temperature G1And a plurality of generating circuit from reference voltage V G21, V G22... V G2nWherein be proportional to the generation circuit V of the electric current of absolute temperature G1Comprise two metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) M 11, M 12, an operational amplifier O 1, a resistance R aAnd two transistor Q 11, Q 12Be proportional to the generation circuit V of the electric current of absolute temperature G1Be mainly used in produce an electric current that is proportional to absolute temperature (currents proportional to absolute temperature, IPTAT), the resistance R of just flowing through aElectric current I Ra
Be proportional to the generation circuit V of the electric current of absolute temperature G1Middle operational amplifier O 1Positive input terminal voltage V aBe similar to negative input end voltage V b(this is the operational amplifier characteristic).And transistor Q 11Base-emitter voltage V BebBe Vbeb=Vt*ln (Idb/Is) base of transistor Q12-emitter voltage V BeaBe Vbea=Vt*In (Ida/Is).So V bEqual V Beb, and be similar to V aAnd then resistance R aOn voltage can represent by following formula:
ΔVRa = Vbea - Vbeb = Vt * ln ( Ida Is * Is Idb ) = Vt * ln ( Ida Idb ) = Vt * ln 10
ΔVRa = T ( 0 K ) 11600 * ln 10 = 0.059152617 V
Then can learn the resistance R of flowing through aElectric current I RaBe IRa=0.059152617V/Ra=IPTAT.And be proportional to the electric current of electric current I PTAT for rising of absolute temperature as can be known, and can be by adjusting resistance R with temperature aSet size.And above-mentioned ln10 is transistor Q 11With Q 12Area ratio, do not limit in the present invention.
In addition, generating circuit from reference voltage V G21Comprise a metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) M 21, a resistance R 1An and transistor Q 21Generating circuit from reference voltage V G21Utilize metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) M 21The generation circuit V of the electric current of absolute temperature will be proportional to G1The electric current I PTAT mapping (mirror) that is proportional to absolute temperature that is produced is come, and forms the one first electric current I PTAT1 that is proportional to absolute temperature.Resistance R 1An end be connected in metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) M 21, the other end is connected in transistor Q 21Emitter-base bandgap grading.And transistor Q 21Base stage be connected in the negative terminal of battery B1 with the collection utmost point, receive voltage Vc1.And generating circuit from reference voltage V G21In metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) M 21With resistance R 1Between node output reference voltage V F1Give comparator C 1, this reference voltage V F1Be first to be proportional to the electric current I PTAT1 of absolute temperature in resistance R 1The voltage of last generation adds transistor Q 21Base-emitter voltage V Be1Yet transistor Q wherein 21Base-emitter voltage V Be1Be that the voltage characteristic that rises and descends with temperature, its cooperation first are proportional to the electric current I PTAT1 of absolute temperature (electric current that rises with temperature) and can get not temperature variant burning voltage and work as reference voltage.
In like manner, generating circuit from reference voltage V G22Comprise a metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) M 22, a resistance R 2An and transistor Q 22Generating circuit from reference voltage V G22Utilize metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) M 22The generation circuit V of the electric current of absolute temperature will be proportional to G1The electric current I PTAT mapping that is proportional to absolute temperature that is produced is come, and forms the one second electric current I PTAT2 that is proportional to absolute temperature.Resistance R 2An end be connected in metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) M 22, the other end is connected in transistor Q 22Emitter-base bandgap grading.And transistor Q 22Base stage with the collection utmost point be connected in battery B 2Negative terminal, receive voltage V C2And generating circuit from reference voltage V G22In metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) M 22With resistance R 2Between node output reference voltage V F2Give comparator C 2, this reference voltage V F2Be second to be proportional to the electric current I PTAT2 of absolute temperature in resistance R 2The voltage of last generation adds transistor Q 22Base-emitter voltage V Be2In like manner, look the series connected battery number and set up generating circuit from reference voltage V G2n, comprise metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) M 2n, n is proportional to electric current I PTATn, the resistance R of absolute temperature nAnd transistor Q 2nTransistor Q wherein 2nBase stage with the collection utmost point be connected in earth terminal, with battery B nNegative terminal idiostatic.
And then above-mentioned those reference voltages V F1, V F2... V FnCan be by adjusting resistance R aOr resistance R 1, R 2... R nAdjust the size of its magnitude of voltage.
In sum, reference voltage generator V gUtilization is proportional to the generation circuit V of the electric current of absolute temperature G1Generation is proportional to the electric current I PTAT of absolute temperature, to offer those generating circuit from reference voltage V G21, V G22... V G2nAnd then those generating circuit from reference voltage V G21, V G22... V G2nProduce reference voltage V F1, V F2... V FnFor comparator C 1, C 2... C nBe used for and battery B 1, B 2... B nBranch pressure voltage V D1, V D2... V DnCompare.Detect battery B with this 1, B 2... B nThe situation that has or not overdischarge or overcharge.
