CN101099999A - Cast steel normal temperature casting method - Google Patents
Cast steel normal temperature casting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101099999A CN101099999A CNA2007100548919A CN200710054891A CN101099999A CN 101099999 A CN101099999 A CN 101099999A CN A2007100548919 A CNA2007100548919 A CN A2007100548919A CN 200710054891 A CN200710054891 A CN 200710054891A CN 101099999 A CN101099999 A CN 101099999A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to constant temperature cast steel pouring process, which includes the following steps: maintaining the constant temperature state of molten steel inside the pouring pot by means of the heating assembly and the temperature control system; and pouring molten steel into the pouring pot to maintain the molten steel inside the pouring pot unchanged during pouring operation. The present invention has the temperature of molten steel poured to different casting molds maintained within one small controlled range, and is favorable to the continuous constant temperature production of cast train wheel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pouring procedure, particularly a kind of cast steel normal temperature casting method that is used for the production of train cast steel wheel.
Background technology
Because the applying working condition condition of train wheel is very abominable, so its internal-external quality requirement is all very harsh.In the Foundry Production, about 25～30 tons of one heat steel water approximately can be poured into a mould 60 of wheels, and the duration of pouring wanted 30 minutes at least by whole stove.In these 30 minutes, liquid steel temperature has the temperature drop above 50 ℃, and wheel cast is very narrow to the allowed band of technological parameter, and less parameter fluctuation will cause following a series of problem:
1. owing to the pouring temperature difference, the defective of wheel that different liquid steel temperature is poured into a mould tendency is different, makes percent defective rise;
2. in order to compensate the temperature drop in the whole casting process, prior art generally adopts and improves the tapping temperature method, but cause that smelting cost rises, high temperature is to problems such as molten steel can cause gas enclosure to be mingled with to increase;
3. in order to make the temperature drop in the casting process as far as possible little, must accelerate the cast beat, cause the cast beat asynchronous with other process rhythms of production line.
The asynchronous influence that causes with other process rhythms of production line of cast beat is bigger, is embodied in:
The tamper storage period of (1) making has and long weak point is arranged, and to have height to have low for the graphite mould temperature when causing cast, and it is unfavorable that wheel mass is stablized;
(2) the foundry goods time of unpacking can not accurately be controlled according to pouring temperature, also is to cause the wheel mass factors of instability;
(3) because the time of unpacking is inhomogeneous, and the cool time of graphite mould is different in size, cause the temperature height of graphite mould when penetrating tamper different, solidifying of tamper exerted an influence, the tearing tendency when tamper is parked exerts an influence, and causes the wheel mass instability;
(4) the production line beat is asynchronous, has increased many artificial controlling units, has increased management difficulty and technique controlling difficulty, and not only the technical quality to operating personnel has requirements at the higher level, also further can cause the quality instability.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cast steel normal temperature casting method, make pouring molten steel temperature in the cast wheel process in a less controlled temperature scope, effectively solve the above-mentioned defective of prior art.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of cast steel normal temperature casting method, comprise step: make by heating component and temperature control system that molten steel is in temperature constant state in the described pouring ladle; In pouring practice, make by in pouring ladle, injecting molten steel that molten steel remains unchanged in the described pouring ladle.
Wherein, making molten steel in the described pouring ladle be in temperature constant state by heating component and temperature control system is specially: measure the molten steel inlet temperature by the far infrared temperature measurer that is arranged on pouring ladle molten steel import department, and molten steel inlet temperature parameter sent to temperature control system, when the molten steel inlet temperature is lower than setting value, temperature control system control heating component heats pouring ladle, makes the interior molten steel of pouring ladle be in temperature constant state.
Wherein, making molten steel in the described pouring ladle be in temperature constant state by heating component and temperature control system is specially: measure the molten steel outlet temperature by the far infrared temperature measurer that is arranged on pouring ladle molten steel outlet place, and the molten steel outlet temperature parameter sent to temperature control system, when the molten steel outlet temperature is lower than setting value, temperature control system control heating component heats pouring ladle, makes the interior molten steel of pouring ladle be in temperature constant state.
