CN101123417A - Frequency conversion circuit - Google Patents
Frequency conversion circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN101123417A CN101123417A CNA2006101107533A CN200610110753A CN101123417A CN 101123417 A CN101123417 A CN 101123417A CN A2006101107533 A CNA2006101107533 A CN A2006101107533A CN 200610110753 A CN200610110753 A CN 200610110753A CN 101123417 A CN101123417 A CN 101123417A
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Abstract
The utility model provides a frequency change-over circuit and a lower convertor of the circuit. The frequency change-over circuit is used to convert the radio-frequency signal into the first fundamental frequency signal according to the multi-phase local oscillating signal, and comprises a coupler, a first conversion unit and a first switch unit. The coupler is used to receive and separate the radio-frequency signal, and transfer the first radio-frequency signal through a first output port. The first conversion unit is used to magnify the first radio-frequency signal. The first switch unit is used to switch the output signal of the first conversion unit to the first fundamental frequency signal according to the multi-phase local oscillating signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is about a kind of freq converting circuit, and particularly about the transformer-coupled freq converting circuit of a kind of use.
Background technology
Directly frequency reducing receiver (direct-conversion receiver, homodynereceiver or zero-IF receiver) and is little by little shown up prominently in transceiver (transceiver) because of advantages such as simple in structure, single chips in recent years.But directly the frequency reducing receiver adopts the structure of frequency reducing operation, also exists some shortcomings must go to overcome.For example, because the frequency of oscillation of the leggy local oscillated signal that this kind receiver is produced is very approaching with the frequency of oscillation of radiofrequency signal.And frequency mixer in this receiver (mixer) and low noise amplifier (low noiseamplifier, abbreviation LNA) input (being referred to as the input of radiofrequency signal at this), the isolated degree (isolation) that receives the input of leggy local oscillated signal with frequency mixer is not infinity.Therefore, when the leggy local oscillated signal via wearing tunnel (feedthrough) effect, when appearing at the input of radiofrequency signal, to carry out self-smear (self-mixing) with leggy local oscillated signal originally, and then form direct current offset (DC offset), influence the real radiofrequency signal that receives.
In order to address the above problem, as shown in Figure 1, traditional down-converter (down converter) utilization has traditional th harmonic mixer (sub-harmonic mixer is called for short SHM) of good isolated degree, exchanges the minimizing of direct current offset for.Wherein traditional th harmonic mixer 102 and 103 is the circuit of a kind of both-end input and both-end output, therefore the differential input signal (just radiofrequency signal RFI1 and RFQ1) that is received is that radiofrequency signal RF 1 produces via orthogonal signal generator (quadraturecoupler) 101.At this moment, traditional down-converter is in order to obtain the fundamental frequency signal BF11 and the BF12 of two mutual quadratures, and phase deviation device 104 (phase shifter) must provide two groups of leggy local oscillated signal PLO11 and PLO12.Wherein leggy local oscillated signal PLO11 comprises local oscillated signal LO1-LO4, and the phase-shift phase of local oscillated signal LO1-LO4 is respectively 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and 270 degree.Leggy local oscillated signal PLO12 then comprises local oscillated signal LO5-LO8, and the phase-shift phase of local oscillated signal LO5-LO8 is respectively 45 degree, 135 degree, 225 degree and 315 degree.Thus, for produce the local oscillated signal LO1-LO8 of 8 different phase-shift phases, just tradition down the commentaries on classics device must to adopt very complicated phase deviation device 104 to reach system required.In other words, reduce traditional down-converter of direct current offset, in the circuit performance of lifting own, also increased the consumption of circuit complexity and chip area simultaneously via traditional th harmonic mixer.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is is providing a kind of freq converting circuit, utilize transformer-coupled mode, allow first and second trnasducing element under the pattern of single-ended input, cooperate the pairwise orthogonal radiofrequency signal that coupler produced, make the present invention compare down with traditional structure, only need not receive one group of leggy local oscillated signal, and, reach the effect that reduces power consumption because of the single-ended input structure of coupler.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of down-converter, utilize the employed transformer coupled mode of freq converting circuit, allow frequency generating circuit only need to reach the effect that reduces circuit complexity and chip area under the condition of one group of leggy local oscillated signal of generation.
For reaching above-mentioned and other purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of freq converting circuit, in order to according to a leggy local oscillated signal, and converts radiofrequency signal to fundamental frequency signal, and wherein fundamental frequency signal comprises first fundamental frequency signal.This freq converting circuit comprises coupler, first trnasducing element and first switch unit.Coupler is in order to receive and to separate radiofrequency signal, to transmit first radiofrequency signal by first output.Be electrically connected to first trnasducing element of first output, in order to amplify first radiofrequency signal.Afterwards, first switch unit is in order to foundation leggy local oscillated signal, and the output signal of first trnasducing element is switched to first fundamental frequency signal.
