CN101135576A

CN101135576A - Circuit using infrared light emitting diodes and light sensitive transistor in water

Info

Publication number: CN101135576A
Application number: CNA2007101499977A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵廷恩
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-09-30
Filing date: 2007-09-30
Publication date: 2008-03-05
Anticipated expiration: 2027-09-30
Also published as: CN100529680C

Abstract

The circuit comprises an IC chip CD4051 comprising three analog switch K1, K3 and K3, a single-chip U1 made by IC PIC16F687, a communication module U2 mad by IC MAX1487 and power circuit. In the circuit, three IC analog switch components K1, K2 and K3 are respectively used to control the power supply and state detection of the infrared emitting diode and optical transistor are added into the infrared emitting diode and the optical transistor circuit gone to the water; the single chip U1 is used for sequentially controlling the actions of the three switches so as to complete the detection to the in-water object.

Description

A kind of circuit that infrarede emitting diode and photistor are used in water

(1), technical field:

The present invention is a kind of circuit, relates to a kind of circuit that infrarede emitting diode and photistor are used in water particularly.

(2), background technology:

Teletransmission electromechanical instrument is to convert the measurement indicating value on the mechanical type instrument to electronic signal to transmit at a distance and show, thereby realizes the automatic management of meter reading.Electromechanical instrument in the market, electromechanical water meter for example, kind is more, dry-reed type water meter, pulsed water meter, IC-card water meter, intellectual water meter or the like are arranged, they mostly adopt dry-reed contact to determine the pointer position, or adopt step-by-step counting to read the expression value indirectly, but some problems of their ubiquities, the reading of remote transfer signal and mechanical water meter is inconsistent, can not accomplish that 100% is accurate, reliability is bad, and the mechanical type water meter needs manual metering in addition, both waste manpower, increased unit cost again.When the digital signal on the instrument is transmitted at a distance, must convert digital signal to electric signal, water meter for example, this just needs to be immersed in the position that infrarede emitting diode in the water and photistor are measured the water meter indicating value, it is cisco unity malfunction that but infrarede emitting diode and photistor are placed in the water, if put into water, infrarede emitting diode and photistor are fragile, not only electronic component itself is damaged, also can make the afunction of electronic circuit, do not reach the purpose that remote digital transmits, thereby can not get widespread use and popularization.

(3), summary of the invention:

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of circuit that infrarede emitting diode and photistor are used in water, sort circuit is simple and reliable, infrarede emitting diode and photistor directly can be placed water, both can be implemented in the Digital Detecting purpose on the instrument in the water state, can guarantee that again electronic component can normally use, guaranteed circuit safety, transmitted at a distance thereby convert the mechanical digital on the instrument to electric signal.

For achieving the above object, a kind of technical scheme of the circuit that infrarede emitting diode and photistor use in water that makes of the present invention is: comprise circuit-under-test, circuit-under-test is made up of infrarede emitting diode D, photistor Q and testee, be provided with light hole with infrarede emitting diode D and corresponding section, photistor Q position on the testee, activity is fixed between infrarede emitting diode D and the photistor Q, it is characterized in that:

Said a kind of circuit that infrarede emitting diode and photistor are used in water is made up of the single-chip microcomputer U1 of three analog switch K1, K2, K3 and the integrated circuit PIC16F687 of integrated circuit CD4051 and communication module U2 and the power circuit of integrated circuit MAX1487;

The control signal A of analog switch K1, B, C end are connected with RC5 with three digital leg RC7, the RC6 of single-chip microcomputer U1 respectively, the positive pole of infrarede emitting diode D in the port CH of K1 end and the circuit-under-test and the collector of photistor Q link to each other, port Vdd links to each other with the positive pole of 5V power supply, be connected in series current-limiting resistance R2 between the positive source of port OUT end and 5V, port Vss holds and power supply ground joins;

The control signal A of analog switch K2, B, C end link to each other with RC2 with three digital leg RC4, the RC3 of single-chip microcomputer U1 respectively, the negative pole of infrarede emitting diode D in the port CH of K2 end and the circuit-under-test (1) links to each other, port Vdd links to each other with the positive source of 5V, and port OUT is connected with power supply ground with port Vss end;

The control signal A of analog switch K3, B, C end link to each other with RC0 with three digital leg RB6, the RB4 of single-chip microcomputer U1 respectively, the emitter of photistor Q in the port CH of K3 end and the circuit-under-test (1) links to each other, port Vdd links to each other with the positive source of 5V, port Vss end joins with power supply ground, port OUT end is connected with the internal comparator input end C12in-of single-chip microcomputer U1 with the end of sampling resistor R3, the other end and the signal ground of sampling resistor R3 join, the two ends of sampling resistor R3 filter capacitor C6 in parallel;

