CN101141108B

CN101141108B - DC motor bridge full thyristor speeder

Info

Publication number: CN101141108B
Application number: CN2007100078114A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 龚秋声
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-01-10
Filing date: 2007-01-10
Publication date: 2010-10-13
Anticipated expiration: 2027-01-10
Also published as: CN101141108A

Abstract

The utility model relates to the main circuit of the speed regulating device of the thyristor of full rectifying circuit. Two rectifying diodes and two thyristors are added to the full rectifying circuit by the same inventor so as to make the full verifying circuit have one public output positive end(1) and two DC output negative ends(2) and(3). The utility model is applied in the regulation of voltage and speed and the regulation of magnet and speed regulation in series excitation or shunt DC motor. The regulation trigger motor can output controllable rectifying circuit with combined full wave and bridge type between the terminal end(1) and(2), and between the terminal end(1) and (3) to realize speed regulation within wide range of the DC motor. The utility model can be widely applied inAC trolleybus to solve the problem of visual pollution. The utility model paves the way for the development of the trolleybus. The utility model can also be applied in power car and the DC motor thyristor speed regulation device of fixed equipment.

Description

DC motor bridge full thyristor speeder

One, technical field: the invention belongs to the power electronics scientific domain, relate to the technical scheme and the circuit of thyristor dc electric machine speed regulation, relate in particular to the thyristor dc motor speed control device that uses single phase-controlled rectification circuit.

Two, background technology: existing single-phase controlled rectification thyristor dc motor speed control device product, except that adopting the multiple connection controlled bridge rectifier circuit, all must be connected in series a flat ripple inductance in electric loop just can make loop current continuous, single-phase multiple connection controlled bridge rectifier circuit thyristor speed regulating device, in electric locomotive, be used widely, sort circuit exists transformer must a plurality of isolated secondary winding, rectification and the controllable devices used are many, shortcomings such as the low and whole power consumption of transformer secondary output winding utilization is big, same inventor has invented bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit (patent No. 871055044.x) and the bridge half-controlled rectification circuit (patent No. ZL89100898.5) more more superior than single-phase bridge control circuit performance.They have a plurality of optimum power factor points, can make the continuous threshold inductance of required holding current in the single phase-controlled rectification circuit reduce to 1/2～1/n of single-phase bridge controlled rectification circuit, therefore, use the thyristor dc motor speed control device of a Gong Shi bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit (all single phase-controlled rectification circuits---following said Gong Shi bridge whole circuit is all identical entirely with in two patents of bridge half-controlled rectification circuit to comprise bridge) separately, not being connected in series flat ripple inductance just can make electric current in loop continuous, use single single phase-controlled rectification circuit only to utilize direct current machine self inductance just can make the continuous beginning of output DC stream thereby started, it is simple much more superior than adopting the be in series multiple connection sequencing circuit of knot of a plurality of single-phase bridge control circuits, does not see the equipment and the product of the thyristor dc motor speed control device of using the Gong Shi bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit so far both at home and abroad as yet.

Direct current machine thyristor speed regulating method has: a) speed ratio is about the exciting current control method of 3:1; B) speed ratio is about the electric moter voltage control method of 10:1; Regulate the control method of electric moter voltage and exciting current when c) speed ratio is about 25:1.Can use preceding 2 kinds of methods to the little dc motor drive of speed adjustable range, require the dc motor drive more than 10:1 must adopt the third method for speed ratio, for adapt to the series excitation direct current machine and and the needs of sharp DC motor wide region adjusting device, no matter be single phase-controlled rectification circuit or three-phase controlled rectifier circuit, all wish to realize simultaneously at the thyristor in the same controlled rectification circuit voltage-regulation and the exciting current adjusting of motor, because the series excitation direct current machine and and the sharp DC motor to realize simultaneously that voltage-regulation and exciting current regulate 3 voltage input ends will be arranged at least, i.e. 1 public input of pressure regulation adjustable magnetic (1), 1 pressure regulation input (2), 1 adjustable magnetic input (3), therefore to do the topology improvement with having controlled rectification circuit now, it is become 1 public output plus terminal (or negative terminal) (1) and 2 output negative terminals (or anode) (2) are arranged, the topological controlled rectification circuit of 3 ends output (3), so that adapt to the needs of direct current machine wide region thyristor speed regulating device, the silicon con trolled rectifier circuit of three ends output of the present invention requires to design for satisfying the direct current machine wide-range-timing, for the little single-phase silicon con trolled rectifier device of speed adjustable range, can directly use the Gong Shi bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit that a plurality of optimum power factor points are arranged of same inventor's invention, for the dc motor drive of the thyristor bridge fully controlled rectification circuit that requires wide-range-timing, then Gong Shi bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit topology must be improved to the topological Gong Shi bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit of 3 end dc output ends.Topology Gong Shi bridge whole circuit is used in direct current machine wide range speed control device, no matter the direct current machine watt level need not seal in flat ripple inductance in electric loop, just can make electric loop output current continuous, therefore has the prospect of using widely.