In a preferred embodiment, described fundamental frequency signal also comprises second fundamental frequency signal, so freq converting circuit also comprises second trnasducing element and second switch unit.Second trnasducing element is electrically connected to second output of coupler, in order to amplify second radiofrequency signal of being transmitted by second output.Afterwards, be electrically connected to second switch unit of second trnasducing element,, the output signal of second trnasducing element switched to second fundamental frequency signal then in order to foundation leggy local oscillated signal.
From another viewpoint, the present invention proposes a kind of down-converter in addition, and in order to convert radiofrequency signal to fundamental frequency signal, wherein fundamental frequency signal comprises first fundamental frequency signal.This down-converter comprises signal generating circuit and freq converting circuit.Freq converting circuit then comprises coupler, first trnasducing element and first switch unit.Signal generating circuit is in order to provide a leggy local oscillated signal.Freq converting circuit then utilizes coupler, receives also to separate radiofrequency signal, to allow first trnasducing element of first output that is electrically connected to coupler, amplifies first radiofrequency signal.Afterwards, first switch unit is according to the leggy local oscillated signal, and the output signal of first trnasducing element is switched to first fundamental frequency signal.
According to the described down-converter of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described signal generating circuit comprises local oscillator and phase deviation device.Local oscillator is in order to produce a local oscillated signal.And be coupled to the phase deviation device of local oscillator, then in order to local oscillated signal is converted to the local oscillated signal of several different phase-shift phases, with output as the leggy local oscillated signal.
The present invention is because of utilizing transformer-coupled mode, allow the pattern of first and second trnasducing element with single-ended input, under the situation of first and second radiofrequency signal that receives coupler respectively and produced, cause first and second switch unit to utilize one group of leggy local oscillated signal, just can produce first and second mutually orthogonal fundamental frequency signal.Thus, compare down with traditional structure, the coupler of single-ended input structure not only has the effect that reduces power consumption, and utilizes the down-converter of freq converting circuit, has also reached the effect that reduces circuit complexity and chip area.
For described and other purposes, feature and advantage of the present invention can be become apparent, preferred embodiment of the present invention cited below particularly, and conjunction with figs. are described in detail as follows.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of traditional down-converter.
Fig. 2 is the freq converting circuit structural representation according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the trnasducing element and the switch unit detailed circuit diagram of the preferred embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the special circuit of the transformer coupled gilbert that is illustrated in order to key diagram 3 embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the freq converting circuit detailed circuit diagram of the preferred embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are the actual measurement in order to the circuit characteristic of key diagram 5 embodiment.
Fig. 8 is Fig. 5 embodiment and the correlation properties comparison sheet of periodical now.
Fig. 9 is the down-converter structural representation of the preferred embodiment according to the present invention.
The main element symbol description
101: orthogonal signal generator
102,103: traditional th harmonic mixer
104,910: the phase deviation device
920: local oscillator
200: freq converting circuit
201: coupler
202,204: trnasducing element
203,205: switch unit 210,220: differential input terminal
210a and 210b, 220a and 220b: input
301,501,502: transformer
502a: the first siding ring of transformer 502
502b: the second siding ring of transformer 502
901: signal generating circuit MN1-MN16, MN41-MN44:N transistor npn npn
R1-R5: resistance
C1-C8: electric capacity
OUT1: first output of coupler 201
OUT2: second output of coupler 201
Embodiment
Fig. 2 is the freq converting circuit structural representation according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, comprises coupler (coupler) 201, trnasducing element 202 and 204 and switch unit 203 and 205.Trnasducing element 202 is electrically connected to the first output OUT1 of coupler 201.Switch unit 203 is electrically connected to trnasducing element 202.Freq converting circuit 200 is according to a leggy local oscillated signal PLO2, and converts radiofrequency signal RF2 to fundamental frequency signal, and wherein fundamental frequency signal comprises the first fundamental frequency signal BF21.Therefore, in brief, the operation mechanism of freq converting circuit 200 is to receive and separation radiofrequency signal RF2 via coupler 201, is coupled in coupler 201 trnasducing element 202 afterwards to allow, and amplifies the first radiofrequency signal RFI2 that is transmitted by the first output OUT1.At last, switch unit 203 is according to leggy local oscillated signal PLO2, and the output signal of trnasducing element 202 is switched to the first fundamental frequency signal BF21.
Described fundamental frequency signal also comprises the second fundamental frequency signal BF22, and wherein the second fundamental frequency signal BF22 and the first fundamental frequency signal BF21 are mutually orthogonal.Trnasducing element 204 is electrically connected to the second output OUT2 of coupler 201.205 of switch units are electrically connected to trnasducing element 204.Trnasducing element 204 is in order to amplify the second radiofrequency signal RFQ2 that is transmitted by the second output OUT2.205 of switch units are according to leggy local oscillated signal PLO2, and the output signal of trnasducing element 204 is switched to the second fundamental frequency signal BF22.Wherein the second radiofrequency signal BF22 and the first radiofrequency signal BF21 are mutually orthogonal.
