CN101083399A - Z source power transformation based photovoltaic network inverter - Google Patents
Z source power transformation based photovoltaic network inverter Download PDFInfo
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- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The invention publishes a light bend combined network transformation installment which based on the Z source power transformation, including: the power transform main return route, the DSP observation system and the IGBT actuation module, the DSP observation system is used in sampling of the voltage, the electric current signal, and operates to obtain the PWM signal sequence with the adjustable pulse width, again transforms the IGBT actuation module into the direct drive IGBT signal, the power transform main return route includes the solar cell array, the Z source impedance network, the contravariant network and the filter reactor, the two out-ports of the solar cell array separately connects with the two input end of the Z source impedance network, the two out-ports of the Z source impedance network separately connects with the two input end of the contravariant network, a out-port of contravariant network connects to a end of filter reactor, a end of the filter reactor is used to connect the end of the electrical network, the another out-port of the contravariant network is used to connect the another end of the electrical network directly, the direct drive IGBT signal which is transformed by the above IGBT actuation module is used in realizing the contravariant network lead and shutdown.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the inversion grid connection technology, relate to Power Conversion and Measurement and Control System that a kind of distributed new is incorporated into the power networks and powers, relate in particular to a kind of photovoltaic network inverter based on the conversion of Z source power.
Background technology
The development of economic society makes people rise steadily to energy demand, and traditional using energy source structure based on non-renewable energy resources such as oil can not satisfy the needs of social economy's sustainable development; On the other hand, traditional energy uses and exists the serious environmental pollution problem.What form sharp contrast with traditional energy is that the renewable energy power generation of representative has cleanliness without any pollution, inexhaustible characteristics with solar energy.Therefore, making full use of renewable energy power generation, improve the using energy source structure, is the important prerequisite that realizes sustainable economic development and improve environment.Given this, countries in the world are dropped into huge manpower and materials successively the correlation technique in the renewable energy utilization are studied.
Combining inverter is that the solar energy converting that will change is the power conversion unit that metastable alternating current is connected to the grid and uses for load.The inverter that is applied in solar grid-connected generating need be realized following function: 1, the sinusoidal waveform of output low distortion, the electric energy that can be connected to the grid with synchronized.2, make solar battery array always work in the maximum power output state, function with maximal power tracing output, 3, under solar cell power generation cost condition with higher at present, the appropriate design system, improve the system works reliability, improve power conversion efficiency.
Exist following shortcoming during conventional bridge inverter main circuit uses: on the one hand logical bridge inverter main circuit belongs to step-down (Buck) type translation circuit.In photovoltaic parallel in system; because the photovoltaic array output voltage is lower, and when acquisition is arranged simultaneously than the needs of high output voltage, can adopts transformer usually or increase the method for one-level Boost; but these class methods all exist device volume to increase the shortcoming that conversion efficiency is low.
On the other hand, be not allow the existence of this pass-through state of two switching tubes conducting simultaneously up and down of same brachium pontis during conventional inverter uses, can will import the short circuit of power supply mistake when straight-through, and then can cause damage power supply, device.Usually, can avoid upper and lower bridge arm conducting simultaneously by the method that the dead band is set.The shortcoming that this method is brought is that output current harmonics increases.Simultaneously, still exist in actual the use and cause straight-through up and down situation because of the electromagnetic interference of various complexity, thereby the damage device influences useful life of device integral body.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides and a kind ofly can improve system changeover efficient, improve the device operational environment, improve system's photovoltaic network inverter based on the conversion of Z source power in useful life.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of photovoltaic network inverter based on the conversion of Z source power, comprise: the Power Conversion major loop, DSP TT﹠C system and IGBT driver module, the DSP TT﹠C system is used for voltage, current signal is sampled, computing obtains the adjustable pwm signal sequence of pulse duration, convert to by the IGBT driver module again and can directly drive the IGBT signal, the Power Conversion major loop comprises solar battery array, the Z source impedance network, inversion network and filter reactor, two outputs of solar battery array are connected with two inputs of Z source impedance network respectively, two outputs of Z source impedance network are connected with two inputs of inversion network respectively, an output of inversion network is connected with an end of filter reactor, one end of filter reactor is used to connect an end of electrical network, another output of inversion network is directly used in the other end that connects electrical network, and the direct driving IGBT signal of above-mentioned IGBT driver module conversion is used to realize the turn-on and turn-off of inversion network.Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
(1) this device has utilized the powerful data-handling capacity of TMS320F2812 chip, be equipped with A/D sampling A AD7656 and Hall element at a high speed, can be to gathering in real time and handle based on the AC signal in the photovoltaic network inverter main circuit of Z source power converter.
