CN101089906A - Active vehicle driver fatigue driving alarm device and method - Google Patents
Active vehicle driver fatigue driving alarm device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101089906A CN101089906A CN 200610087248 CN200610087248A CN101089906A CN 101089906 A CN101089906 A CN 101089906A CN 200610087248 CN200610087248 CN 200610087248 CN 200610087248 A CN200610087248 A CN 200610087248A CN 101089906 A CN101089906 A CN 101089906A
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Abstract
A pre-alarm device of automobile driver fatigue-driving in active mode consists of the first signal collection unit for collecting steering wheel state, the second signal collection unit for collecting pulse signal of speed mileage, an alarm control unit for presetting alarm time reference and for receiving signals collected by two said signal collection units as well as for outputting alarm signal according to received signals, and an output alarm unit for making alarm according to alarm signal of alarm control unit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of safety alarm device, be specifically related to a kind of warning device of ride safety of automobile, promptly is a kind of prior-warning device at vehicle driver fatigue driving.
Background technology
Current, along with China's development of economic construction, the growth of all trades and professions economy and improving constantly of people's living standard, the entity and individual of purchase and use road traffic instrument are more and more, and road traffic accident also is the cumulative year after year state of affairs.According to the report that national communication security department provides, dead 100,000 people of road traffic accident took place in China in 2005, and wherein more than half is to be caused by automobile overload hypervelocity and fatigue driving, causes very big loss for Chinese national economy and people life property safety.Finding early, remind and stop vehicle driver fatigue driving, avoid the generation of the traffic hazard that causes therefrom, is that pendulum draws the problem for paying attention to and solving in face of government, householder and driver and conductor.
People design a lot of ways for this reason, also invented some warning devices: a kind of is tilt alarm, head or health run-off the straight produce warning when utilizing the driver sleepy, for example CN95223333.9, name are called " the sleepy alarming device of wear-type ", because the inherent characteristic of this alarm inner sensor, generally when tilting the 30 degree left and right sides, just report to the police, when a lot of drivers are sleepy often head not too tilt, at this moment will produce and fail to report; Sometimes in normal running, head also can tilt, and produces wrong report, so do not have good warning effect.
Another kind is the infrared detection device on the spectacle-frame of being contained in of external report, and the eye abnormal activity is judged and realized warning when utilizing the driver sleepy.Because no matter spring, summer, autumn and winter or day and night, no matter be myopia or presbyopic, no matter custom or uncomfortable, like or dislike, all will be worn on the head, can bring a lot of inconvenience to people like this, if the driver does not want to take the trouble and do not wear, do not have the effect that monitors the tired driver drowsiness yet.This alarm is made complexity in addition, and cost is higher, and popularization and use are brought certain influence.
Recently also having a kind of abroad is to utilize the white marking line in roadside to do with reference to the doze state of differentiating the driver.This device is installed on the front windshield and is undertaken by detecting the white line warning of road edge, this has unreliable factor equally, such as on cloudy day, night, rain, snow, when dense fog causes and does not see white line, road edge white line wearing and tearing that have or when not having the white line mark can not produce warning.In addition, normal rotation direction is travelled and also may be brought wrong report.Bring certain influence more than for the practicality and the reliability of this product.
Above-mentioned warning device is in use except that existing the problems referred to above and bringing some unreliable factors and bother, and also has a common problem, be exactly when alarm produces warning, the driver is often very tired out or enter sleeping state, brain response is very blunt, if at this moment run into accident, often be caught unprepared.
Can find driver's fatigue state in advance, forecast makes accident disappear in germinating, the problem that the present invention that Here it is need solve early.
According to statistics, the accident that produces because of fatigue driving is to occur on less highway of general barrier and the straight road surface mostly.Drive for a long time and good road conditions, and the repetition situation of uniform motor sound and the i.e. mistake of a sudden strain of a muscle outside window is to the anesthesia of eyes, make easily that driver's four limbs are felt lazy, dusk brain dusk, generation is loosened, is benumbed, lazy and sleepy mood, this is the omen that is prone to accidents most, if untimely prompting and taking measures, sideslip will take place because of the difference of the difference of difference, left and right wheels air pressure or the abrasion condition of the speed of a motor vehicle, the road surface arch gradient, difference that mechanical driving part cooperates and the variation of steering wheel minute angle etc. in car body in a short period of time.Even sideslip is few, if the front runs into emergency condition, this also is very dangerous.
Chinese patent CN94212141.4, name is called " driver's Drowse-proof device ", the signal transmitter of the magnet steel disk that this device will be assembled into by polylith magnet is fixed on the vehicle steering, Hall element is fixed on the car body corresponding with the signal transmitter, and Hall element and alarm link.It mainly is to judge by the action situation of monitoring direction dish whether driver's notice is lax.Though it to a certain degree is being to play the effect that prevention is reported to the police, but the problem of its existence is: it does not clearly define and illustrates for sensing range, just when the position that Hall element detects just in time is positioned at the position of adjacent magnets of two opposed polarities, bearing circle rotates slightly and both can show doze state does not take place, if this moment, the driver was in doze state, then still can not send warning.In addition, because only setting one reports to the police the time limit, can not corresponding different speed of a motor vehicle situation, both when the speed of a motor vehicle is fast, may be because of the too late accident symptom of a trend that can't find of time that takes place to report to the police, when the speed of a motor vehicle is slow, invalid warning is increased, thereby increase driver's working strength, this shows, the functional reliability of this kind warning neither be too desirable.
