CN101118269A - Wire connection analyse device for electric power protective circuit - Google Patents
Wire connection analyse device for electric power protective circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN101118269A CN101118269A CNA2006101044464A CN200610104446A CN101118269A CN 101118269 A CN101118269 A CN 101118269A CN A2006101044464 A CNA2006101044464 A CN A2006101044464A CN 200610104446 A CN200610104446 A CN 200610104446A CN 101118269 A CN101118269 A CN 101118269A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a line connection analyzing device for protecting electric power transmission lines, and mainly comprises a measuring unit, a human-machine interface, and a calculation analysis unit that is connected with the measurement unit and the human-machine interface; wherein, the calculation analysis unit ultimately finds out and displays all error line-connection places and error types through information acquisition, data adjustment, vector integration and analytic judgment. The device of the present invention makes use of intelligentized analysis of computer and replaces the sophisticated manual analysis and judgement, therefore, the analysis is made more accurately and reliably and the testing efficiency gets improved significantly; thus rapidly finding out types and places of line troubles and guaranteeing the safe operation of electric power system.
Description
The invention relates to a wiring inspection device of a power protection circuit.
The analysis on the wiring correctness of the power protection circuit in the background technology, including bus differential protection analysis, transformer differential protection analysis and the like, is an important link in the operation and maintenance of a transformer substation and is directly related to the safe and reliable operation of a power system. If the hidden trouble of wiring error can not be found in time in the power production operation, the protection equipment can be mistakenly operated or refused to operate, and great life and property loss is caused to the country and people. The wiring correctness analysis work is a very complicated and complicated task, so far, no normative rule exists, and the work is basically completed by manual measurement and calculation, and the procedure is roughly as follows:
(1) Measuring current amplitude and angle
The staff first measures the current amplitude of a current transformer (abbreviated as CT) in the protection circuit and the angle of the current relative to a reference phase, namely the phase of the current, by using a traditional phase volt-ampere meter. For transformer protection analysis, data of a high-voltage side CT, a medium-voltage side CT and a low-voltage side CT are measured; for bus protection analysis, data of all circuit units CT on a bus are measured;
(2) Adjusting current amplitude
Because the CT transformation ratio of each current transformer is different, the current amplitude of the directly measured CT needs to be adjusted, and the adjustment method is as follows:
1) The protection analysis of the transformer calculates the rated current of the high, medium and low voltage sides by a formula (1),
In the formula (1), ie represents a rated current; s denotes the capacity (unit: KVA) of the transformer; u refers to rated voltage; n is a radical of hydrogen CT Refers to the CT transformation ratio.
If the balance coefficient on the minimum side of the rated current is set to be 1 (the measured current is I) e0 ) Then, the values of the balance coefficients on the other sides are calculated as: using the rated current value (I) of the side e ) Divided by the rated current value (I) on the side where the balance coefficient is 1 e /I e0 ). The method calculates the balance coefficients of the high, middle and low voltage sides, and multiplies the measured CT values of the high, middle and low voltage sides by the corresponding balance coefficients to obtain the adjusted current amplitude.
2) And (4) carrying out protection analysis on the bus, and calculating the rated current of each line unit by using a formula (1). Since the rated voltages (U) of all the line units on the bus are equal and there is no transformer, the rated voltages (U) and the capacity (S) of the transformer can be replaced with constants when calculating. Similarly, if the balance coefficient of the line unit with the minimum specified rated current is set to 1, the balance coefficients of the other line units are also obtained by dividing the rated current value of the line unit by the rated current value of the line unit with the balance coefficient of 1. The balance coefficients of all the line units are calculated by the method, and then the measured value of the CT of the line unit is multiplied by the corresponding balance coefficient, so that the adjusted current amplitude is obtained.
(3) The phase angle is converted and adjusted according to the specific connection mode
For example: when the protection analysis of the transformer is carried out, the phase angle needs to be adjusted according to the wiring mode. The connection modes of the high voltage side, the middle voltage side and the low voltage side of the transformer are generally 12 types as follows: y0, Δ 1, Y2, Δ 3, Y4, Δ 5, Y6, Δ 7, Y8, Δ 9, Y10, Δ 11, Y12. During phase adjustment, the phase angle values of the high, medium and low voltage side CT are respectively used for subtracting the angle corresponding to the actually used wiring mode to obtain the adjusted angle.
