CN101099006A

CN101099006A - Assembly for coupling wear parts on tool holders for civil engineering machines

Info

Publication number: CN101099006A
Application number: CNA2005800460752A
Authority: CN
Inventors: C·帕斯夸利尼
Original assignee: AFE Metal SAS; PREDAC
Current assignee: AFE Metal SAS; PREDAC
Priority date: 2004-12-02
Filing date: 2005-11-30
Publication date: 2008-01-02
Anticipated expiration: 2025-11-30
Also published as: FR2878870B1; WO2006059034A1; EP1819881A1; CN101099006B; FR2878870A1; ES2382095T3; EP1819881B1; ATE547571T1

Abstract

The invention relates to an assembly for coupling wear parts on tool holders for civil engineering machines comprising a tooth and an adapter with a feather key. The inventive assembly is characterised in that the tooth and adapter are connected by bearing profiled matching shapes on different planes arranged between the respective contacting and connecting ends thereof and said shapes are symmetrically and oppositely placed on the top and lower faces of the adapter and tooth nose.

Description

Coupling assembling between wearing terrain that the public works plant equipment is used and support tool

Technical field

[01] the present invention relates to the technical field of public works plant equipment, described public works plant equipment has tipping bucket, scraper bowl or other gatherer, they can shovel, get, transport material or other material by means of public works machinery, to make it being transported to other operation station from certain place.

Background technology

[02] in the prior art, be well known that on aforesaid tipping bucket, scraper bowl, gatherer and similar facility, to be equipped with suitable adaptive nose that described adaptive nose receivability has the movable tooth of complementary profile.These teeth with wait to get material to be shoveled, material directly contacts, and this is the root of the quick wearing and tearing that caused by its restricting condition for use.The adaptive nose that forms on tipping bucket, scraper bowl and other gatherer is the plug-in unit that is connected in the lip of tipping bucket, scraper bowl or preformed gatherer, and when scraper bowl, tipping bucket, gatherer or other special facility are shaped, makes with setting-in or integral way.The tooth of attaching constitutes and contains parts, and it is made with the shape with the profile complementation of described one or more adaptive noses, so that engage in the above.Consider the wearing and tearing of tooth, the requirement of changing tooth need set a connection piece between wearing terrain and corresponding adaptive nose.According to prior art, this connector is provided with the form of a pin connector (clavetage) by many producers, and it can directly be a metal, perhaps is aided with elastomeric material.

[03] experience shows, no matter be the setting-in system or be connected with a joggle system, all can not stop this situation: owing to require that clearance is arranged---knocking the clearance of using wearing and tearing to form with contact area by pressure is increased in again in these clearances---tooth being assemblied in the manufacturing tolerance on its adaptive supporting member, thereby tooth may be moved on its adaptive supporting member.

[04] therefore, the connection of tooth on its adaptive nose connects by pin to be carried out, so that can remove and change described tooth behind odontotripsis.Use and mode of occupation intrinsic level, side, inclination or various power (sollicitation) also cause the infringement of tooth-adaptive nose relation, and connection causes damage to pin.People observe the pivot of tooth with respect to adapter nose, and thereby find because the wearing and tearing that cause because of friction damage the situation of described nose.

[05] people have verified these two relevant or incoherent major issues according to the layout of tooth and adapter.

[06] in the prior art and for first problem, the setting-in configuration of often finding tooth-adapter or is the setting-in form of pyramid as shown in Figure 1, or is the setting-in form of truncated cone shape.

[07] applies digging force FC when---this digging force is maximum stress that tipping bucket and scraper bowl are born when loading as shown in Figure 2---, having the rotation campaign of continuing to use the R indicated direction.Tooth is tending towards rotation on its adaptive supporting member, and the lower wall Ci of cavity very effectively is bearing on the following main body of adaptive supporting member.

[08] as long as the clearance between tooth and the adapter is little, the allowed rotation of tooth also is very little, and to be applied to active force on the contact area Ci be that the intensity of tooth housing is acceptable.

[09] moment takes place sometimes, wherein the clearance J between tooth and the adaptive supporting member thereof makes: in fact it may be in the housing of tooth with the mode of action of chock, and the housing of described tooth cracks, scratches or explosion (Fig. 2), so tooth can not be used again.

[10] configuration of comparatively robust also is known, as shown in Figure 3.The nose of adaptive supporting member is furnished with in its front portion and stablizes flat portion, and the rear portion of adaptive supporting member has the seat chamber of two lugs admitting tooth.It is such that parts are produced determined clearance: the clearance J2 between the setting-in surface is greater than stablizing the clearance J1 that flat portion and lug place implement up and down.J2＞J1。

[11] also be this configuration shown in Figure 4, when applying digging force FC, tooth is bearing in to be stablized in the flat portion, this tooth is stablized flat portion and is applied one and cause the directed force F PS that rotates along R described, by locking, the lug of described tooth is transfer function power FO in the seat chamber of its adaptive supporting member owing to the contact of tooth lug in this rotation.Therefore, the supporting force at Ci place reduces, and the danger of the housing generation explosion of tooth is less than afore-mentioned (Fig. 1 and 2).