The Chinese invention patent application publication number is CN 1586398A, and name is called " a kind of electronics Drowse-proof device ", and this device is in the bearing circle bottom one motion sensor to be installed, and this motion sensor comes on-off circuit to realize reporting to the police with the rotation of bearing circle.The problem that this device exists is: 1, its detected state is not clearly defined and illustrates, as in its claim, saying: " under the state of nature; motion sensor is positioned at the bottom of bearing circle ", state of nature is not had clear and definite defining, and the automobile that some and bearing circle geometric configuration are just being installed in pairs is sideslip in fact.Slewing area when angle of inclination when 2, motion sensor need be reported to the police and steering gear need be reported to the police does not define, promptly to accurate warning with fail to report, report by mistake suitable the defining of neither one.3, the road surface arch that has is bigger, or the air pressure of vehicle right and left tire and abrasion condition difference or lade left and right sides tire force difference, all can change or the degree of tilt of additional movement sensor, gives that judging reports to the police brings additive error.4, be installed in the motion sensor of bearing circle bottom, if protrude, it is unfavorable to bring for the pilot control bearing circle, if be embedded in the bearing circle, this must do from manufacturing plant again, and the cabling of lead need be laid on the bearing circle wheel rim or be embedded in the wheel rim in addition, is not very convenient.5, this motion sensor generally adopts the mercury cut-off of horizontal positioned, and when car body had than strong vibration, it is logical that possible mercury can rock misconnection, and this may produce failing to report of tired accident.In addition, this device has only a kind of timing device, can not adapt to the needs of in time reporting to the police under the different speed of a motor vehicle.This shows that also there are some inconveniences in this alarm.
Therefore a kind ofly can overcome above-mentioned technical matters, find the tired driver state early, determine time of fire alarming according to the driving situation, the vehicle driver fatigue driving precaution device that improves early warning precision, minimizing rate of false alarm, raising functional reliability becomes the problem that the professional person need solve.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: in the prior art according to the bearing circle rotation situation judge driver's fatigue state not have definitely, reasonably alarm range, generation such as reports and fails to report by mistake at the problem of functional reliability difference therefrom, solve the drawback of reporting to the police simultaneously by the set time, the present invention can earlier find the tired driver symptom, in time prevents the traffic hazard that causes thus.
In order to clearly demonstrate the present invention, the present invention is illustrated the notion of " automobile steering system allows freely to measure ": by country and international relevant regulations, to different automobile types, the bearing circle maximum has the permission degree of freedom gap of not waiting below 15 degree, to increase driver's road feel and controllability, the degree of freedom gap of this permission is that the alleged motor turning of the present invention allows freely to measure.
In order to solve above-mentioned existing technical matters, the invention provides a kind of active vehicle driver fatigue driving prior-warning device, it comprises: an interval or the approaching monitored area that allows freely to measure as tired early warning in first signal pickup assembly that is used to gather the bearing circle rotary state, this harvester are freely measured with the permission of setting automobile steering under the straight-line travelling state; A secondary signal harvester that is used to gather the vehicle speed mileage pulse signal; An alarm control unit is used to receive the pulse signal on the signal of first signal pickup assembly and the car speed odometer sensor that the secondary signal harvester is gathered; Be used to preset and travel in certain distance and the certain distance the theoretical umber of pulse of vehicle speed mileage required as benchmark, thereby determine the different time of fire alarming of different distance, the different speed of a motor vehicle, and by the theoretical pulse choice time of fire alarming of the vehicle speed mileage of the pulse signal on the secondary signal harvester and certain distance of presetting, the bearing circle turn signal that obtains according to first signal pickup assembly is judged and is reported to the police and output alarm signal; An output alarm device is reported to the police according to the alerting signal of alarm control unit.
Best, the monitored area of described tired early warning is with automobile basic symmetric arrangement about the center that the permission of the steering under the straight-line travelling state is freely measured is.That is: the signal emission of described first signal pickup assembly, reflection, receiving element or collection receiving element allow basic symmetric arrangement about free amount center along automobile in the steering under the straight-line travelling respectively.
Wherein, first signal pickup assembly of the present invention comprises at least one infrared emission sniffer and at least one infrared external reflection element; Described infrared external reflection element is located on the bearing circle, is used for determining the monitored area of tired early warning, and the infrared emission sniffer is located on the steering column that joins with steering wheel or on the case of steering column periphery; Perhaps, described infrared emission sniffer is located on the described bearing circle, and the infrared external reflection element is located on the steering column that joins with steering wheel or on the case of steering column periphery, is used for determining the monitored area of tired early warning.
Perhaps, described first signal pickup assembly comprises a magnetosensitive receiving element and two magnetic elements, described two magnetic elements are located on the bearing circle, two magnetic element spacings be centered close to described under straight-line travelling bearing circle allow the middle part freely measure, thereby determine the monitored area of tired early warning, described magnetosensitive receiving element is located on the steering column that joins with steering wheel or on the case of steering column periphery; Perhaps: described first signal pickup assembly comprises two magnetosensitive receiving elements and a magnetic element, described magnetic element is located on the bearing circle, the described bearing circle under the straight-line travelling of being centered close to of its magnetic element allows the middle part of freely measuring, two magnetosensitive receiving elements are located on the steering column that joins with steering wheel or on the case of steering column periphery, thereby determine the monitored area of tired early warning.
Perhaps, described magnetosensitive receiving element is located on the described bearing circle, and described magnetic element is located on the steering column that joins with steering wheel or on the case of steering column periphery.
Wherein, the magnetosensitive receiving element can be Hall element or tongue tube.