(4) Drawing vector diagram and judging result
After the current amplitude and the phase angle are adjusted, a synthetic vector diagram of the current of the power supply side and the current of the load side of each phase is drawn manually, whether the synthetic vector of the power supply side and the synthetic vector of the load side are equal in size and opposite in direction is judged (note: the synthetic vectors are within a certain error range, the error range is determined by experience), if all three-phase synthetic vectors are equal in size and opposite in direction and the phase sequence of each side is a positive sequence (namely the phase sequence of the three phases is A, B, C) and the phase angle is balanced (namely the phase angles of the three phases form an angle of 120 degrees with each other, the correct wiring is indicated by experimental judgment), and if not, the wrong wiring is indicated.
(5) Handling of wiring errors
When the wiring error is found, the worker can judge the position where some simple wiring errors occur (such as … … with a certain phase polarity reversed) by using the vector diagram and experience. However, for complex errors (such as multi-phase polarity reversal or phase-to-phase indirect error … …), the workers can not do any work and can only check the errors one by one at the working site.
The manual analysis method for the wiring correctness has the following defects:
(1) Because there is no scientific and uniform detection rule, there is randomness to a certain extent, which affects the accuracy of the detection result.
(2) The requirement on the service capability of workers is high. The worker must be able to determine whether the wiring is correct or not and to determine the specific error position, so the worker is required to master higher theoretical knowledge of the power system and have rich experience in analyzing the wiring of the protection circuit.
(3) In the analysis and judgment process, the workload of relying on manual calculation is large, the working efficiency is low, time and labor are wasted, and errors are inevitable in a complex working procedure and a large amount of manual calculation.
(4) In addition, the accuracy of analysis can also be influenced to a certain extent by the subjective quality of workers, objective environmental factors and the like.
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the existing manual analysis of the wiring correctness of the power protection circuit, the device efficiently and accurately realizes the intelligent analysis of the wiring of the power protection circuit on the basis of forming detection rules through sorting, summarizing and induction, and indicates the specific type and position of the wiring error. Mainly comprises the following components: a measuring unit consisting of a voltage measuring line and a current measuring line (or only a current measuring line) and a signal acquisition and processing circuit (the measuring unit can be replaced by a common phase measuring instrument or the like); a human-machine operation interface; the calculation and analysis unit is composed of analysis and judgment software loaded on the basis of a computer system (the computer system can be a PC, a palm computer or a single chip microcomputer system).
The analytical criteria of the present invention include the essential elements
1. And judging whether the wiring is correct or not by a computer technology of proprietary analysis and judgment software according to the following judgment conditions.
(1) The following judgment conditions are provided for the main transformer differential protection:
a. when the vector sum of the power supply end and the load end is 0 (the amplitude is equal and the angle is 180 degrees different);
b. the phase angle of the CT on each high, medium and low voltage sides is balanced (the angle between the ABC three phases is 120 degrees mutually);
c. the high, middle and low pressure sides are all positive sequence, namely the phase sequence is clockwise A, B, C.
(2) The conditions for judging the bus differential protection and the correct single bus connection are the same as those of the main transformer; the necessary conditions for the double bus bar connection to be correct are:
a. the line units on the first bus are respectively balanced (the vector sum of the power supply end and the load end is 0); the line units on the second bus are respectively balanced (the vector sum of the power supply end and the load end is 0);
b. all the line units (the first bus and the second bus) are balanced;
c. phase angles of all the line units are balanced;
d. each line unit is in positive sequence, namely the phase sequence is A, B, C clockwise.
2. Two common wiring errors of the power protection circuit are as follows:
one case is polarity reversal. The results of the measurements at this time are: the amplitude of the current is correct, but its phase angle differs by 180 ° from the correct value;
another situation is where the two phases are staggered in position relative to each other. The current value and the phase angle measured at this time are actually the current value and the phase angle of the phase line which are mutually connected in error.
Of course, it is often the case that there is a combination of one or more of the two error conditions described above.
2. The above factors are automatically analyzed and distinguished by a computer (namely, a calculation analysis unit)
For the various drawbacks of the manual wiring analysis described above, the device of the present invention employs: the computer automatically adjusts the measured data, automatically carries out vector synthesis on the measured data, automatically judges whether the wiring is correct or not, and finds out the positions and types of all wiring errors.
