CN101109046A - Alloying method for restraining hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy silicon gross segregation - Google Patents
Alloying method for restraining hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy silicon gross segregation Download PDFInfo
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- CN101109046A CN101109046A CNA2007100124860A CN200710012486A CN101109046A CN 101109046 A CN101109046 A CN 101109046A CN A2007100124860 A CNA2007100124860 A CN A2007100124860A CN 200710012486 A CN200710012486 A CN 200710012486A CN 101109046 A CN101109046 A CN 101109046A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an alloying method for inhibiting hypereutectuc aluminum silicon alloy silicon macrosegregation. The invention is to add Cr element into the hypereutectuc aluminum silicon alloy melt with addition amount is 0.8 per cent to 1.5 per cent of the total melt weight. The melt temperature for adding the Cr element is between 750 DEG C. to 770 DEG C.. The Cr element is added into the melt as a Cr agent or an Al-Cr master alloy. The invention features simple method, convenient operation, easy mastering and obvious effect; compared with the rapid solidification technology, the alloying method is lower in cost and is suitable for the industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Metal Melting technical field, particularly relate to a kind of alloyage process that suppresses hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy silicon gross segregation.
Background technology
The hypereutectic Al-Si alloy has good wear resistance, thermotolerance, and hot cracking tendency is little, and the volume stability height is a preferred material of making wear parts such as piston of automobile, cylinder body.But in siliceous higher hypereutectic Al-Si alloy, often the poly-partially phenomenon of primary silicon particle is more serious, causes the inhomogeneous of material property, has a strong impact on its use properties.In general, has tiny, dispersion and the alloy of shape circle passivation primary crystal Si has reasonable cutting ability.Therefore, the hypereutectic Al-Si alloy of preparation primary silicon even particle distribution is the important measures that improve its performance, enlarge its range of application.
In order to suppress the macrosegregation of silicon in the hypereutectic Al-Si alloy graining tissue, people have adopted the whole bag of tricks, as clotting technology, mechanical stirring, induction stirring and strong magnetic treatment.Adopt the clotting technology because the setting rate of melt is quite fast, speed of cooling usually 104 ℃/more than the S, thereby can obtain traditional casting or ingot casting few segregation that can not obtain or the uniform microtexture of segregation-free.Rapid solidification method, though effect is pretty good, cost is too high.And other method, effect is not ideal enough maybe can't to realize industrial applications.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art part, the invention provides a kind of alloyage process that suppresses hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy silicon gross segregation.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems be hypereutectic in routine be in the aluminum silicon alloy, the Cr element more than 0.8% that adds the melt gross weight, to improve hypereutectic is because of primary silicon particle and the caused gravity segregation of fusant density difference in the aluminum silicon alloy melt solidifying process, thereby obtain the uniform microtexture of few segregation or segregation-free, reach and improve the purpose that element silicon is evenly distributed.
The inventive method comprises following processing step:
1, according to ordinary method melting transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy;
2, when melt temperature is 750 ℃-770 ℃, in melt, add the Cr element of the 0.8%-1.5% of melt gross weight, the Cr element adds in the melt with the Cr agent or with Al-Cr master alloy form;
3, behind the interpolation alloying element, make melt temperature remain on 740 ℃-770 ℃, in melt, charge into hexachloroethane or argon gas, the alloy liquation is carried out degassing processing;
4, casting.
The macrosegregation of the silicon that exists in the transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy solidified structure belongs to gravity segregation.It is because leading precipitated phase---the proportion of primary silicon phase causes greater than the proportion of melt.Add a spot of Cr element in aluminum silicon alloy, can change the process of setting of alloy melt, in process of setting, primary silicon no longer has been leading precipitated phase, and leading precipitated phase has become Al
13Cr
4Si
4Phase.In process of setting, because Al
13Cr
4Si
4The leading of phase separated out, and makes around it that the content of Si constituent element reduces in melt, causes the temperature of separating out of primary silicon phase to descend, this will reduce primary silicon particulate density, make the density of itself and melt close, thereby improved the macrosegregation of primary silicon particulate, suppressed the macrosegregation of Si element.
Advantage of the present invention can be improved the poly-partially phenomenon of primary silicon particulate macroscopic view in the hypereutectic Al-Si alloy graining tissue for the Cr element, increase along with the Cr constituent content, its effect is also more and more significant, and the macrosegregation of Si element can be eliminated substantially when the Cr constituent content reaches 0.8wt%-1.5wt%.
In Fig. 2, upward in two zones about 3.2cm and more than the 4.4cm, many black particles are distributing in the canescence substrate from the ingot casting bottom; And between the zone of 3.2cm to 4.4cm, then be rendered as canescence, essentially no black particle thing.By metallographicobservation as can be known, the zone of many black particles that distributing in ingot casting bottom and the top canescence substrate is the zone that the primary silicon particle is separated out in a large number, separates out seldom zone and canescence is regional in the middle of the ingot casting for the primary silicon particle.Fig. 3 is after the image analysis software quantitative analysis, the statistics of resulting primary silicon particle proportion in solidified structure.As seen from Figure 3, in the solidified structure of the Al-20%Si alloy that does not add the Cr element, the distribution longitudinally of primary silicon particle is very inhomogeneous, and the segregation phenomena of element silicon is very obvious.
In Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the macrostructure of Al-20%Si alloy is along with significant variation has taken place in the increase of Cr addition.When the add-on of Cr element was 0.2wt%, poor Si took out of present between the 15mm-27mm of ingot casting bottom, within the scope of wide 12mm; When the add-on of Cr element was 0.4wt%, poor Si band moved up and narrows down, and appeared at apart between the 18mm-25mm of ingot casting bottom, within the scope of wide 7mm-8mm; When the add-on of Cr was 0.6wt%, poor Si band continued to move up and narrow down, and appeared at apart between the 25mm-30mm of ingot casting bottom, within the scope of wide 5mm; When the addition of Cr element reaches 0.8wt%, this disappearance of poor Si tape base in the ingot casting.
The present invention also has following positively effect:
(1) method is simple, and is easy and simple to handle, is easy to grasp, and effect is obvious;
(2) compare with the fast technology of coagulating, the alloyage process cost is low;
(3) alloyage process is easy to suitability for industrialized production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the casting device synoptic diagram
Among the figure: 1 screw rod, 2 melts, 3 pressing plates, 4 lagging materials, 5 pressing plates, 6 copper coins, 7 water coolants, 8 resistance wires
Fig. 2 is the macrograph that does not add the Al-20%Si alloy of Cr element
Fig. 3 is the distributed data figure of primary silicon particle in solidified structure that does not add the Cr element
Fig. 4 is the Al-20%Si alloy macrograph that adds the Cr element
Among the figure: a: the Cr element b that adds 0.2wt%: the Cr element c that adds 0.4wt%: the Cr element d that adds 0.6wt%: the Cr element that adds 0.8wt%
Fig. 5 is the data plot of Cr constituent content to primary silicon size distribution influence in the Al-20%Si alloy cast ingot
Embodiment
Adopt Al-20wt%Si alloy (adding the Cr element)
In the Al-20wt%Si alloy, add 0.8% Cr element of melt gross weight respectively, investigate the distribution situation of primary silicon particle in solidified structure.Step is as follows:
1, the Al-20wt%Si alloy is in the fusing of kryptol stone internal heating, and temperature of fusion is 900 ℃, insulation 10min;
2, when melt temperature is 750-770 ℃, in melt, add the Cr element;
3, after adding alloying element, when melt temperature is 750 ℃ of left and right sides, the alloy liquation is carried out degassing processing with hexachloroethane or argon gas;
4, casting.
In order to guarantee that the result is not subjected to the influence of other factors, casting adopts the directional freeze mode to carry out, and its schematic representation of apparatus as shown in Figure 1.The crucible of melt crystallization is made up of with the copper coin of thick 4mm the insulated tank of wall thickness 30mm, φ 100 * 70mm, compresses with pressing plate.The resistance wire that twines power and be 3Kw outside insulated tank is in order to heating crucible, at copper coin arranged beneath water-cooled tube, makes that water coolant can directly water on copper coin in the process of setting.
By Fig. 4, Fig. 5 as seen, the macrostructure of Al-20%Si alloy is along with significant variation has taken place in the increase of Cr addition.When the add-on of Cr element was 0.2wt%, poor Si took out of present between the 15mm-27mm of ingot casting bottom, within the scope of wide 12mm; When the add-on of Cr element was 0.4wt%, poor Si band moved up and narrows down, and appeared at apart between the 18mm-25mm of ingot casting bottom, within the scope of wide 7mm-8mm; When the add-on of Cr was 0.6wt%, poor Si band continued to move up and narrow down, and appeared at apart between the 25mm-30mm of ingot casting bottom, within the scope of wide 5mm; When the addition of Cr element reaches 0.8wt%, this disappearance of poor Si tape base in the ingot casting.Therefore, the Cr element can improve the poly-partially phenomenon of primary silicon particulate macroscopic view in the hypereutectic Al-Si alloy graining tissue, along with the increase of Cr constituent content, its effect is also more and more significant, and the macrosegregation of Si element can be eliminated substantially when the Cr constituent content reaches 0.8wt%.
In the Al-20wt%Si alloy, add 1.0% Cr element of melt gross weight, investigate the distribution situation of primary silicon particle in solidified structure.Step is as follows:
1, the Al-20wt%Si alloy is in the fusing of kryptol stone internal heating, and temperature of fusion is 900 ℃, insulation 10min;
2, when melt temperature is 750-770 ℃, in melt, add the Cr element;
3, after adding alloying element, when melt temperature is 750 ℃ of left and right sides, the alloy liquation is carried out degassing processing with hexachloroethane or argon gas;
4, casting.