Described leggy local oscillated signal comprises local oscillated signal LO
1-LO
4Local oscillated signal LO wherein
1-LO
4Frequency of oscillation respectively all be 0.5 times of frequency of oscillation of radiofrequency signal RF2.In a preferred embodiments, local oscillated signal LO
1-LO
4Phase-shift phase can be respectively 0 the degree, 90 the degree, 180 the degree and 270 the degree, perhaps can be respectively 45 the degree, 135 the degree, 225 the degree and 315 the degree ... etc.So those skilled in the art, at local oscillated signal LO
1-LO
4Phase-shift phase design on, only need meet i local oscillated signal LO
iPhase-shift phase, than i+1 local oscillated signal LO
I+1Phase-shift phase little 90 the degree, just under spirit of the present invention.Wherein i is the positive integer greater than 0, and 1≤i≤3.
Fig. 3 is the detailed circuit diagram of trnasducing element 202 and switch unit 203.Contrast Fig. 2, the wherein differential input terminal 210 of switch unit 203 in input 210a and the 210b corresponding diagram 2.Continuation is with reference to Fig. 3, and trnasducing element 202 comprises capacitor C 1 and transformer 301.Switch unit 203 comprises resistance R 1 and R2 and N transistor npn npn MN1-MN8.Resistance R 1 is coupled to operating voltage V respectively with first end of R2
Cc3The drain electrode of N transistor npn npn MN1 and MN2 and MN5 and MN6 together is coupled to second end of resistance R 1.The drain electrode of N transistor npn npn MN3 and MN4 and MN7 and MN8 then together is coupled to second end of resistance R 2.The source electrode of N transistor npn npn MN1-MN4 together is coupled to first end of the second siding ring of transformer 301.The source electrode of N transistor npn npn MN5-MN8 then together is coupled to second end of the second siding ring of transformer 301.Central authorities' end of the second siding ring of transformer 301 is coupled to ground.Second end of the first siding ring of transformer 301 also is coupled to ground.
Continuation is with reference to Fig. 3.Transformer 301 adopts the structure of single-ended inputs and both-end output, providing transduction to gain to radiofrequency signal RF2, allows the radiofrequency signal RF2 that converts differential current signal to, is directed to the source terminal of N transistor npn npn MN1-MN8.Use transformer 301 coupling radiofrequency signal RF2 at this, except potential characteristic, and compare down, can also reduce the use that transistor stacks, and then help the realization of low-voltage with the transduction circuit of transistor version institute structure in the traditional structure with high linearity.Then, with reference to the special circuit of the transformer coupled gilbert of Fig. 4, the operation principle of N transistor npn npn MN1-MN8.Each N transistor npn npn in the special circuit of transformer coupled gilbert, if be equivalent to the N transistor npn npn of two parallel-connection structures among Fig. 3, for example N transistor npn npn MN41 is equivalent to be made of N transistor npn npn MN1 and MN2 among Fig. 3.And with this understanding, with local oscillated signal LO
1-LO
4Frequency of oscillation, change over local oscillated signal LO
41With LO
420.5 times of frequency of oscillation, then the operating principle of Fig. 3 will be equivalent to the special circuit of transformer coupled gilbert of Fig. 4.Therefore, N transistor npn npn MN1-MN8 among Fig. 4 is equivalent to a switch in operation, will be at the differential current signal that is produced by transformer 301, according to local oscillated signal LO
1-LO
4Do periodically current switching operation, and then reaching under the mixing effect, export the first fundamental frequency signal BF21.By this, the structure that trnasducing element 202 and switch unit 203 are combined not only can be with local oscillated signal LO
1-LO
4Frequency of oscillation operate in the frequency of oscillation of 0.5 times radiofrequency signal RF2, and also can possess the good isolated degree that the special circuit of transformer coupled gilbert is had.
The freq converting circuit detailed circuit diagram of preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, wherein the circuit structure and the operation principle of trnasducing element 202 and switch unit 203 are described as Fig. 3 embodiment.And trnasducing element 204 comprises transformer 501 and capacitor C 8.Switch unit 205 comprises resistance R 3 and R4 and N transistor npn npn MN9-MN16.Wherein, the circuit structure and the operation principle of trnasducing element 204 and switch unit 205, similar to trnasducing element 202 to switch unit 203, just do not add to explain at this.Therefore, below will be earlier from coupler 201 freq converting circuit detailed circuit diagram.
Continuation is with reference to Fig. 5, and coupler 201 comprises capacitor C 2-C7, resistance R 5 and transformer 502.Capacitor C 1 and C2 are serially connected between second end and ground end of first siding ring 502a of transformer 502.Capacitor C 3 is serially connected in second end of the first siding ring 502a of transformer 502, and between first end of the second siding ring 502b of transformer 502.Capacitor C 4 and resistance R 5 are serially connected between second end and ground end of second siding ring 502b of transformer 502.Capacitor C 5 is serially connected between first end and ground end of first siding ring 502a of transformer 502.Capacitor C 6 is serially connected in first end of the first siding ring 502a of transformer 502, and between second end of the second siding ring 502b of transformer 502.Capacitor C 7 and C8 are serially connected between first end and ground end of second siding ring 502b of transformer 502.
