CN101109674A - Moon soil sampling device - Google Patents
Moon soil sampling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101109674A CN101109674A CNA2007101211118A CN200710121111A CN101109674A CN 101109674 A CN101109674 A CN 101109674A CN A2007101211118 A CNA2007101211118 A CN A2007101211118A CN 200710121111 A CN200710121111 A CN 200710121111A CN 101109674 A CN101109674 A CN 101109674A
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Abstract
The invention provides a moon soil sampler, pertains to the field for detecting spatial resources, which comprises a casing, a power part in the casing, and a rod-changing section. The power part comprises a lifting motor, a drive gear, a ball screw, a screw nut, a connection disc, a rotation motor, a joint and a guideway that are sequentially connected. The rod-changing section comprises a gear box, a rotary shaft connected with the gear box, a 2-jaw clamp on the rotary shaft, an end gear ring positioner and a 1-jaw clamp that are arranged at the end of the rotary shaft and are connected with each other. On the 2-jaw clamp, a hollow drill rod with outer thread is provided. The invention is compact, light, with low energy consumption, can automatically sample in deep layer, can take all soil sample from the moon surface to the sampled depth, and can keep the sample basically as it is, and allows easy recovery.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the space resources field of detecting, particularly a kind of moon soil sampling device that is used for the moon exploration aspect.
Background technology
The moon is the unique natural satellite of the earth, be the celestial body nearest apart from the earth, being the highest extraterrestrial celestial body of human detection and research degree, moving towards the preferred object of deep space so the moon is the mankind, also is human detection space and preceding post and the terminal that develops space resources.Along with the continuous maturation of main space technology such as increasing, manned space flight day by day of space application demand and the needs of space military activity, the moon has become the primary goal of various countries' 21 century survey of deep space.At present, the U.S., Japan, European Space Agency, Russia, also have countries such as India and China all to formulate the lunar exploration plan with organizing, and ferment inline the building jointly of nearly 20-30 and stand permanent lunar base, the resource of the development and utilization moon, the energy and particular surroundings are the sustainable development service of human society.
At present, China is carrying out the moon exploration project of code name for " Chang'e's project ".This project be divided into " around ", " falling " and " returning " three phases." around " be exactly first moon probing satellite of development and emission China, the moon is carried out global, globality and comprehensive detection, with the three-dimensional image that obtains the moon etc.; " falling " is exactly to launch the soft lunar landing device, realizes soft lunar landing and lunar rover tour prospecting, on the spot the moon is surveyed, and is carried out month basic astronomical sight etc.; " returning " is exactly moonshot soft landing device not only, and launches small-sized sampling return capsule, gathers key moon sample Returning ball.Wherein " fall " and " returning " two stages all need special moon soil sampling device to finish corresponding detection and sampling task.Because the moon has characteristics such as high vacuum, low gravity, intense radiation and day and night temperature are big, this has higher requirement to moon soil sampling device.
Domestic and international moon soil sampling device present Research:
The at present domestic pertinent literature that does not still have the moon soil sampling device development, the document about sampling thief that can find is all used on earth.The sampling thief that is applied to earth soil all is to sample by the mode that manual compression or high-power electric hammer press down, this kind sampling thief has that volume is big, the characteristics of Heavy Weight, and its bar action of changing is all finished by artificial assistance, can not realize therefore can not being used for the sampling of lunar soil from moving bar.