Perhaps, described first signal pickup assembly comprises conducting element and short-circuited conducting sleeve of two mutually insulateds, described conducting element and short-circuited conducting sleeve are fixedly installed to the junction of steering gear and steering column respectively and correspond respectively to turn under the straight-line travelling state and allow degree of freedom center symmetric arrangement, and two outer ends of described short-circuit piece extend beyond the monitored area of the scope of described two conductive contacts as tired early warning.
Perhaps, described first signal pickup assembly also can adopt inductance approach switch to sample.
Wherein, described alarm control unit comprises a spacing pulse presetter device, a logical operation circuit, one be used to provide Minimum Time Limit l second signal criterion and when the hypervelocity driving is provided required second signal criterion time base circuit, one is used for the resetting means that system's zero clearing resets, logical operation circuit links to each other with first, second signal pickup assembly, and spacing pulse presetter device, time base circuit, resetting means link to each other with logical operation circuit respectively.
Perhaps, described alarm control unit is a single-chip computer control system or a digital circuit integrated system.
Described alarm control unit comprises further that a speed limit is reported to the police and presets part, is used to set the F-Zero that needs are reported to the police, as the drive a vehicle benchmark of overspeed alarming of reality.
Wherein, the output alarm device can be an audio alert, also can be vibration alarming.
Wherein, warning device of the present invention may further include Control of Automobile failure warning lamp and hummer.When producing warning, start the failure warning lamp or the hummer of automobile external, to remind passerby and vehicle to arouse attention and to take precautions against.
The present invention also provides a kind of active vehicle driver fatigue driving method for early warning:
To exercise the needed time of predetermined running distance as pre-warning time, this pre-warning time is to obtain with the running distance computing comparison of being scheduled to by gathering the road speed signal;
Rotary state to bearing circle is monitored, an interval or the approaching monitored area that allows freely to measure as tired early warning in the permission of setting automobile steering under the straight-line travelling state is freely measured;
By monitoring direction dish rotary state, judge early warning: when the extremely predetermined running distance of running car, bearing circle is trapped in described tired prewarning area, output alarm signal; Otherwise when bearing circle runs off described tired prewarning area, system's zero clearing resets, and begins the new early warning cycle;
After report to the police taking place, reset to eliminate by zero clearing and report to the police and begin the new early warning cycle.
The principle of work of prior-warning device of the present invention is: by first signal pickup assembly rotary state of bearing circle is monitored, allow down freely to measure an interior interval or allow freely to measure near monitored area along straight-line travelling with automobile steering system, be trapped in whether judge warning in the tired early warning and monitoring zone with bearing circle as tired early warning; And, the present invention is with moment that running distance was arrived of a certain section setting of travelling zero-time as early warning, and this pre-warning time is that the running distance by the speed mileage pulse signal of secondary signal harvester collection and described setting carries out computing and obtains.Promptly in specified operating range, rest on the monitored area of tired early warning, promptly can carry out early warning by output alarm signal when bearing circle.When cruising, because driver's steering wheel rotation often, so sample count at this moment constantly is cleared.When tired driver, brain response will be blunt, the delayed reaction of hand motion than the sleepy reactiveness of eye come more Zao, hand will lag behind and loosen the control action of steering wheel, at this moment, the frequency of driver's steering wheel rotation will slow down, or static relatively.When being longer than in setpoint distance the threshold time limit under the friction speed relative rest time, the sampled signal that drops between detection zone will the information that steering wheel is motionless relatively be sent to prior-warning device, precaution device will send reports to the police or control signal, thereby plays the effect that escorts for safe driving.
Freely measure an interior interval or allow freely to measure near monitored area because the present invention is the permission of employing automobile steering system as tired early warning, promptly whether cross the border whether judge driver fatigue according to bearing circle, its early warning range is more accurate, it is indeterminate to have overcome in the prior art alarm detection scope, cause false alarm, fail to report the problem of poor reliability such as alert, thus the present invention compares with existing warning device that functional reliability is higher, rate of false alarm still less.Simultaneously, the present invention adopts predetermined running distance as the foundation of determining time of fire alarming, abandoned generally is to adopt the specified time as the alarm detection time in the prior art, thereby realized the dynamic tracking of tired early warning preferably, made things convenient for driver's operation, overcome in the prior art with the drawback of single time as the early warning and monitoring time.
This is because because the automobile sideslip that driver's drowsiness causes is also relevant with road speed, referring to Fig. 1, the different speed of a motor vehicle of showing and different wheel deflection angle are added up with the corresponding relation of wheel sideslip distance time rating, as can be seen, under equal conditions, speed is fast more, the time of the same distance of sideslip is just short more, at equal wheel deflection angle with in the equal period, the speed of a motor vehicle is fast more, and laterally the sideslip distance is just big more.Referring to Fig. 2, the different speed of a motor vehicle and different wheel deflection angle and sideslip are apart from the corresponding relation statistics of required time, as can be seen: horizontal sideslip different distance and pairing time are proportional relations under certain certain wheel deflection angle of the speed of a motor vehicle.So the present invention utilizes the dynamic reference of car speed mileage transducing signal as fatigue warning zero-time and intermission.Promptly adopt according to the foundation of predetermined running distance as time of fire alarming, that is to say, the second tunnel sampled signal of the present invention is taken from the pulse signal of vehicle speed mileage sensor, this signal frequency is proportional to the speed of a motor vehicle, realize the Threshold Alerts time limit of prior-warning device according to umber of pulse required in the setpoint distance, make its warning zero-time under different travel speeds also different, speed is fast more then reports to the police zero-time just more early, otherwise late more.When the speed of a motor vehicle presets the time limit of reporting to the police when following to lower limit slowly, preset the time limit of reporting to the police with lower limit and be as the criterion.When the speed of a motor vehicle is zero, owing to there is not the pulse tach signal, be limited to endless during the Threshold Alerts of this moment, so do not produce warning.