The structure that coupler 201 utilizes transformation 502 and capacitor C 2-C7 to be formed is separated into radiofrequency signal RF2 the radiofrequency signal RFI2 and the RFQ2 of pairwise orthogonal.Resistance R 5 wherein is in order to provide Circuit Matching.Afterwards, the radiofrequency signal RFI2 of pairwise orthogonal and RFQ2 are sent to trnasducing element 202 and 204 respectively.At this moment, switch unit 203 and 205 (comprises local oscillated signal LO together receiving leggy local oscillated signal PLO2
1-LO
4) situation under, to utilize respectively N transistor npn npn MN1-MN8, with N transistor npn npn MN9-MN16, at by trnasducing element 202 and 204 differential current signals that produced, do periodically current switching operation, and then produce first mutually orthogonal fundamental frequency signal BF21 and the BF22 respectively.
In order further to understand the present invention, Fig. 6-Fig. 8 is implemented in actual measurement under the standard 0.18um CMOS process technique now for Fig. 5 embodiment.The th harmonic mixer 202 and 203 of Fig. 5 embodiment wherein is at operating voltage V
CC3Be 1.8V, and each other current sinking is under the situation of 1.96mA.As shown in Figure 6, freq converting circuit 200 is under the frequency band of 4-10GHz in frequency, S11 in the S parameter (Scattering-Parameter) maintains-below the 10dB, can find out the structure of utilizing coupler 201 to cooperate transformer coupled radiofrequency signal RF2 thus, have perfect input matching properties.Then see the output signal of freq converting circuit 200, just the actual measurement of the first fundamental frequency signal BF21 and the second fundamental frequency signal BF22.As shown in Figure 7, wherein the first fundamental frequency signal BF21 is constituted by the signal among Fig. 7 [1] and [2], and the second fundamental frequency signal BF21 is then constituted by signal [3] and [4].Actual measurement by Fig. 7 can draw, and the phase difference that constitutes the differential wave (signal [1] with [2]) of the first fundamental frequency signal BF21 is-180.34 degree, and the phase difference that constitutes the differential wave (signal [3] and [4]) of the second fundamental frequency signal BF22 is-179.06 degree.And whether the first fundamental frequency signal BF21 and the second fundamental frequency signal BF22 are the signal of pairwise orthogonal, can be under the bit comparison mutually of signal [1] and signal [3], signal [4], and the phase error of output signal of learning freq converting circuit 200 is below 3 degree.
In addition, Fig. 8 has listed Fig. 5 embodiment and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE (IEEE, Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) in microwave in 2004 and wireless element proceedings the 14th volume the 7th phase the 319th to 321 page of (Microwave and WirelessComponents Letters, VOL.14, NO.7, PP.319-321) paper of being delivered in (representing with known [1] among Fig. 8), solid-state circuit proceedings the 35th volume the 9th phase the 1329th to 1337 page of (Solid-state Circuits in 2000, VOL.35, NO.9, PP.1329-1337) periodical of being delivered in (representing with known [2] among Fig. 8), solid-state circuit proceedings the 38th volume the 10th phase the 1762nd to 1766 page of (Solid-state Circuits in 2003, VOL.38, NO.10, PP.1762-1766) paper of being delivered in (representing with known [3] among Fig. 8), and solid-state circuit proceedings the 39th volume the 6th phase the 871st to 884 page of (Solid-state Circuits in 2004, VOL.39, NO.6, the comparative result of the paper of being delivered in PP.871-884) (among Fig. 8 with known [4] expression).Can demonstrate freq converting circuit of the present invention by Fig. 8 and compare down with the paper that periodical is now delivered, though be in power (Power), gain (Gain), (Input 3 for input three rank cross-points
RdOrderintercept point, IIP3), (Input 2 for input second order cross-point
RdOrder interceptpoint, IIP2), quality factor (figure-of-merit, FOM), LOR (local oscillatorrejection) or at the leakage signal (leakagesignal) that the leggy local oscillated signal is produced, all have superperformance.Wherein quality factor is one of good and bad mode of comparation and assessment frequency converter, and its general formula is equal to FOM=20*log (f)+Gain-10*log (NoiseFactor-1)+IIP3+IIP2-10*log (Power), and Noise Factor is a noise factor.In addition, the symbol * of institute's note represents that the th harmonic mixer that this periodical is delivered has linearizer among Fig. 8.
