CN101083426A

CN101083426A - DC electric machine

Info

Publication number: CN101083426A
Application number: CN 200710137469
Authority: CN
Inventors: 石玉山
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-07-13
Filing date: 2007-07-13
Publication date: 2007-12-05

Abstract

The invention is a communicator-free DC machine, relating to the electric machine field, and it comprises stator, rotor, coils, bearings, rotating shaft, and machine end cover; its rotating magnetic field is in parallel with its rotating shaft, and it uses at most two excitation coils and has only one pair of magnetic poles, i.e N pole and S pole and does not use any communicator; the rotor of an inner rotor DC machine is a low and thick, solid, circular rotor contained by two stators; the rotor of an outer rotor DC machine is a low and thick, solid, circular rotor placed between two stators. And this machine consumes few materials, easy to make, has good ventilating and heat radiating effects, high operating efficiency and low failure ratio, simple and convenient to maintain, and able to meet requirements of application fields in large range.

Description

Direct current machine

Technical field:

The present invention relates to machine field.

Background technology:

100 for many years, and conventional direct current machine structurally all is by casing, bearing, and rotor, stator, commutator, carbon brush, armature component and numerous excitation winding are formed.The magnetic line of force of acting is perpendicular to machine shaft.This structure has caused following common unsurmountable defective:

1, this structure makes direct current machine that reversing arrangement must be arranged, and the problem of commutation is the long-standing problem of direct current machine.

2, this structure makes direct current machine make complexity, involves great expense, and bulky, magnetic circuit is long, and the iron copper loss is big.It is bad to dispel the heat, and efficient is not high, and the failure rate height is difficult in maintenance.

3, this structural limitations the application of direct current machine, can only use in limited occasion.

Summary of the invention:

In order to overcome this defective of existing direct current machine, the invention provides a kind of novel direct current machine without commutator.

Design of the present invention is the electromagnetic theory according to classics, and ampere right-handed helix pipe law and Left Hand Rule design.As everyone knows, solenoid is in when energising, inside and outsidely all will produce magnetic field solenoidal, and magnetic field is made up of the magnetic line of force.The magnetic line of force of solenoid inside is to be set out by the S utmost point, walks " straight line " and directly points to the N utmost point, and the magnetic line of force of solenoid outside then is to be set out by the N utmost point, walks " curved line " and detours and get back to the S utmost point, thereby make magnetic line of force closure, forms a complete magnetic field.The direction of solenoidal field is determined by ampere right hand solenoid law.Ampere right hand solenoid law is to discuss like this: hold the solenoid of energising with the right hand, allow four to refer to crooked and point to the sense of current in the solenoid, that end of thumb indication is exactly the N utmost point of solenoidal field so.

The present invention is that the magnetic line of force (0) that solenoid is inside and outside all replaces with silicon steel plate core, to reduce the pressure drop of magnetic potential.Inner solenoid is divided into three equal parts by how much.Wherein, the equal portions on both sides are made magnetic pole, above magnet exciting coil (3) is wound on.Mid portion is made rotor core (4).As shown in Figure 1.So just formed the excitation field of DC motor stator.Rotor core (4) is finished by system controlled by computer on Punching and rolling machine unshakable in one's determination by the stripe shape silicon steel sheet.Its shape is a low and thick three-dimensional annulus.The circular surfaces of the three-dimensional annulus of rotor is not provided with the rotor bar (5) of cutting magnetic line.The rotor bar of cutting magnetic line (5) becomes the radioactive ray state respectively equably perpendicular to rotating shaft and be embedded in the body of annulus, and the number of plies can be made according to actual conditions.。On thin cylinder (6) and the outer thin cylinder (7), two thin cylinders (6), (7) here were the both positive and negative polarity terminals of armature power supply, as shown in Figure 2 in two of rotor bar (5) terminated at.It is this that rotor core (4) part is placed on solenoid inner magnet field structure is the direct current machine of inner rotor core.As shown in Figure 3.If rotor core (4) part be placed on solenoid external magnetic field structure then be known as the direct current machine of outer-rotor structure, as shown in Figure 4.So just formed the rotation armature of DC motor rotor.

This direct current machine is made up of preceding stator core (1), back stator core (2), stator exciting coil (3), rotor core (4), rotor bar (5), rotor internal wiring ring (6), the external wire loop of rotor (7), annulus magnetic pole (8), front end housing (9), rear end cap (10), bearing (11) and electric machine main shaft (12).