The receiver output terminal R of the communication module U2 of integrated circuit MAX1487 links to each other with the asynchronous communication receiving end RX of single-chip microcomputer U1, the transmitter input end D of U2 links to each other with the asynchronous communication transmitting terminal TX of single-chip microcomputer U1, the receiver input Enable Pin RE of U2 and the output enable end DE of transmitter link to each other with the digital leg RA2 of single-chip microcomputer U1, the receiver input pin of U2 and the forward end A of transmitter output pin and outer remote signal of communication line join, the receiver input pin of U2 links to each other with outer remote signal of communication line with the backward end B of transmitter output pin, port Vcc links to each other with the positive source of 5V, and port GND and power supply ground join;

Capacitor C1, C2 and crystal oscillator X1 form the external oscillator of single-chip microcomputer U1, are connected with the OSC2 pin with the OSC1 pin of single-chip microcomputer U1 respectively; Resistance R 1 and capacitor C3 form the reset circuit of single-chip microcomputer U1, link to each other with the MCLR pin of single-chip microcomputer U1, and the port Vdd of single-chip microcomputer U1 links to each other with the positive source of 5V, and port Vss and power supply ground join;

Said power circuit is made up of the three end pressure regulator U3 of integrated circuit 78L05 and rectifier bridge Dz and capacitor C5; The input end of rectifier bridge Dz links to each other with direct supply, serial connection voltage adjuster U3 and capacitor C5 between the output terminal of rectifier bridge Dz, the input end Vi of voltage adjuster U3 and the output terminal of rectifier bridge Dz join, and output end vo is exported the 5V power supply, and link to each other with the positive pole of capacitor C5.

The resistance of said current-limiting resistance R2 is between 2.0K Ω-2.2 K Ω.

In above-mentioned technical scheme, concrete following beneficial effect: one, because circuit-under-test is to be placed in the water, the technical program is to have increased by three simulation of integrated circuit on-off element K1 in the circuit of infrarede emitting diode in water and photistor, K2 and K3, when not detecting the state of infrarede emitting diode and photistor, cut-off switch, infrarede emitting diode in the water and photistor and circuit are disconnected fully, infrarede emitting diode and photistor are not charged, because potential-free reference in the water, so there is not potential difference (PD) in the water body, so circuit can operate as normal, guaranteed the safety of electronic component.Two, when carrying out the object state detection, needed K switch 1 or K2 or K3 are opened several milliseconds, the state status of object just can be from light-receiving tube, just obtain on the on off state of photistor Q embodying, utilize single-chip microcomputer U1 that this state recording is got off, thereby realized the testee status detection.Three, the potential difference (PD) that is added on infrarede emitting diode and the photistor of this circuit is very little, can not cause infrarede emitting diode and photistor to damage, when practical application, technical indicator according to every kind of infrarede emitting diode and photistor is determined, be generally less than 1.6V just, if potential difference (PD) is excessive, will make water body produce stronger polarization, cause the damage of infrarede emitting diode and photistor and circuit board.Four, when detecting, adopt one by one a pair of infrarede emitting diode and photistor are powered up a detection one power operation, improved the reliability that detects, and made device power consumption minimum.Use a kind of technical scheme that makes the circuit that infrarede emitting diode and photistor use in water of the present invention, can make infrarede emitting diode and photistor operate as normal in water, thereby the correct detection of the character wheel state of the tested instrument in the realization water, simultaneously, when not carrying out the state-detection of testee, do not power up, play the effect of safety utilization of electric power, also saved the energy.This circuit structure is simple and reliable, both can realize the Digital Detecting purpose on the instrument in the water state, can guarantee that again electronic component can normally use, and has guaranteed circuit safety, thereby can digital conversion becomes electric signal to transmit at a distance on the instrument of water with placing.

(4), description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a kind of circuit theory diagrams that infrarede emitting diode and photistor are used in water of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the circuit working functional-block diagram of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a kind of concrete application circuit that makes the circuit that infrarede emitting diode and photistor use in water of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a kind of another concrete application circuit that makes the circuit that infrarede emitting diode and photistor use in water of the present invention.