[12] but experiment show: in use, stablize flat portion and worn and torn because of knocking and rubbing in tooth trunnion cup chamber, and the clearance that therefore exists with the respective surfaces of the tooth of new replacing increases a lot.The superiority of bearing active force owing to the supporting role in the seat chamber of tooth lug in their adaptive supporting member no longer exists, and the afore-mentioned shown in Fig. 1 and 2 can occur again.

[13] if move on to second problem now---the pin connectivity problem just needs to observe.

[14] according to known way, the pin connected system of tooth remains on its adaptive supporting member in order to ensure tooth, perhaps is arranged vertically, perhaps horizontal arrangement.Their pin is aided with or is not aided with an elastic component.When horizontal arrangement, because too close adjacent adapter, its defective is to be difficult to lead to.When being arranged vertically, they may make pin lose, and especially lose pin from the bottom.

[15] elastic component of aforementioned type is made the form of tubular casing sometimes, and two systems are known:

[16] first system relates to a normal pin, and this pin is formed by two cylinders, and these of two cylinders are screwed on another, and one of them forms bolt, and another forms nut (Fig. 5,6 and 7).One rubber tube places between the two.Tighten these two close to each other, when forming two members of pin, be tending towards extruding and expansion rubber tube.This rubber tube is positioned in the chamber that is arranged in the adapter main body, and described rubber tube can be expanded in this chamber, is tightening hardening under the pressure.This can guarantee in use to keep pin.On the contrary, the position of rubber parts is specified by the chamber in the adapter, described rubber parts makes the hardware that forms pin place a random site on perforation opposite, and at described random site, described hardware can not be in the rear portion contact position that is used to guarantee the tooth maintenance all the time.In fact in addition, under the situation of the favourable random site of pin, do not have or seldom have the rear support power that is used to keep tooth.

[17] second system levels are arranged (Fig. 8 and 9).One rubber tube is inserted in its seat chamber in adapter.Behind the tooth installation in position, a cylindrical rod that forms pin is inserted by a hole or another hole of tooth.The slightly larger in diameter of bar is guaranteed the fastening force that pin is held in place during operation in the internal diameter of rubber tube with formation.

[18] this device in the random site on perforation opposite with lack aspect the confining force, has the defective of aforementioned means at pin, and described device only is used for not existing tooth to extract stress (contrainte d ' special circumstances extraction).It only is used for being called the application of scarifier, and in this was used, tooth only was subjected to effect along the reach direction.Therefore, singlely just penetrate the operator to being tending towards that on the contrary tooth is effectively abutted on its adaptive supporting member.

[19] be well known that, also be in patent US4727663, the pin connection device that movable alligator is connected on the adaptive supporting member is made up of a cage type spring (ressort-panier), described cage type spring before installation activity tooth, be arranged in advance can adaptive supporting member one have in the seat chamber of respective shapes, at last a vertical cylindrical pin is inserted in the perforation, and this pin is placed in the position that is centered in the cage type spring.Therefore, it relates to can turn to articulated mounting, and under the circular portion of cage type spring participated in, by the ball nose effect that the adaptive shape of contacting of tooth and adapter portion is allowed, this device made tooth have around the movement.Because pin and the concentric cylindricality configuration that contact and pass through the zone with the cage type spring, this device so feasible: do not possess and make tooth keep in touch any tooth confining force of its adaptive supporting member.

[20] the known sandwich pin principle that also has the applicant for example to describe, described pin is especially arranged with the special construction of relatively-movable two assemblies, and be furnished with a deformable material between described two assembly.This pin is addressed in the applicant's patent PCT WO 2004/035945.But, this pin be exclusively used in have one around and the configuration of tooth in the skirt section of protection adapter.

[21] the applicant also uses the specific process that is called " viscous (STICKEY) method " as patent EP No.618 334 themes, its proposition a: pin is inserted in the vertical plane, described pin is a point gradually from top to bottom, and admits fabricated material in a suitable chamber.Described fabricated material is the form of a resin, this resin solidification, and between tooth and adapter, forming a maintainance set after the sclerosis.

[22] in aforementioned all known situations of the applicant, sell out in the connection space that is embedded in entirely between tooth and the adapter.Therefore must be equipped with special tool, carrying out its dismounting and/or to extract, even also will heat making it liquefy, and allow to sell dismounting elastomeric material.

Summary of the invention

[23] in the face of all these problems, therefore the applicant considers that a kind of novel tooth-adapter connects design scheme, and it is easy to implement and adapt to the various restrictive condition that proposes fully.

[24] at first, this consideration is positioned the purpose of the layout of tooth and adaptive nose, so that absorb all stress, and by absorbing the stress phenomenon that reduces wear better.

[25] this consideration also is positioned tooth-adapter connector, thereby proposes a kind of special-purpose pin connection device that adapts to the problem and the required purpose of existence.

[26] therefore, the applicant proposes a kind of tooth-adapter coupling assembling, it can according to circumstances reach application, on the one hand in the contact area between tooth and adaptive nose and on the other hand aspect the insertion of a pin connection device, or adopts special arrangement independently or in combination.Because increase complementary contact area to absorb the multidirectional power of various character, therefore the connection between tooth and the adapter greatly improves.

