CN101091046A - Method and device for controlling injection of fuel for marine diesel engine - Google Patents

Method and device for controlling injection of fuel for marine diesel engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101091046A
CN101091046A CNA2005800449325A CN200580044932A CN101091046A CN 101091046 A CN101091046 A CN 101091046A CN A2005800449325 A CNA2005800449325 A CN A2005800449325A CN 200580044932 A CN200580044932 A CN 200580044932A CN 101091046 A CN101091046 A CN 101091046A
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China
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diesel engine
marine diesel
fuel injection
rotating speed
fuelinjection nozzle
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CN101091046B (en
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大津皓平
伊藤雅则
清水悦郎
广濑典树
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University of Tokyo NUC
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University of Tokyo NUC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0047—Layout or arrangement of systems for feeding fuel
    • F02M37/007—Layout or arrangement of systems for feeding fuel characterised by its use in vehicles, in stationary plants or in small engines, e.g. hand held tools
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
    • F02D29/02—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving vehicles; peculiar to engines driving variable pitch propellers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D31/00—Use of speed-sensing governors to control combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D31/001—Electric control of rotation speed
    • F02D31/007—Electric control of rotation speed controlling fuel supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
    • F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
    • F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
    • F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
    • F02D41/2477—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by the method used for learning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/32—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/04—Feeding by means of driven pumps
    • F02M37/08—Feeding by means of driven pumps electrically driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F02D2041/1413—Controller structures or design
    • F02D2041/1415—Controller structures or design using a state feedback or a state space representation
    • F02D2041/1416—Observer

Abstract

A method and a device for controlling the injection of a fuel for a marine diesel engine for controlling the marine diesel engine so as to match a loading state at a time point when the fuel is injected. The method comprises a step for measuring, by a prescribed number of times, the fuel injection amount and the rotational speed of the marine diesel engine at prescribed time intervals and inputting the measurements, a step for obtaining a relational expression fulfilling the requirement of a relation between the fuel injection amount and the rotational speed of the marine diesel engine, a step for calculating, by using the relational expression, the fuel injection amount (uk) to be injected at present when the rotational speed of the marine diesel engine is set to a target rotational speed, and a step for controlling the opening of the fuel injection valve of the marine diesel engine so as to match the calculated present fuel injection amount.

Description

Injection of fuel for marine diesel engine controlling method and device thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of injection of fuel for marine diesel engine controlling method and device thereof.
Particularly, the invention relates to a kind of fuel injection control device and device thereof of marine diesel engine, state for the high capacity that periodically occurs in the marine diesel engine, low load, can carry out the fuel injection control of the correct coupling of load condition of the marine diesel engine when spraying, thereby the rotating speed of marine diesel engine is maintained on the constant rotational speed with fuel.
Background technique
In general, boats and ships are term of voyage on the ocean, can be subjected to the influence of ripple and the swing of hull, is to navigate by water under the situation that is subjected to the cycle resistance.Therefore, the marine diesel oil chance periodically is under high load condition and the low load condition.
Under the situation of boats and ships, different with road vehicles, in cruising, keep certain speed with it, not as the rotating speed with marine diesel engine maintains on the constant rotational speed, this is better for marine diesel engine.
In the past, for the rotating speed with marine diesel engine maintains on the constant rotational speed, injection was controlled to fuel.
Fig. 3 shows the fuel injection control system of marine diesel engine in the past.
As shown in Figure 3, fuel injection control system 31 in the past has: as marine diesel engine 32, Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism 33 and the fuel injection amount control mechanism 34 of controlling object.
Fuel injection control system 31 has: be arranged near the running shaft 35 of marine diesel engine 32, be used to detect the 1st sensor 36 of marine diesel engine 32 rotating speeds; And the 2nd sensor 38 that is used to detect Fuelinjection nozzle 37 apertures (being actually the piston amount of movement of oil hydraulic cylinder 39) of marine diesel engine 32.
Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism 33 has: the oil hydraulic cylinder 39 of driving fuel injection valve 37; Switchably the formed isolation ward 41 in piston 40 both sides of oil hydraulic cylinder 39 is supplied with the servomechanism 42 of hydraulic pressure; Supply with the oil hydraulic pump 43 of compressed oil; And will control the driver 44 that inputs to servomechanism 42 with signal.
Oil hydraulic pump 43 is connected with the running shaft 35 of marine diesel engine 32, and the part of the power by running shaft 35 drives.
Oil hydraulic pump 43 35 rotations of the running shaft by marine diesel engine 32 all the time when the rotating speed of marine diesel engine 32 is high, from relief valve 45 dischargings, and are sent the oil of too pressurization back to fuel tank.
Fuel injection amount control mechanism 34 has: import as the marine diesel engine setting rotating speed of target rotational speed and the rotating speed of the marine diesel engine 32 that detects by the 1st sensor 36, and export the 1st controller 47 of a control signal of the target aperture that is used for Fuelinjection nozzle; Input is from control signal of above-mentioned the 1st controller 47 and signal from Fuelinjection nozzle 37 apertures of the 2nd sensor 38, the 2nd controller 48 of the secondary control signal that the actual aperture that output makes Fuelinjection nozzle 37 and the target aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle are mated.
Above-mentioned fuel injection control system 31 in the past, 47 inputs of the 1st controller are set rotating speed and are passed through the rotating speed of the marine diesel engine of the 1st sensor 36 detections, and it is compared, when the rotating speed of marine diesel engine is higher than under the situation of setting rotating speed, the control signal that output diminishes the aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle, rotating speed at marine diesel engine is lower than under the situation of setting rotating speed, and output makes the aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle become a big control signal.
An above-mentioned control signal inputs to servomechanism 42 by driver 44, servomechanism 42 according to control signal with the isolation ward 41 of hydraulic pressure supply to oil hydraulic cylinder 39.
The 2nd sensor 38 detects the piston amount of movement of oil hydraulic cylinder 39, inputs to the 2nd controller 48.The aperture of 48 pairs of target fuel injection amount of the 2nd controller and Fuelinjection nozzle compares, under the situation of the target aperture that does not reach Fuelinjection nozzle, driver 44 outputs of Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism 33 are further opened the secondary control signal of Fuelinjection nozzle; And when Fuelinjection nozzle is opened greater than the target aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle, the secondary control signal that makes the Fuelinjection nozzle throttling is exported to the driver 44 of Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism 33.
As mentioned above, the fuel injection control system of marine diesel engine in the past, detect the load condition of marine diesel engine by the rotating speed of marine diesel engine, if rotating speed reduces, then big by the aperture that increases Fuelinjection nozzle, increase rotating speed, if rotating speed improves, then, limit rotating speed by reducing the aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle.
Yet, as mentioned above, in the ocean, boats and ships are subjected to resistance periodically, the marine diesel oil chance periodically is under high load condition and the low load condition, thereby, utilize above-mentioned fuel injection control in the past, can there be following situation: when opening Fuelinjection nozzle, become low load condition, or opposite, when making the Fuelinjection nozzle throttling, become high load condition.
In other words, fuel injection control in the past is under the situation of the actual loading state that lags behind marine diesel engine, carries out the control of fuel injection amount, is in the fuel injection control that lags behind all the time, has reduced fuel efficiency.
In addition, in fact residing high load condition, the emitted dose deficiency of fuel, and for residing low load condition, the emitted dose of fuel is too much again, so, the rhythmic load of effect on the component parts of diesel engine, this is not desirable.
In addition, conventional art directly is connected with the running shaft of marine diesel engine and is driven this respect at oil pressure pump 9, also exists variety of issue.
Fuel injection control system in the past in order to open Fuelinjection nozzle when the rotating speed of marine diesel engine reduces, is set the form that some allowance ground drives oil pressure pump for.