(5), embodiment:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing a kind of circuit that infrarede emitting diode D and photistor Q are used in water of the present invention is described in further detail;

By Fig. 1, Fig. 2 as seen, a kind of circuit that infrarede emitting diode D and photistor Q are used in water of the present invention comprises the circuit-under-test 1 that is placed in the water, circuit-under-test 1 is made up of infrarede emitting diode D and photistor Q and testee, testee 2 activities are fixed between infrarede emitting diode D and the photistor Q, and the corresponding section, position with infrarede emitting diode D and photistor Q on testee 2 is provided with light hole 3; Sort circuit selects the single-chip microcomputer U1 of an analog switch K1, K2, K3 and integrated circuit PIC16F687 and communication module U2 and the power circuit of integrated circuit MAX1487 to form by three eight of integrated circuit CD4051; The control signal A of analog switch K1, B, C end are connected with RC5 with three digital leg RC7, the RC6 of single-chip microcomputer U1 respectively, the positive pole of infrarede emitting diode D in the port CH of K1 and the circuit-under-test 1 and the collector of photistor Q link to each other, port Vdd links to each other with the positive pole of 5V power supply, be connected in series current-limiting resistance R2 between the positive source of port OUT end and 5V, port Vss holds and power supply ground joins; The control signal A of analog switch K2, B, C end link to each other with RC2 with three digital leg RC4, the RC3 of single-chip microcomputer U1 respectively, the negative pole of infrarede emitting diode D in the port CH of K2 end and the circuit-under-test 1 links to each other, port Vdd links to each other with the positive source of 5V, and port OUT is connected with power supply ground with port Vss end; The control signal A of analog switch K3, B, C end link to each other with RC0 with three digital leg RB6, the RB4 of single-chip microcomputer U1 respectively, the emitter of photistor Q in the port CH of K3 end and the circuit-under-test 1 links to each other, port Vdd links to each other with the positive source of 5V, port Vss end joins with power supply ground, port OUT end is connected with the internal comparator input end C12in-of single-chip microcomputer U1 with the end of sampling resistor R3, the other end and the signal ground of sampling resistor R3 join, the two ends of sampling resistor R3 filter capacitor C6 in parallel; The receiver output terminal R of the communication module U2 of integrated circuit MAX1487 links to each other with the asynchronous communication receiving end RX of single-chip microcomputer U1, the transmitter input end D of U2 links to each other with the asynchronous communication transmitting terminal TX of single-chip microcomputer U1, the receiver input Enable Pin RE of U2 and the output enable end DE of transmitter link to each other with the digital leg RA2 of single-chip microcomputer U1, the receiver input pin of U2 and the forward end A of transmitter output pin and long-range communication signal line join, the receiver input pin of U2 links to each other with the long-range communication signal line with the backward end B of transmitter output pin, port Vcc links to each other with the positive source of 5V, and port GND and power supply ground join; Capacitor C1, C2 and crystal oscillator X1 form the external oscillator of single-chip microcomputer U1, are connected with the OSC2 pin with the OSC1 pin of single-chip microcomputer U1 respectively; Resistance R 1 and capacitor C3 form the reset circuit of single-chip microcomputer U1, link to each other with the MCLR pin of single-chip microcomputer U1, and the port Vdd of single-chip microcomputer U1 links to each other with the positive source of 5V, and port Vss and power supply ground join; Power circuit is made up of the three end pressure regulator U3 of integrated circuit 78L05 and rectifier bridge Dz and capacitor C5; The input end of rectifier bridge Dz links to each other with external 12V power supply, serial connection voltage adjuster U3 and capacitor C5 between the output terminal of rectifier bridge Dz, the input end Vi of voltage adjuster U3 and the output terminal of rectifier bridge Dz join, and output end vo is exported the 5V power supply, and link to each other with the positive pole of capacitor C5.

Among Fig. 1, Fig. 2, when practical application, circuit-under-test 1 is placed in the water fully, and luminotron is that infrarede emitting diode D and light-receiving tube are that photistor Q all is position measurement elements, also is exposed in the water fully.When analog switch K1, K2, K3 are closed, if testee 2 has blocked the light that luminotron D sends, light-receiving tube is that photistor Q just ends, the current potential of delivering to the internal comparator input end C12in-of single-chip microcomputer U1 is low, and the output terminal OUT end of the comparer of single-chip microcomputer U1 inside is output as height at this moment; When analog switch K1, K2, K3 are closed, if testee 2 does not block the light that luminotron D sends, it is the light hole 3 on the light transmission testee that sends of light emitting diode D, shine on the photistor Q, photistor Q is with regard to conducting, the current potential of delivering to the internal comparator input end C12in-of single-chip microcomputer U1 is height, and the output terminal OUT end of the comparer of single-chip microcomputer U1 inside is output as low at this moment; Because when analog switch K1, K2, K3 closure, upward potential difference (PD) is very little to be added in infrarede emitting diode D and photistor Q, be generally less than 1.6V, so, can not cause the damage of infrarede emitting diode and photistor and circuit board to not influence of circuit-under-test 1.When analog switch K1, K2, K3 disconnected, all infrarede emitting diode D separate with circuit with photistor Q, and were not charged.Because the reference of water body potential-free, thus potential difference (PD) do not had in the water, so circuit energy operate as normal has guaranteed the safety of circuit elements device.In addition, the break-make of analog switch K1, K2, K3 has only several milliseconds, the working time of infrarede emitting diode D and photistor Q also has only several milliseconds, the state status of object just can obtain from the on off state of photistor Q embodying, utilize single-chip microcomputer U1 that this state recording is got off, thereby realized the state-detection of testee 2.