[27] new design of pin connection device also helps to limit the motion between tooth and the adapter, simultaneously with regard to correlation circumstance, avoid in adaptive nose connects, occurring any from top or the danger that breaks away from from the bottom, itself thereby overall safety are reliable, and do not have the possibility of anything unexpected hook when using at the construction field (site).

[28] in accordance with a first feature of the invention, the coupling assembling that wearing terrain is connected on the support tool that the public works plant equipment is used comprises a tooth and an adapter, and have one the pin connector, it is characterized in that, shape portion is supported in the complementary moulding that tooth and adapter are equipped with in Different Plane, these shape portions are in the corresponding contact of tooth and adapter and connect between the end, described shape portion's symmetry and relatively being arranged on adapter nose and upper and lower surface tooth.

[29] according to another feature, the public works plant equipment is used is connected wearing terrain coupling assembling on the support tool, the coupling assembling of described type comprises and carries out the pin that assembles between a tooth and the adapter, this pin is the location vertically, described pin fits in one and adopts in the admittance cover that elastomeric material makes, described tooth and adapter are equipped with opening, with supporting and stopper area, so that permission pin-grip assembly inserts and described pin-grip assembly is kept, it is characterized in that: described pin is equipped with three reserved areas: a zone line, and it is used to engage and cooperates with described cover; Another upper area, it stretches out from described cover, and is provided with the parts that hold and locate a demounting tool; With another lower area, it is used for being bonded on the lower part of the formation base of described tooth, its feature also is, described pin part therebetween has a plurality of horizontal zones that instrument holds that are used on its side surface, described horizontal zone is prolonged by sunk area that replaces and elevated regions, described sunk area and elevated regions can match with a plurality of complementary projection zone and the sunk area in being arranged in described cover, adaptive and fixing to guarantee, its feature also is, described tooth is provided with a last hole of widening, the described hole of going up allows to insert described pin, and allows the location and operate an instrument that is used for disengage peg.

[30] according to another feature, the public works plant equipment is used is connected wearing terrain coupling assembling on the support tool, it is characterized in that, tooth and adapter are equipped with complementary moulding and support shape portion, these shape portions are in the corresponding contact of tooth and adapter and are connected between the end, and described shape portion is symmetrical and relatively be arranged on adapter nose and upper and lower surface tooth; Its feature is that also described pin is equipped with three reserved areas: a zone line, and it is used to engage and cooperates with described cover; Another upper area, it stretches out from described cover, and is provided with the parts that hold and locate a demounting tool; With another lower area, it is used for being bonded on the lower part of the formation base of described tooth, its feature also is, described pin part therebetween has a plurality of horizontal zones that instrument holds that are used on its side surface, described horizontal zone is prolonged by sunk area that replaces and elevated regions, described sunk area and elevated regions can match with a plurality of complementary projection zone and the sunk area in being arranged in described cover, adaptive and fixing to guarantee, its feature also is, described tooth is provided with a last hole of widening, the described hole of going up allows to insert described pin, and allows the location and operate an instrument that is used for disengage peg.

[31] these features and further feature will further embody from the following description.

Description of drawings

[32] for clear and definite content of the present invention, be illustrated with non-limiting way referring now to accompanying drawing, accompanying drawing is as follows:

[33]-and Fig. 1 and 2 is a schematic diagram, they illustrate according to the tooth in the taper setting-in configuration of prior art-adapter and connect;

[34]-Fig. 3 and 4 is the schematic diagrames as modification, wherein, stablizes flat portion before adaptive nose has one, and the connection of tooth on adapter realizes by lug and in addition perfect;

[35]-Fig. 5 is the half-sectional view of selling described in the prior art;

[36]-Fig. 6 is the view by pin shown in Figure 5;

[37]-Fig. 7 illustrates in the prior art view of the installation of pin in tooth-adapter assembly;

[38]-and Fig. 8 illustrates a view of the tooth that is called scarifier in the prior art, and this tooth uses a pin, and described pin is integrated with a cover;

[39]-Fig. 9 is the sectional drawing along Fig. 8 center line A.A.;

[40]-and Figure 10 is the phantom drawing of described tooth-adapter, cover-pin coupling assembling before installation, it illustrates a complementation contact that is arranged on adapter and the tooth and an embodiment who is connected shape portion;

[41]-Figure 11 is the upward view of adapter as shown in figure 10;

[42]-and Figure 12 is in first modification of a tooth internal placement, tooth-adapter coupling assembling is in the longitudinal sectional drawing of back along its line XIII.XIII is installed;

[43]-Figure 13 is the top plan view of XII.XII along the line;

[44]-Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of another endo conformation of tooth;

[45]-Figure 15 is the partial side view of adaptive nose end;

[46]-Figure 16 is the vertical view by Figure 15;

[47]-Figure 17 is the modification view by Figure 15;

[48]-Figure 18 is the vertical view by Figure 17;

[49]-Figure 19 is the lateral view by pin of the present invention;