Therefore, when the rotating speed of marine diesel engine rose, oil pressure pump can rotate with exceeding the quata and apply high pressure, so oil returns fuel tank so that discharge too much pressure from relief valve.That is to say that utilize fuel injection control system in the past, oil pressure pump can too rotate periodically, consequently, oil returns fuel tank from relief valve, so that discharge too much pressure.Therefore, not only can cause the driving efficiency degradation of oil pressure pump, because high temperature oil is returned fuel tank, so, can cause oily deterioration, in order to suppress the rising of temperature, just need fuel tank to maximize.
In addition, because the running shaft of marine diesel engine drives oil pressure pump all the time, so the fuel mileage of marine diesel engine also can reduce.
Summary of the invention
In view of the existing problem of above-mentioned conventional art, the problem that the present invention will solve is, provide high capacity and the low load condition of the marine diesel engine that a kind of measurable periodicity occurs, the fuel injection control device and the fuel injection control system of the marine diesel engine that the mode of can the load condition with burner oil the time mating is controlled.
In addition, a kind of fuel injection control of the load condition coupling when realizing with above-mentioned burner oil is provided, simultaneously, can solve the fuel injection control system of the marine diesel engine of caused problem on the running shaft that above-mentioned oil pressure pump is directly connected to marine diesel engine.
Japan special permission open communique spy open in clear 62-26503 (1987) number communique, disclosed a kind of rotating speed that detects marine diesel engine, makes the control signal of above-mentioned Fuelinjection nozzle 37 multiply by the technology of the given parameter that is determined by above-mentioned rotating speed.
This technology relates at weather condition propeller cavitation when abominable and is exposed to and makes racing of propeller on the sea and phenomenon that rotating speed excessively rises, suppresses the technology of the rotation of above-mentioned propeller cavitation by above-mentioned parameter.In Japanese Utility Model application for registration (real public clear 63-42836 (1988) number), put down in writing the fuel injection amount regulating device that is similar to Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism of the present invention.
The fuel injection control device of marine diesel engine of the present invention,
With the given time lag, the rotating speed of fuel injection amount and marine diesel engine is carried out the instrumentation of given number of times and imports instrumentation result's step;
Obtain the step that satisfies with the following approximate expression of the relation of the rotating speed of the fuel injection amount of described given number of times instrumentation and marine diesel engine,
y k＝G(y i，u j)(i＝k-1，...，k-n，j＝k，...，k-n)
Y: the rotating speed of marine diesel engine,
U: fuel injection amount,
K: the order that control (constantly)
N: the number of times of the instrumentation of the rotating speed of the employed marine diesel engine that carries out before this and fuel injection amount in the calculating under the order that control;
Under being constant situation, the speed setting with marine diesel engine calculates the current fuel injection amount (u that should spray according to described approximate expression k) step; And
Aperture to the Fuelinjection nozzle of marine diesel engine is controlled, so as with the step of the described current fuel injection amount coupling of calculating.
Above-mentioned approximate expression can be made of following formula,
y k＝a 1y k-1+a 2y k-2+...+b 0u k+b 1u k-1+b 2u k-2+...
a m, b n: coefficient.
The fuel injection control system of marine diesel engine of the present invention comprises:
Make the Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism of the Fuelinjection nozzle switching of marine diesel engine;
Control the fuel injection amount control mechanism of the action of described Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism;
Be used to detect the 1st sensor of the rotating speed of described marine diesel engine; And
Be used to detect the 2nd sensor of the aperture of described Fuelinjection nozzle,
Described fuel injection amount control mechanism, import respectively from the rotating speed of the described marine diesel engine of described the 1st sensor and described the 2nd sensor and the aperture of described Fuelinjection nozzle with the given time lag, obtain and satisfy the following approximate expression of counting the relation of the rotating speed of marine diesel engine of instrumentation and Fuelinjection nozzle with described given sudden strain of a muscle
y k＝G(y i，u j)(i＝k-1，...，k-n，j＝k，...，k-n)
Y: the rotating speed of marine diesel engine,
U: fuel injection amount,
K: the order that control (constantly),
N: the number of times of the instrumentation of the rotating speed of the employed marine diesel engine that carries out before this and fuel injection amount in the calculating under the order that control,
Under being certain situation, the speed setting with marine diesel engine calculates the current fuel injection amount (u that should spray according to described approximate expression k), above-mentioned Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism is controlled, so that mate with above-mentioned current fuel injection amount of calculating.