The present invention is placed on the position relevant with hand exercise to first signal pickup assembly of alarm, while abandoning tradition passive type type of alarm, change active early warning mode into, be exactly under the friction speed in certain distance, dynamically produce different warning preset times, the warning phase that tired accident takes place is shifted to an earlier date, it is handled at germinating.
Mid point in the present invention preferably allows freely to measure with steering under the automobile straight-line travelling state is the mid point in tired early warning and monitoring interval, being about to first signal pickup assembly places automobile steering system to allow freely to measure interior point midway, so that left and right sides monitoring variable about equally, be beneficial to accuracy of judgement, reduce rate of false alarm.
During early warning, the present invention can select for use resetting means to reset, and promptly carries out the zero clearing of time of fire alarming counting, also can adopt steering gear to allow free space more than needed outside the monitored area of tired early warning in the degree of freedom, eliminate the fatigue warning prompting by rotating steering, reset.For the general diameter of bearing circle bigger motor bus and truck, it allows freely to measure also bigger, and free space therefore more than needed is also big more, and more suitable employing steering wheel rotation runs off early warning range, thus the purpose that realization resets.
The present invention can also preset the top speed pulse signal, to realize overspeed alarming.
Owing to when producing the tired driver early warning signal, just in car, report to the police, extraneous vehicle and passerby and ignorant, the effect that does not have caution to external world and take precautions against, therefore prior-warning device of the present invention further connects the output control circuit of automobile failure alarm lamp and hummer, to remind extraneous passerby and vehicle to note, better play preventive effect.
Major advantage of the present invention in sum is: the reliability and the accuracy of prior-warning device monitoring of the present invention are higher, can in time find driver's fatigue state, according to different speed time of fire alarming differences, be not subjected to road, the influence that weather and surrounding enviroment change, impel the driver in grasping bearing circle, constantly to focus one's attention on, sleepy thought weakens, convenient and practical, as long as bearing circle is in the motionless substantially position of automobile craspedodrome, after the corresponding period, warning device all can in time be reminded, and that plays initiatively prevention has a newspaper danger, danger, does not have an anti-danger, danger precautions averts perils effect.And its cost is low, and is practical, is easy to promote and accepted by users.
The present invention be advantageous in that, prior-warning device of the present invention is fixedly mounted on the automobile and need not dismantles, its monitoring range and parameter are adjusted in advance according to vehicle, be relatively-stationary, like this to all practicable fatigue monitoring of any driver, thereby the unreliable phenomenon of the alarm of avoiding generation in artificial use, as the fatigue warning device and excessively displacement of monitored some generation, the human pilot figure that are worn on the human body do not wear alarm etc. by sheer good luck or conveniently intentionally.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be the different speed of a motor vehicle and different wheel deflection angle and time rating wheel sideslip distance the corresponding relation statistical graph;
Fig. 2 is the different speed of a motor vehicle and different wheel deflection angle and the sideslip corresponding relation statistical graph apart from required time;
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of the embodiment one of first signal pickup assembly of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of the embodiment two of first signal pickup assembly of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram of the embodiment three of first signal pickup assembly of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the synoptic diagram of the embodiment four of first signal pickup assembly of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of the embodiment five of first signal pickup assembly of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the synoptic diagram of the embodiment six of first signal pickup assembly of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the synoptic diagram of the embodiment seven of first signal pickup assembly of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the synoptic diagram of the embodiment one, two of prior-warning device of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the synoptic diagram of the embodiment three, four of prior-warning device of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the synoptic diagram of the embodiment five, six, seven of prior-warning device of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the scheme of installation of first signal pickup assembly of embodiments of the invention one, two;
Figure 14 is the scheme of installation of first signal pickup assembly of embodiments of the invention three, four;
Figure 15 is the scheme of installation of first signal pickup assembly of embodiments of the invention five, six, seven;
Figure 16 is that diameter is that the permission of 38 centimetres bearing circle wheel rim is freely measured and the synoptic diagram of the monitored area of tired early warning;
Figure 17 a, 17b are that radius divides sampled point on the wheel hub of different bearing circle at the synoptic diagram that allows freely to measure;
Figure 18 is the synoptic diagram of the embodiment eight of prior-warning device of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, referring to Figure 10, showed active vehicle driver fatigue driving prior-warning device of the present invention among the figure, it comprises: first signal pickup assembly 10 that is used to gather the bearing circle rotary state, secondary signal harvester 20, one spacing pulse presetter device 30, a logical operation circuit 40, an output alarm device 50, basic circuit 60 for the moment, resetting means 70 and speed limit pulse presetter device 80, wherein: spacing pulse presetter device 30, logical operation circuit 40, time base circuit 60, resetting means 70 and speed limit pulse presetter device 80 have constituted alarm control unit 90.