Wherein, making in the described pouring ladle molten steel be in temperature constant state by heating component and temperature control system is specially: by being arranged on the thermocouple measurement pouring ladle heat-insulation layer temperature in the pouring ladle heat-insulation layer, and pouring ladle heat-insulation layer temperature parameter sent to temperature control system, when pouring ladle heat-insulation layer temperature is lower than setting value, temperature control system control heating component heats pouring ladle, makes the interior molten steel of pouring ladle be in temperature constant state.
Wherein, make in the described pouring ladle molten steel be in temperature constant state by heating component and temperature control system and be specially: temperature control system heats pouring ladle according to predefined heat temperature raising curve controlled heating component, makes that molten steel is in temperature constant state in the pouring ladle.
On the technique scheme basis, described heating component carries out Frequency Induction Heating by induction coil and yoke assembly to pouring ladle.
On the technique scheme basis, describedly molten steel is remained unchanged be specially: in pouring ladle, inject molten steel by in pouring ladle, injecting molten steel, molten steel in the bag to be cast begins pouring practice when being pouring ladle total capacity 2/3, in pouring practice, regulate the flow that in pouring ladle, injects molten steel, make the interior molten steel amount of having of pouring ladle keep constant substantially.
Wherein, described pouring ladle pouring practice is specially: described pouring ladle carries out pouring practice by the mouth of a river chock plug of continuous keying mouth of a river mechanism.Molten steel is injected in described adjusting in pouring ladle flow is specially: the flow that injects molten steel by the slide gate nozzle size adjustment of regulating the refining bag in pouring ladle.
The present invention proposes a kind of cast steel normal temperature casting method, by temperature control system control heating component pouring ladle is heated, make the interior molten steel of pouring ladle be in temperature constant state, in the cast overall process of every stove pouring molten steel train wheel, the pouring molten steel temperature of each casting mold is all in a less controlled temperature scope, productive temp at the uniform velocity, do not stop, can realize continuously uninterrupted production of constant temperature of whole day (even several days).Beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
(1) because the train wheel pouring temperature is constant, the defective tendency is identical, makes quality control easier;
(2) watered when changing one heat steel water at one heat steel water,, can realize uninterrupted continuously production of constant temperature of whole day (even several days) because the buffering of pouring ladle is arranged;
(3) need not to compensate temperature drop in the whole casting process, can reduce tapping temperature, can alleviate damage, smelting cost is descended the molten steel smelting system; Tapping temperature reduces improves steel quality, and gas enclosure is mingled with minimizing;
(4) prolonged the cast beat, made the beat of cast beat and whole production line synchronous, the tamper storage period unanimity of making, graphite mould temperature unanimity is stablized favourable when making cast to wheel mass; The unpacking time can accurately be controlled according to pouring temperature, is one again and causes the stable factor of wheel mass; Because wheel is unpacked the time evenly, the cool time of graphite mould is identical, causes when penetrating tamper the temperature of graphite mould identical, thereby also can cause wheel mass more stable; The whole beat of production line is synchronous, has reduced many artificial controlling units, thereby has caused wheel mass more stable; The whole beat of production line is synchronous, has reduced management difficulty and technique controlling difficulty, to the corresponding reduction of operating personnel's technical quality; Technological parameter is stable, and is favourable for the accurate control of technological parameter, helps optimizing technological parameter, improves the quality of products.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of cast steel normal temperature casting method of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of cast steel normal temperature casting method of the present invention, is specially: make by heating component and temperature control system that molten steel is in temperature constant state in the described pouring ladle; In pouring practice, make by in pouring ladle, injecting molten steel that molten steel remains unchanged in the described pouring ladle.Technique scheme of the present invention heats pouring ladle by temperature control system control heating component, make the interior molten steel of pouring ladle be in temperature constant state, in the cast overall process of every stove pouring molten steel train wheel, the pouring molten steel temperature of each casting mold is all in a less controlled temperature scope, productive temp at the uniform velocity, do not stop, can realize continuously uninterrupted production of constant temperature of whole day (even several days).