Above-mentioned approximate expression can be made of following formula,
y k＝a 1y k-1+a 2y k-2+...+b 0u k+b 1u k-1+b 2u k-2+...
a m, b n: coefficient.
Above-mentioned Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism comprises: the oil hydraulic cylinder of driving fuel injection valve; Switchably the formed isolation ward in the piston both sides of described oil hydraulic cylinder is supplied with the one-way valve mechanism of hydraulic pressure; The liquid of pressurization is supplied to the two-way pump of the band motor of described isolation ward by described one-way valve mechanism; And the driver of controlling described two-way pump action.
Above-mentioned fuel injection amount control mechanism comprises:
Input is set rotating speed, the rotating speed of marine diesel engine by described the 1st sensor and the data of the Fuelinjection nozzle aperture by described the 2nd sensor as the marine diesel engine of rotating speed of target, and exports the 1st controller of a control signal of the target aperture that is used for Fuelinjection nozzle; And
Input is from control signal of described the 1st controller and signal from the Fuelinjection nozzle aperture of described the 2nd sensor, the 2nd controller of the secondary control signal that the aperture that output makes Fuelinjection nozzle and the target aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle are mated.
The fuel injection control device of marine diesel engine of the present invention and fuel injection control system, carry out the instrumentation of given number of times and import the instrumentation result with the rotating speed of given interval, determine the relation of the rotating speed of fuel injection amount and marine diesel engine fuel injection amount and marine diesel engine.
The relation of the rotating speed of fuel injection amount and marine diesel engine is,
y k＝G(y i，u j)(i＝k-1，...，k-n，j＝k，...，k-n)
Y: the rotating speed of marine diesel engine,
U: fuel injection amount,
K: the order that control (constantly),
N: the number of times of the instrumentation of the rotating speed of the employed marine diesel engine that carries out before this and fuel injection amount in the calculating under the order that control.
Owing to comprise the relation of the rotating speed of the fuel injection amount that obtains with given number of times (n) before the moment that will control and marine diesel engine in the relation, so, can under the situation of the relation of the change of the rotating speed of having considered fuel injection amount and marine diesel engine, control fuel injection amount.
That is to say,, can with the load condition coupling ground of marine diesel engine fuel injection amount be controlled, so that the rotating speed when making burner oil is certain according to the relation of the fuel injection amount and the rotating speed in past according to the present invention.Therefore, not the load condition ground control fuel injection amount that lags behind the marine diesel engine of change, but can carry out the injection control of more effective fuel.
In other words, under the situation that hull rolls repeatedly or pitches when at sea normally moving, propeller cavitation changes with the constant time lag (time series parameter) at marine state, like this, causes load change, and the rotating speed of marine diesel engine also can change.
The present invention carries out the instrumentation of the scheduled time to above-mentioned rotating speed change, and infers its regularity according to the relation of above-mentioned rotating speed change with fuel injection amount, prediction variable cycle subsequently, with the rotating speed of propeller cavitation be controlled to remain constant.
Owing to can suitably control fuel injection amount, so can reduce the NO in the waste gas X, SO X
According to the present invention, can obtain optimum. fuel injection amount as mentioned above, so can keep the rotating speed of the marine diesel engine of setting.