From another viewpoint, Fig. 9 is the down-converter structural representation according to preferred embodiment of the present invention, comprises signal generating circuit 901 and freq converting circuit 200.Wherein freq converting circuit 200 comprises coupler 201, trnasducing element 202 and 204 and switch load unit 203 and 205 again.Freq converting circuit 200 is coupled to signal generator 901.Signal generating circuit 901 is in order to provide leggy local oscillated signal PLO2 (comprising local oscillated signal LO1-LO4) to freq converting circuit 200.Freq converting circuit 200 utilizes coupler 201, converts radiofrequency signal RF2 to mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal RFI2 and RFQ2.At this moment, the trnasducing element 202 that is coupled to coupler 201 is amplified radiofrequency signal RFI2, and switch unit 203 is according to leggy local oscillated signal PLO2, and the output signal of trnasducing element 202 is switched to this first fundamental frequency signal BF21.And be coupled to the trnasducing element 204 of coupler 201, then in order to amplifying radiofrequency signal RFQ2, and switch unit 205 is according to leggy local oscillated signal PLO2, and the output signal of trnasducing element 204 is switched to the second fundamental frequency signal BF22.
Described signal generating circuit 901 comprises local oscillator 920 and phase deviation device 910.Phase deviation device 910 is coupled to local oscillator 920.Local oscillator 920 so that allow phase deviation device 910 with received local oscillated signal, converts the local oscillated signal of several different phase-shift phases in order to produce local oscillated signal to, and then output is as the leggy local oscillated signal.In Fig. 9 embodiment, the operation principle of freq converting circuit 200, circuit structure and dependent circuit characteristics then are included among Fig. 2-Fig. 8 embodiment, just do not add narration at this.
In sum, the present invention is because of adopting transformer-coupled mode, allow trnasducing element under the pattern of single-ended input, the pairwise orthogonal radiofrequency signal that makes freq converting circuit can utilize coupler to produce, allow two switch units under the situation that receives same group of leggy local oscillated signal, just can carry out mixing, and then produce two mutually orthogonal fundamental frequency signals at the output signal that trnasducing element produced.Thus, compare down with traditional structure, the coupler of single-ended input structure not only has the effect that reduces power consumption, and utilizes the down-converter of this freq converting circuit, has also reached the effect that reduces circuit complexity and chip area.
Though the present invention with preferred embodiment openly as above; right its is not that any those skilled in the art are under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention in order to qualification the present invention; can change and modification, so protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with the claim institute restricted portion that is proposed.
Claims (19)
1. freq converting circuit in order to according to a leggy local oscillated signal, and converts a radiofrequency signal to one first fundamental frequency signal, and this freq converting circuit comprises:
One coupler is in order to receive and to separate this radiofrequency signal, to transmit one first radiofrequency signal by one first output;
One first trnasducing element is electrically connected to this first output, in order to amplify this first radiofrequency signal; And
One first switch unit is electrically connected to this first trnasducing element, in order to according to this leggy local oscillated signal, and the output signal of this first trnasducing element is switched to this first fundamental frequency signal.
2. freq converting circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein this first trnasducing element comprises:
One first transformer, have a first siding ring and a second siding ring, wherein first end of this first siding ring is in order to receive this first radiofrequency signal, second end of this first siding ring is coupled to ground, and the central authorities of this second siding ring end is coupled to ground, and first end of this second siding ring and second end are electrically connected to this first switch unit; And
One first electric capacity, its first end is coupled to first end of this first siding ring of this first transformer, and second end of this first electric capacity is coupled to second end of this first siding ring of this first transformer.
3. freq converting circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein this leggy local oscillated signal comprises one first local oscillated signal, one second local oscillated signal, one the 3rd local oscillated signal and one the 4th local oscillated signal, this first switch unit comprises:
One first resistance, its first end is coupled to an operating voltage;
One second resistance, its first end is coupled to this operating voltage;
One the one N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of this first resistance, and the source electrode of a N transistor npn npn is coupled to first end of the second siding ring of this first transformer, and the grid of a N transistor npn npn is in order to receive this first local oscillated signal;
One the 2nd N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of this first resistance, and the source electrode of the 2nd N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of a N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 2nd N transistor npn npn is in order to receive the 3rd local oscillated signal;
One the 3rd N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of this second resistance, and the source electrode of the 3rd N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of a N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 3rd N transistor npn npn is in order to receive this second local oscillated signal;
One the 4th N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of this second resistance, and the source electrode of the 4th N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of a N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 4th N transistor npn npn is in order to receive the 4th local oscillated signal;
One the 5th N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of this first resistance, and the source electrode of the 5th N transistor npn npn is coupled to second end of the second siding ring of this first transformer, and the grid of the 5th N transistor npn npn is in order to receive the 4th local oscillated signal;
One the 6th N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of this first resistance, and the source electrode of the 6th N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 5th N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 6th N transistor npn npn is in order to receive this second local oscillated signal;
One the 7th N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of this second resistance, and the source electrode of the 7th N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 5th N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 7th N transistor npn npn is in order to receive this first local oscillated signal; And
One the 8th N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of this second resistance, and the source electrode of the 8th N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 5th N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 8th N transistor npn npn is in order to receive the 3rd local oscillated signal;
Wherein second end signal of second end signal of this first resistance and this second resistance is this first fundamental frequency signal.
