CN207335761U - Home environment intelligent detection device based on FPGA - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of home environment intelligent detection device based on FPGA,The device includes fpga chip,Device includes indoor section and outdoor section,Indoor section includes the first temperature sensor,First humidity sensor,Carbon dioxide sensor,Carbon monoxide transducer,Formaldehyde sensor and smoke sensor device are connected with fpga chip,Indoor section further includes LCD display and voice prompting device,Outdoor section includes second temperature sensor,Second humidity sensor and PM2.5 sensors,The detection device further includes wireless communication module,The second temperature sensor that the wireless communication module will be located outside,The data of second humidity sensor and PM2.5 sensors are transferred to fpga chip,Each sensor uses battery powered,Fpga chip,LCD display and voice prompting device power supply connect indoor power supply using power supply adaptor.

Description

Home environment intelligent detection device based on FPGA

Technical field

The utility model belongs to technical field of environmental detection, the home environment intelligent measurement dress more particularly to based on FPGA Put.

Background technology

At present, the domestic environmental detection set used, such as temperature monitor, humidity measurement instrument, carbon dioxide detector, one Carbonmonoxide detector, PM2.5 detectors, fume monitor and methylene oxide detecting instrument etc., it is most of by monolithic processor controlled.It is believed Number (temperature, humidity, gas concentration lwevel, carbonomonoxide concentration, concentration of formaldehyde, PM2.5 dust concentrations, smokescope) passes through phase Inductive sensing device gathers, and the signal gathered is handled through FPGA, in LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) display Upper display respective value.Such detection device can only detect and show single signal, and shortage is comprehensive, and human-computer intellectualization energy Power is weaker.

Although existing detection technique has accomplished the detection for individual environmental factor, but lack systematicness, it is impossible to comprehensive to survey Many correlative factors of specific environment are measured, the environmental information that user obtains is incomplete.Secondly, it is monolithic processor controlled warm and humid Degree and gaseous environment detecting system precision are not high enough, and reliability is not strong enough, programmability is poor, can use I/O mouthfuls of phases of input and output To less.In addition, user obtains, text information is particularly inconvenient, and it is that cannot meet special population need to only rely on LCD text importings It is asking, it is necessary to additional speech prompt facility.In short, domestic existing home environment detecting system intelligence and practicality not enough.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is for domestic households temperature, humidity, PM2.5, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde And the parameter such as smog, exploitation one kind are based on FPGA home environment intelligent checking systems, comprehensively utilize the characteristic of multiple sensors, The family of reflection in time indoor and outdoor surroundings, assist to improve and improve the living conditions of user.

A kind of home environment intelligent detection device based on FPGA, the device include fpga chip, and device includes chamber interior Divide and outdoor section, indoor section include the first temperature sensor, the first humidity sensor, carbon dioxide sensor, an oxidation Carbon sensor, formaldehyde sensor and smoke sensor device are connected with fpga chip, and indoor section further includes LCD display and voice carries Show device,

Outdoor section includes second temperature sensor, the second humidity sensor and PM2.5 sensors,

The detection device further includes wireless communication module, which senses the second temperature being located outside The data of device, the second humidity sensor and PM2.5 sensors are transferred to fpga chip,

Each sensor uses battery powered, and fpga chip, LCD display and voice prompting device power supply use power adaptation Device connects indoor power supply.

Temperature sensor and humidity sensor are using AM230 sensors, and carbon dioxide sensor is using MG811 Sensor, PM2.5 sensors are using SDS011 sensors, and carbon monoxide transducer is using MQ-9 sensors, formaldehyde Sensor is used using ZE08-CH2O sensors, smoke sensor device using MQ-2 smoke sensor devices, fpga chip ALTERA companies Cyclone IV, LCD display use JLX256160G-680-PC models, and voice prompting device uses YS- TimeP models, wireless communication module use 2.4G ZigBee wireless module CC2530, and power supply adaptor is steady using TPS54350 Depressor.

The utility model mainly by signal acquisition module (temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, smog with And the sensor such as PM2.5), CPU module, LCD display module, voice cue module, communication module and power supply module are formed.On Stating the signal of a few class sensors collection, (A/D switch technologies) sends FPGA to as electronic signals, and FPGA uses hardware description Language HDL (Hardware Discription Language) is developed, and realizes integrated treatment to multi-sensor information and man-machine Intelligent interaction, and when indoor smog concentration or carbonomonoxide concentration exceed certain predetermined value, realize prompt functions.

The beneficial effects of the utility model include：

Firstth, compared with traditional Temperature and Humidity and gaseous environment detection device, the characteristic of multiple sensors is combined, Indoor and outdoor temperature, humidity, gas concentration lwevel, carbonomonoxide concentration, concentration of formaldehyde and PM2.5 values can be carried out at the same time complete Face is detected, and can be conducive to assist the living conditions for improving and improving user in LCD liquid crystal displays and voice prompt；

Secondth, controlled using FPGA, it is not high enough to solve conventional one-piece machine control measurement accuracy, and reliability is not strong enough, can The problem of programmatic is poor, enables a user to understand accurate, comprehensive indoor and outdoor surroundings information at any time；

3rd, LCD text importings can not only show the real-time temperature of indoor and outdoor, humidity, gas concentration lwevel, an oxidation Concentration of carbon, concentration of formaldehyde and PM2.5 values, by indoor and outdoor physical quantity comparative analysis, and the contrast between actual amount and preset value, It can show the warm prompt statement of intelligence, remind user reasonably dress and indoor and outdoor activity.