Interval is as the monitored area of tired early warning in the scope that first signal pickup assembly 10 is freely measured with the permission that is set in automobile steering system, present embodiment is 38 centimetres bearing circle with diameter, it allows freely to measure is 10 degree, the present invention take be 2/3 intervals of 10 degree as tired early warning and monitoring scope, and tired early warning and monitoring scope is positioned at automobile symmetric arrangement substantially about the center that the steering under the straight-line travelling state allows freely to measure is.As shown in figure 16, it is 33.12mm that A is freely measured in the permission of bearing circle wheel rim, and the tired early warning and monitoring scope B of present embodiment is 22mm.Referring to Fig. 3, it among the figure first signal pickup assembly 10, it comprises: an infrared emission receiving element 11 and two infrared external reflection elements 12, the both sides up and down of H line are respectively to be used to install the bearing circle (steering gear) of rotation of signal pickup assembly and static steering column case among the figure, this infrared emission receiving element 11 and infrared external reflection element 12 be installed in respectively rotation on steering gear 100 and the fixing steering column case 200 that links to each other with steering gear 100, the particular location of its installation is referring to Figure 13, wherein, the inward flange of two infrared external reflection elements 12 is adjusted at the two ends of the tired early warning and monitoring area B that accounts for steering gear free clearance 2/3, and infrared emission receiving element 11 and two infrared external reflection elements 12 are all with automobile symmetric arrangement substantially about the center O that the steering under the straight-line travelling state allows freely to measure A is.The detection direction of infrared emission receiving element 11 is: be in the center O position of steering gear free clearance when the automobile straight-line travelling substantially, at this moment, infrared emission is not blocked reflection, so be not received, is a kind of state at this moment.When steering wheel rotation 100 made it exceed tired early warning and monitoring area B, infrared emission receiving element 11 was received reflected signal, sent a pulse or level and upset takes place gave logical operation circuit 40, produced the return-to-zero signal thus.
Secondary signal harvester 20, it is vehicle speed mileage sensor pulse signal acquisition device, the vehicle speed mileage pulse signal that collects is as the actual amplitudes that needs to report to the police in setting mileage, through the buffering shaping, send into logical operation circuit 40, the computing of comparing with the theoretical umber of pulse that spacing pulse and speed limit pulse are set.For example, being 100 meters with highway restriction spacing is theoretical alarm distance, and certain car one kilometer required speed odometer sensor pulse signal that travels is 5000, then 100 meters required 500 pulse signals.Speed of a motor vehicle difference, it is also different to finish the required time of 500 umber of pulses, and totaling 500 moment behind the pulse signal is exactly the zero-time of dynamically reporting to the police.When the speed of a motor vehicle is slow, dynamic zero-time evening of reporting to the police; When the speed of a motor vehicle was fast, dynamically the zero-time of reporting to the police early.After for example per hundred meters time of fire alarming are 10 seconds when the speed of a motor vehicle is lower than 36 kilometers.When the speed of a motor vehicle is 72 kilometers, after per hundred meters time of fire alarming become 5 seconds.And when the speed of a motor vehicle is 100 kilometers, after per hundred meters time of fire alarming become 3.6 seconds.This is to monitoring that the moment burnout of driver under high speed traveling is very helpful.When the pre-warning time under this speed of arrival, automobile also is in the straight-line travelling state, and infrared emission is not blocked reflection, so be not received, logical operation circuit 40 will send alerting signal to warning device 50 this moment.
Spacing pulse presetter device 30 is used to preset the required theoretical umber of pulse of different automobile types speed odometer sensor in certain distance, thereby determines the different time of fire alarming of the different speed of a motor vehicle; Spacing pulse presetter device 30 is with the setting speed odometer sensor benchmark that required theoretical umber of pulse need reach as reality driving number of pulses in certain distance, thus the difference warning zero-time under the different speed of a motor vehicle of dynamic reflection.For example, certain vehicle one kilometer required odometer sensor pulse signal that travels is 5000, then 100 meters required 500 pulse signals.Setting the monitoring distance is 100 meters, and then needing this moment to set the theoretical umber of pulse that presets is 500.When reality driving umber of pulse reaches 500, start the warning zero-time.
Resetting means 70, the back zero clearing that is used to report to the police resets.Resetting means 70 can comprise that a manual reset button is installed in correct position on the bearing circle spoke, according to actual conditions, can make wired reset button, also can make wireless reset button, makes things convenient for driver's operation.Under cruising, as long as wheel steering is crossed the border in tired early warning and monitoring zone, system is return-to-zero automatically just.If bearing circle is in the area to be monitored and reports to the police under cruising, then utilize resetting means 70 to eliminate and report to the police, also the usable rotational direction dish is eliminated warning.When setting detected zone at bearing circle degree of freedom boundary vicinity, then can not realize resetting with bearing circle, have only when also needing to adjust direction of traffic simultaneously, just can and use.
For fear of driving over the speed limit, prior-warning device of the present invention may further include a speed limit pulse presetter device 80, be used to set the top speed standard, promptly can the setting speed odometer sensor required within a certain period of time theoretical umber of pulse is as the benchmark of reality driving overspeed alarming required pulse number, when the actual pulse number between at this moment surpasses this benchmark, both produced warning.For example, 100 kilometers/hour of certain vehicle speed limits, then per second speed is 27.8 meters, if the one kilometer required odometer sensor umber of pulse of travelling is 5000, then just produces when per second travels the pulse above 139 and reports to the police.
Wherein said spacing pulse preset 30 and speed limit pulse presetter device 80 can be by hardware setting (for example 8421 code switches), also can be by software set (as in single chip circuit).