[50]-and Figure 19 .1,19.2, the 19.3rd, along line I.I, II.II among Figure 19, the sectional drawing of III.III, be each different cross sections continuously about pin;

[51]-Figure 20 is the vertical view by the pin of Figure 19;

[52]-Figure 21 is the elevation by the pin of Figure 19;

[53]-Figure 22 is the side cutaway view as the admittance cover of the pin of theme of the present invention;

[54]-Figure 23 is the elevation cross-sectional view along the line IV.IV of Figure 22;

[55]-Figure 24 is the vertical view by Figure 22;

[56]-Figure 25 is the upward view by Figure 22;

[57]-Figure 26 is a part sectioned view of admitting the adapter of described cover;

[58]-and Figure 27 is the part sectioned view of tooth, this tooth fits on the adapter and admits according to pin of the present invention;

[59]-Figure 28 is the part sectioned view along the line V.V of Figure 27;

[60]-Figure 29 is the view of the following external surface of tooth;

[61]-Figure 30 is the view of the last external surface of tooth;

[62]-and Figure 31 is a part sectioned view, pin connection device is shown promptly sells-overlap situation about being installed between tooth and the adapter;

[63]-Figure 32 is the vertical view by Figure 31;

[64]-Figure 33 is the sectional drawing by Figure 31, and the dismounting of pin is shown.

The specific embodiment

[65] for making theme of the present invention more specific, referring now to accompanying drawing, it is described with non-limiting way.

[66] in order to reach purpose of the present invention, the coupling assembling that wearing terrain is connected on the support tool that is used for the public works plant equipment uses a tooth D and an adapter A, and described tooth and adapter can be carried out combination and are connected by a pin C.

[67] in order to reach first purpose that absorbs institute's vis in situ in the described application, the nose of adapter is furnished with one in known manner in front and stablizes flat portion, and is furnished with the opening that is used to admit the side lug that is arranged on tooth ends, does not perhaps arrange this class opening.According to the present invention, tooth and adapter arrangement have the complementary moulding supporting shape FA of portion in Different Plane, described plane is on the one hand in their respective end portions and is used for adapter and the stablizing between the flat portion of tooth bottom, and on the other hand in their relative connections with center between the end.These complementary shape FA of portion are arranged on upper surface FS adapter nose and tooth and the soffit FI symmetrically and relatively.Therefore, these complementary shape portions are aiding support zones, following support regions are improved in these aiding supports zone: these support regions be installed in stablize in the flat portion, the front of adapter nose, and back, in case of necessity also in tooth trunnion cup chamber, it is strong to bear institute no longer individually at these support regions when stablizing flat portion stress application.These complementary moulding supporting shapes FA of portion can increase the area of stablizing flat portion, the power that distributes and bear better by adaptive nose, and increase and bear the gross area of the power of transmitting.Therefore can reduce the possibility of tooth, and reduce wear with respect to adapter movement.

[68] shown in Figure 10 to 18, the upper surface FS of adaptive nose and soffit FI are arranged between the rear section beyond the formation zone of the forward part of stablizing flat portion and adapter nose, and have stepwise shape portion on the whole or partial width of nose.Therefore, the described stepwise shape portion that is positioned on the upper surface of adapter nose and the soffit determines on the extension of arranging along a plane a of stablizing flat portion, described plane a extends to joint with last coupling part by a clinoplain a2 always, and the wherein said coupling part of going up is used for the adapter nose zone is connected to adapter main body.Therefore, stepwise shape portion limits the upper support plane a3 of a complementation, and this plane is with respect to the plane a that stablizes flat portion and also directed at an angle with respect to the connection plane a2 that tilts.Stepwise shape portion then is connected in its front portion and stablizes the flat a1 of portion, and the described flat a1 of portion that stablizes itself staggers with respect to plane a by the clinoplain a4 of an indentation, thereby described shape portion has an inclined configuration that forms groove in its forward part.Plane a2 is angle G2 with respect to plane a.Limit an angle G3 from the plane a3 of the 0, top identical with this plane a2 with plane a2, described angle G3 is less than angle G2, this makes can determine contact plane a4-a5, described contact plane a4-a5 along one with respect to plane a1 form the stopper section less than 90 ° inclination angle G4, and with respect to the longitudinal axis of assembly along one also less than 90 ° inclination angle G5 orientation.The FA of shape portion of Miao Shuing is on the soffit of adapter nose with longitudinal central axis line symmetry and relative mode with respect to adapter like this.The width of the FA of this shape portion on adapter nose preferably equals half of adapter nose overall width, thereby makes clinoplain a2 local free.The join domain that is noted that upper slanted plane a3 and clinoplain a2 can be positioned at any position with respect to adapter main body.The particular configuration of adaptive nose is staggered on the adaptive nose tooth by its aiding support shape portion better.