This direct current machine magnetic circuit, the magnetic line of force are that stator core (1) sets out in the past, through the air gap, enter rotor core (4), again through the air gap, enter back stator core (2), promptly get back to preceding stator core (1).Stator exciting coil (3) is wrapped in respectively on the annulus magnetic pole (8) of preceding stator core (1) and back stator core (2) towards a direction, and the magnetic field of motor produces therefrom, and the direction in magnetic field is parallel to the rotating shaft of motor.Two stators are containing the rotor core (4) of a low and thick three-dimensional column type.

The operation logic of this direct current machine.Stator exciting coil (3) turns to the S utmost point forward with enamelled wire with the annulus magnetic pole (8) on the preceding stator core (1), and the annulus magnetic pole (8) on the back stator core (2) also turns to the S utmost point forward.After the energising, stator exciting coil (3) is gone up at the annulus magnetic pole (8) of preceding stator core (1) and is formed the N utmost point, goes up at the annulus magnetic pole (8) of back stator core (2) and forms the S utmost point.The outer cylinder (7) that connects rotor bar (5), insert " just " utmost point of DC power supply, and the inner cylinder (6) of connection rotor bar (5), insert " bearing " utmost point of DC power supply, direct current is from the outer cylinder (7) of rotor, by rotor bar (5), flow to inner cylinder (6) from all quarter, get back to " bearing " utmost point of DC power supply.According to the left hand theorem, the magnetic line of force vertically passes rotor bar (5), and the sense of current points to inner cylinder (6) from outer cylinder (7), thereby forms one perpendicular to rotor bar (5), and perpendicular to the motoricity F of N utmost point S pole field, therefore rotor rotates.As shown in Figure 2.

Advantage of the present invention is:

1, the direct current machine of this project organization, magnetic field is parallel to machine shaft, and two stators contain the rotor of a low and thick three-dimensional circular ring type.Whole motor has only the extremely a pair of big magnetic pole of the N utmost point, S, and magnetic circuit is short, and leakage field is few, without commutator.So just solved the commutation problem that always perplexs direct current machine from structure.

2, the direct current machine of this project organization, excitation is simple, and magnetic pole is an annulus, and whole motor is only used two or a magnet exciting coil, make handling ease, the volume of project organization is capable and vigorous small and exquisite, and fault is few, and consumptive material is few, energy consumption is low, safeguard convenient, longer service life.

3, the direct current machine of this project organization can adapt to on-the-spot requirement better, satisfies on-the-spot needs more neatly.

Description of drawings:

The excitation principle figure of Fig. 1, direct current machine

The rotary principle figure of Fig. 2, direct current machine

The direct current machine profile of Fig. 3, inner rotor core

The direct current machine profile of Fig. 4, outer-rotor structure

The stator of the direct current machine of Fig. 5, inner rotor core, rotor stereogram

The stator of the direct current machine of Fig. 6, outer-rotor structure, rotor stereogram

Embodiment:

Direct current machine of the present invention, different with common electric machine on making.Its critical component rotor and stator all are to be finished automatically by system controlled by computer on Punching and rolling machine unshakable in one's determination by the stripe shape silicon steel sheet.Elder generation opens a mold to rotor before this, mould is contained on the Punching and rolling machine unshakable in one's determination get final product.After rotor and stator are made, again with preceding stator core (1) and the back stator core (2) altogether.Stator coil (3) is contained in respectively on the annulus magnetic pole (8) of preceding stator core (1) and back stator core (2) by a direction coiling.Front end housing (9), rear end cap (10) and support all are by the pig iron or alloy aluminum casting.After the moulding, last machine tooling gets final product.

Claims

1. a direct current machine that does not have commutation is made up of preceding stator core, back stator core, stator exciting coil, rotor core, rotor bar, rotor internal wiring ring, the external wire loop of rotor, annulus magnetic pole, front end housing, rear end cap, bearing and electric machine main shaft etc.It is characterized in that:

The magnetic field of rotation is parallel to machine shaft, and motor has only a pair of magnetic pole N utmost point and the S utmost point, does not use commutator.Stator is made up of two parts, the front and back symmetry, and magnetic pole is the circular ring type shape.The internal rotor rotor DC machine, it is included in the cavity of stator by front and back two stator cores, rotor is connected as a single entity with rotating shaft, pass in the middle of the stator, by bearing fixing on cover, support.This is the internal rotor direct current machine.And the external rotor rotor DC machine, it is clipped in the middle by front and back two stator cores, and rotor is connected as a single entity with rotating shaft by front and rear cover, bearing, and rotor is in the stator outside.This is the external rotor direct current machine.

2. no commutating dc motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: maximum two of coil of stator of motor, and by a direction coiling.

3. no commutating dc motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: epitrochanterian sliver can be made multilayer, the minimum one deck of doing.