Wherein, making in the described pouring ladle molten steel be in temperature constant state by heating component and temperature control system can be by being provided with the temperature survey assembly, at mouth place, pouring ladle molten steel place the temperature survey assembly being set, temperature survey assembly or temperature control system are set in the pouring ladle heat-insulation layer means such as automatic heating schedule are set realize in pouring ladle molten steel import department.Particularly, when pouring ladle molten steel import department is provided with the temperature survey assembly, the far infrared temperature measurer that is arranged on pouring ladle molten steel import department is measured the molten steel inlet temperature, and molten steel inlet temperature parameter sent to temperature control system, when the molten steel inlet temperature is lower than setting value, temperature control system control heating component heats pouring ladle, makes the interior molten steel of pouring ladle be in temperature constant state.When the temperature survey assembly being set at mouth place, pouring ladle molten steel place, measure the molten steel outlet temperature by the far infrared temperature measurer that is arranged on pouring ladle molten steel outlet place, and the molten steel outlet temperature parameter sent to temperature control system, when the molten steel outlet temperature is lower than setting value, temperature control system control heating component heats pouring ladle, makes the interior molten steel of pouring ladle be in temperature constant state.When the temperature survey assembly is set in the pouring ladle heat-insulation layer, by being arranged on the thermocouple measurement pouring ladle heat-insulation layer temperature in the pouring ladle heat-insulation layer, and pouring ladle heat-insulation layer temperature parameter sent to temperature control system, when pouring ladle heat-insulation layer temperature is lower than setting value, temperature control system control heating component heats pouring ladle, makes the interior molten steel of pouring ladle be in temperature constant state.When temperature control system was provided with automatic heating schedule, temperature control system heated pouring ladle according to predefined heat temperature raising curve controlled heating component, made the interior molten steel of pouring ladle be in temperature constant state.
Because liquid steel temperature is high, reaches about 1600 ℃, realize that the temperature online detection difficulty is very big, prior art direct contact type temperature measuring head can not satisfy long-term work under high temperature like this, so direct temperature measurement is infeasible.Temperature survey assembly in the technique scheme of the present invention can be far infrared temperature measurer and/or thermocouple, promptly can adopt the far infrared temperature measurer to measure the molten steel inlet temperature, can also adopt the far infrared temperature measurer to measure the molten steel outlet temperature, also can adopt thermocouple to insert the interior thermometric of heat-insulation layer of pouring ladle, measure liquid steel temperature indirectly by the temperature of measuring heat-insulation layer, so that liquid steel temperature in the pouring ladle is monitored.The temperature survey assembly feeds back to temperature control system with the temperature that records, control heating component by temperature control system according to temperature conditions, when liquid steel temperature is lower than setting value, start heating component or increase heating power, stop heating when reaching set temperature value or reduce heating power to temperature constant state to soaking condition.Further, TT﹠C system can be made up of two cover far infrared temperature measurers, temp controlled meter and temperature control loop etc., wherein a cover is installed in the tapping hole side of concise bag, the another set of tapping hole side that is installed in pouring ladle, temperature control system carries out the closed loop continuous control by being installed in the concise far infrared temperature measurer that contracts out steel oral-lateral face, the another set of temperature monitoring that carries out is realized the continuous temperature control of molten steel in the pouring ladle.Temperature control system can comprise intermediate frequency switch board, compensation condenser cabinet and water-cooling system.
In addition, the present invention also can adopt the automatic program control method that the interior liquid steel temperature of pouring ladle is remained in the setting range.Particularly, earlier with the time dependent temperature lowering curve of reliable thermocouple measurement one heat steel water.Temperature lowering curve need be done a plurality of, as the temperature lowering curve of different environment temperatures, and the temperature lowering curve of different tapping temperatures etc.; Adjust heating component heating power curve over time according to temperature lowering curve then; Thermometric is adjusted this heat temperature raising curve repeatedly, till reaching requirement.Press heating power curve controlled heating component over time by temperature control system at last, the realization temperature is controlled automatically.
Above-mentioned heating component mainly comprises induction coil and yoke assembly, by induction coil and yoke assembly pouring ladle is carried out Frequency Induction Heating.The induction coil material is generally selected copper tube for use, inner water flowing cooling, and the yoke assembly material has generally been selected the orientation silicon steel sheet for use.Particularly, the induction coil that pouring ladle is carried out Frequency Induction Heating is arranged on the outer wall of pouring ladle, and yoke assembly then is arranged on the periphery of pouring ladle.Induction coil is according to the electromagnetic field principle, determines its specification by calculating.Yoke assembly adopts the ∏ shape yoke that orientation silicon steel sheet and stainless steel splint construction are arranged, and compares with traditional bar shaped yoke, has the few characteristics of leakage field, can prevent the outer steel structure heating to greatest extent.