Fig. 3 is a kind of embodiment of circuit application on novel teletransmission electromechanical character wheel water meter that infrarede emitting diode and photistor are used in water of the present invention; As seen from Figure 3, the luminotron of circuit-under-test 1 is in parallel by 4 groups of infrarede emitting diode D and forms, and every group of infrarede emitting diode D is in parallel by 5 infrarede emitting diode D; Light-receiving tube is in parallel by 4 groups of photistor Q and forms, and every group of photistor Q is by 5 photistor Q phases and connects; In embodiment, corresponding by the group number that a plurality of infrarede emitting diode D that are in parallel are in parallel with the group number of a plurality of photistor Q that are in parallel, in the present embodiment, reading in the electromechanical character wheel water meter is made up of kilobit, hundred, ten and individual position 4 bit digital, therefore, luminotron is exactly to be made up of 4 groups of a plurality of infrarede emitting diode D, and light-receiving tube is made up of 4 groups of a plurality of photistor Q.The movable character wheel that is fixed with on the tested water meter 2 between every group of luminotron D and every group of light-receiving tube Q, specifically, a movable position character wheel that is fixed with on the tested water meter 2 between light emitting diode D1-D5 and the photistor Q1-Q5, movable ten character wheels that are fixed with on the tested water meter 2 between light emitting diode D6-D10 and the photistor Q6-Q10, movable hundred character wheels that are fixed with on the tested water meter 2 between light emitting diode D11-D15 and the photistor Q11-Q15, the movable kilobit character wheel that is fixed with on the tested water meter 2 between light emitting diode D16-D20 and the photistor Q16-Q20, the corresponding section, position with light emitting diode D and photistor Q on every character wheel all is provided with light hole.

In the present embodiment, the power supply of every character wheel of analog switch K1 control electromechanical character wheel water meter, just control 5 couples of light emitting diode D of every character wheel both sides and the power supply of photistor Q, K1 is that model is that eight of CD4051 selects one integrated circuit, its control signal A, B, C end respectively with three digital leg RC7 of integrated circuit PIC16F687 single-chip microcomputer U1, RC6 is connected with RC5, the infrarede emitting diode D1 of a position character wheel in the port CH1 of K1 and the circuit-under-test 1, D2, D3, D4, the positive level of D5 links to each other, and and photistor Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, the collector of Q5 links to each other; The positive level of infrarede emitting diode D6, the D7 of ten character wheels in port CH2 and the circuit-under-test 1, D8, D9, D10 links to each other, and links to each other with the collector of photistor Q6, Q7, Q8, Q9, Q10; The positive level of infrarede emitting diode D11, the D12 of hundred character wheels in port CH3 and the circuit-under-test 1, D13, D14, D15 links to each other, and links to each other with the collector of photistor Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14, Q15; The positive level of infrarede emitting diode D16, the D17 of the kilobit character wheel in port CH4 and the circuit-under-test 1, D18, D19, D20 links to each other, and links to each other with the collector of photistor Q16, Q17, Q18, Q19, Q20; Port Vdd links to each other with the positive pole of 5V power supply, be connected in series current-limiting resistance R2 between the positive source of port OUT end and 5V, and port Vss holds and power supply ground joins;

The duty of infrarede emitting diode D in the analog switch K2 control electromechanical character wheel water meter in the circuit-under-test, K2 is that model is that eight of CD4051 selects one integrated circuit, its control signal A, B, C end are connected with RC2 with three digital leg RC4, the RC3 of single-chip microcomputer U1 respectively, and the port CH1 of K2 is connected with the negative pole of infrarede emitting diode D1, D6, D11, D16; The negative level of infrarede emitting diode D2, D7, D12, D17 links to each other in port CH2 and the circuit-under-test 1; The negative level of infrarede emitting diode D3, D8, D13, D18 links to each other in port CH3 and the circuit-under-test 1; The negative level of infrarede emitting diode D4, D9, D14, D19 links to each other in port CH4 and the circuit-under-test 1; The negative level of infrarede emitting diode D5, D10, D15, D20 links to each other in port CH5 and the circuit-under-test 1; Port Vdd links to each other with the positive pole of 5V power supply, and port OUT end links to each other with signal ground, and port Vss end joins with power supply ground;