In order to guarantee that the result is not subjected to the influence of other factors, casting adopts the directional freeze mode to carry out, and its schematic representation of apparatus as shown in Figure 1.The crucible of melt crystallization is made up of with the copper coin of thick 4mm the insulated tank of wall thickness 30mm, φ 100 * 70mm, compresses with pressing plate.The resistance wire that twines power and be 3Kw outside insulated tank is in order to heating crucible, at copper coin arranged beneath water-cooled tube, makes that water coolant can directly water on copper coin in the process of setting.
When the addition of Cr element reached 1.0wt%, the poor Si band in the ingot casting disappeared, and the Si element from the ingot casting bottom to the top is evenly distributed.Therefore, along with the increase of Cr constituent content, the Cr element can improve the poly-partially phenomenon of primary silicon particulate macroscopic view in the hypereutectic Al-Si alloy graining tissue effectively, and is more remarkable when it improves the equally distributed effect of silicon also than 0.8wt%.
Embodiment 3
In the Al-20wt%Si alloy, add 1.5% Cr element of melt gross weight, investigate the distribution situation of primary silicon particle in solidified structure.Step is as follows:
1, the Al-20wt%Si alloy is in the fusing of kryptol stone internal heating, and temperature of fusion is 900 ℃, insulation 10min;
2, when melt temperature is 750-770 ℃, in melt, add the Cr element;
3, after adding alloying element, when melt temperature is 750 ℃ of left and right sides, the alloy liquation is carried out degassing processing with hexachloroethane or argon gas;
4, casting.
In order to guarantee that the result is not subjected to the influence of other factors, casting adopts the directional freeze mode to carry out, and its schematic representation of apparatus as shown in Figure 1.The crucible of melt crystallization is made up of with the copper coin of thick 4mm the insulated tank of wall thickness 30mm, φ 100 * 70mm, compresses with pressing plate.The resistance wire that twines power and be 3Kw outside insulated tank is in order to heating crucible, at copper coin arranged beneath water-cooled tube, makes that water coolant can directly water on copper coin in the process of setting.
When the addition of Cr element reached 1.5wt%, the poor Si band in the ingot casting disappeared, and the Si element from the ingot casting bottom to the top distributes very even.Therefore, along with the Cr constituent content constantly increases, the Cr element can improve the poly-partially phenomenon of primary silicon particulate macroscopic view in the hypereutectic Al-Si alloy graining tissue effectively, and is more remarkable when it improves the equally distributed effect of silicon also than 1.0wt%.
Claims (1)
1. alloyage process that suppresses hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy silicon gross segregation is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) according to ordinary method melting transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy;
2) when melt temperature is 750 ℃-770 ℃, in melt, add the Cr element of the 0.8%-1.5% of melt gross weight, the Cr element adds in the melt with the Cr agent or with Al-Cr master alloy form;
3) behind the interpolation alloying element, make melt temperature remain on 740 ℃-770 ℃, in melt, charge into hexachloroethane or argon gas, the alloy liquation is carried out degassing processing;
4) casting.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102417998A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-04-18 | 江西万泰铝业有限公司 | Refining treatment process for primary silicon in hypereutectic aluminum alloy |
| CN105063390A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-11-18 | 济南大学 | Hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloy melt compound treatment method |
| CN106282632A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2017-01-04 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of method that there is diffusion-type composite solidification tissue Al-Pb alloy by adding nucleating agent to prepare |
| CN106282620A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2017-01-04 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of method that there is diffusion-type composite solidification tissue Al-Bi alloy by adding nucleating agent to prepare |
| CN106282615A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2017-01-04 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of have diffusion-type composite solidification tissue Al-Pb or the preparation method of Al-Bi alloy |
| CN110304634A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-10-08 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method of energy-efficient purifying industrial silicon |
Family Cites Families (2)
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| US7069897B2 (en) * | 2001-07-23 | 2006-07-04 | Showa Denko K.K. | Forged piston for internal combustion engine and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN1243127C (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2006-02-22 | 北京科技大学 | Producing method for rare-earth aluminosilicate titanium alloy |
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- 2007-08-17 CN CNB2007100124860A patent/CN100445402C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102417998A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-04-18 | 江西万泰铝业有限公司 | Refining treatment process for primary silicon in hypereutectic aluminum alloy |
| CN106282632A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2017-01-04 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of method that there is diffusion-type composite solidification tissue Al-Pb alloy by adding nucleating agent to prepare |
| CN106282620A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2017-01-04 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of method that there is diffusion-type composite solidification tissue Al-Bi alloy by adding nucleating agent to prepare |
| CN106282615A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2017-01-04 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of have diffusion-type composite solidification tissue Al-Pb or the preparation method of Al-Bi alloy |
| CN106282620B (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2018-12-07 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A method of there is diffusion-type composite solidification tissue Al-Bi alloy by addition nucleating agent preparation |
| CN106282632B (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2018-12-07 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A method of there is diffusion-type composite solidification tissue Al-Pb alloy by addition nucleating agent preparation |
| CN105063390A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-11-18 | 济南大学 | Hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloy melt compound treatment method |
| CN110304634A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-10-08 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method of energy-efficient purifying industrial silicon |
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