So utilize voltage detecting circuit of the present invention to detect battery B 1Whether overcharge, then set reference voltage generator V gTo produce a battery B 1Overcharge and detect voltage (reference voltage V F1), utilize comparator C again 1With battery B 1Branch pressure voltage V D1Detection voltage compares with overcharging.If branch pressure voltage V D1Greater than detection voltage, the then comparator C of overcharging 1Export an overcharge signal.If desire detects battery B 1Whether overdischarge is then set reference voltage generator V gTo produce a battery B 1Overdischarge detect voltage (reference voltage V F1), utilize comparator C again 1With battery B 1Branch pressure voltage V D1Detecting voltage with overdischarge compares.If branch pressure voltage V D1Detect voltage, then comparator C less than overdischarge 1Export an overdischarge signal.In like manner, also can be used as battery B 2To B nOvercharge and usefulness that overdischarge detects.
Comparator C 1, C 2... C nOutput can further connect a superpotential or an over circuit (figure does not show), with in occurring overcharging or during overdischarge, allow these batteries B 1, B 2... B nStop charge or discharge, with protection battery B 1, B 2... B nBattery B 1, B 2... B nCan be a lithium ion battery or a nickel-cadmium battery.
Then see also Fig. 4, the process flow diagram of voltage detection method of the present invention is with the flow process of explanation voltage detection method of the present invention.At first by a plurality of voltage divider D 1, D 2... D nThe battery B that acquisition is corresponding 1, B 2... B nVoltage, and should correspondence battery B 1, B 2... B nVoltage give dividing potential drop, to produce a branch pressure voltage V of corresponding battery D1, V D2... V Dn(as Fig. 4 step S401).And reference voltage generator V gUtilization is proportional to the generation circuit V of the electric current of absolute temperature G1Generation is proportional to the electric current I PTAT of absolute temperature, to offer these generating circuit from reference voltage V G21, V G22... V G2nAnd then these generating circuit from reference voltage V G21, V G22... V G2nProduce reference voltage V F1, V F2... V FnTo offer comparator C 1, C 2... C n(as Fig. 4 step S403).Follow those comparator C 1, C 2... C nWith reference voltage V F1, V F2... V FnWith branch pressure voltage V D1, V D2... V DnCompare, to detect battery B 1, B 2... B nThe situation that has or not overdischarge or overcharge (as Fig. 4 step S405).
The above; only be the detailed description and the legend of the preferable specific embodiment of the present invention; feature of the present invention is not limited thereto; be not in order to restriction the present invention; all scopes of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims of the present invention; the embodiment of all spirit variations similar according to the invention with it; all should be contained in the category of the present invention; anyly be familiar with the person skilled in art in the field of the invention, the variation that can expect easily or modify all can be encompassed within the claimed scope of claim of the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. a voltage detecting circuit is characterized in that, comprising:
A plurality of voltage dividers, described voltage divider connect the positive pole and the negative pole of a battery respectively, to export a branch pressure voltage of this battery;
One reference voltage generator is connected in the negative terminal of described battery, is used to export a plurality of reference voltages; And
A plurality of comparers, described comparer correspondence is connected in an output terminal of described voltage divider and this reference voltage generator, with relatively this branch pressure voltage and this reference voltage, detect this voltage divider the voltage of the corresponding battery that connects whether have and overcharge or the situation of overdischarge.
2. voltage detecting circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this reference voltage generator comprises:
One is proportional to the generation circuit of the electric current of absolute temperature, is used to produce an electric current that is proportional to absolute temperature; And
A plurality of generating circuit from reference voltage are connected in the negative terminal of those batteries, and produce described reference voltage according to this electric current that is proportional to absolute temperature, export described comparer to correspondence.
3. voltage detecting circuit as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described generating circuit from reference voltage comprises a metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS), to shine upon this electric current that is proportional to absolute temperature in this generating circuit from reference voltage.
4. voltage detecting circuit as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described generating circuit from reference voltage comprises respectively:
One resistance is exported this reference voltage in an end of this resistance; And
One transistor, this transistorized emitter-base bandgap grading is connected in the other end of described resistance, and this transistorized base stage and the collection utmost point are connected in the negative terminal of corresponding battery.
5. voltage detecting circuit as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described reference voltage level adds this transistorized base-emitter voltage for this electric current that is proportional to absolute temperature flows through the voltage that this resistance produces.