[69] therefore, tooth is arranged to admit the auxiliary shape portion of adaptive nose in the mode of complementation.So chamber, seat of honour LS and following chamber LI shown in Figure 10, a chamber, the described seat of honour and a following chamber begin to arrange from the upper and lower surface of tooth, and admit the FA of shape portion of aforementioned type.Therefore, these chambeies have the wall that contacts and support with the described shape FA of portion.In addition and shown in Figure 12 and 14, the zone that engages with the leading section of the FA of shape portion formation groove can be complementary (Figure 12), to determine that the complementary portion of facing mutually carries out firmly chimeric, perhaps as modification, tooth can have an internal clearance (Figure 14), thus groove part be arranged in tooth on and the bottom in the seat chamber of admitting the complementary shape FA of portion be not connected and contact.

[70] therefore as can be seen, the particular configuration of adapter nose and tooth makes to contact with bearing surface and greatly increases.Under the situation that does not exceed the scope of the invention, the intermediate support zone can be arranged on surface level and/or vertical of adapter nose, and tooth is arranged in the mode of complementation.

[71] therefore, this embodiment reaches first purpose, promptly limits the corresponding sports of tooth on adapter by increasing bearing surface, and limits their angular orientation, so that they advantageously are positioned to bear and absorb the multidirectional power of being transmitted by tooth.

[72] according to the application and the mode of occupation of coupling assembling, regardless of the pin connected system that uses, this embodiment all can play a role fully.

[73] still, remain on aspect the optimum state on the adapter at tooth, and making every effort to limit aspect the component wear that causes because of applied force, the embodiment of a pin connection device can be assisted the application life of guaranteeing coupling assembling.

[74] second in-problem pin connection device that solution is mentioned at first is described below.

[75] according to the present invention; in order to realize above-mentioned required function and purpose; pin connection device uses a pin C; this pin has special profile and configuration; it can have one and engages among elastic deformability's the cover F and cooperate; described pin and sleeve can engage in the conjugative component on tipping bucket that is in public works machinery and the scraper bowl and be protected, and wherein institute's conjugative component is that tooth D is assemblied on the adapter A.Adapter and tooth itself are moulding, they one be used at the described cover of internal admission, and another is used on the one hand protecting to the pin that top stretches out from described cover, and allows the pin demounting tool to insert under the situation of dismounting wearing and tearing tooth.Therefore, tooth, adapter, pin, overlap these four main members and have interactional profile, assemble, keep and dismantle guaranteeing.Therefore, adapter A is furnished with a seat chamber AL (Figure 25) who is used to admit resilient sleeve F, and tooth D (Figure 26,27,28 and 29) has on one hole D1 and hole D2 once, the described hole D1 of going up is used for inserting pin C, and have passage D1.2 and the D1.3 that the pin demounting tool is entered, and described hole D2 down has stopper section D2.1 and connects part D2.2.

[76] therefore, the characteristic of each, installation, the dismounting mode of narration pin then in preferred these members of description earlier.

[77] describe below according to pin of the present invention, this pin has three reserved area Z1, Z2, Z3, wherein zone, bottom Z1 fits in the lower part of tooth, another zone line Z2 is used for engaging and matching with cover, and another upper area Z3 stretches out from cover, and be arranged in the top of tooth, and can make one to remove and enter and hold with instrument.

[78] pin has a pyramid main body C1, thereby makes this pin have the chock effect, and its cross section is rectangular or trapezoidal.Preferably rounded with the rear surface that the hole of tooth D contacts.

[79] Z3 at an upper portion thereof, be furnished with a protruding C2-C3 and one or more groove C4 on each side surface of two side surfaces, described protruding C2-C3 has the effect that holds with the rear support instrument, and described groove C4 is continuous, be the level of state, and be spaced apart along described parts.These grooves are used to allow the end edge portion dismantled with instrument in place.At least upper groove shown in Figure 19 exposes from cover F, and is arranged in tooth formed insertion space or inserts opening.When pin was in place, described one or more follow-up grooves were arranged in the inner space of cover partly.The groove of deviating to cause can touch gradually other of pin, so that place tool once more, and further dismantle, finish until the final dismounting of pin.

[80] therefore, the mid portion Z2 of pin is (sous-jacent) on two side surfaces that surface size is specially determined very greatly and below, has one or more sunk area C5, and described sunk area is alternately separated by elevated regions C15.Described zone C 5-C15 is arranged in the horizontal plane on described side surface.Therefore, described zone C 5-C15 has a complementary profile, and the configuration of described complementary profile is similar to the configuration that has a series of complimentary recess and elevated regions F15-F16 in the part in the cover F, so that pin is assemblied in the cover and locks in place.Therefore the structure of the cover of making in view of the material of the flexible deformability of apparatus can guarantee that pin is connected in the cover securely.

[81] Xiao front surface C6 is that line is straight, and ends at a radius or inclined-plane C7 at lower area, and to avoid forming an angle, described angle may be damaged the regional F1-2 of resilient sleeve when inserting.

[82] Xiao rear surface has an indentation zone C 8, and this zone is with respect to the two work plane C9 and the C10 indentation of top that is arranged in pin and lower part, and described two work planes are bearing among the two hole D1 and D2 of tooth D.Work plane C9 is provided with stopper section (cran) C11 of a formation block, makes progress to stop pin, and is furnished with an inclined-plane C12 in the end of work plane C10, so that the lower end of pin is located among the hole D2 of tooth.