In a word, a computer is used for inducing and optimizing related criteria of the connection analysis to form a complete judgment model and a complete database, so that the judgment model and the database are clearer and more organized; an advanced computer algorithm is used for replacing complex and fussy manual analysis and judgment processes, so that the method is more accurate and reliable; the computer is used for replacing the manpower, so that the influence of human factors and environmental factors on the working quality is avoided; on the premise of not reducing the requirement of working quality, the comprehensive requirement on the business quality of the operators is reduced; by means of powerful functions of a computer, the statistics, analysis and summary processing of original measurement data are more convenient and accurate, the operation condition of power supply and power utilization enterprises holding equipment is facilitated, faults and fault precursors of a protection circuit can be rapidly found, the equipment can be timely maintained, and the efficiency is improved by tens of times.
The device of the invention is used for analyzing the wiring of all types of protection circuits such as relay protection, integrated circuit protection, microcomputer protection and the like.
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the main circuit configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of data analysis
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of wiring analysis
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of phase sequence for correcting current phase angle to positive sequence
FIG. 5 is a vector diagram of adjusting the phase angle balance of current
FIG. 6 is a schematic vector diagram of the high side and medium side phases adjusted based on the measured values
FIG. 7 is a vector diagram of the high and medium voltage sides after the medium voltage side is adjusted to phase angle balance
FIG. 8 is a vector diagram of the high and medium voltage sides after the medium voltage side is adjusted to positive sequence
FIG. 9 is a vector diagram of the high side and the medium side at the conclusion of vector balance for medium side correction
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of the present invention. The main structure and function of each part are as follows: firstly, voltage and current signals are introduced into a measuring unit 1 through a voltage measuring line and a current measuring line, and then a signal acquisition processing circuit acquires and processes the measured signals; the calculation and analysis unit 2 calculates the acquired and processed original data by using a proprietary analysis and judgment software to obtain the current amplitude of a certain CT and the angle of the current relative to the reference phase voltage, namely the phase angle of the current, and then performs comprehensive analysis and judgment by using the analysis and judgment functions of the software to obtain the conclusion whether the wiring is correct; and finally, displaying the analysis and judgment result on the man-machine operation interface 3.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating the whole analysis process of the calculation and analysis unit 2, and the specific working process is as follows:
the first step is as follows: the measuring unit 1 sequentially collects original data of all CTs of a protection circuit, and inputs reference voltage, CT transformation ratio, rated voltage, power angle of a reference phase, power supply mode and wiring mode 4 related to the CTs one by one through a man-machine operation interface 3 of the device;
the second step is that: the computer determines if all CTs have been measured 5. If not, returning to the first step to continue measurement; if all the data are measured, entering the next step;
the third step: the following work was performed separately:
1) After the data is measured, the calculation and analysis unit 2 can obtain the adjusted current amplitude and the phase angle of the current immediately according to the information input by the measurement unit (note: the phase angle of the adjusted current is based on the A-phase voltage of the position of the selected reference voltage, and the power factor angle of the reference phase current is zero).
2) And after the current amplitude and the phase angle are adjusted, performing preliminary analysis and judgment on the wiring correctness. For 3 CTs of the location where the reference voltage is located, the following condition must be satisfied when the wiring is correct: the angle of the phase A current is 0 degrees, the angle of the phase B current is 120 degrees, and the angle of the phase C current is 240 degrees, if the condition is not met, the wiring of the 3 CTs is wrong. For a single winding, there are 47 error cases (see table 1), and the error type of the wiring of the single winding can be obtained by comparing the actual three-phase data with the phase data of various wrong wiring cases one by one.
| Type of error | Number of such errors |
| One phase is connected reversely | 3 |
| Two-phase polarity is connected reversely | 3 |
| Three-phase reversal | 1 |
| Two phases are connected reversely | 3 |
| Three-phase |
2 |
| Two phases are connected in reverse, one phase is connected in |
6 |
| The two phases are connected in reverse, the third phase is connected in reverse polarity | 3 |
| The two phases are mutually connected in opposite directions, and the polarities of the two phases are also completely connected in opposite directions | 3 |
| The two phases are connected in opposite directions, wherein the polarities of one phase and the third phase are connected in |
6 |
| The two phases are mutually connected in reverse, and the polarities are all connected in reverse | 3 |
| Three phases are connected in opposite directions, wherein one phase is connected in |
6 |
| Three phases are connected in opposite positions, wherein two phases are connected in |
6 |
| Three phases are connected in opposite directions, and all polarities are connected in |
2 |
TABLE 1
3) After correcting the correctness of the 3 CTs of the reference phase, the device of the invention judges whether the current phase angles of the 3 CTs of the high, middle and low voltage sides (for transformer protection analysis) or each line unit (for bus protection) are positive sequences one by one, if not, the amplitudes and angles of the B-phase CT and the C-phase CT are exchanged, the 3 CTs are positive sequences after the exchange, the phase sequence correction diagram is shown in figure 4, the left figure is the state that the current phase angle is not a positive sequence and is changed into the current phase angle positive sequence of the right figure after adjustment.