Had successful lunar soil sampling experience abroad, on human history, fetched lunar soil sample for the first time as the Apollo11 of the U.S., but it was by artificial sample; The Luna16 of the Soviet Union has realized automatic sampling lunar soil for the first time, but its correlated sampling principle never disclosed to the external world as secret; The SurveyorIII of the U.S. lunar soil of can sampling equally, but it can only drive the lunar soil that a spade sampling pawl takes top layer by a mechanical arm, so sampling depth is very limited.In addition, some external scholars have also proposed various sampling thief schemes, but there is design defect equally in they.As the U.S. JetPropulsion laboratory USDC sampling thief has been proposed, it is to sample by hawser suspention sampling thief, this sampling thief is comparatively small and exquisite, but its sample direction has uncertainty, be subject to the sampling media influence, and, need add weight in order to guarantee that sampling thief enters lunar soil, therefore increase extra heavy burden, be inconvenient to be carried to space; Though a kind of moderate depth sampling thief of Maryland, USA can be gathered dark sample, its volume, weight and energy consumption are all very big, can not be applied to moon sampling; Also has a kind of carpenter bee fallopian tubal formula sampling thief, it is by the next broken soil of the changing of the relative positions up and down of the stepped bar of two halves, and it is transported on the ground, its lighter weight, power consumption are lacked, but institute's sample thief is mixed in together, can not keep intact, so the sample that it is gathered does not have too big value to follow-up analysis; Also have a kind of spiral to lead the sample sampling thief in addition, it is to come collected specimens by solid wide spiral drill pipe, bore down by drilling rod, sample can enter in the space between the spiral, and, extracting drilling rod at last along moving on the spiral, sample can be gone out ground by the drilling rod hurricane band, the shortcoming of this scheme is to be prone to the bit freezing phenomenon, and sample inconvenience is collected; Also have laser probing sampling imagination in addition, though prospect is better, technology is still immature at present.And such scheme has a common shortcoming, promptly all is the single pole sampling, so sampling depth has significant limitation.Therefore need provide that a kind of volume is little, in light weight, energy consumption is little, the moon soil sampling device that deep layer is sampled and sample is kept intact substantially and is convenient to reclaim automatically simultaneously, this aim just of the present invention place.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is defective, provide that a kind of volume is little, in light weight, energy consumption is little, simultaneously the moon soil sampling device that deep layer is sampled and sample is kept intact substantially and is convenient to reclaim automatically at above-mentioned prior art.
The technical scheme taked of the present invention is to achieve these goals: a kind of moon soil sampling device, comprise shell, and described enclosure is provided with power section and changes the bar part; Power section comprises lifting motor, transmission gear, ball-screw, feed screw nut that connects in turn and the terminal pad that is connected with feed screw nut, terminal pad inside is provided with terminal pad transmission gear, its outside and is provided with on the electric rotating machine that links to each other with the terminal pad transmission gear and joint, the terminal pad and is penetrated with the guide rail that parallels with ball-screw, and the upper end of described joint is provided with pyramid, the lower end is provided with projection; Change bar and partly comprise gear case, coupled rotating shaft, be located at two pawl jigs in the rotating shaft, be located at rotating shaft terminal and interconnected contrate gear steady arm and monodactyle jig, two pawl jigs are provided with the drilling rod of open-core type in the external spiral, described joint adopts the convex-concave buckle-type to be connected with drilling rod, also adopt the convex-concave buckle-type to connect between the corresponding drilling rod, the described pair of pawl jig is that four, corresponding drilling rod also are that four and one of them drilling rod are provided with drill bit.
Described transmission gear, terminal pad transmission gear and gear case all adopt the spur-gear wheel transmission.
For convenience to the card of grabbing of drilling rod, the described pair of pawl jig and monodactyle jig all adopt electromagnet and spring to unite driving.
For the lunar soil that prevents to collect in the drilling rod comes off, inside, described drilling rod lower end is provided with anti-dropping device, and described anti-dropping device is a hemispherical shell, which is provided with to connect seam.
