CN101082290A

CN101082290A - Variable displacement, constant (air density) compression ratio, constant air/fuel ratio and non air throttle reciprocating engine

Info

Publication number: CN101082290A
Application number: CN200710057139.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 兰永柱
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-04-13
Filing date: 2007-04-13
Publication date: 2007-12-05

Abstract

The engine in this invention has five strokes of sucking, exhaling, pressing, bursting and eliminating. The sucking and exhaling divide the sucking stroke of the existing engine. The engine power is adjusted by the long-short exhaling stroke which is resolved by the coupled and combined camshaft mechanism. The engine saves the suction stroke consuming and reduces the emission without installing the air throttle. The ratio of the upper center capacity and the inflatable amount of the cylinder is kept as a constant by moving the upper and lower cylinders and the camshaft mechanism synchronously. The relative position between the upper and lower cylinders/the camshaft mechanism and the axle core under different work conditions can be detected by the sensor. The detecting value is used to calibrate the fuel supplies. The relationship between the cylinder inflatable amount and the cam mandrel 36 moving amount appears nonlinear by adjusting the shape the cam mandrel driving groove 43. It selectively optimizes the quasi-sidereal compression ratio and air-fuel ratio under different work conditions, which is more energy-saving and environmental protection than the traditional engines.

Description

The permanent air fuel ratio non air throttle reciprocating engine of a kind of change discharge capacity perseverance (air density) compression ratio

Technical field: the present invention relates to Reciprocating engine.

Background technique

Four-stroke Reciprocating engine by closure control has moved century-old, is one of foundation stone of modern civilization.Its research carried out and the work of improving were never stopped, a large amount of application of new technology wherein, modern motor is gradually improved.But so-called improving is to be based upon on the basis of intrinsic mode of operation.Its former intrinsic also be that existing mode of operation is such: to press quick-fried row is the four-stroke method of operation of sign to inhale, adjust engine operating condition by closure with control cylinder air inflow, fixing cylinder top dead center volume is arranged, in fixing angle lower inlet valve closure.This motor has deficiency, means that by closure control suction stroke is to carry out under the condition of negative pressure, and the suction stroke of most motors in most times carried out under condition of negative pressure, causes many consumed energies; Be difficult to reach desirable balance between fixing cylinder top dead center volume and the cylinder charging amount by closure adjustment variation, the compression ratio of air is a variable, this means that many consumes energy discharge pollutants more.

Summary of the invention

The synchronous continued moving displacement device of multichannel.Last lower cylinder body shifter.The assembled camshaft mechanism of interlock.The oil supply system of accurate constant air-fule ratio under different working conditions.Four independent inventions are finished the problem of suction stroke using simultaneously on the motor with regard to having solved motor under negative pressure, solve the accurate constant compression ratio of different operating mode air density, accurate constant air fuel ratio.Use motor of the present invention to have suction to exhale and press five strokes of quick-fried row, suction wherein and pressure are cut apart the pressure stroke of available engine, adjust engine power by the length of exhaling stroke, the length of exhaling stroke is to be solved by the assembled camshaft mechanism of interlock, therefore motor need not be installed closure and save the suction journey power consumption under the negative pressure, has reduced discharging.On the synchronous interlock in the synchronous continued moving displacement device of multichannel road the lower cylinder body shifter and assembled camshaft mechanism, just make that ratio is constant between cylinder top dead center volume and the cylinder charging amount, this just makes motor realize accurate permanent compression ratio under full operating mode.By sensor relative position between lower cylinder body or camshaft and the cam mandrel under the different working conditions, demarcate the supplying fuel amount with checkout value, this just makes motor realize accurate permanent air fuel ratio under full operating mode.

Displacement system moves the distance between these motor somewhere two parts by the trailing type normal valve that commutates, by trailing type commutation normal valve, and two-way cylinder, oil pump, oil pipe is formed.Trailing type commutation normal valve by valve body 15, is leant on stopper rod 16, limit chamber, and spacing snap ring 13 is formed.