Three, summary of the invention: the present invention is a kind of topological Gong Shi bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit thyristor dc motor speed control device that 3 dc output ends are arranged, it is by AC power, topology Gong Shi bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit, direct current machine and trigger control circuit are formed, it is characterized in that topological Gong Shi bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit has 3 ends of 3 dc output ends and direct current machine to be connected, it is to increase newly to be added with 2 rectifier diode D3 in the Gong Shi bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit, D4 and 2 thyristor V9, V10 obtains, it is 1 direct current output negative terminal (2) of topological Gong Shi bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit that the anode of 2 diode D3 and D4 is connected, 2 thyristor V9, the anode of V10 is connected and is another direct current output negative terminal (3) of topological Gong Shi bridge whole circuit, the anode of Gong Shi bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit is the topological Gong Shi bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit output public anode of direct current (1), each anode branch of device that Gong Shi bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit negative terminal is connected comes and reconnects, the anode of all devices of secondary winding centre cap one side and the negative electrode of rectifier diode D3, and the cloudy phase utmost point of thyristor V9 connects the anode of all devices of secondary winding centre cap opposite side and the negative electrode of rectifier diode D4, and the negative electrode of thyristor V10 is connected; The anode of the sustained diode 2 on the secondary winding centre cap is connected with direct current output negative terminal (2), 3 dc output ends (1) of topology Gong Shi bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit, (2), (3) respectively with the series excitation direct current machine or and 3 adjustable sides of sharp DC motor be connected, regulate the triggering control signal of controllable devices, just can be in 3 dc output ends (1) and (2), (1) output all-wave controlled rectification and between (3), the two controlled rectification voltage that combines with all-wave and bridge-type is realized the direct current machine wide-range-timing.

Trolley bus all is to adopt the direct current supply scheme both at home and abroad at present, promptly earlier build converting plant and carry out the AC/DC conversion on ground, with direct current output cable gauze the direct current of converting plant is transported to each electric car wiping gauze again, in electric car, carry out the DC/DC chopping regulating speed, or the technical scheme of DC/AC ac variable frequency speed regulation.China is for meeting 2008 Olympic Games, Beijing and the two places cooperation of strain state are transplanted to the ac variable frequency speed regulation advanced technology of electric locomotive on the city trolley bus, produce 100 air-conditioning trolley buses that exchange the speed that modifies tone, though this is the method that a kind of advanced technology is transformed city trolley bus, obtain extensive concern and higher rating, but from the electric energy indexing, it will pass through AC/DC (ground) and 2 conversion of DC/AC (on the car), technical sophistication not only, and cost is also high, what is more important hinders the root problem of city trolley bus development, being aerial dc feeder net is not resolved to the problem of city visual pollution, can strengthen to some extent because of the power of trolley bus on the contrary and worsen, therefore, this is not the best-of-breed technology scheme that Beijing Public Transport is showed Beijing Scientific and Technological Olympics.The present invention proposes a kind of thorough solution city trolley bus visual pollution, show the electrified new solution of city bus modernization, that is exactly that the power supply plan of existing trolley bus is done reform completely, directly supply with the wiping gauze of aerial trolley bus without rectification by AC network, each electric car obtains 2 cross streams by 2 wiping bars, on electric car, use topological Gong Shi bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit of the present invention to carry out the technical scheme that the speed governing of series excitation direct current machine wide range speed control device is just supplied with in the AC/DC linear transformation, abbreviate the full speed adjusting technique scheme of Gong Shi bridge as, it is compared with existing direct current supply alternating frequency conversion technique scheme and has many good qualities, at first it does not need ground converting plant and aerial dc feeder net, has thoroughly solved trolley bus is greatly developed the most scabrous city visual pollution in the city problem.(this also is the main cause that a lot of cities of China and countries in the world will be removed the city trolley bus of having built well).Again develop city trolley bus and paved road for greatly developing.City AC electric train wiping gauze is a same urban electricization and the modern important symbol facility of becoming with train electric railway wiping gauze just.Next is that the transformation of electrical energy of Alternating Current Power Supply topology Gong Shi bridge all-thyristor dc motor speed drive system has only the AC/DC linear transformation, circuit and system are all very simple, cost is low, good reliability, easy to maintenance, have an independent intellectual property right, road with Chinese development characteristic, can fully show the influence power of the scientific and technological invention innovation of China to the world technology education and culture, and the direct current supply AC variable-frequency speed regulation system of using now, transformation of electrical energy will pass through AC/DC, the DC/AC quadratic transformation, circuit and system are all complicated, the cost height, loss is big.If electric locomotive Alternating Current Power Supply and ac variable speed technology are transplanted to the city trolley bus system, the transformation of electrical energy of system will pass through AC/DC, DC/DC and DC/AC cubic transformation, technology is more complicated, cost is higher, and loss is also big, also is not suitable for the city trolley bus system at least at present.On the contrary of the present invention topological Gong Shi bridge whole circuit thyristor series excited machine speed regulating device can be transplanted to opposite with it has electric locomotive thyristor governing system now, can also be transplanted to other electric drive system, therefore the technical program is not only applicable to city trolley bus, is applicable to intercity and electric drive systems such as highway trolley bus and electric locomotive yet.