The detected state of photistor Q in the analog switch K3 control electromechanical character wheel water meter circuit-under-test 1, K3 is that model is that eight of CD4051 selects one integrated circuit, its control signal A, B, C end are connected with RC0 with three digital leg RB6, the RB4 of single-chip microcomputer U1 respectively, and the port CH1 of K3 links to each other with the emitter of photistor Q1, Q6, Q11, Q16; The emitter of photistor Q2, Q7, Q12, Q17 links to each other in port CH2 and the circuit-under-test 1; The emitter of photistor Q3, Q8, Q13, Q18 links to each other in port CH3 and the circuit-under-test 1; The emitter of photistor Q4, Q9, Q14, Q19 links to each other in port CH4 and the circuit-under-test 1; The emitter of photistor Q5, Q10, Q15, Q20 links to each other in port CH5 and the circuit-under-test 1; Port Vdd links to each other with the positive pole of 5V power supply, port Vss end joins with power supply ground, port OUT end is connected with the internal comparator input end C12in-of single-chip microcomputer U1 with the end of sampling resistor R3, and the other end and the signal ground of sampling resistor R3 join, the two ends of sampling resistor R3 filter capacitor C6 in parallel;

The receiver output terminal R of the communication module U2 of integrated circuit MAX1487 links to each other with the asynchronous communication receiving end RX of single-chip microcomputer U1, the transmitter input end D of U2 links to each other with the asynchronous communication transmitting terminal TX of single-chip microcomputer U1, the receiver input Enable Pin RE of U2 and the output enable end DE of transmitter link to each other with the digital leg RA2 of single-chip microcomputer U1, the receiver input pin of U2 and the forward end A of transmitter output pin and long-range communication signal line join, the receiver input pin of U2 links to each other with the long-range communication signal line with the backward end B of transmitter output pin, port Vcc links to each other with the positive source of 5V, and port GND and power supply ground join;

Said power circuit is made up of the three end pressure regulator U3 of integrated circuit 78L05 and rectifier bridge Dz and capacitor C5, for system provides+direct supply of 5V; The input end of rectifier bridge Dz links to each other with external 12V power supply, serial connection voltage adjuster U3 and capacitor C5 between the output terminal of rectifier bridge Dz, the input end Vi of voltage adjuster U3 and the output terminal of rectifier bridge Dz join, and output end vo is exported the 5V power supply, and link to each other with the positive pole of capacitor C5.

In the above-described embodiments, this novel teletransmission electromechanical character wheel water meter is to finish reading of meter reading by light hole on the testee character wheel 3 and the letter disk code recognition system that infrarede emitting diode D and photistor Q form.Be fixed with a printed circuit board on the both sides of every character wheel, five couples of infrarede emitting diode D and photistor Q evenly distribute on the printed circuit board (PCB).When character wheel forwarded different positions to, the coding that the on off operating mode of five photistor Q is formed was different.Just can draw the reading of each character wheel indirectly by the on off operating mode that detects every photistor Q, by single-chip microcomputer U1 this reading teletransmission be sent to upper opertaing device again.

When upper opertaing device is sent order request water-meter reading reading, single-chip microcomputer U1 just reads the state of five photistor Q of each character wheel by turn to a high position from a position of water meter, find out corresponding reading according to the coding of these five states again, abandon into the reading of this water meter after whole readings are found out one by one, send to upper opertaing device.

When reading the state of a position character wheel photistor Q, single-chip microcomputer U1 at first makes RC5, RC6, RC7 be output as 001, and the analog switch K1 CH1 pin of general+5V power supply by OUT, the K1 of current-limiting resistance R2, K1 at this moment is added on the collector of the positive pole of light emitting diode D1, a D2 of position, D3, D4, D5 and photistor Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5; Then second go on foot, single-chip microcomputer U1 makes RC2, RC3, RC4 be output as 001, analog switch K2 this moment is added with voltage because have only, so have only D1 to be lighted with the D1 of individual position, ten D6, hundred CH1 end and the OUT end and the connection of power supply ground of D16 negative pole by K2 of D11, kilobit on the D1; The 3rd step, single-chip microcomputer U1 makes RC0, RB4, RB6 is output as 001, analog switch K3 this moment is with the Q1 of individual position, ten Q6, hundred Q11, the emitter of the Q16 of kilobit is connected with the input pin C12in-of the comparer of single-chip microcomputer U1 inside with sampling resistor R3 with the OUT end by the CH end of K3, because have only and be added with voltage on the Q1, other Q6, Q11, Q16 is making alive not, so have only the level of Q1 to be added to the comparator input terminal of single-chip microcomputer U1, if the light hole of testee 2 is not on the position of D1 and Q1 at this moment, Q1 is not because of there being the infrared light irradiation, be in cut-off state, the comparer among the U1 is output as high level; Otherwise, if the light hole in the character wheel 2 when the position of D1 and Q1, Q1 is in conducting state because of infrared radiation is arranged, the comparer among the single-chip microcomputer U1 is output as low level, has so just finished individual position Q1 status detection.So analogize, single-chip microcomputer U1 makes RC2, RC3, RC4 output be respectively 010,011,100,101, lights D2, D3, D4, D5 respectively; Single-chip microcomputer U1 makes RC0, RB4, RB6 be output as 010,011,100,101, and the comparer that Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 are received among the single-chip microcomputer U1 compares respectively, has just realized the collection respectively to individual Q2, Q3, these five states of Q4, Q5.