In the technique scheme of the present invention, describedly molten steel is remained unchanged be specially: in pouring ladle, inject molten steel by in pouring ladle, injecting molten steel, molten steel in the bag to be cast begins pouring practice when being pouring ladle total capacity 2/3, in pouring practice, regulate the flow that in pouring ladle, injects molten steel, make the interior molten steel amount of having of pouring ladle keep constant substantially.Particularly, described pouring ladle pouring practice is specially: described pouring ladle carries out pouring practice by the mouth of a river chock plug of continuous keying mouth of a river mechanism.Molten steel is injected in described adjusting in pouring ladle flow is specially: the flow that injects molten steel by the slide gate nozzle size adjustment of regulating the refining bag in pouring ladle.
The course of work below by the cast of cast steel constant temperature further specifies technical scheme of the present invention.
Beginning, pouring ladle comes into operation, and at this moment pouring ladle is empty; The slide gate nozzle of opening the refining bag earlier injects molten steel by the molten steel import in pouring ladle, the liquid steel temperature of far infrared temperature measurer monitoring simultaneously is to judge whether molten steel needs to heat up; Molten steel rises in the bag to be cast generally is 2/3 (the molten steel capacity generally is 3～5 tons in the pouring ladle) of pouring ladle total capacity during to a certain height, constantly opens and closes mouth of a river chock plug, the pouring practice of beginning train wheel; The slide gate nozzle size of appropriate regulation refining bag makes the interior molten steel amount of having of pouring ladle constant substantially simultaneously; Along with the carrying out of casting process, liquid steel temperature descends, and temperature control system is regulated heating power automatically, until meeting the demands; Along with casting process further carries out, the interior molten steel sky of refining bag, the refining bag of sky is removed rapidly, move on to the position rapidly with filling the refining bag of having smelted molten steel, open the slide gate nozzle of new refining bag, inject molten steel in the constant temperature pouring ladle, production process is uninterruptedly carried out.
From technique scheme of the present invention as can be seen: because the train wheel pouring temperature is constant, the defective tendency is identical, makes quality control easier; Watered when changing one heat steel water at one heat steel water,, can realize uninterrupted continuously production of constant temperature of whole day (even several days) because the buffering of pouring ladle is arranged; Need not to compensate the temperature drop in the whole casting process, can reduce tapping temperature, can alleviate damage, smelting cost is descended molten steel platform refining system; Tapping temperature reduces improves steel quality, and gas enclosure is mingled with minimizing; Prolonged the cast beat, made the beat of cast beat and whole production line synchronous, the tamper storage period unanimity of making, graphite mould temperature unanimity is stablized favourable when making cast to wheel mass; The unpacking time can accurately be controlled according to pouring temperature, is one again and causes the stable factor of wheel mass; Because wheel is unpacked the time evenly, the cool time of graphite mould is identical, causes when penetrating tamper the temperature of graphite mould identical, thereby also can cause wheel mass more stable; The whole beat of production line is synchronous, has reduced many artificial controlling units, thereby has caused wheel mass more stable; The whole beat of production line is synchronous, has reduced management difficulty and technique controlling difficulty, to the corresponding reduction of operating personnel's technical quality; Technological parameter is stable, and is favourable for the accurate control of technological parameter, helps optimizing technological parameter, improves the quality of products.
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a cast steel normal temperature casting method is characterized in that, comprises step: make by heating component and temperature control system that molten steel is in temperature constant state in the described pouring ladle; In pouring practice, make by in pouring ladle, injecting molten steel that molten steel remains unchanged in the described pouring ladle.
2. cast steel normal temperature casting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, making molten steel in the described pouring ladle be in temperature constant state by heating component and temperature control system is specially: measure the molten steel inlet temperature by the far infrared temperature measurer that is arranged on pouring ladle molten steel import department, and molten steel inlet temperature parameter sent to temperature control system, when the molten steel inlet temperature is lower than setting value, temperature control system control heating component heats pouring ladle, makes the interior molten steel of pouring ladle be in temperature constant state.