4. freq converting circuit as claimed in claim 3, wherein the frequency of oscillation of this first to the 4th local oscillated signal respectively all is 0.5 times of frequency of oscillation of this radiofrequency signal, the phase-shift phase of this i local oscillated signal, little 90 degree of phase-shift phase than the i+1 local oscillated signal, wherein i is the positive integer greater than 0, and 1≤i≤3.
5. freq converting circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein this coupler more transmits one second radiofrequency signal by one second output, and this second radiofrequency signal and this first radiofrequency signal are mutually orthogonal, and this freq converting circuit also comprises:
One second trnasducing element is electrically connected to second output of this coupler, in order to amplify this second radiofrequency signal; And
One second switch unit is electrically connected to this second trnasducing element, in order to according to this leggy local oscillated signal, the output signal of this second trnasducing element is switched to this second fundamental frequency signal, and wherein this second fundamental frequency signal and this first fundamental frequency signal are mutually orthogonal.
6. freq converting circuit as claimed in claim 5, wherein this second trnasducing element comprises:
One the 3rd transformer, have a first siding ring and a second siding ring, wherein first end of this first siding ring is in order to receive this second radiofrequency signal, second end of this first siding ring is coupled to ground, and the central authorities of this second siding ring end is coupled to ground, and first end of this second siding ring and second end are electrically connected to this second switch unit; And
One the 8th electric capacity, its first end is coupled to first end of the first siding ring of the 3rd transformer, and second end of the 8th electric capacity is coupled to second end of the first siding ring of the 3rd transformer.
7. freq converting circuit as claimed in claim 6, wherein this leggy local oscillated signal comprises one first local oscillated signal, one second local oscillated signal, one the 3rd local oscillated signal and one the 4th local oscillated signal, this second switch unit comprises:
One the 4th resistance, its first end is coupled to an operating voltage;
One the 5th resistance, its first end is coupled to this operating voltage;
One the 9th N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of the 4th resistance, and the source electrode of the 9th N transistor npn npn is coupled to second end of the second siding ring of the 3rd transformer, and the grid of the 9th N transistor npn npn is in order to receive this first local oscillated signal;
The tenth a N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of the 4th resistance, and the source electrode of the tenth N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 9th N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the tenth N transistor npn npn is in order to receive the 3rd local oscillated signal;
The 11 a N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of the 5th resistance, and the source electrode of the 11 N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 9th N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 11 N transistor npn npn is in order to receive this second local oscillated signal;
The 12 a N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of the 5th resistance, and the source electrode of the 12 N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 9th N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 12 N transistor npn npn is in order to receive the 4th local oscillated signal;
The 13 a N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode is coupled to second end of the 4th resistance, the source electrode of the 13 N transistor npn npn is coupled to first end of the second siding ring of the 3rd transformer, and the grid of the 13 N transistor npn npn is in order to receive the 4th local oscillated signal;
The 14 a N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of the 4th resistance, and the source electrode of the 14 N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 13 N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 14 N transistor npn npn is in order to receive this second local oscillated signal;
The 15 a N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of the 5th resistance, and the source electrode of the 15 N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 13 N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 15 N transistor npn npn is in order to receive this first local oscillated signal; And
The 16 a N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of the 5th resistance, and the source electrode of the 16 N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 13 N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 16 N transistor npn npn is in order to receive the 3rd local oscillated signal;
Wherein second end signal of second end signal of the 4th resistance and the 5th resistance is this second fundamental frequency signal.
8. freq converting circuit as claimed in claim 7, wherein the frequency of oscillation of this first to the 4th local oscillated signal respectively all is 0.5 times of frequency of oscillation of this radiofrequency signal, the phase-shift phase of this i local oscillated signal, little 90 degree of phase-shift phase than the i+1 local oscillated signal, wherein i is the positive integer greater than 0, and 1≤i≤3.
9. freq converting circuit as claimed in claim 5, wherein this coupler comprises:
One second transformer, have a first siding ring and a second siding ring, first end of this first siding ring is in order to receiving this radiofrequency signal, and second end of this first siding ring is in order to producing this first radiofrequency signal, and first end of this second siding ring is in order to produce this second radiofrequency signal;
One second electric capacity is serially connected between second end and ground end of first siding ring of this second transformer;
One the 3rd electric capacity is serially connected in second end of the first siding ring of this second transformer, and between first end of the second siding ring of this second transformer;
One the 3rd resistance is serially connected between second end and ground end of second siding ring of this second transformer;
One the 4th electric capacity is serially connected between second end and ground end of second siding ring of this second transformer;
One the 5th electric capacity is serially connected between first end and ground end of first siding ring of this second transformer;
One the 6th electric capacity is serially connected in first end of the first siding ring of this second transformer, and between second end of the second siding ring of this second transformer; And
One the 7th electric capacity is serially connected between first end and ground end of second siding ring of this second transformer.