It should be noted that: the selection of tired early warning and monitoring scope neither changes the wheel direction and is not as the criterion because of the too little alerting signal that falls into oblivion of bearing circle amount of spin again because of bearing circle rocks in straightaway with automobile.Less car is freely measured in the permission that has, and this critical tested measuring point can be set in steering wheel and allow free amount of spin boundary vicinity, at this moment resets with regard to not convenient free clearance with bearing circle, and preferably adopt resetting means to reset this moment.In turning to the permission degree of freedom on an equal basis, the bearing circle wheel diameter is big more, and the degree of freedom radian at its wheel rim edge is also big more, and the amplitude of pilot control bearing circle is also big more, the easy more authenticity of judging accurately and monitoring driver fatigue.The bearing circle wheel rim of general motor bus and truck is bigger, is more suitable for above-mentioned situation.Figure 17 is that a radius is respectively sampled point on the Die Lenkradnabeals Pralltopf ausgebildet of 10 centimetres and 5 centimetres and rotates 5 spend and 10 displacement diagram of spending correspondence in allowing freely measure, as can be seen, sampled point is far away more from steering wheel axle center line, it allows the radian of degree of freedom correspondence big more, the activity space of sampling monitoring is also just big more, and resolution is also high more, so, in practice, suitably increase sampled point and benefit to improving monitoring accuracy and handled easily from the mounting distance of axial line.
Embodiment two, and unique difference is among the prior-warning device of present embodiment and the last embodiment: first signal pickup assembly 10 (referring to Fig. 4) is made up of the infrared external reflection element 12 of an infrared emission receiving element 11 and an adjustable-width.This infrared emission receiving element 11 is installed in respectively on the correct position of steering gear 100 and the steering column case 200 that links to each other with steering gear with infrared external reflection element 12.Wherein the outward flange of infrared external reflection element 12 is adjusted at 1/2 interval that steering gear allows free clearance A as the early warning and monitoring interval B, and the position that is centered close to the center O that allows free clearance A of infrared external reflection element 12; The detection direction of infrared emission receiving element 11 is in the center O position of steering gear free clearance when the automobile straight-line travelling, when the automobile straight-line travelling, infrared emission is blocked reflection, is a kind of state at this moment.When steering wheel rotation made it allow the degree of freedom center to exceed the early warning and monitoring area B, sampling thief did not receive reflected signal, sends a pulse or level and overturns, and produces the return-to-zero signal thus.
Embodiment three, referring to Figure 11, are the synoptic diagram of a kind of prior-warning device of the present invention; Be with a last embodiment difference: wherein first signal pickup assembly 10 is magnetic element and magnetic sensor composition.Referring to Fig. 5, first signal pickup assembly 10 is made up of a Hall element 13 and two magnetic elements 14, and this Hall element 13 and magnetic element 14 are installed in respectively on the correct position of steering gear and the steering column case that links to each other with steering gear (referring to Figure 14).The correct position of basic symmetry about the center O place of steering gear free clearance A when wherein two magnetic elements 14 are adjusted at the automobile straight-line travelling, thus determine the early warning and monitoring area B, and Hall element 13 is in the center O position of corresponding free clearance.When automobile during along straight-line travelling, Hall element 13 does not have magnetic response, is a kind of state at this moment.When steering wheel rotation makes the magnetic force process Hall element 13 of magnetic element 14, send a pulse or sampled level and overturn, produce the return-to-zero signal thus.
Referring to Fig. 6, embodiment four, and be with a last embodiment difference: its first signal pickup assembly 10 is made up of two tongue tubes 13 ' and a magnetic element 14.The symmetrical position at two tongue tube 13 ' steering gear free clearance A centers when the automobile straight-line travelling wherein, thus determine the early warning and monitoring area B, and magnetic element 14 is in the position of corresponding free clearance A center O.When automobile during along straight-line travelling, not reaction of tongue tube 13 ' is a kind of state at this moment.The magnetic force that makes magnetic element 14 when steering wheel rotation is during through tongue tube 13 ', and the tongue tube 13 ' closing of contact or closure are once sent a pulse or sampled level and overturn, and produce the return-to-zero signal thus.
Embodiment five, referring to Figure 12, are the synoptic diagram of a kind of prior-warning device of the present invention; Be with embodiment one difference: first signal pickup assembly 10 comprises the conducting element 15 and a short-circuited conducting sleeve 16 (referring to Fig. 7) of two mutually insulateds, wherein two conducting elements are conductive contact, conductive contact 15A wherein, 15B and short-circuited conducting sleeve 16 are fixed on separately the insulator and are respectively installed to the junction (referring to Figure 15) of steering gear 100 and steering column 200, the inspection center of its short-circuited conducting sleeve 16 is corresponding to turning to the degree of freedom center that allows under the straight-line travelling state, conductive contact 15A and 15B are adjusted at respectively on the correct position of basic symmetry along about this center, the critical sign that detects as direction.When automobile during along straight-line travelling, two conductive contact 15A and 15B are by short-circuited conducting sleeve 16 short circuits, and the circuit that links to each other with conductive contact 15A, 15B connection is a kind of state at this moment.When steering wheel rotation disconnects an end of short-circuited conducting sleeve 16 and one of them conductive contact, send a pulse or sampled level and overturn, produce the return-to-zero signal thus.
Embodiment six, referring to Fig. 8, be with a last embodiment difference: two conducting elements of first signal pickup assembly 10 are two conducting strip 15A ', conducting ring is a scalable short-circuited conducting sleeve 16, the first conducting strip 15A ' wherein, the second conducting strip 15B ' and short-circuited conducting sleeve 16 are fixed on separately the insulator and are respectively installed to the junction of steering gear and steering column, the inspection center of its short-circuited conducting sleeve is corresponding to turning to the degree of freedom center that allows under the straight-line travelling state, the first conducting strip 15A ', the second conducting strip 15B ' symmetry substantially along about this center, the two ends of short-circuited conducting sleeve 16 are adjusted at the first conducting strip 15A ' respectively, on the correct position of the basic symmetry of the second conducting strip 15B ', as the critical sign of direction detection.When automobile during along straight-line travelling, the first conducting strip 15A ' and the second conducting strip 15B ' are by short-circuited conducting sleeve 16 short circuits, and the circuit that links to each other with the first conducting strip 15A ', the second conducting strip 15B ' is connected, and is a kind of state at this moment.When steering wheel rotation disconnects an end of short-circuited conducting sleeve and one of them conducting strip, send a pulse or sampled level and overturn, produce the return-to-zero signal thus.