In order to prevent that drilling rod from running into the rock overload and damaging, the projection top of described joint is provided with torque sensor.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: compared to existing technology, the present invention includes power section and change the bar part, wherein power section is adopted by lifting motor, electric rotating machine provides power, and the structure by gear and ball-screw transmission, changing bar has partly adopted two pawl jigs of uniting driving by electromagnet and spring to grab open-core type drilling rod in the card external spiral, and adopt the structure of four drilling rod butt joints, therefore it is little to have volume, in light weight, energy consumption is little, and can realize the advantage that automatic deep layer is sampled, shank is provided with torque sensor, has the advantage that prevents that the drilling rod overload from damaging; Therefore be provided with anti-dropping device in the drilling rod in addition, can collect from ground, and the sample that collects is kept intact substantially and have the advantage of being convenient to reclaim to whole pedotheques of the adopting degree of depth.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an one-piece construction stereographic map of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the stereographic map of power section of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the stereographic map that changes the bar part of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the stereographic map of of the present invention pair of pawl jig;
Fig. 5 is the stereographic map of contrate gear steady arm of the present invention and monodactyle jig;
Fig. 6 is the stereographic map of anti-dropping device of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the stereographic map of joint of the present invention and electric rotating machine drive connection;
Fig. 8 is a duty stereographic map when boring under first drilling rod of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the present invention's duty stereographic map when changing bar for the first time;
Figure 10 is that first and second drilling rod of the present invention docks duty stereographic map when boring down;
Figure 11 is that four drilling rods of the present invention dock duty stereographic map when boring down;
Duty stereographic map when Figure 12 is the 4th drilling rod recovery of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1 lifting motor, 2 ball-screws, 3 feed screw nuts, 4 terminal pads, 5 guide rails, 6 electric rotating machines, 7 joints, 7.1 pyramids, 7.2 projections, 8 torque sensors, 9 gear casees, 10 rotating shafts, 11 drilling rods, 11.1 first drilling rods, 11.2 second drilling rods, 11.3 the 3rd drilling rods, 11.4 the 4th drilling rods, 12 pairs of pawl jigs, 13 drill bits, 14 monodactyle jigs, 15 contrate gear steady arms, 16 transmission gears, 17 anti-dropping devices, 17.1 connect seam, 18 terminal pad transmission gears.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, but not as a limitation of the invention.
A kind of moon soil sampling device as Figure 1-3 comprises by lunar rover and carries or directly be placed in the shell on the moon landing device and be located at the power section in the shell and change the bar part.Wherein the power of moon soil sampling device is from the solar cell of lunar rover or lander.
Power section of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, power section comprise in turn lifting motor 1, transmission gear 16, ball-screw 2, the feed screw nut 3 that connects and be arranged at feed screw nut 3 belows and with its 3 terminal pad that is connected 4.The effect of described lifting motor 1 provides power, drives transmission gear 16 and ball-screw 2 rotations, makes feed screw nut 3 and terminal pad 4 realize the elevating movement of above-below directions.As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, terminal pad 4 shown in Figure 7, electric rotating machine 6 that its inside is provided with terminal pad transmission gear 18, the outside is provided with links to each other with terminal pad transmission gear 18 and joint 7, be penetrated with the guide rail 5 that parallels with ball-screw 2 on the described terminal pad 4, the upper end of described joint 7 is provided with pyramid 7.1, the lower end is provided with projection 7.2.Electric rotating machine 6 rotates and then drives terminal pad 4 rotations by driving terminal pad transmission gear 18.