The valve body 15 of trailing type commutation normal valve or lean on the cylinder body 1 of stopper rod 16 and oil cylinder or piston rod 2 is rigidly connected and can moves thereupon, limit chamber is the constant space between end cap 14 valve bodies 15, spacing snap ring 13 is stuck in to be leant in the stopper rod 16 upper limit chambeies, trailing type commutation normal valve is the selector valve that one of two groups of interlocks select three of ABC, be subjected to spacing snap ring 13 restrictions, piston rod 16 and valve body 15 can only move between A position and C position, B position, neutral position between A position and the C position is to turn-off the position, two groups of selector valves are respectively applied for fuel feeding and oil return, with oil pipe oil supply hole 9 directly is communicated with oil pump or pressure oil conservator, spill port 10 is communicated with oil conservator, what oilhole 12 and 12 ' was connected jointly is oil cylinder A chamber oilhole 7, and what oilhole 11 and 11 ' was connected jointly is oil cylinder C chamber oilhole 8.Cylinder action when manual operation strength running fix valve body 15 and when leaning on relative position between the stopper rod 16, the result of cylinder action is: with the cylinder body 1 of oil cylinder or piston rod 2 rigidly connected to normal valve valve body 15 or lean on that stopper rod 16 is followed and move, selector valve changes to B position oil circuit and turn-offs thereupon, two-way cylinder is stopped at the target bit of manual operation, and the parts that are moved are stopped at the target bit of manual operation.

The synchronous continued moving displacement device of multichannel, by the instruction parts, continuous action device, two-way cylinder, oil pump, oil pipe is formed, and duplicates the purpose that reaches collaborative each subsystem work by instruction.The instruction parts are exactly not with the cylinder body 1 or the piston rod 2 rigidly connected change valves 15 of two-way cylinder or lean on stopper rod 16, if rigidly connected be that valve body 15 then plunger rod 16 are exactly to instruct parts, vice versa.By synchronous mobile N son instruction of female instruction parts parts, make trailing type commutation normal valve be in A position or C position, oil cylinder moves corresponding parts, instruct parts to send to move to the instruction of certain position by mother, N sub-two-way cylinder reaches command value with moved further N to the distance between the component, the device of synchronous mobile N son instruction of female instruction parts parts can be the known technology of machinery, or finish by the Displacement system of being formed with trailing type commutation normal valve two-way cylinder, instruct parts to control the trailing type normal valve by mother, cause the two-way cylinder piston rod with moved further N son instruction parts, control the individual trailing type commutation normal valve of N again by N son instruction parts, cause N two-way cylinder with moved further N group component: or controlled by certain group that the sub-instructions parts are controlled N Sun Zhiling parts are installed between the component, N Sun Zhiling parts are controlled component by one group and are driven and obtain synchronic command, and N Sun Zhiling parts oil cylinder that worked is again controlled N and organized component.Component are controlled and are moved, and the parameter of its place system is then controlled.The parameter of several place system is controlled optimization to reach whole optimization through autotelic.

Last lower cylinder body shifter.By upper cylinder body, lower cylinder body, the synchronous shift device that the N group is made up of trailing type commutation normal valve two-way cylinder, driving belt tensity regulating device is formed, the cylinder body of this motor is made up of two-part, lower cylinder body 22 is made up of motor machine pawl intrinsic on bottom cylinder body and the cylinder body 27 oil end bent axle axle beds 26 and bent axle, upper cylinder body 23 is made up of all parts and the device of the intrinsic motors except that lower cylinder body such as cylinder barrel cylinder cap distribution oil supplying device of top cylinder body and top cylinder body, all have between the last lower cylinder body and slidably contact the end each other, contact the outer rim that the end is socketed in the contact end down, contact up and down oil sealing 24 is arranged between the end, last lower cylinder body has N group displacement rails device, the last lower cylinder body that has N group synchronous shift device to support, last lower cylinder body can be subjected to displacement under the driving of the synchronous continuous action device of multichannel, this displacement is a basic point with the crank spindle axis, and this displacement has changed the piston top dead center volume of engine cylinder