Embodiment seven, referring to Fig. 9, with embodiment five differences are: short-circuited conducting sleeve 16 is the short-circuit piece on the short arc that is connected two conductive contacts.When automobile during along straight-line travelling, two conductive contact 15A and 15B are by the short-circuit piece short circuit, and the circuit that links to each other with conductive contact 15A, 15B connection is a kind of level state at this moment.When steering wheel rotation disconnects an end of short-circuit piece and one of them conductive contact, send a pulse or sampled level and overturn, produce the return-to-zero signal thus.
Embodiment eight, referring to Figure 18, showed another kind of prior-warning device of the present invention among the figure, and wherein alarm control unit 90 employings are the control core circuit with the single-chip microprocessor MCU, for example 89,87 or 51 series monolithics.Spacing is set, the reception of the collection of the speed mileage signal of the signal of the bearing circle rotary state that presets and first signal pickup assembly is gathered of the presetting of mileage pulse signal, Maximum speed limit pulse signal, secondary signal harvester, handle comparison, judge warning etc., all finish by the setting program of single-chip microcomputer and single-chip microcomputer, it may further include a display device 91.
The pre-warning and control method of the above embodiment of the present invention is:
At first, preset mileage pulse parameter (perhaps spacing parameter): determine the foundation of specified running distance, the top speed parameter is set: be used for determining overspeed warning as pre-warning time to the single-chip microcomputer preset parameter; Minimum warning time limit parameter when slow running is set: when being used for low-speed running,, cause time of fire alarming long, thereby determine minimum pre-warning time, reach this time, also do not carry out early warning even reach specified running distance because speed is low excessively; Preset when driving hypervelocity required time signal etc.
Start detection device: by the rotary state of the first signal pickup assembly monitoring direction dish;
By secondary signal harvester picking rate odometer sensor pulse signal, compare with presetting the spacing pulse signal, determine time of fire alarming.Alarm parameters with embodiment one is an example: being 100 meters with highway restriction spacing is theoretical alarm distance, 100 meters required 500 pulse signals.Speed of a motor vehicle difference, it is also different to finish the required time of 500 umber of pulses, and totaling 500 moment behind the pulse signal is exactly the zero-time of dynamically reporting to the police.Per hundred meters time of fire alarming are 10 seconds when the speed of a motor vehicle is lower than 36 kilometers.When the speed of a motor vehicle was 72 kilometers, per hundred meters time of fire alarming became 5 seconds.And when the speed of a motor vehicle was 100 kilometers, per hundred meters time of fire alarming became 3.6 seconds.
Show according to first signal of gathering: the bearing circle that (that is: travels the used time period of this distance) in specified running distance is trapped in the monitored area of tired early warning always, then output alarm signal; Do not reach specified running distance bearing circle and exceed the monitored area of tired early warning, zero clearing restarts detection speed odometer sensor signal, bearing circle rotary state signal.
When road speed is low excessively, in order to prevent can not to report to the police for a long time, prescribe a time limit when therefore reaching minimum warnings of presetting, promptly report to the police;
When the speed of a motor vehicle is zero,, stop counting and warning this moment at this moment because the signal of speed odometer sensor is 0.
When driving over the speed limit, when surpassing the speed limit pulse signal that presets, send the overspeed alarming signal.
In sum, the present invention provides a kind of prior-warning device and method for early warning of uniqueness for the fatigue driving early warning, its purport at first is by monitoring direction dish rotary state, an interval of (or comprising boundary vicinity) is as the monitored area of tired early warning in the scope that allows freely to measure with automobile steering under straight-line travelling, pre-warning time is to be the initial moment of early warning at the specified stroke that travels under the friction speed after the required time according to automobile simultaneously, and promptly speed is reported to the police the time more more.Under the prerequisite of the fundamental of the device that does not depart from the present invention and limited, described prior-warning device can be revised and change, to be suitable for specific application and employed device, and should be all in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. active vehicle driver fatigue driving prior-warning device, it comprises:
An interval or the approaching monitored area that allows freely to measure as tired early warning in first signal pickup assembly that is used to gather the bearing circle rotary state, this harvester are freely measured with the permission of setting automobile steering under the straight-line travelling state;
A secondary signal harvester that is used to gather the vehicle speed mileage pulse signal;
An alarm control unit is used to receive the pulse signal on the signal of first signal pickup assembly and the car speed odometer sensor that the secondary signal harvester is gathered; Be used to preset in certain distance and the certain distance and travel required theoretical umber of pulse as benchmark, thereby determine the different time of fire alarming of different distance, the different speed of a motor vehicle, and, judge warning and output alarm signal according to the bearing circle turn signal that first signal pickup assembly obtains by the theoretical pulse choice time of fire alarming of the pulse signal on the secondary signal harvester with the certain distance that presets;
An output alarm device is reported to the police according to the alerting signal of alarm control unit.
2. active vehicle driver fatigue driving prior-warning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this monitored area is with automobile basic symmetric arrangement about the center that the permission of the steering under the straight-line travelling state is freely measured is.