In addition, according to fuel injection control system of the present invention, the Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism comprises: oil hydraulic cylinder; Switchably the formed isolation ward in the piston both sides of above-mentioned oil hydraulic cylinder is supplied with the one-way valve mechanism of hydraulic pressure; The liquid of pressurization is supplied to the two-way pump of the band motor of above-mentioned isolation ward by above-mentioned one-way valve mechanism; And the driver of controlling above-mentioned two-way pump action, will provide the pump of hydraulic pressure to separate, no matter the rotating speed of marine diesel engine how, can both freely be controlled fuel injection amount with the running shaft of marine diesel engine.
Therefore, as mentioned above, the rotating speed of the marine diesel engine when measurable fuel sprays freely opens and closes the aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle.
In addition, when the marine diesel engine rotating speed reduces, improve the oil pressure pump rotating speed, perhaps opposite, when the marine diesel engine rotating speed increases, reduce the oil pressure pump rotating speed, can make oil pressure pump work identically, can not cause conventional art to return the phenomenon of fuel tank like that from the oil of the pressurization of oil pressure pump with the load condition of marine diesel engine.
According to the fuel injection control system of the present invention that is provided with the 1st controller and the 2nd controller, minimizing is used for the control signal of Fuelinjection nozzle aperture and the difference of the actual aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle, is constant so that keep the rotating speed of marine diesel engine more accurately.
According to the present invention, the 1st controller, setting rotating speed, the actual speed of marine diesel engine and the actual aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle of input marine diesel engine, and output is used for a control signal of Fuelinjection nozzle aperture.
That is to say that the 1st controller utilizes the poor of the setting rotating speed of marine diesel engine and actual speed, calculates necessary Fuelinjection nozzle aperture, and utilize actual aperture poor of the aperture of the Fuelinjection nozzle that calculates and Fuelinjection nozzle, export one time control signal.
The 2nd controller is imported and above-mentionedly is used for the control signal of Fuelinjection nozzle aperture and the actual aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle, and output is used for the secondary control signal of Fuelinjection nozzle aperture.
That is to say, the 2nd controller, the aperture of the Fuelinjection nozzle that input will be opened according to control signal and the actual aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle, and output secondary control signal is to eliminate difference.
Therefore, according to the present invention, in the mode of the difference of the aperture of eliminating the Fuelinjection nozzle that will open according to the control signal that is used for Fuelinjection nozzle and the actual aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle, control, the rotating speed that can keep marine diesel engine more accurately is constant.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the skeleton diagram that the fuel injection control system of the marine diesel engine of expression one embodiment of the present invention constitutes.
Fig. 2 is the figure of the data example of the expression rotating speed that is stored in fuel injection amount in the 1st controller and marine diesel engine.
Fig. 3 is a skeleton diagram of representing the fuel injection control system formation of marine diesel engine in the past.
Embodiment
Below, embodiments of the present invention are described.
Fig. 1 represents the formation of fuel injection control system of the marine diesel engine of one embodiment of the present invention.
The fuel injection control system 1 of Fig. 1 has: as marine diesel engine 2, Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism 3 and the fuel injection amount control mechanism 4 of controlling object.
As sensing system, fuel injection control system 1 has: be arranged near the running shaft 5 of marine diesel engine 2, be used to detect the 1st sensor 6 of marine diesel engine 2 rotating speeds; And the 2nd sensor 8 that is used to detect Fuelinjection nozzle 7 apertures of marine diesel engine 2.The 2nd sensor 8, as mentioned below, preferably, the piston amount of movement of the oil hydraulic cylinder by detecting Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism 3 detects the aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle 7 indirectly, rather than directly detects the aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle 7.
Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism 3 has: the oil hydraulic cylinder 9 of driving fuel injection valve 7; Switchably the formed isolation ward 11 in piston 10 both sides of oil hydraulic cylinder 9 is supplied with the one-way valve mechanism 12 of hydraulic pressure; Working fluid pressurized is supplied to the two-way pump 13 of isolation ward 11 by one-way valve mechanism 12; Drive the motor 14 of two-way pump 13; And the driver 15 of the action of control two-way pump 13 and motor 14.