According to the method that reads the photistor Q state on the position character wheel, so analogize the state of ten Q6, Q7 that can measure respectively on the water meter, Q8, Q9, Q10, the state of the state of hundred Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14, Q15 and kilobit Q16, Q17, Q18, Q19, Q20;

To the state acquisition of whole photistor Q intact after, the control signal of analog switch K1, K2 and K3 all to be changed to 0, be that RC5, RC6, RC7 are output as 000, RC2, RC3, RC4 are output as 000, RC0, RB4, RB6 are output as 000, make all light emitting diode D1, D2 like this ... D20 and all photistor Q1, Q2 ... Q20 all separates with number electrical signal conversion circuit.Like this, do not have potential difference (PD) in the water, guarantee that infrarede emitting diode and photistor do not damage, and have guaranteed the circuit operate as normal.

In Fig. 3, the voltage that is used for infrarede emitting diode D and photistor Q is generally selected for use about 2 volts, and is low more good more, but will guarantee the operate as normal of infrarede emitting diode and photistor.Here use current-limiting resistance R2, make+5 volts power supply is depressured to 1.6 volts of anodes that are added to infrarede emitting diode and photistor.Lower voltage helps safety.

In the present embodiment, every pair of infrarede emitting diode and photistor are powered up a detection one power operation, every character wheel needs so operation five times, finish the encoding operation of character wheel state with this, this operation to infrarede emitting diode and photistor helps the reliability that Guarantee Status detects, improve security simultaneously, reduced power consumption.In addition, present embodiment is when work, and the order of operation is that K1 opens, K2 opens, K3 opens, the 5-10 millisecond of delaying time again, the comparison of sampling, close K3 again, close K2, close K1, preserve comparative result, be connected with upper equipment by the remote transfer signal line again, the reading of this table is sent to upper equipment.

Fig. 4 is a kind of another concrete application circuit that makes the circuit that infrarede emitting diode and photistor use in water of the present invention, be that a kind of infrarede emitting diode D and photistor Q of utilizing comes detection of underwater objects to slip into the degree of depth as detection probe, and the new device that utilizes the circuit of present embodiment that the detected degree of depth is transmitted at a distance;

In Fig. 4, circuit-under-test 1 is to utilize 7 couples of infrarede emitting diode D and photistor Q.

D1-D7: infrarede emitting diode; Q1-Q7: photistor;

K1-K3: analog switch, select for use eight to select an analog switch, model: CD4051 also can be that other model replaces;

U1: single-chip microcomputer, select the microprocessor of 16 bit of Texas Instruments for use, model: MSP430F122 also can be that other model replaces;

The u2:RS485 module is selected MAXIM company integrated circuit for use, and model: MAX1487 can be replacement with other model also, as PIC16F687; In the present embodiment, the model of single-chip microcomputer U1 has been selected integrated circuit MAX1487 for use.

U3: three end pressure regulators, model: 78L05; U4: three end pressure regulators, model: LM1117-2.85:

R1: resistor; R2: current-limiting resistance; R3: sampling resistor; X1: crystal oscillator;

C1-C2: capacitor; C3-C4: capacitor.