Driving belt tensity regulating device, by driving belt 29, pair of driven 30, a pair of driving lever 31, pair of links 33, a pair of driving pedestal axle 32, a pedestal axle 34, upper cylinder body extending body 23 ', lower cylinder body extending body 22 is formed, follower 30 wheel shafts driving lever 31 1 ends that are rotationally connected, driving lever 31 middle parts are rotationally connected and drive pedestal axle 32, driving lever 31 the other ends connecting rod 33 1 ends that are rotationally connected, the other end co-rotation of pair of links 33 connects pedestal axle 34, and other is fixedly connected on a pair of driving pedestal axle 32 and pedestal axle 34 interchangeable branch above upper cylinder body extending body 23 ' the lower cylinder body extending body 22 ', pedestal axle 34 push-and-pull pair of links 33 when last lower cylinder body moves, the other end of connecting rod 33 push-and-pull driving lever 31 is driven 32 positioning control of pedestal axle, and the follower 30 of driving lever one end moves, pair of driven 30 moves two sides that compress jointly or loosen driving belt 29, finishes the adjustment to the driving belt tensity.Driving belt tensity regulating device has solved by last lower cylinder body and has moved the driving belt relaxation problem that causes, driving belt is the general designation of flexible drive parts, as synchronous chain V-shape belt etc.

The assembled camshaft mechanism of interlock, camshaft 35 by hollow, cam mandrel 36, rise the cam set of advancing that intake cam 37, cam valve 38, cam valve limiting stopper 39 form, lift valve spare termination, resistance swing offset device, the synchronous shift device comprises that also all parts except that the intake cam group are formed.

A cam mandrel 36 is arranged in the camshaft 35 of hollow, pin 40 grooves 41 structures that axial sliding fit is arranged between camshaft 35 and the cam mandrel 36, the intake cam of this camshaft is by rising the intake cam group that intake cam 37 and cam valve 38 combine, rising intake cam 37 cam valve slide rails and cam valve limiting stopper 39 and camshaft 35 is one, be on the camshaft of hollow, to process to obtain, the cam valve slide rail is cylinder type and concentric with camshaft, the cam valve slide rail is the groove that rises between intake cam and the cam valve limiting stopper, cam valve 38 tops are with to rise intake cam 37 profile phases same, the semicircular face that trackslips that matches with the cam valve slide rail is arranged at cam valve 38 bottoms, the driving pin that trackslips and face down and extend to form two symmetries of cam valve 38, two drive the pin side and all have the hole.Be installed with drive pin 42, the drive pin center line points to the camshaft axle center, have N pair and the uneven cam valve driver slot 43 in axle center on the cam mandrel 35, have a pair of driving window slotted hole 44 on each cam valve slide rail, two lines that drive the center line mid point of slotted hole 44 can pass the camshaft axle center, during assembly, cam mandrel 36 inserts in the camshaft 35 of hollow, cam valve 38 is installed on the cam valve slide rail, drive pin 42 on the cam valve 38 passes in the driver slot 43 that drives window slotted hole 44 insertion cam mandrels 35, when cam mandrel 35 is driven in camshaft 36 when mobile by the synchronous shift device, driver slot 43 is by drive pin 42 driving cam lobes 38, cam valve 38 is that rotate along protruding opinion lobe slide rail in the center of circle with the camshaft axle center, and sense of rotation is against the camshaft sense of rotation, and cam mandrel 35 rotates with camshaft 36 during work.

It has the lift valve wing 45 lift valve spare termination, the structure of the valve wing 46 is fallen, be in lift valve spare lower end, the lift valve wing 45 is consubstantialities with falling the valve wing 46, the common lift valve spare termination of forming, the lift valve wing 45 is that interior circle is leant on face with falling the valve wing 46 its underparts, in circle lean on the curvature that the curvature of face equals the movement locus in intake cam top when work, its underpart can contact with the working surface generation line style of intake cam group, and its lift valve wing only contacts and rises intake cam, is driven and rising lift valve spare, fall the valve wing and only contact cam valve, be subjected to its control decline lift valve spare, lift valve spare termination is unique and the parts effect of intake cam group, and lift valve spare termination is driven by intake cam directly.