3. cast steel normal temperature casting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, making molten steel in the described pouring ladle be in temperature constant state by heating component and temperature control system is specially: measure the molten steel outlet temperature by the far infrared temperature measurer that is arranged on pouring ladle molten steel outlet place, and the molten steel outlet temperature parameter sent to temperature control system, when the molten steel outlet temperature is lower than setting value, temperature control system control heating component heats pouring ladle, makes the interior molten steel of pouring ladle be in temperature constant state.
4. cast steel normal temperature casting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, making in the described pouring ladle molten steel be in temperature constant state by heating component and temperature control system is specially: by being arranged on the thermocouple measurement pouring ladle heat-insulation layer temperature in the pouring ladle heat-insulation layer, and pouring ladle heat-insulation layer temperature parameter sent to temperature control system, when pouring ladle heat-insulation layer temperature is lower than setting value, temperature control system control heating component heats pouring ladle, makes the interior molten steel of pouring ladle be in temperature constant state.
5. cast steel normal temperature casting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, making in the described pouring ladle molten steel be in temperature constant state by heating component and temperature control system is specially: temperature control system heats pouring ladle according to predefined heat temperature raising curve controlled heating component, makes that molten steel is in temperature constant state in the pouring ladle.
6. according to the described cast steel normal temperature casting method of arbitrary claim in the claim 1～5, it is characterized in that heating is specially described heating component to pouring ladle: described heating component carries out Frequency Induction Heating by induction coil and yoke assembly to pouring ladle.
7. according to the described cast steel normal temperature casting method of arbitrary claim in the claim 1～5, it is characterized in that, describedly molten steel is remained unchanged be specially: in pouring ladle, inject molten steel by in pouring ladle, injecting molten steel, molten steel in the bag to be cast begins pouring practice when being pouring ladle total capacity 2/3, in pouring practice, regulate the flow that in pouring ladle, injects molten steel, make the interior molten steel amount of having of pouring ladle keep constant substantially.
8. cast steel normal temperature casting method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described pouring ladle pouring practice is specially: described pouring ladle carries out pouring practice by the mouth of a river chock plug of continuous keying mouth of a river mechanism.
9. cast steel normal temperature casting method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, molten steel is injected in described adjusting in pouring ladle flow is specially: the flow that injects molten steel by the slide gate nozzle size adjustment of regulating the refining bag in pouring ladle.
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| CNB2007100548919A CN100548538C (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2007-08-03 | Cast steel normal temperature casting method |
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| CNB2007100548919A CN100548538C (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2007-08-03 | Cast steel normal temperature casting method |
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| CN101099999A true CN101099999A (en) | 2008-01-09 |
| CN100548538C CN100548538C (en) | 2009-10-14 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101357395B (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2012-01-18 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Holding furnace heating device intermittent energy-saving working method |
| CN103341621A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-10-09 | 大连理工大学 | Subsurface-flow casting method |
| CN104550891A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-29 | 西峡县众德汽车部件有限公司 | Casting and pouring method |
| CN110254957A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-20 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of high-temp liquid liquid holding device system and its heat preserving method |
| CN111957911A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-20 | 浙江英洛华磁业有限公司 | Heat preservation power adjusting method during neodymium iron boron smelting and casting |
-
2007
- 2007-08-03 CN CNB2007100548919A patent/CN100548538C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101357395B (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2012-01-18 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Holding furnace heating device intermittent energy-saving working method |
| CN103341621A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-10-09 | 大连理工大学 | Subsurface-flow casting method |
| CN103341621B (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-04-08 | 大连理工大学 | Subsurface-flow casting method |
| CN104550891A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-29 | 西峡县众德汽车部件有限公司 | Casting and pouring method |
| CN110254957A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-20 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of high-temp liquid liquid holding device system and its heat preserving method |
| CN111957911A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-20 | 浙江英洛华磁业有限公司 | Heat preservation power adjusting method during neodymium iron boron smelting and casting |
| CN111957911B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2021-08-24 | 浙江英洛华磁业有限公司 | Heat preservation power adjusting method during neodymium iron boron smelting and casting |
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| CN100548538C (en) | 2009-10-14 |
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