In Fig. 4, the power supply of K switch every couple of infrarede emitting diode D of 1 control and photistor Q, its control signal A, B, C end link to each other with P3.2 with three digital leg P3.0, the P3.1 of single-chip microcomputer U1 respectively; Its port CH1 links to each other with the positive pole of infrarede emitting diode D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7 and the collector of photistor Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7; It the OUT port and positive source between the series connection current-limiting resistance R2:

K switch 2 is duties of control infrarede emitting diode D, and its control signal A, B, C end link to each other with P2.2 with three digital leg P2.0, the P2.1 of single-chip microcomputer U1 respectively; Its port CH1 is connected with the negative pole of infrarede emitting diode D1; Its port CH2 is connected with the negative pole of infrarede emitting diode D2; Port CH3 is connected with the negative pole of infrarede emitting diode D3, port CH4 is connected with the negative pole of infrarede emitting diode D4, port CH5 is connected with the negative pole of infrarede emitting diode D5, port CH6 is connected with the negative pole of infrarede emitting diode D6, port CH7 is connected with the negative pole of infrarede emitting diode D7, and the OUT port is connected with power supply ground.

K switch 3 is state-detection of control photistor Q, its control signal A, B, C end respectively with three digital leg P1.0 of single-chip microcomputer U1, P1.1 links to each other with P1.2, port CH1 is connected with the negative pole of photistor Q1, port CH2 is connected with the negative pole of photistor Q2, port CH3 is connected with the negative pole of photistor Q3, port CH4 is connected with the negative pole of photistor Q4, port CH5 is connected with the negative pole of photistor Q5, port CH6 is connected with the negative pole of photistor Q6, port CH7 is connected with the negative pole of photistor Q7, and the OUT port is connected with the comparator input terminal CA1 of single-chip microcomputer with sampling resistor R3.The other end of sampling resistor R3 links to each other with signal ground.Two ends of sampling resistor R3 filter capacitor C4 in parallel.

The output terminal R of the receiver of communication module u2 links to each other with the asynchronous communication receiving end URXDO of single-chip microcomputer U1, the input end D of its transmitter links to each other with the asynchronous communication transmitting terminal UTXDO of single-chip microcomputer U1, and its receiver input Enable Pin _ RE and the output enable end DE of transmitter link to each other with the digital leg P3.6 of single-chip microcomputer U1.The A end of RS485 in the forward end A of its receiver input pin and transmitter output pin and the external unit host computer is connected, and the B of the RS485 in the backward end B of its receiver input pin and transmitter output pin and the external unit host computer holds and is connected.

Capacitor C1, C2 and crystal oscillator X1 form the external oscillator of single-chip microcomputer, are connected with the XOUT pin with the XINT pin of single-chip microcomputer U1.

Resistance R 1 and capacitor C3 form the reset circuit of single-chip microcomputer, are connected with the RST pin of single-chip microcomputer U1.

Voltage adjuster u3, u4, rectifier bridge Dz and capacitor C5, C6 form the power-supply system of this system.For system provides+direct supply of 5 volts and+2.85 volts.

The principle of work of Fig. 4 is: this novel object dark detector of diving is to finish the object deep-seated of diving and put detection by being installed in whenever be separated by on the detection probe 1 meter a pair of infrarede emitting diode D and photistor Q, have seven pairs, can test 7 meters the degree of depth that slips into, also can readjust the detection degree of depth according to the different requirement of user.When the object that pulls the plug slips into different depth, can block the Infrared that infrarede emitting diode D sends on the position, as long as we go the rounds to detect to the on off operating mode of 7 photistors by certain hour at interval, the position that is in the photistor place of off-state is exactly the degree of depth that slips at object place.This slips into the degree of depth can send to upper equipment by single-chip microcomputer U1.

When not going the rounds the photosensitive transistorized state of test, single-chip microcomputer U1 makes P3.0, P3.1, P3.2 be output as 000, P2.0, P2.1, P2.2 are output as 000, P1.0, P1.1, P1.2 are output as 000, the OUT end of three K switch 1, K2, K3 was all held with separately CHO and was connected this moment, because the CHO port of every K switch 1, K2, K3 is all opened a way, so that the circuit in the water and whole infrarede emitting diodes separate with circuit system with photistor.