The bar part of changing of the present invention as shown in Figure 3, change bar partly comprise gear case 9, coupled rotating shaft 10,, be located at two pawl jigs 12 in the rotating shaft 10, be located at rotating shaft 10 terminal and interconnected contrate gear steady arm 15 and monodactyle jigs 14.Described pair of pawl jig 12 is provided with drilling rod 11.As shown in Figure 1, between gear case 9 and drilling rod 11, it moves upward and can combine with gear case 9 by the pyramid 7.1 of joint 7 described joint 7 all the time, and then drives rotating shaft 10 rotations by terminal pad transmission gear 18, realizes changing the bar motion; It moves downward then and can be connected with the convex-concave buckle-type of drilling rod 11 by joint 7, drives drilling rod 11 rotation and liftings, realizes the probing motion.Rotating shaft 10 each half-twists when contrate gear locating device 15 can guarantee to change bar; Monodactyle jig 14 can assist to finish taking apart and docking between each drilling rod when promoting drilling rod 11.For the ease of boring down and smooth collected specimens, described drilling rod 11 is an open-core type drilling rod in the external spiral.In order to realize the deep layer sampling more than the 1.5m, and satisfy volume little, in light weight, the portable design object of lunar rover simultaneously to the belongings requirement, described drilling rod 11 is four, the optimal design length of each drilling rod 11 is 400mm, and one of them drilling rod 11 is provided with drill bit 13, and corresponding described pair of pawl jig 12 also is four.In order to reduce the friction force in the drilling process, the slightly larger in diameter of described drill bit 13 is in the diameter of described drilling rod 11.For the ease of the butt joint between the drilling rod 11, described joint 7 adopts the convex-concave buckle-type to be connected with drilling rod 11, also adopts the convex-concave buckle-type to connect between the corresponding drilling rod 11.For convenience to the card of grabbing of drilling rod 11, designed as Fig. 4, two pawl jigs 12 and monodactyle jig 14 shown in Figure 5, the described pair of pawl jig 12 and monodactyle jig 14 all adopt electromagnet and spring to unite driving.In order to save axial space, described lifting motor 1 all adopts a pair of spur gear to be converted into the mode of parallel shafts output with the output terminal of electric rotating machine 6, and corresponding transmission gear 16, terminal pad transmission gear 18 and gear case 9 all adopt the spur-gear wheel transmission.
For the lunar soil that prevents to collect in the drilling rod comes off, inside, described drilling rod 11 lower end is provided with anti-dropping device 17, as shown in Figure 6, described anti-dropping device 17 is a hemispherical shell, which is provided with and connect seam 17.1, therefore sample can back down housing and enter drilling rod 11, can collect from ground to whole pedotheques of the adopting degree of depth, and the sample that collects is kept intact substantially and has the advantage of being convenient to reclaim.
In order to prevent that drilling rod from running into the rock overload and damaging, as shown in Figure 7, projection 7.2 tops of described joint 7 are provided with torque sensor 8.
Principle of work of the present invention: during initial placement, as shown in Figure 1, with in first drilling rod 11.1, joint 7 and the gear case 9 of band drill bit 13 away from the gear arranged concentric of rotating shaft 10, four drilling rods are fixing by four two pawl jigs 12 respectively.
First drilling rod bores for 11.1 times as shown in Figure 8, and moon sampling thief receives that trigger pip starts working, the top that joint 7 descends and inserts first drilling rod 11.1, and joint 7 is just changeing the engagement of 30 ° of realizations and first drilling rod 11.1 then.Grab two pawl jigs 12 of first drilling rod 11.1 of card afterwards and decontrol first drilling rod 11.1 under the driving of electromagnet and spring, joint 7 drives first drilling rod 11.1 and is rotated down the brill motion up to the position of setting, thereby finishes the following brill of first drilling rod 11.1.
Change bar action the first time as shown in Figure 9, move in 30 ° of joint 7 counter-rotatings then and first drilling rod 11.1 thrown off, move height on it pyramid 7.1 of joint 7 is combined with gear case 9 just.Joint 7 drives rotating shafts 10 half-twists by gear case 9, makes second drilling rod 11.2 rotate to the original position of first drilling rod 11.1, changes the bar action for the first time thereby finish.
First and second root drilling rod butt joint is as shown in figure 10 bored with following, joint 7 moves down out-of-gear case 9 and meshes with second drilling rod 11.2 that newly turns over, two pawl jigs 12 unclamp second drilling rod 11.2, second drilling rod 11.2 of joint 7 drives moves down and meshes with first drilling rod 11.1, joint 7 drives first and second root drilling rod 11.1,11.2 simultaneously and finishes down the brill motion jointly, has so just realized that the butt joint of first and second root drilling rod 11.1,11.2 is bored with following.
The butt joint of four drilling rods is bored with following as shown in figure 11, and in like manner third and fourth root drilling rod 11.3,11.4 moves in the same way, bores going down process end so far until the whole butt joints of four drilling rods and successfully.In the cavity of lunar soil sample 11 this moment through entering drilling rod, because anti-drop device is equipped with in the drilling rod bottom, so sample can not deviate from.