Resistance swing offset device, form by bearing 45, link 46 and pedestal 47, the synchronous shift device is to be the synchronous shift device of combination with normal valve, two-way cylinder, Internal and external cycle fixedly connected cam mandrel 36 axle heads of difference of a bearing and an end of link 46, there is the keyway arrangements 48 with pedestal 47 sliding fits at link 46 middle parts, and link pedestal 47 is fixedlyed connected with engine cylinder-body, the fixedly connected two-way cylinder cylinder body 1 of link 46 the other ends, the extension part of piston rod 2 fixedly connected pedestals 47

During the two-way cylinder action, link 46 push-and-pull cam cores take out 36, resistance swing offset device bearing 45 has wherein been blocked cam mandrel 36 rotating forces, pin 40 grooves 41 structural limitations between cam mandrel 36 and the cam 35 both radial displacements, driver slot 43 driving cam lobes 38 on the cam mandrel 36 rotate, rise the lift valve wing 45 of intake cam 37 jack-up lift valve spare terminations, 46 on the valve wing that falls that rises on the raft spare is controlled by cam valve 38, and suction valve cuts out angle-controlled in the synchronous continued moving displacement device of multichannel and synchronous with last lower cylinder body shifter

The oil supply system of accurate constant air-fule ratio under different working conditions, by sensor, transducer, automatically controlled, software, electric injection system is formed, sensor is known displacement transducer, be installed between the lower cylinder body or camshaft and cam mandrel between, because between the last lower cylinder body and the change in displacement between camshaft and the cam mandrel be synchronous, this signal of sensor is with the variation that is directly proportional of cylinder top dead center volume or air inflow, indicate cylinder top dead center volume or cylinder charging amount, by known technology with the signal of this sensor as the master signal of adjusting fuel injection amount, adjust control EFI pulsewidth, make supplying fuel amount and cylinder top dead center volume or cylinder charging amount proportional, be motor supply fuel oil.The fuel delivery of this oil supply system is directly proportional with the cylinder charging amount, has caused the result of accurate constant air-fule ratio under different working conditions.

The physical concept of compression ratio is the ratio before and after the compression of cylinder air density in this case.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a Displacement system preferred embodiment schematic representation

Fig. 2 has exemplified the example that cooperates of four kinds of two-way cylinders and normal valve.

Fig. 3 is that the synchronous continued moving displacement device of multichannel is implemented illustration,

Fig. 4 is a commutation normal valve oil circuit partial structurtes application example schematic representation

Fig. 5 is last lower cylinder body shifter two embodiment's schematic representation

Fig. 6 is the enforcement illustration of driving belt tensity regulating device

Fig. 7 is for being the assembled camshaft partial structurtes schematic representation of interlock

Fig. 8 is lift valve spare end structure master, face upward, side figure and with exhaust cam group master, side figure relevant position schematic representation

Fig. 9 is resistance swing offset device structure and Displacement system and cam assembling example schematic representation

Embodiment

On a motor, use the synchronous continued moving displacement device of multichannel simultaneously, last lower cylinder body shifter.The assembled camshaft mechanism of interlock, the oil supply system of accurate constant air-fule ratio.

Be described in detail specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing

The Displacement system preferred embodiment is seen accompanying drawing 1.Displacement system is exactly by controlling to move the distance between these motor system two parts, and trailing type commutation normal valve by valve body 15, is leant on stopper rod 16, limit chamber 5, and spacing snap ring 13 is formed.

The Displacement system preferred embodiment is as follows:

The valve body 15 of trailing type commutation normal valve is rigidly connected with the cylinder body 1 of oil cylinder and can moves thereupon, limit chamber 5 is the constant spaces between end cap 14 valve bodies 15, spacing snap ring 13 is stuck in to be leant in the stopper rod upper limit chamber, trailing type commutation normal valve is the selector valve that one of two groups of interlocks select three of ABC, be subjected to spacing snap ring 13 restrictions, leaning on 15 of stopper rod 16 and valve bodies may displacement between A position and C position, and the neutral position between A and the C is that the B position is to turn-off the position, and selector valve is in the C position among the figure.Two groups of selector valves are respectively applied for supply pressure oil and oil return, with oil pipe oilhole 9 directly is communicated with oil pump or pressure oil conservator, oilhole 10 is communicated with oil conservators, oilhole 12 oilholes 12 ' the oil cylinder A chamber oilhole 7 that is connected in parallel, what oilhole 11 oilholes 11 ' were connected in parallel is oil cylinder C chamber oilhole 8.Drag-line 20 passes Returnning spring 18 and passes the basic point arm 21 fixedly connected stopper rods 16 of leaning on, cable sleeve 19 is hampered by basic point arm 21, basic point arm 21 is meant the parts of fixedlying connected with cylinder body and can not moved by oil cylinder, piston rod support point 4 connects basic point arm 21, when manual operation strength by drag-line 20 running fix valve bodies 15 and when leaning on relative position between the stopper rod 16, the commutation normal valve is in A position or C position, cylinder action, the result of cylinder action is: with the cylinder body 1 of oil cylinder rigidly connected to the valve body 15 of normal valve follow and move, selector valve changes to the shutoff of B position oil circuit thereupon, and two-way cylinder is stopped at the target bit of manual operation.Oil

cylinder support point

3 and 4 displacements of piston rod support point have changed the distance between two parts.

Fig. 2 has exemplified the combination example of four kinds of two-way cylinders and normal valve.Be respectively: valve body 15 is rigidly connected with piston rod 2; Valve body 15 is rigidly connected with cylinder body 1; C leans on stopper rod 16 and is rigidly connected with cylinder body 1; Leaning on stopper rod 16 is rigidly connected with piston rod 1.In above example, do not implement rigidly connected valve body 15 or work and lean on the instruction parts that stopper rod 16 is the control of manual operation strength.The parts and instruction parts that two-way cylinder moved should move by equidirectional, and this also can reach same effect.

Fig. 3 is that the synchronous continued moving displacement device of multichannel is implemented illustration, and leaning on stopper rod 16 among the figure is exactly female instruction parts, and it is mobile that female instruction parts 16 are controlled by drag-line 20.Make trailing type commutation normal valve be in A position or C position, oil cylinder work, mobile piston bar 2, load push-pull 16 ' is fixedlyed connected with piston rod 2, load push-pull 16 ' pulling N bar drag-line 20 ', drag-line 20 ' is the sub-instructions parts, N bar drag-line 20 ' row is again controlled N group Displacement system.

Another kind of embodiment is as follows for the synchronous continued moving displacement device of multichannel: it is mobile that female instruction parts 16 are controlled by drag-line 20, pass through continuous action device, finally cause a pair of controlled parts displacement, by controlled parts pulling N bar drag-line 20 ', N bar drag-line 20 ' row is again controlled N group Displacement system.

Fig. 4 is a commutation normal valve oil duct partial structurtes application example schematic representation

One of two groups of oil circuits of commutation normal valve shown in the figure among embodiment group structure, this structure is identical with another group structure, by normal valve valve body 15, lean on stopper rod 16 and form, lean on and have the parallel oil duct 52 of N bar on the stopper rod 16, or, consider processing cost apart from the oil duct of tee section, through being preferably the parallel oil duct 52 of N bar, lean on and also have connectivity slot 54 on the stopper rod 16, connectivity slot 54 is communicated with the parallel oil duct of N bar, and connectivity slot 54 is communicated with oilhole 10 all the time in leaning on stopper rod 16 displacement range.Normal valve valve body 15 inner chambers have two oil traps 53 and 53 ', are communicated with oilhole 12 and 12 ' respectively all the time, and when selector valve was in conducting A position or C position, oil trap 53 or oil trap 53 ' were communicated with N bar oil duct 52.This example mainly solves the speed of response of Displacement system, and speed of response is related with the oil duct cross section, leans on the oversize in the axial direction Location accuracy that then influences of oil duct 52 on the stopper rod 16.