4) The phase angle balance correction is then performed: firstly, judging whether current phase angles of 3 CTs on a high side, a medium side and a low side (for transformer protection analysis) or each line unit (for bus protection) are balanced or not (see judgment conditions), if the phase angles are unbalanced according to the condition of wiring error, a vector diagram is similar to the shape shown in fig. 4, wherein included angles between one phase and other two phases are 60 degrees, the phase angle of the phase is added by 180 degrees, the adjusted vector diagram is shown in fig. 5, the left diagram is a vector diagram of the phase angle imbalance, and the left diagram is the adjusted vector diagram.
5. After the phase angle balance is judged and corrected, the specific position of the wiring error is searched for and analyzed and judged 6 according to the corrected result, and the specific process is shown in fig. 3.
Fig. 3 shows a process of analyzing and judging 6 whether the wiring is correct or not. Firstly, vector synthesis 8 is respectively carried out on the measured values of 3 phases of all power side windings 5 (the transformer refers to 3 CTs on one side of a high voltage side, a middle voltage side and a low voltage side, and the bus refers to 3 CTs of a certain circuit unit) and the measured values of 3 phases of all load side windings, whether the magnitude of the power side vector synthesis and the load side vector synthesis of each phase are equal and the force direction is opposite is respectively judged, if the magnitude of the power side vector synthesis and the load side vector synthesis of each phase are equal and the force direction of the load side vector synthesis of each phase is opposite 9, a judgment result 11 can be output, otherwise, the phase angle of the windings is corrected 10, and vector synthesis and correctness judgment are continuously carried out after correction until a conclusion is obtained. The correction method is to add 60 ° to the phase angle of the winding, and to correct only one phase angle at a time (i.e., add 60 °) in order from the power source side to the load side, and to correct each winding 6 times in total.
6. After the judgment, an analysis result can be obtained, and the output of the analysis result can be shown in table 2:
| A | B | C | -A | -B | -C | |
| A’ | correct wiring | Phase A and phase B Connected reversely | Phase A and phase C Reverse connection | Polarity of A phase Reverse connection | Phase A and phase B Is reversely connected and when Front B phase pole Sex reversal | Phase A and phase C Is reversely connected and when Front C phase pole Sex reversal |
| B’ | Phase A and phase B Reverse connection | Correct wiring | Phase B and phase C Connected reversely | Phase A and phase B Is reversely connected and when Front A phase pole Sex reversal | Polarity of phase B Reverse connection | Phase B and phase C Is reversely connected and when Front C phase electrode Sex reversal |
| C’ | Phase A and phase C Connected reversely | Phase B and phase C Reverse connection | Correct wiring | Phase A and phase C Is reversely connected and when Front A phase pole Sex reversal | Phase B and phase C Is reversely connected and when Front B phase pole Sex reversal | Polarity of C phase Reverse connection |
TABLE 2
The corrected values of the windings are successively compared with the measured adjustment values according to the column entries of table 2, and a conclusion can be drawn as to whether the wiring is correct or not.
Here, a, B, and C represent original values (adjustment values after measurement), and a ', B ', and C ' represent corrected values. -A represents A plus 180 degrees, -B, -C are the same.
The fourth step: finally, outputting a result 7 on a human-computer operation interface 3 of the device, and displaying the analysis and judgment result;
the working process of the device is finished.
The following describes the specific procedures of the calculation and analysis unit of the present invention for performing the above steps, analysis and determination by taking the analysis of the wiring of a certain transformer protection circuit as an example. The reference voltage is the a-phase voltage on the high-voltage side, and the data obtained by measurement is also input 4 to the apparatus, such as the reference voltage, the power supply method, the rated voltage, and the CT transformation ratio. The measured data are shown in Table 3
Reference voltage: high pressure side U A Angle 0 °; the connection mode is Y/delta-11.