The trolley bus of Alternating Current Power Supply of the present invention has two big features: a), high-tension electricity after the step-down transformer step-down, directly give each bar electric car trolley provide the two-phase alternating current electricity (the railway electrification power supply is that 20,000 5 kilovolts of single-phase alternating currents of high pressure are directly given the power supply of locomotive wiping gauze, and trolley bus adopt the two-phase power supply can make the trolley voltage to earth reduce near half); B), the speed regulating device in the trolley bus are thyristor series excitation direct current machine wide range speed control devices of an applied topology Gong Shi bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit.

The present invention is applied to the thyristor speed regulating device of the full controlled rectification of topological Gong Shi bridge of 2 series excitation direct current machines of electric locomotive, it is characterized in that topological Gong Shi bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit has 1 public output plus terminal (1), export negative terminal (2), (3), (4) for 3,2 series excitation direct current machines are connected output direct current (1) and (2) two ends, and the excitation regulation end of 2 series excitation direct current machines is connected to (3) end and (4) end.

The speed regulating device that the present invention is applied to fixing low-power equipment can the applied voltage median have the topological Gong Shi bridge whole circuit of 1 optimum power factor point, make the 220V direct current machine also can reach nominal torque and rotating speed in order on the 220V single phase alternating current power supply, also to obtain the 220V direct voltage, can use 1 single-phase step-up autotransformer, it is compared with adopting single-phase bridge controlled rectification circuit thyristor speed regulating device, it not only can save 1 advection inductance, and power factor height, performance is good, harmonic wave is few, energy-saving material-saving, therefore, direct current machine topology Gong Shi thyristor wide range speed control device will substitute the existing wide range speed control of single-phase bridge thyristor dc motor device, particularly 220V direct current machine thyristor speed regulating device.

The present invention can be widely used in the wide region dc motor drive of city trolley bus, intercity trolley bus, highway trolley bus, electric locomotive and small-power permanent plant, have the power factor height, harmonic current is little, loss is little, advantage such as energy-conservation, they will be described further in the drawings and Examples by the back.

Four, appended drawings 1 is a direct current machine topology Gong Shi bridge all-thyristor wide range speed control device main circuit diagram of the present invention.Accompanying drawing 2 is the topological Gong Shi bridge of Alternating Current Power Supply trolley bus of the present invention all-thyristor wide range speed control system main circuit diagrams.Accompanying drawing 3 is AC/DC conversion electric locomotive of the present invention system main circuit diagrams.Accompanying drawing 4 is 220 volts of direct current machine topologys of the present invention bridge all-thyristor wide range speed control device main circuit diagrams.