4th, sound prompt function is addition of, facilitates special population and obtain indoor and outdoor surroundings information, greatly strengthen production The practicality of product.

5th, interior employs temperature monitor, carbonmonoxide detector and methylene oxide detecting instrument module, works as Indoor Temperature When degree, carbonomonoxide concentration and concentration of formaldehyde exceed certain predetermined value, realize prompt functions, greatly ensured user Life security.

6th, other fields are extended to, such as the detection and display of ward indoor and outdoor surroundings, the inspection of home for destitute internal and external environment Survey and show etc., greatly facilitate ward patient and obtain indoor and outdoor temperature, humidity, gas concentration lwevel and PM2.5 values etc. Environmental information, can assist in improvement ward environment, have very big application background.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 the utility model forms structure diagram.

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, the structure diagram of the Intelligence home environment detection device based on FPGA for the utility model.The dress Put be using FPGA as core, by FPGA, multiclass sensor (temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, smog and PM2.5 sensors), communication module, LCD display, voice prompting device, power circuit form.

Temperature-humidity sensor has high stability and efficiency using AM230 sensors, this sensor, its The data communication mode of medium temperature humidity detecting module is using monobus mode, it is only necessary to using a data lines, in system Data exchange, control completed by data cable.

Carbon dioxide sensor is using MG811 sensors, this sensor die analog quantity output (0~2V/0-4V) voltage Export optional, there is very high sensitivity and good selectivity to carbon dioxide, and with long-term service life and can The stability leaned on.

PM2.5 sensors are using SDS011 sensors.The sensor has the characteristics that：Laser detection, data are steady Fix really；The scene change response time is less than 10 seconds, response quickly；Serial ports output (or I/O port output is customizable), easy to integrated； Particle minimum diameter is differentiated up to 0.3 micron, high resolution.

For carbon monoxide transducer using MQ-9 sensors, gas sensitive used in the sensor is in clean air The relatively low stannic oxide of middle electrical conductivity (SnO2).Using one oxidation of high/low temperature cycle detection mode low temperature (1.5V heating) detection Carbon, detection carbonomonoxide concentration scope is 10~1000ppm, and the electrical conductivity of sensor is with CO in Air gas concentration Increase and increase.MQ-9 sensors can be converted to the change of electrical conductivity opposite with the gas concentration using simple circuit The output signal answered.

Formaldehyde sensor is using ZE08-CH2O sensors.The sensor be using electrochemical sensor principle come into Row measures the content of formaldehyde in air, the advantage is that high sensitivity, most I accomplishes the true resolution of 2ppb, low work( Consumption, service life length, high stability, outstanding antijamming capability, while there is numeral output and simulation output, it is easy to use. The working sensor voltage is 5~12V, and detection range is 0~5ppm.

Smoke sensor device is using MQ-2 smoke sensor devices.The sensor belongs to gas sensor, is gas-electricity conversion Device, imflammable gas and the aerial content of smog (i.e. concentration) are changed into voltage or current signal, pass through A/D by it Analog quantity is converted into being sent to FPGA after digital quantity by conversion circuit, and then completes data processing, concentration processing and alarm by FPGA The work such as control.The working sensor voltage is direct current 5V, has simple two-way signal output (analog output and Transistor-Transistor Logic level output) Feature, TTL output useful signals are low level, and analog output 0~5V voltages, concentration more high voltage is higher, has long-term Service life and reliable stability and quickly respond recovery characteristics.

CPU module uses the fpga chip of ALTERA companies Cyclone IV series.Cyclone IV, be relative to first three The Cyclone series in generation realizes low-power consumption, relatively low system cost.The realization of hardware capability, it is necessary to minimum system (including Cyclone IV chips, download circuit, external clock, reset circuit) on the basis of extend out, wherein download interface includes JTAG tune Try mouth and AS download interfaces, FPGA clocks be branched away from crystal oscillator and reset circuit can directly use IMp811 reset coils Piece.The design of program is carried out modularization programming by the realization of software function, the design using the programming of HDL language.

LCD display module uses JLX256160G-680-PC model LCD displays, its dot matrix number is 256*160, visually Area is 106.305*62.0mm, can meet indication range and number of words requirement.

Voice cue module is controlled using YS-TimeP models by the I/O port of FPGA, and minimum 2 I/O ports can control.This control Mode processed is to employ to simulate serial control mode, it is necessary to which the content for playing which address just sends several pulses.For example, Need to play the sound that second segment is prompted, be then：A reset pulse is first sent to RST feet, then sends 2 pulses to DATA Foot.Chip works at once, plays the sound of second segment.