[83] the pin lower area Z1 that exceeds cover has a stop surface C13 and small bore end C14.

[84] the pin length of so determining is big, and can be on the one hand by its top, stretch out it by its underpart on the other hand and be bonded on wherein cover F, shown in Figure 31 and 33.

[85] do not exceed scope of the present invention, described groove C4 can have the horizontal cavern part in its thickness, so that hold instrument.

[86] be necessary to describe the configuration that overlaps F now.Cover F adopts the material with elastic deformability to make.For example, it is made with rubber or polyurethane resin.This cover has a profile that is pyramid, is installed in described cover in its chamber AL that is formed in the adaptive supporting member and changes with convenient.This cover has one and admits the central authorities of pin C to run through opening F1.Be furnished with a material thickening part (sur-é paisseur) F1-2 on preceding inner surface F1-1, described material thickening part will be subjected to the elastic space of described pin extruding when representing to insert pin.The last shape F2 of portion of its front surface and the following shape F3 of portion are arranged to: they reserve a vacancy in the seat chamber AL of adaptive supporting member, so that can make described material thickened section expansion when pin extrded material thickened section F1-2.

[87] be furnished with the variable protruding F1-3 of quantity on the side inner surface of passage F1, these projectioies are corresponding to the projection that is arranged on the pin side surface, and the shape of the respective recesses portion C 5 of its shape and pin is adaptive.

[88] the back inner surface is represented with F1-4 and is that line is straight.Its effect is to guide described pin when inserting pin.The height placement of cover becomes its its continuously zone line Z2 of depression and bossing C5-C15 that has corresponding to pin.

[89], can make it to be provided with from the teeth outwards a metal sheet for ease of the slippage of pin C on thickened section F1-2.

[90] therefore according to the present invention, pin---this pin is connected to described tooth by its contact in perforation---also is furnished with an elastic supporting piece on its side surface C15 and C16, and this elastic supporting piece tightly is held on the side surface F1.5 and F1.6 of cover F.

[91] pin and sleeve of the present invention need be carried out special configuration to tooth and adapter.Be illustrated referring now to Figure 26 to 30.

[92] as for adapter, it has a vertical openings that is used to admit the pyramid configuration of cover.Tooth has a last hole D1 who is used to insert pin, and the described pore area of going up is widened part D12-D13, described widen working portion that part is used to allow demounting tool by and touch each different groove C4.In addition, the described part of widening has the straight tiltedly profile D12.1-D13.1 of a line, and described profile is used for constituting a rear support base portion when demounting tool moves pivotally.The lower part of tooth D have that the lower end that makes pin passes through one by hole D2, should have a fovea superior region D 2.1 by hole D2, this fovea superior zone is corresponding to the support region of territory, the area in which the goods are in great demand C13 that forms base, connects that part is represented with D2.2 and its admits the final end of selling down.

[93] should narrate embodiments of the invention and working condition thereof since then.

[94] mounting method of pin and sleeve is as follows.Cover F is inserted among its chamber AL of adaptive supporting member A (seeing Figure 26) in advance, and since accordingly pyramidal shape be held.Tooth D installation in position is about to tooth and is inserted on the adapter, sells then by means of a hammer and presses insertion.Because the special arrangement mode of pin, described pin can not be placed upside down.The wedge-type shape of pin is convenient to it and is inserted, and the while is the regional F1-2 of extruded sleeve F gradually.Therefore, essential insertion force also is progressive, and only reaches maximum in the final position.When stop surface C13 meets the surperficial D2-1 of tooth, promptly arrive the final position.This stop surface D2-1 indentation much arranges, thereby even also exists all the time under the situation of the external surface serious wear of tooth.Even the position of tooth is offset forward with respect to its adaptive supporting member, inclined-plane C12 also allows pin to enter into perforation D2.Pin is because its continuous projection and sunk area, therefore centered and is maintained in the complimentary recess and elevated regions of cover.Overlap selected material because its elastic deformability, can the elevated regions of pin the elevated regions opposite brute force of cover by the time take place folding or extruding.By after, the side elevated regions of cover recovers its initial position, and is fixed in the sunk area of pin.After the installation, then be in the installation situation shown in Figure 31 and 32.

When [95] using during operation, situation is as follows.Pin forms the reaction force that promotes described pin after one day to the extruding that applies of thickened section F1-2 of cover, and the work plane C9 and the C10 of pin be bearing on the rear portion of perforation D1 and D2, and therefore described tooth is securely held on its supporting member.The extruding that described thickened section F1-2 is applied causes described resilient sleeve distortion, and described resilient sleeve is owing to pressed and be tending towards elongation, and occupies the close regional F2 that reserves among the chamber AL of adaptive supporting member and the vacancy of F3.Owing to be pushed backward pin C, the applying of this extruding also forms a supporting force on the back inner surface F1-4 of cover.For fear of reaction from surperficial F1-4---it can be inclined to pushing pin forward and correspondingly reduce confining force to tooth, and pin is furnished with its clearance C 8 that contacts with surperficial F1-4 of elimination, thereby described surperficial F1-4 can not transmit a reaction again.

