CN1010905B - Tunable magnetron - Google Patents
Tunable magnetronInfo
- Publication number
- CN1010905B CN1010905B CN85108472.9A CN85108472A CN1010905B CN 1010905 B CN1010905 B CN 1010905B CN 85108472 A CN85108472 A CN 85108472A CN 1010905 B CN1010905 B CN 1010905B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- action space
- magnetic
- magnetron
- bearing
- space
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneniobium Chemical compound [Nb]#C UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005307 ferromagnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005426 magnetic field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005298 paramagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005408 paramagnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
- H01J23/18—Resonators
- H01J23/20—Cavity resonators; Adjustment or tuning thereof
Landscapes
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a tuned magnetron which comprises a coaxial cathode/anode system, a rotating tuning mechanism and a magnetic circuit, wherein the coaxial cathode/anode system forms an annular vacuum action space. The rotating tuning mechanism is arranged in a vacuum space, two ball bearings are used for supporting the rotating tuning mechanism, and the vacuum space and the action space are mutually communicated. The magnetic circuit is arranged on both sides of the action space to generate an axial magnetic field passing through the action space, and is composed of two magnetic pole pieces. Magnetic flux passes through a rolling bearing abutting to the annular vacuum action space in an axial direction to form a closed loop. At least one rolling body in a bearing which is the most adjacent to the action space is made of nonmagnetic materials, namely nonmagnetic hard metal or ceramic materials to prevent the operation of a rotator from being influenced by magnetic interaction between rolling bodies under the condition of continuous operation, particularly under the condition that the bearing has no holding rings.
Description
The invention relates to a tuned magnetron, it comprises a coaxial male-female electrode systems, and has formed a ring vaccum action space between them; Comprise a mechanical tuning device that can influence the tuning movable part of magnetron frequency that has that rotates and support with rolling bearing, when mechanical tuning device rotated, this movable part changed along its circumference conductivity, thereby made the variation of magnetron frequency generating period.Mechanical tuning device is installed in the space that communicates with action space together with bearing; Also comprise a magnetic circuit of being made up of two magnetic pole pieces that places the action space both sides, produce the axial magnetic field of passing action space with it, magnetic circuit forms the closed-loop path via the rolling bearing of axially going up near action space.
Swedish patent SE-191373 has described this magnetron, for example available it produce the high-frequency impulse of frequency change between arteries and veins.Yet in the application of a lot of these class magnetrons, wish the energy control frequency, so that make transmitted pulse have predetermined accurately frequency.
Particularly when emission accurately predetermined frequency the time, mechanical tuning device is rotating, and therefore the installation that tuning mechanism shaft is held has proposed very harsh requirement.Owing in circuits for triggering, exist time delay inevitably, the tuned frequency at that moment of magnetron emission, just exomonental frequency the emission at that moment before must carry the previous little time interval, based in the instantaneous adjusting of the magnetron frequency at that moment that shifts to an earlier date and the change of frequency speed, be of the change of mechanical tuning device tuning curve, above-mentionedly carry the previous little time interval and can accomplish the difference quotient of time.If but desired to reach the lead of high accuracy, would then require tuning curve very level and smooth, because with respect to any consistency that departs between the frequency that all will damage predetermined tranmitting frequency and actual transmission of above-mentioned smoothed curve.For obtaining expected effect, bearing must demonstrate has well-proportioned frictional force and well-proportioned resistance to rolling.For obtaining suitable working life, its wearing and tearing don't fail to be little in addition.The parts of all productions all should be not have wearing and tearing, otherwise its abrasive dust might be penetrated into action space, even deposit on the activated cathode surface.No matter how difficult condition of work has, refer more particularly to the condition that bearing suffers strong static magnetic field effect and variations in temperature in a vacuum, above-mentioned requirements all must satisfy.
Existing tuned magnetron adopts the support of plain ball bearing as rotary tuning mechanism.Because bearing is to move under vacuum and high temperature, therefore can not carry out oily with general method.Because this difficulty adopts the method that reduces the ball surface pressing, promptly reduce each bead load to minimum method, fact proved that this is necessary, must increase the quantity of bead most possibly for this reason.In the bearing of existing magnetron, cancelled the holding ring of bead, bead rolls at one in interior outer collar bearing like this, even is in direct contact with one another.