Send order request when upper equipment and read when slipping into the degree of depth, single-chip microcomputer U1 just begins seven couples of infrarede emitting diode D and photistor Q are gone the rounds to detect.The result who detects sends to upper equipment.The touring process that detects is as follows: single-chip microcomputer U1 at first makes P3.0, P3.1, P3.2 be output as 001, and K1 general+5V power supply at this moment is added to light by current-limiting resistance R2, K1_OUT pin, K1_CH1 pin and sends out on the collector of the positive pole of diode D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7 and photistor Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7; The second step single-chip microcomputer makes P2.0, P2.1, P2.2 be output as 001, K2 connects the negative pole of D1 this moment by OUT and the power supply ground of CH1, the K2 of K2, because have only D1 to constitute the loop at this moment, other D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7 do not constitute the loop, so have only D1 to send infrared light this moment, and other infrared diode is all not luminous; In the 3rd step, single-chip microcomputer makes P1.0, P1.1, P1.2 be output as 001, and K3 this moment is connected the emitter of the Q1 OUT by CH1, the K3 of K3 with the input pin CA1 of the internal comparator of sampling resistor R3 and single-chip microcomputer.At this moment, dark object is not on the position of D1 and Q1 if dive, and the infrared light of D1 just can shine on the Q1, makes Q1 be in conducting state, the level that is input to the comparer among the single-chip microcomputer U1 is exactly a high level, and that comparer is output as is low when input (comparer be made as anti-phase); Otherwise if dive dark object on the position of D1 and Q1, this object has blocked the infrared light of D1, makes Q1 be in cut-off state, and the level that is input to the comparer among the single-chip microcomputer U1 is a low level, and the output of comparer just is high when input (comparer be made as anti-phase).1 meter D1 and Q1 status detection have so just been finished.Repeat second step and the 3rd step, single-chip microcomputer U1 makes the output of P2.0, P2.1, P2.2 be respectively 010,011,100,101,110,111, light D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7 respectively, make the output of P1.0, P1.1, P1.2 be respectively 010,011,100,101,110,111 comparers of respectively Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7 being received among the single-chip microcomputer U1, just realized Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, the Q6 to 2 meters, 3 meters, 4 meters, 5 meters, 6 meters and 7 meters, the collection respectively of Q7 state.

To the state acquisition of whole photistor Q intact after, the control signal of K switch 1, K2 and K3 all is changed to 0, promptly P3.0, P3.1, P3.2 are output as 000, P2.0, P2.1, P2.2 are output as 000, P1.0, P1.1, P1.2 are output as 000.Make all infrarede emitting diode D1-D7 all separate like this with circuit system with all photistor Q1-Q7.

In Fig. 4, be used for the operating voltage of infrarede emitting diode and photistor power supply is generally selected for use about 2 volts, low more good more, but to guarantee that infrarede emitting diode and photistor can operate as normal.Here use current-limiting resistance R2, make+5 volts power supply is depressured to 1.6 volts of anodes that are added to infrarede emitting diode and photistor.Lower voltage helps safety.

In Fig. 4, every pair of infrarede emitting diode and photistor are powered up a detection one power operation.This reliability that single operation to infrarede emitting diode D and photistor Q is helped the Guarantee Status detection.Improved security simultaneously, the power consumption of minimizing.

In addition, the order of operation is: K1 opens, and K2 opens, and K3 opens, and time-delay 5-10 millisecond carries out the Q1 sampling relatively, closes K3, closes K2, preserves comparative result; K2 opens, and K3 opens, and time-delay 5-10 millisecond carries out the Q2 sampling relatively, closes K3, closes K2, preserves comparative result; K2 opens, and K3 opens, and time-delay 5-10 millisecond carries out the Q7 sampling relatively, closes K3, closes K2, closes K1, preserves comparative result; Carry out subsequent processes.

In technique scheme, analog switch K1, K2, K3 can select for use four to select one analog switch according to the control needs of side circuit, as: CD4052; Also can select for use eight to select one analog switch, as: AD7501; Can also select for use 16 to select one analog switch, as: AD7506 or the like.

The model of single-chip microcomputer U1 is varied, according to the control needs of side circuit, can be to select eight bit processors for use, as: PIC16F687; Also can be the sixteen bit processor, as: MSP430F122 or the like.

Communication module U3 can be according to the control needs of side circuit, and can select model for use is the MAXIM company integrated circuit of MAX1487, and also can select Texas Instruments's integrated circuit model for use is SN65HVD3082E etc.

Claims

1. circuit that infrarede emitting diode and photistor are used in water, comprise circuit-under-test (1), circuit-under-test (1) is made up of infrarede emitting diode D, photistor Q and testee (2), testee (2) is gone up and infrarede emitting diode D and corresponding section, photistor Q position are provided with light hole (3), activity is fixed between infrarede emitting diode D and the photistor Q, it is characterized in that:

The control signal A of analog switch K1, B, C end are connected with RC5 with three digital leg RC7, the RC6 of single-chip microcomputer U1 respectively, the positive pole of infrarede emitting diode D in the port CH of K1 end and the circuit-under-test (1) and the collector of photistor Q link to each other, port Vdd links to each other with the positive pole of 5V power supply, be connected in series current-limiting resistance R2 between the positive source of port OUT end and 5V, port Vss holds and power supply ground joins;

2. a kind of circuit that infrarede emitting diode and photistor are used in water according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the resistance of said current-limiting resistance R2 is between 2.0K Ω-2.2K Ω.