[96] regardless of the top-down pressure at right angle of ground works material and other pressure, fix in view of lock on the stop surface D2-1 of tooth pin, thereby being held in place by deviating to be guaranteed by the bottom of connecting of duration of work pin.For fear of the danger that material pressure from bottom to top causes occurring, for possible being deviate from by the top, the safety of pin is guaranteed in many ways.

[97] a) area of the following through hole D2-2 of tooth expressly is provided with very for a short time (seeing Figure 29), can enter quite slightly by the material that is pressed on the pin termination thereby allow, and the cross section of selling the termination simultaneously is also very little, therefore can only bear low thrust.

[98] b) keep being based upon on the very big area by the formed bilateral type of the sunk area C5 of protruding F1-3 stop pin of cover.On the other hand, the extruding to thickened section F1-2 has influence on the whole material that is positioned at its adjacent domain.This just situation: greatly hardening of protruding F1-3, and in the sunk part C5 of pin, form very firm locking.

[99] advantageously, this configuration of the protruding F1-3 of cover and the sunk part C5 of pin has such characteristics: it arranges with the horizontal axis of assembly with paralleling, thereby for pin is reserved degree of freedom arbitrarily promptly: (niveau d ' enfoncement), pin makes its position reach or retreats according to the insertion level of tooth on its adaptive supporting member.Stepwise projection F1-3 forms and can avoid the whole direct unexpected ladder type that breaks away to keep.This ladder type keeps can be only by being set up with each corresponding rank of level F1-3.

[100] although if foregoing, pin still unexpectedly is tending towards raising, because the mechanically actuated personnel are visible fully to this pin, therefore is easy to described pin is inserted again in place concerning operating personnel, and does not damage the danger of tooth.

[101] c) under extreme case, still have such selection: the rear portion at pin is provided with retainer C11 in upper area, and described retainer C11 can form another block that stops any rising of pin.

[102] will narrate the dismounting mode of selling now.

[103] by means of a conventional tool that forms control stick screwdriver for example, therefore operate in the position that is easy to enter from the top, described tool support is on the surperficial D1-2-1 and D1-3-1 of passage D1-2 and D1-3, by among the groove C4 below two protruding C2 and C3 in place and among the follow-up groove C4 and can lifting play described pin, and this be by one on the straight part of described line the rear support effect and the rotation of the instrument of pin rising is realized.Be enough to make the solid and cut-out of the complementation that forms on cover and the pin to be separated from the active force on the instrument.

[104] height of protruding C2 and C3 is expressly very big, so that under the situation of the upper surface heavy wear of tooth, still have enough materials to be used to make control stick to act on as described above on pin.

[105] solution of the present invention's proposition is: because there are complementarity in projection on the side surface F15-F16 of the side surface C15-C16 of pin and cover and depression shape portion, utilize an elasticity to be fastenedly connected and form between pin and sleeve and firmly connect, this solution can solve the problem that tooth is pivoted and controlled with respect to adapter nose that is proposed.Pin-grip assembly forms a black box, and it adds permanent tooth-adapter and connects, and the possibility of restriction pivot.This is of the present invention one big superiority.

[106] if at force majeure in particular cases, above-mentioned disassembly procedure can not be finished, the possibility that then still has effect by from bottom to top, extracts pin from the following through hole D2-2 of tooth.Be furnished with at pin under the situation of the stopper section C11 that forms block, demounting tool no longer needs to finish simple vertical moving, but should guarantee also that at the beginning one breaks away from the control stick effect forward of block C11.

[107] superiority of this pin connection device of the present invention is very outstanding, and stresses pin in particular and be easy to installation and removal, pays attention to simultaneously whole device maintenance and security limitations condition in use fully.In addition, sell and be enclosed within tooth-adapter connector and be protected fully.

[108] therefore, the pin fundamental difference that the working condition of pin and patent US 4727663 propose, and consequent feature has been guaranteed its quality.

[109] according to the application, integrated concept connects by pin gives such ability: even the insertion position of tooth on adaptive supporting member changes, also can apply one tooth remained on bigger variable confining force on the adapter.This confining force applies powerful extruding by the elastomeric material surplus to cover and produces.

[110] generally speaking, two essential characteristics have been implemented in such coupling assembling---its combination, that is to say and will combine at the complementary support region of adaptive shaping on the adapter nose and on the pin connection device---can guarantee that its purposes is better than prior art greatly, although there are various multidirectional power also can limit the wearing and tearing that tooth and adapter are caused simultaneously.