Accompanying drawing 1 is the main circuit diagram of direct current generator topology Gong Shi bridge all-thyristor wide range speed control device of the present invention, its load can be series-wound excited direct current motor M1, also can be and sharp DC motor M 2, remove the dc motor in the accompanying drawing 1, diode D3 and D4, IGCT V9 and V10, and IGCT V2, V4, V6, V8 and the anode of diode D2 be connected, it is exactly the Gong Shi bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit that 4 optimum power factor points are arranged (the voltage median has 3 optimum power factor points) of same inventor's invention. This circuit can also change V4 and V6 into diode, change D1 into IGCT simultaneously, it just becomes the another kind of Gong Shi bridge whole circuit that 4 optimum power factor points are arranged, it can also have 10 various deformation circuit, for example, sustained diode 2 is connected output (1) and (2) two ends, deduct 2 devices in the circuit, just can obtain the Gong Shi bridge whole circuit of 3 optimum power factor points, 4 devices that deduct in the circuit just can obtain Gong Shi bridge whole circuit of 2 optimum power factor points etc. (seeing 2 patent of invention specifications of bridge type fully controlled rectification circuit and bridge half-controlled rectification circuit and accompanying drawing). So direct current generator topology Gong Shi bridge all-thyristor wide range speed control device, require also can make the corresponding variation of kind more than 10 according to different occasions, but all these change a common trait is arranged, that circuit that is exactly in the direct current generator topology Gong Shi bridge whole circuit IGCT wide range speed control device all is that the negative terminal at Gong Shi bridge whole circuit is connected with respectively 2 commutation diodes and 2 IGCTs, and the anode of 2 diodes is connected and is first dc output end (2) of circuit, the anode of 2 IGCTs is connected and is second direct current output negative terminal (3) of circuit, the output plus terminal of circuit is the anode (1) of Gong Shi bridge whole circuit, 3 dc output ends of circuit respectively with series-wound excited direct current motor M1 or and 3 inputs of sharp DC motor M 2 be connected, the IGCT Trigger Angle of regulating in the topological Gong Shi bridge whole circuit can regulating electric machine voltage, the IGCT V9 that adjusting increases newly and the angle of flow of V10 can regulating electric machine the exciting current size, therefore just can carry out to direct current generator the speed governing of wide region.

Five, embodiment 1) the embodiment accompanying drawing 2 that is applied to electric car is interchange trolley bus topology Gong Shi wide adjuster speed system of bridge all-thyristor of the present invention and main circuit, it directly supplies with trolley bus wiping gauze (6) two-phase alternating current electricity by high pressure three-phase or two-phase electrical network (8) (only concerning a certain minizone through step-down transformer (7) step-down, concerning whole wiping gauze, can be three-phase), trolley bus obtains required two-phase alternating current by 2 wiping bars (5), through boosting or step-down, or do not rise the autotransformer with center tap B that has that does not fall (deciding) yet and directly supply with the topological Gong Shi bridge full thyristor speeder that 3 best power points are arranged according to voltage and direct current machine rated voltage that the wiping gauze is allowed, realize High Power Factor AC/DC conversion speed governing, by accompanying drawing system main circuit as can be known, whole system is very simple and reliable, low cost of manufacture, easy to maintenance, the power factor height, loss is little, ground converting plant and dc feeder net have been cancelled, also with regard to thorough solution city visual pollution problem.For further reducing the quantity of thyristor, can change thyristor V4 and V6 into kenotron, change diode D1 into thyristor simultaneously, also can further use 2 diodes and 1 thyristor to replace thyristor V1 and V7, increase by 1 diode like this in the main circuit, the quantity of thyristor can reduce 2, by accompanying drawing as can be known: there are 2 big features in trolley bus of the present invention system, a) high-voltage fence is directly given the power supply of trolley bus wiping gauze through the two-phase alternating current electricity of step-down transformer step-down output, it is more superior than electric locomotive single phase power supply, the trolley voltage to earth can reduce near half; B) obtain to such an extent that be the two-phase alternating current electricity on the trolley bus, electric car is carried out speed governing, owing to adopt autotransformer that its volume and weight minimizing, cost are reduced through topological Gong Shi bridge all-thyristor series excited machine speed regulating device.As for whether needing to boost, or step-down, be decided by the voltage on the trolley and the rated voltage of series excitation direct current machine.Autotransformer in the accompanying drawing 2 is a kind of connecting circuit that does not also fall that do not rise.Thyristor V9 and V10 are used for buncher exciting current size.2) the embodiment accompanying drawing 3 that is applied to electric locomotive is main circuit diagrams of electric locomotive topology Gong Shi bridge all-thyristor dc motor speed drive system, electric locomotive uses 2 1000V, the parallel running of 2400A series excitation direct current machine drags, because single rectifier diode and single thyristor rated current capacity do not reach output-current rating, therefore the rectifying device in the Gong Shi bridge whole circuit adopts the device parallel running of 2 characteristic closes, or be equivalent to parallel running, the excitation speed governing of considering 2 series excited machines is designed to independent adjustable, and use 4 diodes and 4 thyristors will have the Gong Shi bridge whole circuit topology of 3 optimum power factor points to become to have 1 public direct-current output plus terminal (1), three direct current output negative terminals (2), (3), (4), be connected with 2 series excited machines respectively.This main circuit design can be described as the improvement design of Beijing-Guangzhou Railway passenger traffic SS8 type electric locomotive circuit, it saves 5 power rectifier diodes, save 1 5000A transformer secondary output winding, reduced the tube voltage drop of 2 pipes, reduce the internal resistance and the consume of locomotive low cruise, simplified circuit system, therefore, it is that electric locomotive is handed over---the best speed-regulating scheme of straight conversion.3) the embodiment accompanying drawing 4 of application ground permanent plant is the full speed regulating device main circuit of 220V direct current machine topology Gong Shi bridge of the present invention.Permanent plant uses the power of motor of single-phase controlled rectification thyristor dc electric machine all smaller, generally have only several kilowatts, the inductance of motor own is bigger, therefore a working voltage median has the topological Gong Shi bridge whole circuit of 1 optimum power factor point just can realize not going here and there to put down and filters inductance and make output current continuous, therefore its circuit can be simplified, if the 220V direct current machine adopts the single-phase bridge controlled rectification circuit to carry out speed governing, for making the direct current function obtain the 220V dc rated voltage, then must earlier civil power 220V be exchanged and be raised to 250V with autotransformer, re-use the rectification of single-phase bridge control circuit, at this moment for making the output direct current continuous, also must in electric loop, go here and there 1 flat ripple inductance, use topological Gong Shi bridge whole circuit just can save 1 flat ripple inductance, but want many 1 kenotrons, the volume of certain diode, price is low more than flat ripple inductance, and the power factor of using topological Gong Shi bridge whole circuit is than bridge control height, the control of harmonic ratio bridge is few.