Fig. 5 is last lower cylinder body shifter two embodiments: by upper cylinder body 23, lower cylinder body 22, the N group is by trailing type commutation normal valve, the synchronous shift device that two-way cylinder is formed, driving belt tensity regulating device is formed, the cylinder body of this motor is made up of two-part, lower cylinder body 22 is by motor machine pawl 27 intrinsic on bottom cylinder body and the cylinder body, the oil end, bent axle axle bed 26 and bent axle are formed, upper cylinder body 23 is by top cylinder body and the intrinsic cylinder barrel of top cylinder body, cylinder cap, distribution, all parts of motor except that lower cylinder body such as oil supplying device and device are formed, last lower cylinder body all has and slidably contacts the end each other, contact the outer rim that the end is socketed in upper cylinder body 22 contact ends down, contact up and down oil sealing 24 is arranged between the end, the piston rod support point 4 fixedly connected rigid bodies 23 of going up of N group two-way cylinder, the cylinder body support point 3 fixedly connected lower cylinder bodies 22 of two-way cylinder, N is installed between the last lower cylinder body contact jaw portion organizes known displacement rails device and damping material, displacement rails device control upper cylinder body motion track reduces vibrations.Have N group sync bit to move the equal power of device and support upward lower cylinder body, last lower cylinder body drives at N group two-way cylinder and issues the life line displacement,

Between another embodiment's the last lower cylinder body running shaft 25 is housed, running shaft 25 axis are parallel with crankshaft center line, last lower cylinder body contact slip surface is to be that the circle in the center of circle is leant on face with running shaft 25 axle center, contact the outer rim that the end is socketed in upper cylinder body 22 contact ends down, contact up and down oil sealing 24 is arranged between the end, 4 of the piston rod support points of two-way cylinder connect

upper cylinder body

23,3 of the cylinder body support points of two-way cylinder connect lower cylinder body 22, have N to organize known displacement rails device and damping material between the last lower cylinder body, displacement rails device control upper cylinder body motion track reduces vibrations.

Displacement among last lower cylinder body shifter two embodiments is a basic point with the crank spindle axis all, and this displacement has changed the piston top dead center volume of engine cylinder,

Fig. 6 is the embodiment of driving belt tensity regulating device, by driving belt 29, pair of driven 30, a pair of driving lever 31, pair of links 33, a pair of driving pedestal axle 32, a pedestal axle 34, upper cylinder body extending body 23 ', lower cylinder body extending body 22 ' is formed, follower 30 wheel shafts driving lever 31 1 ends that are rotationally connected, driving lever 31 middle parts are rotationally connected and drive pedestal axle 32, driving lever 31 the other ends connecting rod 33 1 ends that are rotationally connected, and the other end co-rotation of pair of links 33 connects pedestal axle 34, other is fixedly connected on above upper cylinder body extending body 22 ' the lower cylinder body extending body 23 ' pedestal axle 34 push-and-pull pair of links 33 when last lower cylinder body moves a pair of driving pedestal axle 32 and pedestal axle 34 interchangeable branch, the other end of connecting rod 33 push-and-pull driving lever 31 is driven 32 positioning control of pedestal axle, and the follower 30 of driving lever 31 1 ends moves, pair of driven 30 moves the bi-side that compress jointly or loosen the driving belt inboard, finishes the adjustment to the driving belt tensity.Another embodiment is that pair of driven 30 moves the bi-side that compress jointly or loosen the driving belt outside.Driving belt tensity regulating device has solved by last lower cylinder body and has moved the driving belt relaxation problem that causes, driving belt is synchronization chain, v texrope belt V etc.

Fig. 7 is the assembled camshaft partial structurtes schematic representation of the interlock among the embodiment, the assembled camshaft mechanism of interlock, camshaft 35 by hollow, cam mandrel 36, what rise that intake cam 37, cam valve 38, cam valve limiting stopper 39 form advances cam set, lift valve spare termination, resistance swing offset device, the synchronous shift device