10. down-converter, in order to a radiofrequency signal is converted to one first fundamental frequency signal, wherein this down-converter comprises:
One signal generating circuit is in order to provide a leggy local oscillated signal; And
One freq converting circuit is coupled to this signal generating circuit, and this freq converting circuit comprises:
One coupler is in order to receive and to separate this radiofrequency signal, to transmit one first radiofrequency signal by one first output;
One first trnasducing element is electrically connected to this first output, in order to amplify this first radiofrequency signal; And
One first switch unit is electrically connected to this first trnasducing element, in order to according to this leggy local oscillated signal, and the output signal of this first trnasducing element is switched to this first fundamental frequency signal.
11. down-converter as claimed in claim 10, wherein this signal generating circuit comprises:
One local oscillator is in order to produce a local oscillated signal; And
One phase deviation device is coupled to this local oscillator, in order to this local oscillated signal is converted to the local oscillated signal of several different phase-shift phases, to export as this leggy local oscillated signal.
12. down-converter as claimed in claim 10, wherein this first trnasducing element comprises:
One first transformer, have a first siding ring and a second siding ring, wherein first end of this first siding ring is in order to receive this first radiofrequency signal, second end of this first siding ring is coupled to ground, and the central authorities of this second siding ring end is coupled to ground, and first end of this second siding ring and second end are electrically connected to this first switch unit; And
One first electric capacity, its first end is coupled to first end of this first siding ring of this first transformer, and second end of this first electric capacity is coupled to second end of this first siding ring of this first transformer.
13. down-converter as claimed in claim 12, wherein this leggy local oscillated signal comprises one first local oscillated signal, one second local oscillated signal, one the 3rd local oscillated signal and one the 4th local oscillated signal, and this first switch unit comprises:
One first resistance, its first end is coupled to an operating voltage;
One second resistance, its first end is coupled to this operating voltage;
One the one N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of this first resistance, and the source electrode of a N transistor npn npn is coupled to first end of the second siding ring of this first transformer, and the grid of a N transistor npn npn is in order to receive this first local oscillated signal;
One the 2nd N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of this first resistance, and the source electrode of the 2nd N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of a N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 2nd N transistor npn npn is in order to receive the 3rd local oscillated signal;
One the 3rd N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of this second resistance, and the source electrode of the 3rd N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of a N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 3rd N transistor npn npn is in order to receive this second local oscillated signal;
One the 4th N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of this second resistance, and the source electrode of the 4th N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of a N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 4th N transistor npn npn is in order to receive the 4th local oscillated signal;
One the 5th N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of this first resistance, and the source electrode of the 5th N transistor npn npn is coupled to second end of the second siding ring of this first transformer, and the grid of the 5th N transistor npn npn is in order to receive the 4th local oscillated signal;
One the 6th N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of this first resistance, and the source electrode of the 6th N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 5th N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 6th N transistor npn npn is in order to receive this second local oscillated signal;
One the 7th N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of this second resistance, and the source electrode of the 7th N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 5th N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 7th N transistor npn npn is in order to receive this first local oscillated signal; And
One the 8th N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of this second resistance, and the source electrode of the 8th N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 5th N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 8th N transistor npn npn is in order to receive the 3rd local oscillated signal;
Wherein second end signal of second end signal of this first resistance and this second resistance is this first fundamental frequency signal.
14. down-converter as claimed in claim 13, wherein the frequency of oscillation of this first to the 4th local oscillated signal respectively all is 0.5 times of frequency of oscillation of this radiofrequency signal, the phase-shift phase of this i local oscillated signal, little 90 degree of phase-shift phase than the i+1 local oscillated signal, wherein i is the positive integer greater than 0, and 1≤i≤3.
15. down-converter as claimed in claim 10, wherein this coupler more transmits one second radiofrequency signal by one second output, and this second radiofrequency signal and this first radiofrequency signal are mutually orthogonal, and this freq converting circuit also comprises:
One second trnasducing element is electrically connected to second output of this coupler, in order to amplify this second radiofrequency signal; And one second switch unit, be electrically connected to this second trnasducing element, in order to according to this leggy local oscillated signal, and the output signal of this second trnasducing element is switched to this second fundamental frequency signal, wherein this second fundamental frequency signal and this first fundamental frequency signal are mutually orthogonal.
16. down-converter as claimed in claim 15, wherein this second trnasducing element comprises:
One the 3rd transformer, have a first siding ring and a second siding ring, wherein first end of this first siding ring is in order to receive this second radiofrequency signal, second end of this first siding ring is coupled to ground, and the central authorities of this second siding ring end is coupled to ground, and first end of this second siding ring and second end are electrically connected to this second switch unit; And
One the 8th electric capacity, its first end is coupled to first end of the first siding ring of the 3rd transformer, and second end of the 8th electric capacity is coupled to second end of the first siding ring of the 3rd transformer.