6. voltage detecting circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the output of described comparer connects a superpotential or an over circuit, to protect described battery.
7. voltage detecting circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this reference voltage is an inspection reference voltage that overcharges.
8. voltage detecting circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this reference voltage is the inspection reference voltage of an overdischarge.
9. voltage detection method is characterized in that step comprises:
A plurality of voltage dividers capture the voltage of corresponding battery, to produce a branch pressure voltage of this battery;
The one generation circuit that is proportional to the electric current of absolute temperature provides an electric current that is proportional to absolute temperature, makes a plurality of generating circuit from reference voltage produce a plurality of reference voltages; And
A plurality of comparers are corresponding to receive described branch pressure voltages and this reference voltage, and relatively this branch pressure voltage and this reference voltage, discharges and recharges situation with the voltage of this battery of judging correspondence.
10. voltage detection method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, this reference voltage is an inspection reference voltage that overcharges.
11. voltage detection method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, this reference voltage is the inspection reference voltage of an overdischarge.
12. voltage detection method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described generating circuit from reference voltage utilizes a metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) to shine upon this electric current that is proportional to absolute temperature in described generating circuit from reference voltage, to produce described reference voltage.
13. voltage detection method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that described reference voltage flows through a transistorized base-emitter voltage that voltage that the resistance in the described generating circuit from reference voltage produced adds in the above generating circuit from reference voltage by this electric current that is proportional to absolute temperature and produces.
14. voltage detection method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described reference voltage is set by a resistance of adjusting in this current generating circuit that is proportional to absolute temperature.
15. voltage detection method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described reference voltage is set by a resistance of adjusting in the described generating circuit from reference voltage.
CNA2006101516658A 2006-09-11 2006-09-11 Voltage detection circuit and control method Pending CN101144836A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101702514A (en) * 2009-11-26 2010-05-05 北京中星微电子有限公司 Battery protection control device
CN102236080A (en) * 2010-04-26 2011-11-09 新普科技股份有限公司 Voltage detecting circuit and method thereof
CN103117536A (en) * 2013-01-15 2013-05-22 费新华 Storage battery protective circuit
US9152197B2 (en) 2013-07-22 2015-10-06 Wistron Corp. Overcurrent protection circuit and server using the same
CN107436379A (en) * 2016-05-26 2017-12-05 中芯国际集成电路制造(上海)有限公司 System for test simulation signal
WO2017211193A1 (en) * 2016-06-08 2017-12-14 比亚迪股份有限公司 Voltage detection and determination circuit and power battery system having same
CN110380488A (en) * 2019-08-08 2019-10-25 珠海英集芯半导体有限公司 A kind of vehicle-mounted charge control circuit and method
CN114002482A (en) * 2021-12-24 2022-02-01 深圳市永联科技股份有限公司 Equipment current detection method and electronic equipment

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101702514A (en) * 2009-11-26 2010-05-05 北京中星微电子有限公司 Battery protection control device
CN101702514B (en) * 2009-11-26 2014-09-10 北京中星微电子有限公司 Battery protection control device
CN102236080A (en) * 2010-04-26 2011-11-09 新普科技股份有限公司 Voltage detecting circuit and method thereof
CN102236080B (en) * 2010-04-26 2014-07-30 新普科技股份有限公司 Voltage detecting circuit and method thereof
CN103117536A (en) * 2013-01-15 2013-05-22 费新华 Storage battery protective circuit
TWI574480B (en) * 2013-07-22 2017-03-11 緯創資通股份有限公司 Overcurrent protection circuit and server using the same
US9152197B2 (en) 2013-07-22 2015-10-06 Wistron Corp. Overcurrent protection circuit and server using the same
CN107436379A (en) * 2016-05-26 2017-12-05 中芯国际集成电路制造(上海)有限公司 System for test simulation signal
WO2017211193A1 (en) * 2016-06-08 2017-12-14 比亚迪股份有限公司 Voltage detection and determination circuit and power battery system having same
CN107478992A (en) * 2016-06-08 2017-12-15 比亚迪股份有限公司 Voltage detecting and decision circuitry and there is its electrokinetic cell system
CN107478992B (en) * 2016-06-08 2020-04-24 比亚迪股份有限公司 Voltage detection and judgment circuit and power battery system with same
CN110380488A (en) * 2019-08-08 2019-10-25 珠海英集芯半导体有限公司 A kind of vehicle-mounted charge control circuit and method
CN114002482A (en) * 2021-12-24 2022-02-01 深圳市永联科技股份有限公司 Equipment current detection method and electronic equipment
CN114002482B (en) * 2021-12-24 2022-03-18 深圳市永联科技股份有限公司 Equipment current detection method and electronic equipment

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