The recovery of the 4th drilling rod 11.4 as shown in figure 12, joint 7 at first drives the some circles of all drilling rod original position reverse rotations, so that all convex-concave junctions all become reverse engagement, joint 7 counter-rotatings promote all drilling rods 11 to setting height then, two pawl jigs 12 are caught the 4th drilling rod 11.4, joint 7 is just changeing 60 ° makes itself and the 4th drilling rod 11.4 become positive engagement, two pawl jigs 12 unclamp the 4th drilling rod 11.4, monodactyle jig 14 is caught the top of the 3rd drilling rod 11.3, joint 7 drives the 4th drilling rod 11.4 just to be changeed 30 ° and is moving on then, thereby with the 4th drilling rod 11.4 and 11.3 disengagements of the 3rd drilling rod.On when moving on to the initial placement height of each drilling rod, two pawl jigs 12 are caught the 4th drilling rod 11.4, joint 7 is thrown off the 4th drilling rods 11.4 and is also driven rotating shaft 10 half-twists, thereby finishes the recovery operation of the 4th drilling rod 11.4.In like manner joint 7 comes back to sampling thief bottom and is connected with the 3rd drilling rod 11.3, and finishes the recovery to its excess-three root drilling rod successively.Recovery finishes, and whole sampling thief will return to initial state as shown in Figure 1, thereby finishes a sampling circulation.
Therefore the present invention has the advantage that volume is little, in light weight, energy consumption is little, can realize automatic deep layer sampling, and shank is provided with torque sensor, has the advantage that prevents that the drilling rod overload from damaging; Therefore be provided with anti-dropping device in the drilling rod in addition, can collect from ground, and the sample that collects is kept intact substantially and have the advantage of being convenient to reclaim to whole pedotheques of the adopting degree of depth.
Above-described embodiment, the present invention embodiment a kind of more preferably just, the common variation that those skilled in the art carries out in the technical solution of the present invention scope and replacing all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a moon soil sampling device comprises shell, it is characterized in that: described enclosure is provided with power section and changes the bar part;
Power section comprises lifting motor, transmission gear, ball-screw, feed screw nut that connects in turn and the terminal pad that is connected with feed screw nut, terminal pad inside is provided with terminal pad transmission gear, its outside and is provided with on the electric rotating machine that links to each other with the terminal pad transmission gear and joint, the terminal pad and is penetrated with the guide rail that parallels with ball-screw, and the upper end of described joint is provided with pyramid, the lower end is provided with projection;
Change bar and partly comprise gear case, coupled rotating shaft, be located at two pawl jigs in the rotating shaft, be located at rotating shaft terminal and interconnected contrate gear steady arm and monodactyle jig, two pawl jigs are provided with the drilling rod of open-core type in the external spiral, described joint adopts the convex-concave buckle-type to be connected with drilling rod, also adopt the convex-concave buckle-type to connect between the corresponding drilling rod, the described pair of pawl jig is that four, corresponding drilling rod also are that four and one of them drilling rod are provided with drill bit.
2. moon soil sampling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described transmission gear, terminal pad transmission gear and gear case all adopt the spur-gear wheel transmission.
3. moon soil sampling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described pair of pawl jig and monodactyle jig all adopt electromagnet and spring to unite driving.
4. moon soil sampling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: inside, described drilling rod lower end is provided with anti-dropping device, and described anti-dropping device is a hemispherical shell, which is provided with to connect seam.
5. according to the arbitrary described moon soil sampling device of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: the projection top of described joint is provided with torque sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710121111A CN100582729C (en) | 2007-08-30 | 2007-08-30 | Moon soil sampling device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710121111A CN100582729C (en) | 2007-08-30 | 2007-08-30 | Moon soil sampling device |
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| CN101109674A true CN101109674A (en) | 2008-01-23 |
| CN100582729C CN100582729C (en) | 2010-01-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN200710121111A Expired - Fee Related CN100582729C (en) | 2007-08-30 | 2007-08-30 | Moon soil sampling device |
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