(2) this device adopts the M57962AL drive circuit after improving that IGBT is driven, improves starting to control a little of overcurrent protection, can realize more reliable, stable driving.
(3) based on the main circuit mapped structure of Z source power conversion when having satisfied the demand that solar cell is boosted, the conversion efficiency of having avoided traditional employing transformer or one-level BOOST link to be brought is low, the shortcoming that device volume is big, thus make the present invention have conversion efficiency height, advantage that device volume is little.
(4), obtained the effect of boosting by this state of the direct conducting of same inverter circuit upper and lower bridge arm two power tubes based on the structure of Z source power conversion.This method has been avoided the The dead time of conventional inverter owing to allow the direct conducting of upper and lower bridge arm simultaneously, has effectively improved the transformation of electrical energy quality, and the reliability that improved device work, and the useful life of device.
(5) software algorithm adopts the power outer shroud.Three structures that closed loop jointly controls of outer voltage and current inner loop, solar panel maximal power tracing needs have effectively been satisfied, the three aspect requirements that output synchronized electric current needs and the lifting solar array voltage needs for inversion based on Z source power conversion solar grid-connected inverter.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of Power Conversion major loop of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an IGBT driver module block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the sub-driver module schematic diagram of IGBT driver module of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of DSP TT﹠C system of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is DSP circuit theory diagrams of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a DSP TT﹠C software control algolithm flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of photovoltaic network inverter based on the conversion of Z source power, comprise: Power Conversion major loop 1, DSP TT﹠C system 2 and IGBT driver module, DSP TT﹠C system 2 is used for voltage, current signal is sampled, computing obtains the adjustable pwm signal sequence of pulse duration, convert to by the IGBT driver module again and can directly drive the IGBT signal, Power Conversion major loop 1 comprises solar battery array 11, Z source impedance network 12, inversion network 13 and filter reactor 14, two outputs of solar battery array 11 are connected with two inputs of Z source impedance network 12 respectively, two outputs of Z source impedance network 12 are connected with two inputs of inversion network 13 respectively, an output of inversion network 13 is connected with an end of filter reactor 14, one end of filter reactor 14 is used to connect an end of electrical network 5, another output of inversion network 13 is directly used in the other end that connects electrical network 5, and the direct driving IGBT signal of above-mentioned IGBT driver module conversion is used to realize the turn-on and turn-off of inversion network 13.
With reference to Fig. 2, above-mentioned photovoltaic network inverter based on the conversion of Z source power, Z source impedance network 12 comprises diode D1, first, second inductance L 1, L2 and first, the second capacitor C1, C2,1 end of first inductance L 1,2 ends respectively with 1 end of the first capacitor C1,1 end of the second capacitor C2 connects, 1 end of second inductance L 2,2 ends respectively with 2 ends of the first capacitor C1,2 ends of the second capacitor C2 connect, 1 end of first inductance L 1 also is connected with the negative pole of diode D1, the positive pole of diode D1,1 end of second inductance L 2 is respectively as two inputs of Z source impedance network 12, and 2 ends of 2 ends of first inductance L 1 and second inductance L 2 are respectively as two outputs of the Z source impedance network 12 of Z source impedance network 12.It is pass-through state at a new state that the Z source allows invertor operation, and this moment, two switchgears conducting simultaneously of same brachium pontis formed short-circuit condition in DC side.Energy has inductive transmission to electric capacity in the pass-through state process, has therefore increased the voltage hoisting power of inverter.Because it is more taller than input voltage that electric capacity may be charged to, need before the Z source, add a diode D1 and prevent current reversal.