In the present embodiment, the 2nd sensor 8 is not the aperture that directly detects Fuelinjection nozzle 7, but detects the amount of movement of the piston 10 of oil hydraulic cylinder 9.
One-way valve mechanism 12 is configured to: the flow direction that two one- way valves 16,17 are allowed is opposite each other, and will couple together between the two by pipeline, and is provided with another pipeline that will import from the working fluid of this pipeline outflow the fuel tank.
One upstream side pipeline from one- way valve 16,17 is respectively arranged with the pipeline 19,20 that is used for direct pressurized fluid, another one-way valve is pushed to (opening) to another one-way valve.
Fuel injection amount control mechanism 4 has: input as the marine diesel engine of rotating speed of target set rotating speed, the data of the rotating speed of the marine diesel engine 2 that detects by the 1st sensor 6 and Fuelinjection nozzle 7 apertures that detect by the 2nd sensor 8, and output is used for the 1st controller 21 of a control signal of the target aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle; And input is from control signal of above-mentioned the 1st controller 21 and signal from Fuelinjection nozzle 7 apertures of the 2nd sensor 8, and the 2nd controller 22 of the output actual aperture that makes Fuelinjection nozzle 7 and the target aperture of the Fuelinjection nozzle secondary control signal of mating.
Even the control signal that control signal promptly is used for the aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle 7 with target fuel injection amount inputs to the controller 15 of Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism 3, also be difficult to only pass through the rotation of two-way pump 13, control the aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle 7 exactly, so, except control signal, also control by the secondary control signal, like this, piston amount of movement by the actual oil hydraulic cylinder 9 of the 2nd sensor 8 detections mates the aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle and Fuelinjection nozzle target aperture exactly.
Below, the action of Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism 3 is described.
Motor 14 is by means of the control signal of controller 15, starts, stops, just changeing, counter-rotating etc.Below, be that example describes with the situation in the isolation ward 11 that working fluid pressurized is supplied to oil hydraulic cylinder 9 upsides of Fig. 1.
Two-way pump 13 drives by motor 14, sucks working fluid from fuel tank 18, working fluid pressurized is supplied in the upstream side pipe-line system of one-way valve 16.Pressurized working fluid flows in the isolation ward 11 of oil hydraulic cylinder 9 upsides from the upstream side pipe-line system of one-way valve 16, and piston 10 is pushed downwards.Simultaneously, the working fluid pressurized in the one-way valve 16 upstream side pipe-line systems upwards promotes by the valve body of pipeline 19 with one-way valve 17, opens one-way valve 17.Piston 10 is pushed downwards, and whereby, the working fluid of the isolation ward 11 of oil hydraulic cylinder 9 downsides flows out in the upstream side pipe-line system of one-way valve 17.Because opened one-way valve 17, so the working fluid that flows out in the one-way valve 17 upstream side pipe-line systems flows out in the fuel tank 18 by one-way valve 17.
Working fluid pressurized is supplied under the situation in the isolation ward 11 of oil hydraulic cylinder 9 downsides, carry out the action opposite with above-mentioned effect.
By moving of piston 10, Fuelinjection nozzle 7 is opened and closed via the bar of piston 10.
Below, fuel injection control of the present invention is described, the load condition coupling ground of the marine diesel engine when promptly spraying with fuel carries out the method for fuel injection control.
Fuel injection control system 1 carries out the instrumentation of given number of times and imports the instrumentation result with the rotating speed of given interval to fuel injection amount and marine diesel engine.By the 1st sensor 6 and the 2nd sensor 8, obtain the data of the rotating speed of this fuel injection amount and marine diesel engine.The data of the rotating speed of this fuel injection amount and marine diesel engine correspond to each other, and for example are stored in as shown in Figure 2 in the storage device not shown in the figures of the 1st controller 21.