Claims

1. the coupling assembling that is used for the public works plant equipment, it carries out the connection of wearing terrain on support tool, the coupling assembling of described type comprises a pin (C) that carries out assembling between a tooth (D) and the adapter (A), this pin is the location vertically, described pin fits in one and adopts in the admittance cover (F) that elastomeric material makes, described tooth and adapter are equipped with opening and supporting and stopper area, so that permission pin-grip assembly inserts and described pin-grip assembly is kept, it is characterized in that:

Described pin has a pyramid main body (C1), thereby makes this pin have the chock effect;

Described pin be equipped with three reserved areas (Z1, Z2, Z3): a zone line (Z2), it is used to engage and cooperates with described cover; Another upper area (Z3), it stretches out from described cover, and is provided with the parts that hold and locate a demounting tool; With another lower area (Z1), it is used for being bonded on the lower part of the formation base of described tooth;

Described pin part therebetween has a plurality of horizontal zones (C4) that instrument holds that are used on its side surface, described horizontal zone (C4) is prolonged by sunk area that replaces (C5) and elevated regions (C15), described sunk area (C5) and elevated regions (C15) can with a plurality of complementary projection zone and the sunk area (F13 that are arranged in the described cover, F15) match, adaptive and fixing to guarantee;

Described tooth is provided with a last hole (D1) of widening, and the described hole of going up allows to insert described pin, and allows the location and operate an instrument that is used for disengage peg;

And described pin and sleeve has complementary shape portion, and described complementary shape portion is used for introducing and the insertion position according to the difference of described tooth on described adaptive supporting member, and described pin joint is contained in the described cover.

2. coupling assembling according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described adapter (A) is furnished with a chamber (AL), this chamber is used to admit described resilient sleeve (F), and described tooth (D) has: one is used to insert the last hole (D1) of described pin (C), and it has and is used for passage (D1.2) that described pin demounting tool enters and (D1.3); Once hole (D2), it has a stopper section (D2.1) and connects part (D2.2);

The described part of widening has the straight oblique profile (D12.1-D13.1) of a line, and described oblique profile is used for constituting a rear support base portion when described demounting tool moves pivotally;

And described pin has a pyramid main body (C1), thereby makes this pin have the chock effect by a circular rear surface that contacts with the hole of described tooth (D).

3. coupling assembling according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that:

Described pin (C) thereon part (Z3), on each of described two side surfaces, have: a projection (C2-C3), it has the function that holds with the described instrument of rear support; And one or more continuous horizontal grooves (C4), it is used to allow the parts of the end edge portion location of described demounting tool to be spaced apart along described;

At least upper groove exposes from described cover (F), and is in the insertion space or insertion opening that forms on the described tooth;

And when described pin was in place, described one or more follow-up grooves were arranged in the inner space of described cover partly.

4. according to each described coupling assembling in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that:

The mid portion of described pin (Z2) is on described two surfaces and have one or more sunk areas (C5) below, alternately by elevated regions (C15) separately, described depression and elevated regions (C5-C15) are arranged in the plane of a level on described side surface described sunk area (C5);

Described depression and elevated regions (C5-C15) have a complementary profile, the configuration of this complementation profile is similar to the configuration that has a series of complimentary recess and elevated regions (F13-F15) in the part in the described cover (F), and is in place in described cover thereby described pin can assemble and lock;

And described cover adopts the material with elastic deformability to make, thereby guarantees that described pin firmly is connected in the described cover.

5. according to each described coupling assembling in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that the lower area that stretches out described cover (Z1) of described pin has a stop surface (C13) and small bore end (C14).

6. according to each described coupling assembling in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that:

The front surface of described pin (C6) is that line is straight, and ends at a radius or inclined-plane (C7) at described lower area;

The rear surface of described pin has an indentation zone (C8), this zone (C8) is with respect to described two work planes (C9) and (C10) indentation, this two work planes (C9) and (C10) be arranged in the upper and lower of described pin, they be bearing in two holes (D1) of described tooth (D) and (D2) in;

And, described work plane (C9) is provided with the stopper section (C11) of a formation block, so that the described pin of locking makes progress, and be provided with an inclined-plane (C12) in the end of described work plane (C10), with the lower end installation in position of convenient described pin in the hole of described tooth (D2).

7. according to each described coupling assembling in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that:

Described cover (F) adopts the material with elastic deformability to make, and has the outer shape that is pyramid, this cover is installed in it is formed in the seat chamber (AL) on the described adaptive supporting member with convenient, and convenient described cover is changed;

And, described cover has one and admits the central authorities of described pin (C) to run through opening (F1), and on the preceding inner surface (F1-1) of described cover, this cover has a material thickened section (F1-2), and described material thickened section is illustrated in the elastic space that will be subjected to this pin extruding when described pin inserts.

8. coupling assembling according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the last shape portion (F2) and the following shape portion (F3) of the front surface of described cover are arranged to: they reserve a vacancy in the seat chamber (AL) of described adaptive supporting member, so that when described material thickened section is subjected to the extruding of described pin, allow this material thickened section (F1-2) expansion.

9. according to claim 7 or 8 described coupling assemblings, it is characterized in that:

On the inner surface of the passage (F1) of described cover, be furnished with variable projection of quantity (F1-3) and sunk part (F1-5), and described projection and sunk part are corresponding to projection on the side surface that is arranged in described pin and sunk part, and its shape matches with the shape of the respective recesses part (C5) of described pin;

Described back inner surface (F1-4) is that line is straight;

And the height placement of described cover becomes its zone line (Z2) corresponding to described pin, and the zone line of described pin has its continuous depression and bossing (C5-C15).