With reference to Fig. 5, described photovoltaic network inverter based on the conversion of Z source power, DSP TT﹠C system 2 comprises voltage sample module 211, current sample module 212, AD modular converter 22 and DSP control module 23, DSP control module 23 is used to control the sampling of voltage sample module 211 and current sample module 212, voltage sample module 211 and current sample module 212 are respectively applied for gathers photovoltaic battery panel voltage Vpv, line voltage Vgrid, shunt capacitance voltage Vc and photovoltaic cell electric current I pv, power network current Igrid, the signal that is obtained by 212 samplings of voltage sample module 211 and current sample module is after AD modular converter 22 carries out the AD conversion, offer DSP control module 23, obtain the adjustable pwm signal sequence of pulse duration by 23 computings of DSP control module.Voltage sensor adopts the HNV025A Hall voltage transducer of Zhongxu Electronics Tech Co., Ltd. in this measure and control device.This transducer is applicable to measuring voltage 10～500V, and the secondary output-current rating is 25mA, just can obtain voltage on the former limit by multiply by conversion coefficient by measuring voltage Vpv, Vgrid on this sensor resistance Rm, Vc like this.
Current sensor adopts the HNC03SY Hall current sensor of Zhongxu Electronics Tech Co., Ltd. in this measure and control device.The specified measurement electric current in the former limit of this transducer is that 3A (AC/DC) secondary output rated voltage is 4V (AC/DC).Just can draw the value of the electric current on the former limit like this by measuring junction voltage Ipv, the Igrid that measures this transducer.
Data acquisition system comprises 3 Hall voltage transducer HNV025A and 2 Hall current sensor HNC03SY, 3 Hall voltage transducers are gathered photovoltaic battery panel voltage Vpv respectively, line voltage Vgrid and shunt capacitance voltage Vc, 2 Hall current sensors are gathered photovoltaic cell electric current I pv and power network current Igrid respectively.
The A/D conversion chip adopts the AD7656 of U.S. AD company in the sample circuit, 16 analog to digital converters of a kind of high speed of this chip, and its sampling rate is 250kS/s, has the characteristics of extremely low power dissipation, input range is-5V～+ 5V, can satisfy the needs of device.Receive AIN1～AIN5 passage of AD7656 from the measuring-signal of the secondary of voltage, current sensor after through the RC low-pass filtering, and change, the result outputs to the DSP control unit.
This module mainly realizes AC sampling, so with 5 tunnel AC signal process transducer, be connected to the input of AD7656, the output of AD7656 is connected to DSP.Realize photovoltaic battery panel voltage Vpv, line voltage Vgrid and shunt capacitance voltage Vc, the sampling of photovoltaic cell electric current I pv and power network current Igrid and AD conversion work.
In this measure and control device, the DSP control section is a core circuit, realize must could realizing by dsp chip the functions such as monitoring, driving of device.This chip of TMS320F2812 has following characteristics: (1) high primary frequency, the i.e. dominant frequency of 150MHz (2) low-power consumption, 1.8V and 3.3V power supply.(3) the inner FLASH of 128K, the inner SARAM of 18K can extend out the 1M memory.Memory is a unified addressing, and its addressing space reaches 4M.(4) interrupt resources is abundant, can support 45 peripheral hardware levels to interrupt and 3 external interrupt.Extracting interrupt vector and preserving on-the-spot needs 9 clock cycle, and response rapidly.(5) have two task manager EVA and EVB, these all make the F2812 chip can realize data processing fast more flexibly in control, make this chip be particularly suitable for the control of power device.
Dsp chip has solidified the program of whole system software control part, and its function comprises: control AD7656 chip is sampled conversion to the signal of telecommunication; Handle through the digital signal after the conversion, by control program, computing obtains the adjustable pwm signal of suitable pulse duration; Pwm pulse is delivered to the IGBT driver module, and the IGBT that drives in the main Power Conversion loop constantly disconnects closure, according to predetermined pwm pulse pattern work.The final Power Conversion requirement that realizes the electric energy of solar energy output to the electric energy output that can be incorporated into the power networks.
TT﹠C system is connected with power major loop, IGBT driver module: with photovoltaic cell operating voltage collection terminal in the power major loop, photovoltaic cell operating current collection terminal, capacitance voltage collection terminal in the Z source impedance network, the line voltage collection terminal, the grid-connected current collection terminal is connected with the collection terminal of above-mentioned Hall element respectively.The PWM1 of DSP control board～PWM4 end is connected with corresponding PWM1～PWM4 end in the driver module respectively.