| Name (R) | Phase A | Phase B | Phase C | Supplying power (Mode) | Rated value Voltage of | CT Transformation ratio |
| High pressure side | 1.03∠7° | 0.97∠117.6° | 1.12∠241.7° | Power supply | 220KV | 800/1 |
| Medium pressure side | 1.85∠93.4° | 1.62∠151.7° | 1.69∠209.2° | Load(s) | 35KV | 1200/1 |
TABLE 3
After all data has been measured 5, an analytical decision 6 can be made. Firstly, adjusting a measured value, setting a balance coefficient of a medium-voltage side to be 1, calculating a balance coefficient of a high-voltage side to be 1.676, and multiplying a three-phase current value of the high-voltage side by the balance coefficient; the phases are adjusted according to the wiring pattern by subtracting 30 ° from each other on the medium voltage side 3. The adjusted data are shown in Table 4.
| Name(s) | Phase A | Phase B | Phase C | Power supply (Mode) | Rated value Voltage of | CT Transformation ratio |
| High pressure | 1.726∠7° | 1.626∠117.6° | 1.877∠241.7° | Power supply | 220KV | 800/1 |
| Side wall | ||||||
| Medium pressure Side wall | 1.85∠63.4° | 1.62∠121.7° | 1.69∠179.2° | Load(s) | 35KV | 1200/1 |
The vector diagram is shown in FIG. 6: the left diagram is a schematic vector diagram on the high-voltage side adjusted on the basis of the measured values, and the right diagram is a schematic vector diagram on the medium-voltage side adjusted on the basis of the measured values.
And then judging whether the winding wiring where the reference phase voltage is positioned is correct or not. The reference winding is on the high side and the result is correct within the error range and therefore is not corrected.
Next, it is judged whether the 3 phases of all the windings are all phase angle balanced. If the phase angle on the medium-voltage side is judged to be unbalanced, the phase angle balance is adjusted, the medium-voltage side is corrected, and a schematic vector diagram after correction is shown in FIG. 7: the left diagram is a schematic vector diagram of phase angle balance, and the right diagram is a schematic vector diagram of the corrected medium voltage side.
Next it is determined whether all windings are in positive sequence. And if the medium voltage side is judged to be not in the positive sequence, exchanging the current amplitude and the phase angle of the BC phase. The corrected schematic is shown in fig. 8: the left diagram is a schematic vector diagram of the high-voltage side of the phase angle balance (the phase sequence is positive sequence), and the right diagram is a schematic vector diagram of the middle-voltage side after correction.
Vector synthesis 8 is performed on the power source side and the load side of each phase, respectively. Because the power side and the load side only have one winding, the synthesized value is the same as the original value, the vector synthesis of the power side and the load side does not meet the conditions of equal magnitude and opposite direction 9, after 60 degrees is added to each current phase angle of the winding at the medium voltage side, the vector synthesis and balance judgment 10 is continuously carried out, and after the repeated cycle judgment, the conclusion of the vector synthesis balance is obtained, at this time, the current phase angle of each phase of the winding at the medium voltage side is corrected to be in the shape shown in figure 9: the left diagram is a schematic vector diagram on the high-voltage side with correct wiring, and the right diagram is a schematic vector diagram on the medium-voltage side after correction.
Comparing fig. 6 and fig. 9, using table 1, the following conclusions can be drawn, and the judgment result 7 is output:
high-pressure side: correct A-phase connection, correct B-phase connection, correct C-phase connection
Medium-pressure side: the phase A and the phase C are connected in a staggered manner, the phase B is connected with the opposite polarity, and the phase C and the phase A are connected in a staggered manner
Claims (1)
1. A wiring analysis device for a power protection circuit, comprising: the measuring unit (1) comprises a voltage measuring line and a current measuring line or only comprises a current measuring line and a signal acquisition processing circuit; a human-machine interface (3); a calculation and analysis unit (2) connected with the two parts, the calculation and analysis unit is formed by loading special analysis and judgment software on the basis of a computer system, and the device executes the following steps of acquisition, analysis and judgment and display:
1) Firstly, voltage and current signals are led into a measuring unit (1) through a voltage measuring line and a current measuring line, and then a signal acquisition processing circuit acquires and processes the measured signals;
2) The calculation and analysis unit (2) automatically adjusts the current amplitude and the phase angle of the measured data by using formula operation;
3) Automatically carrying out vector synthesis on the measured data by a calculation analysis unit (2);
4) Correcting the measured data into a correct value by the calculation and analysis unit (2), and obtaining the position and the type of the winding wiring error through the comparison of the corrected value and the original measured value;
5) And finally, displaying the analysis and judgment result on the man-machine operation interface (3).
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| CN101118269B CN101118269B (en) | 2011-04-20 |
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