In this camshaft outside, all parts except that intake cam are equal to conventional camshaft, the intake cam group section of only drawing among the figure and part cam shaft part.Camshaft 35 is a hollow, there is a cam mandrel 36 inside, pin 40 grooves 41 structures that axial sliding fit is arranged between camshaft 35 and the cam mandrel 36, the intake cam of this camshaft is by rising intake cam 37 and cam valve 38 combines, rising intake cam 37 cam valve slide rails and cam valve limiting stopper 39 and camshaft is one, be on the camshaft of hollow, to process to obtain, the cam valve slide rail is cylinder type and concentric with camshaft, the cam valve slide rail is the groove that rises between intake cam 37 and the cam valve limiting stopper 41, cam valve 38 tops are with to rise exhaust cam 37 profile phases same, the face that trackslips that matches with the cam valve slide rail that interior half cylinder type arranged at cam valve 38 bottoms, the driving pin that trackslips and face down and extend to form two symmetries of cam valve 38, two drive the pin side and all have the hole.Be installed with drive pin 42, drive pin 42 center lines point to the camshaft axle center, have N pair and the uneven cam valve driver slot 43 in axle center on the cam mandrel 36, have a pair of driving window slotted hole 44 on each cam valve slide rail, two lines that drive the center line mid point of window slotted hole 44 can pass the camshaft axle center, during assembling, cam mandrel 36 inserts in the camshaft 35 of hollow, cam valve 38 is installed on the cam valve slide rail, drive pin 42 on the cam valve passes in the driver slot 43 that drives window slotted hole 44 insertion cam mandrels, when cam mandrel 36 is driven in camshaft 35 when mobile by the synchronous shift device, driver slot 43 is by drive pin 42 driving cam lobes 38, cam valve 38 is that rotate along protruding opinion lobe slide rail in the center of circle with camshaft 35 axle center, sense of rotation is against the camshaft sense of rotation, and cam mandrel 36 rotates with camshaft 35 during work.

Center line at Another Application example cam lobe driver slot 43 is crooked, be driven by it, finally cause being non-linear relation between cylinder charging amount and cam mandrel 36 amount of movements, this has just selectively optimized compression ratio and the air fuel ratio of motor under each working condition

Fig. 8 is the lift valve spare master worm's eye view among the embodiment and rises intake cam group partial view, the related clear and definite lift valve spare of two figure and rise that the position concerns between the intake cam group.Intake cam group partial front elevation view wherein is the axial partial view that rises after intake cam 37 cam valves 38 cam valve limiting stoppers 39 make up.Lift valve spare termination has the lift valve wing 45, falls the structure of the valve wing 46, is in lift valve spare lower end,

It has the lift valve wing 44 lift valve spare termination, the structure of the valve wing 45 is fallen, be in lift valve spare lower end, the lift valve wing 44 is consubstantialities with falling the valve wing 45, the common lift valve spare termination of forming, the lift valve wing 44 is that interior circle is leant on face with falling the valve wing 45 its underparts, in circle lean on the curvature that the curvature of face equals the movement locus in intake cam top when work, its underpart can contact with the working surface generation line style of intake cam group, and 44 contacts of its lift valve wing rise intake cam 37, are driven and rising lift valve spare, 46 contacts of valve wing cam valve 38 falls, be subjected to its control decline lift valve spare, lift valve spare termination is unique and the parts effect of intake cam group, and lift valve spare termination is only accepted intake cam and driven.

Different drive methods causes the different sense of rotation of camshaft, if the camshaft counter-rotating, the lift valve spare master worm's eye view among the then another kind of embodiment and rises intake cam group partial view and figure eight is mirror image figure is that flip horizontal 180 is spent.So two kinds of embodiments can be arranged.

Fig. 9 is resistance swing offset device structure and Displacement system and cam set assembling schematic representation

Form by bearing 45 and link 46 and pedestal 47, the synchronous shift device is to be the synchronous shift device of combination with normal valve, two-way cylinder, the Internal and external cycle of a bearing 45 is fixedlyed connected an end of cam mandrel 36 axle heads and link 46 respectively by snap ring 49 and nut 50, there are keyway 48 structures with pedestal 47 sliding fits at the link middle part, pedestal 47 is fixedlyed connected with engine cylinder-body, the fixedly connected two-way cylinder cylinder body 1 of link 46 the other ends, the extension part of piston rod 2 fixedly connected pedestals 47