Above-mentioned software control system is to instruct the core of whole system operation, and control system is described as relative program and is cured in the middle of the dsp chip with DSP language to understand, is responsible for the operation of control DSP.
Control system is made of three closed-loop control systems, and one deck is maximal power tracing control, is responsible for the maximum power output of tracking solar cell panel; Secondly one deck is a voltage layer, and boosting is provided, can be with capacitance voltage in the Z source impedance network to reference voltage; Current control layer is responsible for Control current output sineization, and keeps output synchronously with electrical network.Three ring controls make based on the photovoltaic network inverter energy operate as normal of Z source power conversion, and satisfy the needs of three aspects simultaneously: the needs of maximal power tracing; The solar panel output voltage is boosted, and reach the needs of the required voltage that is incorporated into the power networks; And output and electrical network remain synchronous sinusoidal current.
Designed software control algorithm based on TMS320F2812 according to as above thought on the DSP platform, software flow is as follows:
At first, system finishes 2812 and starts required initialization procedure, comprising: 1, system initialization: the system clock setting, to forbid and remove all CPU interrupting, and the initialization vector table is to default conditions, the initialization vector table.2, system enables the underflow interruption of timer 1, exports in order to drive PWM, and sets pwm pulse cycle, working method.3, redistribute interrupt vector, enable the interruption 6 (T1UFINT) of PIE group 2, enable CPU INT2 (T1UFINT).4, enable global interrupt and limit priority real-time debug task manager function.5, initialization POWER adjustment module, initialization VOLTAGE adjustment module, initialization CURRENT adjustment module.6, enter the circular wait state, wait for and interrupting.
Interrupt taking place, enter interruption subroutine and handle: carry out the AD sampling module successively, maximal power tracing POWER module is boosted and is regulated VOLTAGE module, phase-locked synchronous PLL module, Current Regulation CURRENT module, pwm pulse generation module.After executing above-mentioned module successively, refresh interrupt vector table, and return in the main program, reenter the circular wait state, wait for the generation of next time interrupting.
The DSP program constantly enters in the interrupt routine under the effect of timer 1 and handles, and the system that finally guaranteed is in maximal power tracing all the time, with the operating state of output synchronizing current to electrical network.
The function of drive plate mainly comprises: the control signal that DSP is sent, but be converted to the signal of telecommunication of the IGBT work in the driving power major loop, guarantee that the IGBT follow procedure need carry out the switching of conducting and shutoff.With reference to Fig. 4, whole driver module plate by four independently the driven element module constitute, Fig. 4 is that each IGBT drives detailed circuit in the module.IGBT drives and adopts the M57962AL chip design.M57962AL is to be to drive the thick film integrated circuit that IGBT designs by the Mitsubishi electric corporation.The M57962AL driver module is the core of IGBT drive circuit, major function as shown in Figure 1: reception control circuit sends opens and turn-offs the IGBT signal, converts corresponding driving voltage to and drives opening and turn-offing of IGBT.
The photoelectrical coupler of 25O0V high-isolating is housed in driver module inside, and current foldback circuit and overcurrent protection lead-out terminal have the closure short-circuit protection function.M57962AL is a kind of high-speed driving circuit, and drive signal time-delay TPLH and TPLH are 1.5US to the maximum.Can drive the IGBT module of 600V/400V level.
Each pin function of M57962AL is as follows: 1 end and 2 ends: fault detect input; 4 ends: meet positive supply VCC; 5 ends: drive signal output; 6 ends: meet negative supply VEE; 8 ends: fault-signal output; 13 ends and 14 ends: driving signal input; 9～12 ends are dead end.
M57962AL peripheral applications circuit as shown in the figure.Practical application circuit shown in Figure 2 has IGBT over-current over-voltage protection function.
When the voltage that detects input 1 end was 7V, module was judged to be short circuit, will go into the input signal shutoff of M57962AL immediately by optocoupler output cut-off signals, thereby made its 5 end output low level that the GD two ends of IGBT are placed negative sense biasing, reliable turn-off.It is low level that the while output error signal makes failure output terminal 8 ends, thereby drives external protective circuit work.After 2～3 seconds, if detecting 13 ends is high level, then M57962AL resumes work during the court of a feudal ruler.Voltage-stabiliser tube DZ1 is used to prevent that D1 from puncturing and damages M57962AL, and Rg is a current-limiting resistance, and DZ2 and DZ3 play the amplitude limit effect, reliably opens and turn-offs to guarantee IGBT, and do not misleaded or puncture.