17. down-converter as claimed in claim 16, wherein this leggy local oscillated signal comprises one first local oscillated signal, one second local oscillated signal, one the 3rd local oscillated signal and one the 4th local oscillated signal, and this second switch unit comprises:
One the 4th resistance, its first end is coupled to an operating voltage;
One the 5th resistance, its first end is coupled to this operating voltage;
One the 9th N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of the 4th resistance, and the source electrode of the 9th N transistor npn npn is coupled to second end of the second siding ring of the 3rd transformer, and the grid of the 9th N transistor npn npn is in order to receive this first local oscillated signal;
The tenth a N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of the 4th resistance, and the source electrode of the tenth N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 9th N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the tenth N transistor npn npn is in order to receive the 3rd local oscillated signal;
The 11 a N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of the 5th resistance, and the source electrode of the 11 N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 9th N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 11 N transistor npn npn is in order to receive this second local oscillated signal;
The 12 a N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of the 5th resistance, and the source electrode of the 12 N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 9th N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 12 N transistor npn npn is in order to receive the 4th local oscillated signal;
The 13 a N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode is coupled to second end of the 4th resistance, the source electrode of the 13 N transistor npn npn is coupled to first end of the second siding ring of the 3rd transformer, and the grid of the 13 N transistor npn npn is in order to receive the 4th local oscillated signal;
The 14 a N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of the 4th resistance, and the source electrode of the 14 N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 13 N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 14 N transistor npn npn is in order to receive this second local oscillated signal;
The 15 a N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of the 5th resistance, and the source electrode of the 15 N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 13 N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 15 N transistor npn npn is in order to receive this first local oscillated signal; And
The 16 a N transistor npn npn, its drain electrode are coupled to second end of the 5th resistance, and the source electrode of the 16 N transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 13 N transistor npn npn, and the grid of the 16 N transistor npn npn is in order to receive the 3rd local oscillated signal;
Wherein second end signal of second end signal of the 4th resistance and the 5th resistance is this second fundamental frequency signal.
18. down-converter as claimed in claim 17, wherein the frequency of oscillation of this first to the 4th local oscillated signal respectively all is 0.5 times of frequency of oscillation of this radiofrequency signal, the phase-shift phase of this i local oscillated signal, little 90 degree of phase-shift phase than the i+1 local oscillated signal, wherein i is the positive integer greater than 0, and 1≤i≤3.
19. down-converter as claimed in claim 15, wherein this coupler comprises:
One second transformer, have a first siding ring and a second siding ring, first end of this first siding ring is in order to receiving this radiofrequency signal, and second end of this first siding ring is in order to producing this first radiofrequency signal, and first end of this second siding ring is in order to produce this second radiofrequency signal;
One second electric capacity is serially connected between second end and ground end of first siding ring of this second transformer;
One the 3rd electric capacity is serially connected in second end of the first siding ring of this second transformer, and between first end of the second siding ring of this second transformer;
One the 3rd resistance is serially connected between second end and ground end of second siding ring of this second transformer;
One the 4th electric capacity is serially connected between second end and ground end of second siding ring of this second transformer;
One the 5th electric capacity is serially connected between first end and ground end of first siding ring of this second transformer;
One the 6th electric capacity is serially connected in first end of the first siding ring of this second transformer, and between second end of the second siding ring of this second transformer; And
One the 7th electric capacity is serially connected between first end and ground end of second siding ring of this second transformer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006101107533A CN101123417A (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2006-08-11 | Frequency conversion circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006101107533A CN101123417A (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2006-08-11 | Frequency conversion circuit |
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| CN101123417A true CN101123417A (en) | 2008-02-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006101107533A Pending CN101123417A (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2006-08-11 | Frequency conversion circuit |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102347731A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2012-02-08 | 联发科技（新加坡）私人有限公司 | Harmonic rejection of signal converting device and method thereof |
| CN102882472A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2013-01-16 | 南京航空航天大学 | Photon type frequency down-conversion device and method |
| CN104838586A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2015-08-12 | 高通股份有限公司 | Receiver IIP2 analog calibration |
-
2006
- 2006-08-11 CN CNA2006101107533A patent/CN101123417A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102347731A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2012-02-08 | 联发科技（新加坡）私人有限公司 | Harmonic rejection of signal converting device and method thereof |
| CN102347731B (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2014-12-03 | 联发科技（新加坡）私人有限公司 | Harmonic rejection of signal converting device and method thereof |
| CN102882472A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2013-01-16 | 南京航空航天大学 | Photon type frequency down-conversion device and method |
| CN102882472B (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2014-12-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Photon type frequency down-conversion device and method |
| CN104838586A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2015-08-12 | 高通股份有限公司 | Receiver IIP2 analog calibration |
| CN104838586B (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2018-05-22 | 高通股份有限公司 | Receiver IIP2 analog calibrations |
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