3. active vehicle driver fatigue driving prior-warning device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described first signal pickup assembly comprises at least one infrared emission sniffer and at least one infrared external reflection element; Described infrared external reflection element is located on the bearing circle, is used for determining the monitored area of tired early warning, and the infrared emission sniffer is located on the steering column that joins with steering wheel or on the case of steering column periphery; Perhaps, described infrared emission sniffer is located on the described bearing circle, and the infrared external reflection element is located on the steering column that joins with steering wheel or on the case of steering column periphery, is used for determining the monitored area of tired early warning.
4. active vehicle driver fatigue driving prior-warning device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described first signal pickup assembly comprises a magnetosensitive receiving element and two magnetic elements, described two magnetic elements are located on the bearing circle, determine the monitored area of tired early warning, the magnetosensitive receiving element is located on the steering column that joins with steering wheel or on the case of steering column periphery; Perhaps:
Described first signal pickup assembly comprises two magnetosensitive receiving elements and a magnetic element, a described magnetic element is located on the bearing circle, two magnetosensitive receiving elements are located on the steering column that joins with steering wheel or on the case of steering column periphery, thereby determine the monitored area of tired early warning;
Perhaps, described magnetosensitive receiving element is located on the described bearing circle, and magnetic element is located on the steering column that joins with steering wheel or on the case of steering column periphery.
5. active vehicle driver fatigue driving prior-warning device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described first signal pickup assembly comprises conducting element and short-circuited conducting sleeve of two mutually insulateds, described conducting element and short-circuited conducting sleeve are fixedly installed to the junction of steering gear and steering column respectively and correspond respectively to turn under the straight-line travelling state and allow degree of freedom center symmetric arrangement, and two outer ends of described short-circuit piece extend beyond the monitored area of the scope of described two conductive contacts as tired early warning.
6. active vehicle driver fatigue driving prior-warning device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described alarm control unit comprises a spacing pulse presetter device, a logical operation circuit, one be used to provide Minimum Time Limit l second signal criterion and when the hypervelocity driving is provided required second signal criterion time base circuit, one is used for the resetting means that system's zero clearing resets, logical operation circuit links to each other with first, second signal pickup assembly, and spacing pulse presetter device, time base circuit, resetting means link to each other with logical operation circuit respectively;
Perhaps, described alarm control unit is a single-chip computer control system or a digital circuit integrated system.
7. active vehicle driver fatigue driving prior-warning device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described resetting means comprises bearing circle and the wired or wireless hand-reset button that is installed on the bearing circle.
8. active vehicle driver fatigue driving prior-warning device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described alarm control unit comprises further that a speed limit is reported to the police and presets part, link to each other with logical operation circuit, be used to set the F-Zero signal that needs are reported to the police.
9. an active vehicle driver fatigue driving method for early warning is characterized in that, this method may further comprise the steps:
To exercise the needed time of predetermined running distance as pre-warning time, this pre-warning time is to obtain with the running distance computing comparison of being scheduled to by gathering the road speed signal;
Rotary state to bearing circle is monitored, an interval or the approaching monitored area that allows freely to measure as tired early warning in the permission of setting automobile steering under the straight-line travelling state is freely measured;
By monitoring direction dish rotary state, judge early warning: when the extremely predetermined running distance of running car, bearing circle is trapped in described tired prewarning area, output alarm signal; Otherwise when bearing circle runs off described tired prewarning area, system's zero clearing resets, and begins the new early warning cycle;
After report to the police taking place, reset to eliminate by zero clearing and report to the police and begin the new early warning cycle.
10. a kind of active vehicle driver fatigue driving method for early warning according to claim 9 is characterized in that: the monitored area of described tired early warning is with automobile basic symmetric arrangement about the center that the permission of the steering under the straight-line travelling state is freely measured is.
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| CNB2006100872481A CN100489908C (en) | 2006-06-14 | 2006-06-14 | Active automobile driver fatigue driving alarming device and method |
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| CNB2006100872481A CN100489908C (en) | 2006-06-14 | 2006-06-14 | Active automobile driver fatigue driving alarming device and method |
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| CN101986359A (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2011-03-16 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 | Method for giving an early warning for fatigue driving |
| CN101872171B (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2012-06-27 | 中国农业大学 | Driver fatigue state recognition method and system based on information fusion |
| CN102963298A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-03-13 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Abnormal behavior monitoring method based on sight detection |
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| CN105261151A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-01-20 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | High-grade highway driver fatigue state detection method based on operation behavior characteristics |
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| CN2194297Y (en) * | 1994-03-14 | 1995-04-12 | 宋岩 | Safety driving device for motive vehicles |
| CN2189557Y (en) * | 1994-05-20 | 1995-02-15 | 吴建平 | Nodding-proof device for driver of automobile |
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| CN200941238Y (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2007-08-29 | 吴玉沈 | Active fatigue driving alarmer for autocar driver |
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| CN101872171B (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2012-06-27 | 中国农业大学 | Driver fatigue state recognition method and system based on information fusion |
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| CN102963298A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-03-13 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Abnormal behavior monitoring method based on sight detection |
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| CN105389948A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-09 | 上海斐讯数据通信技术有限公司 | System and method for preventing fatigue driving of driver |
| CN105632103A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-06-01 | 张海涛 | Method and device for monitoring fatigue driving |
| JP2020013182A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-01-23 | クラリオン株式会社 | Driving support device and driving support method |
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| CN111376909A (en) * | 2020-03-21 | 2020-07-07 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Indirect fatigue monitoring method |
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