The M57962AL working procedure: behind power connection, whether at first self check detects IGBT and transships or short circuit.If overload or short circuit, the collector potential of IGBT raises, and the electric current that flows into testing circuit through external diode increases, the gate turn-off circuit operation, and the gate drive signal that cuts off IGBT is simultaneously in " 8 " pin output low level " overload/short circuit " index signal.IGBT just often, input signal is through the photoelectricity coupled interface circuit, again through driving stage power amplification rear drive IGBT.
Module connects: respectively PWM1～PWM4 end of DSP is connected to the PWM end of IGBT driven element module 1～IGBT driven element module 4, S, G, the D of the corresponding IGBT in S, the G of IGBT driven element module 1～IGBT driven element module 4, D end and the corresponding power major loop is held to be connected simultaneously.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of photovoltaic network inverter based on the conversion of Z source power, comprise: Power Conversion major loop (1), DSP TT﹠C system (2) and IGBT driver module, DSP TT﹠C system (2) is used for voltage, current signal is sampled, computing obtains the adjustable pwm signal sequence of pulse duration, convert to by the IGBT driver module again and can directly drive the IGBT signal, it is characterized in that Power Conversion major loop (1) comprises solar battery array (11), Z source impedance network (12), inversion network (13) and filter reactor (14), two outputs of solar battery array (11) are connected with two inputs of Z source impedance network (12) respectively, two outputs of Z source impedance network (12) are connected with two inputs of inversion network (13) respectively, an output of inversion network (13) is connected with an end of filter reactor (14), one end of filter reactor (14) is used to connect an end of electrical network (5), another output of inversion network (13) is directly used in the other end that connects electrical network (5), and the direct driving IGBT signal of above-mentioned IGBT driver module conversion is used to realize the turn-on and turn-off of inversion network (13).
2, photovoltaic network inverter based on the conversion of Z source power according to claim 1, it is characterized in that Z source impedance network (12) comprises diode (D1), first, second inductance (the L1, L2) and first, second capacitor (the C1, C2), 1 end of first inductance (L1), 2 ends respectively with 1 end of first capacitor (C1), 1 end of second capacitor (C2) connects, 1 end of second inductance (L2), 2 ends respectively with 2 ends of first capacitor (C1), 2 ends of second capacitor (C2) connect, 1 end of first inductance (L1) also is connected with the negative pole of diode (D1), the positive pole of diode (D1), 1 end of second inductance (L2) is respectively as two inputs of Z source impedance network (12), and 2 ends of 2 ends of first inductance (L1) and second inductance (L2) are respectively as two outputs of the Z source impedance network (12) of Z source impedance network (12).
3, photovoltaic network inverter based on the conversion of Z source power according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that DSP TT﹠C system (2) comprises voltage sample module (211), current sample module (212), AD modular converter (22) and DSP control module (23), DSP control module (23) is used to control the sampling of voltage sample module (211) and current sample module (212), voltage sample module (211) and current sample module (212) are respectively applied for gathers photovoltaic battery panel voltage Vpv, line voltage Vgrid, shunt capacitance voltage Vc and photovoltaic cell electric current I pv, power network current Igrid, the signal that is obtained by the sampling of voltage sample module (211) and current sample module (212) is after AD modular converter (22) carries out the AD conversion, offer DSP control module (23), obtain the adjustable pwm signal sequence of pulse duration by DSP control module (23) computing.
4, the photovoltaic network inverter based on the conversion of Z source power according to claim 3 is characterized in that DSP control module (23) comprising:
A power tracking module is used for the tracking of the peak power output of solar battery array (11);
A boost module is used for the supercharging of first, second capacitor of Z source impedance network (12) (C1, C2);
A current synchronization module is used to guarantee the Phase synchronization of filter reactor (14) output current and line voltage.
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| WO2009137969A1 (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-11-19 | Xuan Kun | A photovoltaic grid-connected inverter device without a transformer and its control method |
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| WO2009137969A1 (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-11-19 | Xuan Kun | A photovoltaic grid-connected inverter device without a transformer and its control method |
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