Adopt the shortcoming of steel ball be at least near the bearing ball of action space by main magnetostatic field local magnetized, cause bead to form little magnetic couple, when they center on the axle rotation of oneself, magnetizing field is presented different states, and present different mutual inductance states always, thereby between bead, produce the active force that attracts each other or repel mutually that stochastic behaviour is arranged more or less.Existing magnetron, the frequency bandspread with respect to pre-determining frequency not enough and that produce therefrom of tuning curve smoothness ascribed above-mentioned phenomenon to when mechanical tuning device was turned round continuously.Attraction between Interglobular power of attracting each other and bead and the ring causes what is called " adjusting lever slip " (" stick-slip ") effect.It will produce harmful effect to working life.The shortcoming of steel ball shows that also their hardness reduces along with the rising of temperature.This especially will involve, and temperature must be limited in the process that vacuumizes, thereby vacuum degree also will be restricted.
The purpose of this invention is to provide the bearing arrangement that the tuned magnetron mechanical tuning device uses, it has alleviated the defective that existing magnetron bearing arrangement exists.
According to the present invention, in tuned magnetron, pendent proposition above-mentioned, the rolling element that can adopt nonmagnetic substance to do rolling bearing solves, and this can eliminate owing to the magnetic induction between the rolling element influences the phenomenon that rotating mechanism rotates.Agglomerated material just is suitable for doing this material.
According to the present invention, at first can make tuning curve level and smooth, and the accuracy of frequency lead is also than having the higher of magnetron now, and will eliminate fully and rely in the ordinary steel bearing because the frictional force of so-called " adjusting lever slip " magnetic action that effect produces, this will cause the wearing and tearing of height to reach the longer life-span.
The bearing element that all match comprises rolling element and inner and outer ring, all can adopt nonmagnetic substance, vacuum pump can still can be operated on higher temperature, thereby might reach higher vacuum degree.
In the embodiment of a recommendation, nonmagnetic substance is non magnetic hard metal, i.e. sintered hard alloy.Basic hard metal includes as the tungsten carbide of hard component with as the cobalt of bond, can also derive the hard metal of other from above-mentioned basic hard metal.Make bond with cobalt, can make all these hard metals have ferromagnetism.In some special application, very harsh requirement is proposed rigidity against corrosion.Most of cobalt bond enough other materials of energy such as nickel alloy replace.All these comprise nickel alloy or similar material makes the hard metal of bond and has non-magnetic characteristic, or the paramagnetism feature is arranged slightly, goes in the occasion that they all may be used on discussing at present.
In another embodiment, non magnetic agglomerated material is a ceramic material, i.e. silicon nitride or aluminum oxide.The advantage of ceramic material is in light weight, and therefore centrifugal force is little when the mechanical tuning device adjustment is rotated, thereby it is little to wear and tear, and inertia is also little.
According to observations, the turbine bearing in the aircraft propulsion engine has been recommended to use Ceramic Balls to replace steel ball.Here bearing neither is operated in the vacuum, also is not operated in the magnetic field.Use the purpose of Ceramic Balls only to be to obtain more effective propelling and obtain higher efficient by the speed of higher temperature and Geng Gao, as long as adopt Ceramic Balls, above-mentioned purpose all is to reach, and then make oil injecting lubricating easier, yet the technology of these recommendations is not expressed the solution of the particular problem in the present magnetron.
For the situation that supports its rotating anode X-ray tube with ball bearing also is well-known, at least bead is made of pottery there, can be referring to DE-GM-7232284, or make of hard metal, can be referring to DE-OS-2215370, DE-OS-2800854 and USP-3720853.Yet the back hard metal of this usefulness is made the situation of bearing ball, generally do not think that the hard metal of indication should be non magnetic.Because the selection of material is only relevant with actual operating conditions herein, to meets the condition of bearing working here exactly, and not be subjected to the effect of strong static magnetic field at vacuum and high temperature.Therefore there is not to occur in the magnetron the most basic problem that solves by the present invention.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is illustrated now.Accompanying drawing 1 is a part sectioned view of simplifying by magnetron of the present invention.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are that amplify the part of Fig. 1, and with the magnetic flux line with COMPUTER CALCULATION.Fig. 2 represents the situation that ball bearing is made with ordinary steel.Fig. 3 represents to suppose simultaneously that by the situation of ball bearing of the present invention with the nonmagnetic substance manufacturing magnetron is rotational symmetric to the O axle.