Claims

1. one kind is used for converting single-phase alternating current to galvanic direct current machine thyristor speed regulating device, it comprises: a transformer, its elementary winding is used to be connected to an AC power, its secondary winding has 5 taps, comprise a centre cap, two end taps and be arranged in 2 centre taps of described centre cap both sides symmetrically

A plurality of rectifying devices, it is characterized in that, described a plurality of rectifying device comprises: a) 4 thyristors and 1 first rectifying device that diode D1 forms, its negative electrode all is connected with direct current machine pressure regulation end (1), diode D1 anode links to each other with described centre cap, thyristor anode in first rectifying device links to each other with 2 centre taps with 2 end taps of described secondary winding respectively, b) 4 second rectifying devices that thyristor is formed, its negative electrode is used for connecting respectively the tap of described secondary winding centre cap two sides, the anode of thyristor that is connected second rectifying device of centre cap one side is connected to each other, the anode of thyristor that is connected second rectifying device of centre cap opposite side is connected to each other, wherein, 1 tap connects thyristor in the whole device of 1 first rectification and the thyristor in 1 second rectifying device, c) 2 thyristor V9, V10, thyristor V9 negative electrode is connected to each other with the anode that is connected the thyristor of all second rectifying devices of centre cap one side, thyristor V10 negative electrode is connected to each other with the anode that is connected the thyristor of all second rectifying devices of centre tapped opposite side, thyristor V9, the V10 anode all is connected with direct current machine adjustable magnetic end (3), d) 2 rectifier diode D3, D4, diode D3 negative electrode is connected to each other with the anode of the thyristor of all second rectifying devices that are connected centre cap one side, diode D4 negative electrode is connected to each other with the anode of the thyristor of all second rectifying devices that are connected centre tapped opposite side, diode D3, the anode of D4 all is connected with the common port (2) of the pressure regulation adjustable magnetic of direct current machine, e) 1 sustained diode 2, its anode links to each other with the common port (2) of pressure regulation adjustable magnetic, its negative electrode and described secondary winding centre cap, and first the anode of diode D1 in the rectifying device link to each other

The triggering phase place of regulating thyristor in first rectifying device and second rectifying device just can be regulated the output voltage between direct current machine pressure regulation end (1) and the pressure regulation adjustable magnetic common port (2), the triggering phase place of adjusting two thyristor V9, V10 just can be regulated the output voltage between direct current machine adjustable magnetic end (3) and the pressure regulation adjustable magnetic common port (2), realizes direct current machine variable voltage control and variable field control simultaneously.

2. interchange trolley bus, it comprises: a) high-tension electricity is directly supplied with 2 trolleys of trolley bus through the step-down transformer step-down two-phase alternating current is provided; B) direct current machine thyristor speed regulating device as claimed in claim 1 are arranged on the trolley bus.

3. electric locomotive, it comprises direct current machine thyristor speed regulating device as claimed in claim 1.