Between the rotating speed y of fuel injection amount u and marine diesel engine, consider to have the relation of following formula to set up.
y k＝G(y i，u j)(i＝k-1，...，k-n，j＝k，...，k-n)
Y: the rotating speed of marine diesel engine,
U: fuel injection amount,
K: the order that control (constantly),
N: the number of times of the instrumentation of the rotating speed of the employed marine diesel engine that carries out before this and fuel injection amount in the calculating under the order that control,
The G of above-mentioned relation formula represents: the rotating speed of the marine diesel engine under the order (constantly) of the control that carry out rotating speed, the fuel injection amount in past and the current fuel injection amount of preceding marine diesel engine thus limits.
At this,, consider to have following relation to set up as the example of relation G.
y k＝a 1y k-1+a 2y k-2+...+b 0u k+b 1u k-1+b 2u k-2+...
a m, b n: coefficient
If obtain coefficient a, b, just can obtain the rotating speed of the marine diesel engine that causes by current fuel injection amount.
Coefficient a, b are different to each marine diesel engine not only, and, also can change according to the load state of marine diesel engine.Therefore, the 1st controller 21 of fuel injection control system 1, the rotating speed of fuel injection amount and marine diesel engine is imported on the limit as required, and above-mentioned coefficient a, b are calculated in the limit.
With in the rotating speed y substitution above-mentioned relation formula of the fuel injection amount u of Fig. 2 and marine diesel engine the time,
y k＝a 1y k-1+a 2y k-2+...+b 0u k+b 1u k-1+...
y k+1＝a 1y k+a 2y k-1+...+b 0u k+1+b 1u k+...
y k+2＝a 1y k+1+a 2y k+...+b 0u k+2+b 1u k+1+...
Can obtain so a plurality of formulas along with the process of time.From these formulas, can obtain following matrix,
Y = y k y k + 1 y k + 2 . . . = y k - 1 y k - 2 . . . u k u k - 1 . . . y k y k - 1 . . . u k + 1 u k . . . y k + 1 y k . . . u k + 2 u k + 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a 1 a 2 . . . b 0 b 1 . . . = XA
Through behind the time enough, can obtain coefficient matrices A in the following manner.
A＝(X TX) -1X TY
If obtain coefficient matrices A,
Just can from:
y k＝a 1y k-1+a 2y k-2+...+b 0u k+b 1u k-1+b 2u k-2+...
The relation of the rotating speed of the marine diesel engine that obtains current fuel injection amount and cause thus becomes setting rotating speed as target by the rotating speed with marine diesel engine, obtains the current fuel injection amount that should spray.
According to the present invention, can be as fuel injection control in the past, under the situation of the actual loading state that lags behind marine diesel engine, carry out the control of fuel injection amount, but can eject the fuel of suitable emitted dose of the load condition coupling of the marine diesel engine when spraying with fuel, can be more effectively the rotating speed of marine diesel engine be maintained on the rotating speed of target, and, can prevent to lag behind actual load condition and open and close the unsettled thing of the caused diesel engine of Fuelinjection nozzle and take place.Can spray an amount of fuel, so, can reduce the NO in the waste gas of marine diesel engine according to the present invention X, SO X
Further, according to the present invention, because the oil pressure pump of Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism is separated with the running shaft of marine diesel engine, so can be with the oil pressure pump of suitable motivational drive Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism, can prevent fuel injection control system in the past such, for overpressure being discharged and working fluid being taken place from the thing that relief valve returns fuel tank, further realized fuel injection control system compactness.