Communication module uses 2.4G ZigBee wireless module CC2530 development kits, the representative value 3V of its voltage.Profit respectively With 3 pairs of communication modules, the data that outdoor temperature sensor, humidity sensor and PM2.5 sensors are gathered are transferred to Indoor FPGA, reaches the function being wirelessly transferred.CC2530 is used for the transmission of sensor and the serial data of FPGA, has short distance The characteristics of from, low-power consumption, low cost.

Power supply module is generally in two sub-sections：Various kinds of sensors is powered using dc-battery；FPGA, LCD and voice carry Show that power supply connects indoor power supply using power supply adaptor.In general, the pin and resource that FPGA is used are more, required electric current Also bigger, when circuit start, the immediate current of FPGA is also bigger.3A electric currents can be provided using TPS54350 voltage-stablizers, can be with Reach the effect that electric current and burning voltage are provided.In order to ensure that fpga chip works normally, each of which core voltage VCCINT (1.5V) and port voltage VCCIO (5V) are required for addition filter circuit, to eliminate influence of the external circuit to FPGA master chips.

The course of work of the utility model is：When indoor and outdoor temperature, humidity, gas concentration lwevel, carbonomonoxide concentration, first When aldehyde concentration, smokescope and PM2.5 values change, sensor converts a signal into the numeral letter that FPGA can be identified Number, under the control of programming language, FPGA analyzes and processes indoor and outdoor these signals (to be write corresponding default in a program Reference quantity, contrast carry out humiture and the difference of gaseous environment inside and outside Evaluation Room), signal is sent to LCD display and voice prompt Device.If indoor and outdoor temperature difference exceeds preset value, " indoor (outer) temperature difference is larger, it is noted that increase and decrease clothing " is shown on LCD, at the same time Voice prompting device reads text prompt；If indoor and outdoor temperature difference exceeds preset value, display on LCD " indoor and outdoor humidity difference compared with Greatly, it is noted that keep the skin wet ", while voice prompting device reads text prompt；If outdoor PM2.5 values exceed preset value, on LCD Display " " outdoor PM2.5 values are higher, and trip please wear mask ", while voice prompting device reads text prompt；If indoor dioxy Change carbon value and exceed preset value, " indoor carbon dioxide concentration is larger, it is noted that ventilation " is shown on LCD, while voice prompting device is read Go out text prompt；If indoor carbon dioxide value exceeds preset value, shown on LCD " indoor carbon dioxide concentration is larger, it is noted that Ventilation ", while voice prompting device reads text prompt；If indoor formaldehyde concentration exceeds preset value, " indoor first is shown on LCD Aldehyde concentration is larger, please postpone moving in ", while voice prompting device reads text prompt；If concentration of indoor carbon monoxide or smog Concentration exceeds preset value, shows " concentration of indoor carbon monoxide or smokescope are larger, please flee from room as early as possible " on LCD, at the same time Voice prompting device reads text prompt.

The utility model is characterized in that：

Firstth, this programme is directed to domestic households indoor and outdoor temperature, humidity and gaseous environment, comprehensively utilizes multiple sensors Characteristic, realize to being detected while multiple environmental physics amounts, overcome existing detection technique and lack systematic problem.

Secondth, this programme is controlled using FPGA control substitution microcontrollers, has abundant I/O mouth resources on in-system programming, The limitation that measurement accuracy is not high enough, and reliability is not strong enough, programmability is relatively weak is breached, it is accurate to make to obtain at any time High, the comprehensive strong ward environment information of property.

3rd, relatively difficult for special population acquisition text information, special people cannot be met by only relying on LCD text importings The problem of group's demand, this programme addition of sound prompt function, facilitates user and obtains indoor and outdoor surroundings information.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of home environment intelligent detection device based on FPGA, it is characterised in that the device includes fpga chip, device bag Indoor section and outdoor section are included, indoor section includes the first temperature sensor, the first humidity sensor, carbon dioxide sensing Device, carbon monoxide transducer, formaldehyde sensor and smoke sensor device are connected with fpga chip, and indoor section further includes LCD and shows Device and voice prompting device,

Outdoor section includes second temperature sensor, the second humidity sensor and PM2.5 sensors,

The detection device further includes wireless communication module, the wireless communication module by the second temperature sensor being located outside, The data of second humidity sensor and PM2.5 sensors are transferred to fpga chip,

Each sensor uses battery powered, and fpga chip, LCD display and voice prompting device power supply are connect using power supply adaptor Indoor power supply.

2. the home environment intelligent detection device based on FPGA as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that

Temperature sensor and humidity sensor are sensed using AM230 sensors, carbon dioxide sensor using MG811 Device, PM2.5 sensors are using SDS011 sensors, and carbon monoxide transducer is using MQ-9 sensors, formaldehyde sensing Device uses ALTERA using ZE08-CH2O sensors, smoke sensor device using MQ-2 smoke sensor devices, fpga chip Company Cyclone IV, LCD display use JLX256160G-680-PC models, and voice prompting device uses YS-TimeP models, Wireless communication module uses 2.4G ZigBee wireless module CC2530, and power supply adaptor uses TPS54350 voltage-stablizers.