Basic number among the figure (10) is an anode system, and it is made up of anode block (11) and the spoke shape anode block (12) that is divided into fan-shaped tuning cavity each other.(13) be negative electrode with feed-through (14), (15) be the pole that links to each other with permanent magnetic field (not shown), (16) and (17) be the magnetic pole piece that the action space (18) that constitutes between by negative electrode and positive plate produces axial magnetic field, (19) be out groove in spoke shape anode block outermost end, in this groove, an end of cylindrical shape mechanical tuning device link with two ball bearings (21) and (22) rotatably rest on the cylindrical shape carrier (24) on the fixed center axis (23).Mechanical tuning device is made by conductive material and can be changed along its peripheral conductivity, and for example, perforate or dentation slit above that part of in it puts in groove like this, when mechanical tuning device rotates, will cause that magnetron is periodically tuning.Mechanical tuning device (20), carrier (24) and ball bearing (21) and (22) together are installed in the evacuated space (25), and latter's same-action space (18) communicates but is separated by with the vacuum seal cover and the external world.Except that anode block (11) and magnetic pole piece (15), sealing shroud also comprises cylinder (26) and cover plate (27).With tuner (not shown)-motor or magnetic coupler, can make mechanical tuning device be in the position, angle of requirement or the state that rotates continuously.
Fig. 2 is the amplification of Fig. 1 and has the magnetic flux line F that uses COMPUTER CALCULATION, ball bearing ordinary steel material.For the purpose of clear, mechanical tuning device (20) and the anode block (12) made with nonmagnetic substance (Fig. 1) omit in Fig. 2.It should be noted that and only have only the part of whole magnetic flux to pass through action space.Ball bearing (21) near action space is penetrated by intensity magnetic field, makes steel ball form little permanent magnet or magnetic couple, causes the increase of magnetic interaction.The bead interphase interaction increases on the one hand, and the interaction between ball and the bearer ring also increases on the other hand.Therefore, in the time of continuous running, will cause irregular rotation.
Fig. 3 is the same with Fig. 2, is made by nonmagnetic substance at the bead of this bearing (21) lining, and consequently the magnetic leakage flux by bearing (21) obviously descends.Except that leakage flux reduces, adopt nonmagnetic substance also to have some advantages, be exactly that all will be disappeared by the frictional force that magnetic attraction causes, thereby prolong working life.Under the situation of running continuously, rotation will be stably, and the accuracy of predetermined frequency also will increase.If all beads and bearer ring are all manufactured by the nonmagnetic substance with high heat resistance, then when the vacuum pump work, allow temperature rise to increase, vacuum degree will be improved.
In the embodiment that recommends, nonmagnetic substance ball or might whole ball bearing all is non magnetic hard metal, promptly non magnetic sintered hard alloy.As the hard composition, hard metal comprises the tungsten carbide alloy, yet it more or less can enough other carbide alloy generations and for it, as titanium carbide (TiC), ramet (TaC) or niobium carbide (NbC).Be commonly used for the bond cobalt of hard alloy, most of available nickel alloy replaces.The hard metal of making bond with cobalt is a magnetic, and is non-magnetic with nickel alloy actually as the hard metal of bond, or a paramagnetic properties is arranged slightly.
In another embodiment, ball or ball bearing are all manufactured with the nonmagnetic substance pottery, and for example, it can be nitriding silicon or aluminum oxide.
In addition, a kind of possible nonmagnetic substance is an austenitic stainless steel, its surface applied titanium carbide alloy, nitriding titanium or other materials similar.Also available other nonmagnetic substance such as potassium steel or manganese steel, Hayne or beryllium-bronze if magnetron remains operating in cryogenic conditions, even crystalline material is also available.
Especially for the ball bearing that does not have holding ring, bead is leisurely and carefree to roll between interior outer collar bearing, when operation, can contact each other, if the ball nonmagnetic substance will bring a lot of benefits, that is exactly when mechanical tuning device turns round continuously, tuning curve will be level and smooth, and particularly this will cause higher predetermined frequency precision.
Also can adopt the rolling bearing of other types to replace ball bearing.