Claims (6)

1. the fuel injection control device of a marine diesel engine comprises:
With the given time lag, the rotating speed of fuel injection amount and marine diesel engine is carried out the instrumentation of given number of times and imports instrumentation result's step;
Obtain the step that satisfies with the following approximate expression of the relation of the rotating speed of the fuel injection amount of described given number of times instrumentation and marine diesel engine,
y k＝G(y i，u j)(i＝k-1，...，k-n，j＝k，...，k-n)
Y: the rotating speed of marine diesel engine,
U: fuel injection amount,
K: the order that control (constantly)
N: the number of times of the instrumentation of the rotating speed of the employed marine diesel engine that carries out before this and fuel injection amount in the calculating under the order that control;
Under being constant situation, the speed setting with marine diesel engine calculates the current fuel injection amount (u that should spray according to described approximate expression k) step; And
Aperture to the Fuelinjection nozzle of marine diesel engine is controlled, so as with the step of the described current fuel injection amount coupling of calculating.
2. according to the fuel injection control device of the marine diesel engine of claim 1 record, it is characterized in that described approximate expression is made of following formula,
y k＝a 1y k-i+a 2y k-2+...+b 0u k+b 1u k-1+b 2u k-2+...
a m, b n: coefficient.
3. the fuel injection control system of a marine diesel engine is characterized in that, comprising:
Make the Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism of the Fuelinjection nozzle switching of marine diesel engine;
Control the fuel injection amount control mechanism of the action of described Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism;
Be used to detect the 1st sensor of the rotating speed of described marine diesel engine; And
Be used to detect the 2nd sensor of the aperture of described Fuelinjection nozzle,
Described fuel injection amount control mechanism, import respectively from the rotating speed of the described marine diesel engine of described the 1st sensor and described the 2nd sensor and the aperture of described Fuelinjection nozzle with the given time lag, obtain the following approximate expression that satisfies with the relation of the rotating speed of the marine diesel engine of described given number of times instrumentation and Fuelinjection nozzle
y k＝G(y i，u j)(i＝k-1，...，k-n，j＝k，...，k-n)
Y: the rotating speed of marine diesel engine,
U: fuel injection amount,
K: the order that control (constantly),
N: the number of times of the instrumentation of the rotating speed of the employed marine diesel engine that carries out before this and fuel injection amount in the calculating under the order that control,
Calculating at the speed setting with the marine diesel engine in the described approximate expression is the current fuel injection amount (u that should spray under the constant situation k), described Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism is controlled, so that mate with described current fuel injection amount of calculating.
4. according to the fuel injection control system of the marine diesel engine of claim 3 record, it is characterized in that described approximate expression is
y k＝a 1y k-1+a 2y k-2+...+b 0u k+b 1u k-1+b 2u k-2+...
a m, b n: coefficient.
5. according to the fuel injection control system of claim 3 or 4 marine diesel engine of putting down in writing, it is characterized in that described Fuelinjection nozzle switching mechanism comprises: the oil hydraulic cylinder of driving fuel injection valve; Switchably the formed isolation ward in the piston both sides of described oil hydraulic cylinder is supplied with the one-way valve mechanism of hydraulic pressure; The liquid of pressurization is supplied to the two-way pump of the band motor of described isolation ward by described one-way valve mechanism; And the driver of controlling described two-way pump action.
6. according to the fuel injection control system of the marine diesel engine of each record of claim 3～5, it is characterized in that described fuel injection amount control mechanism comprises:
Input is set rotating speed, the rotating speed of marine diesel engine by described the 1st sensor and the data of the Fuelinjection nozzle aperture by described the 2nd sensor as the marine diesel engine of rotating speed of target, and exports the 1st controller of a control signal of the target aperture that is used for Fuelinjection nozzle; And
Input is from control signal of described the 1st controller and signal from the Fuelinjection nozzle aperture of described the 2nd sensor, the 2nd controller of the secondary control signal that the aperture that output makes Fuelinjection nozzle and the target aperture of Fuelinjection nozzle are mated.
CN2005800449325A 2004-11-04 2005-11-04 Method and device for controlling injection of fuel for marine diesel engine Expired - Fee Related CN101091046B (en)

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