Claims (5)
1, tuned magnetron, it comprises a coaxial cloudy anode system, and has constituted a ring vaccum action space between them; Comprise a mechanical tuning device that can influence the tuning movable part of magnetron frequency that has that rotates and support with rolling bearing, when mechanical tuning device rotates, movable part changes along its circumference conductivity, thereby make the variation of magnetron frequency generating period, mechanical tuning device is installed in and action space mutually in the space of break-through together with bearing; Also comprise a magnetic circuit of forming by two magnetic pole pieces that places the action space both sides, produce the axial magnetic field of break-through action space with it, magnetic circuit is via forming the closed-loop path at axial rolling bearing near action space, it is characterized in that the rolling element in above-mentioned rolling bearing is manufactured by nonmagnetic substance at least, can eliminate the influence that the magnetic interaction between the rolling element is rotated rotary body thus.
2, the desired magnetron of claim 1 is characterized in that whole bearings make by nonmagnetic substance.
3, claim 1 and 2 desired magnetrons is characterized in that said nonmagnetic substance is non magnetic hard metal, just sintered hard alloy.
4, the desired magnetron of claim 3 is characterized in that said hard master metal will be with nickel as bond.
5, claim 1 and 2 desired magnetrons is characterized in that said nonmagnetic substance is a ceramic material.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8405917.9 | 1984-11-23 | ||
| SE8405917A SE451649B (en) | 1984-02-01 | 1984-11-23 | Tunable magnetron e.g. for radar application |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85108472A CN85108472A (en) | 1987-05-27 |
| CN1010905B true CN1010905B (en) | 1990-12-19 |
Family
ID=20357882
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85108472.9A Expired CN1010905B (en) | 1984-11-23 | 1985-11-20 | Tunable magnetron |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4705990A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0182428B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1010905B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3569432D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5059845A (en) * | 1990-05-07 | 1991-10-22 | Mechanical Technology Incorporated | Active magnetic bearing device for controlling rotor vibrations |
| DE102008008113A1 (en) * | 2008-02-08 | 2009-08-13 | Schaeffler Kg | Non-magnetizable rolling bearing component of an austenitic material and method for producing such a rolling bearing component |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE7232284U (en) * | 1973-12-20 | Siemens Ag | X-ray tube rotating anode | |
| DE503618C (en) * | 1928-05-27 | 1930-07-29 | Christian Buderus | Chimney slide made of artificial stone with locking device |
| GB768084A (en) * | 1954-02-11 | 1957-02-13 | Gen Radiological Ltd | Improvements in x-ray tubes |
| US3343031A (en) * | 1963-12-21 | 1967-09-19 | Philips Corp | Tunable electronic tube |
| FR1561481A (en) * | 1968-02-16 | 1969-03-28 | ||
| US3711171A (en) * | 1969-12-08 | 1973-01-16 | Kacarb Products Corp | Ceramic bearings |
| US3720853A (en) * | 1971-03-02 | 1973-03-13 | Picker Corp | Bearing structure for x-ray tube with rotating anode |
| DE2215370A1 (en) * | 1972-03-29 | 1973-10-11 | Picker Corp | ROTATING ANODE BEARING FOR ROENTGE PIPES |
| GB1548038A (en) * | 1976-09-16 | 1979-07-04 | Emi Varian Ltd | Spin tuned magnetrons |
| CH624741A5 (en) * | 1977-01-21 | 1981-08-14 | Suisse Horlogerie Rech Lab | Precision rolling bearing |
| EP0009903B1 (en) * | 1978-10-03 | 1983-07-13 | Thorn Emi-Varian Limited | Spin tuned magnetron |
-
1985
- 1985-11-11 DE DE8585201833T patent/DE3569432D1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-11-11 EP EP85201833A patent/EP0182428B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-11-19 US US06/799,420 patent/US4705990A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-11-20 CN CN85108472.9A patent/CN1010905B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0182428A1 (en) | 1986-05-28 |
| US4705990A (en) | 1987-11-10 |
| CN85108472A (en) | 1987-05-27 |
| DE3569432D1 (en) | 1989-05-18 |
| EP0182428B1 (en) | 1989-04-12 |
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| C53 | Correction of patent of invention or patent application | ||
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Free format text: CORRECT: APPLICANT; FROM: N.V. PHILIPS OPTICAL LAMP MANUFACTURING COMPANY TO: NOBEL TECHNOLOGY ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. |
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