During the two-way cylinder action, link push-and-pull cam core takes out 36, resistance swing offset device bearing 45 has wherein been blocked cam mandrel 36 rotating forces, pin 40 grooves 41 between cam mandrel 35 and the camshaft have limited both radial displacements, driver slot 43 driving cam lobes 38 on the cam mandrel 36 rotate, but rise the lift valve wing 45 of intake cam jack-up lift valve spare termination, 46 on the valve wing that falls that rises on the raft spare is controlled by cam valve 38, and suction valve cuts out angle and is subjected to Kong in the synchronous continued moving displacement device of multichannel and synchronous with last lower cylinder body shifter.Last lower cylinder body apart from minimum the time after just piston top dead center volume minimum the time after, synchronous, cam valve 38 tops with rise intake cam 37 tops and be in radially highest distance position; Last lower cylinder body apart from maximum the time after just piston top dead center volume maximum the time after, synchronous, cam valve 38 with rise intake cam 37 and be in and radially overlap the position.The direction of trackslipping of cam valve 38 is against the cam rotation direction, and the angle of trackslipping of cam valve 38 has determined the length of expiration stroke, has determined the actual size of cylinder charging amount.

Two embodiments of the oil supply system of accurate constant air-fule ratio are as follows under the different working conditions;

Known displacement transducer is installed between camshaft and cam mandrel, this signal of sensor is with the variation that is directly proportional of cylinder charging amount, indicate the cylinder charging amount, by known technology with the signal of this sensor as the master signal of adjusting fuel injection amount, adjust control EFI pulsewidth, make supplying fuel amount and cylinder charging amount proportional, be motor supply fuel oil.The fuel delivery of this oil supply system is directly proportional with the cylinder charging amount, has caused the result of accurate constant air-fule ratio under different working conditions.

Known displacement transducer is installed between last lower cylinder body, this signal of sensor is with the variation that is directly proportional of cylinder top dead center volume, indicate cylinder top dead center volume, because between the last lower cylinder body and the change in location between camshaft and the cam mandrel be synchronous, so can indicate the cylinder charging amount indirectly, by known technology with the signal of this sensor as the master signal of adjusting fuel injection amount, adjust control EFI pulsewidth, make supplying fuel amount and cylinder top dead center volume or cylinder charging amount proportional, be motor supply fuel oil.The fuel delivery of this oil supply system is directly proportional with the cylinder charging amount, has caused the result of accurate constant air-fule ratio under different working conditions.

These four independent inventions are the synchronous continued moving displacement device of multichannel.Last lower cylinder body shifter.The assembled camshaft mechanism of interlock.The oil supply system of accurate constant air-fule ratio under different working conditions.

It is used simultaneously with regard to having solved motor and finish the problem of suction stroke under negative pressure, has realized compression ratio accurate constant under the different working conditions, accurate constant air fuel ratio.Use motor of the present invention to have suction to exhale and press five strokes of quick-fried row, suction wherein and pressure are cut apart the pressure stroke of available engine, adjust engine power by the length of exhaling stroke, the length of exhaling stroke is to be solved by the assembled camshaft mechanism of interlock, therefore motor need not be installed closure and save negative pressure and inhaled the journey power consumption, has reduced discharging.On the synchronous interlock in the synchronous continued moving displacement device of multichannel road the lower cylinder body shifter and assembled camshaft mechanism, just make that ratio is constant between cylinder top dead center volume and the cylinder charging amount, this just makes motor realize permanent compression ratio under full operating mode.The oil supply system of accurate constant air-fule ratio is demarcated the supplying fuel amount by the relative position of sensor lower cylinder body or camshaft and axle core under the different working conditions with checkout value, and this just makes motor realize permanent air fuel ratio under full operating mode.By adjusting the shape of cam valve driver slot 43, finally cause being non-linear relation between cylinder charging amount and cam mandrel 36 amount of movements, this has just selectively optimized compression ratio and the air fuel ratio of motor under each working condition, becomes the more energy-conservation more environmental protection of the discharge capacity permanent air fuel ratio non air throttle reciprocating engine of permanent compression ratio.

Claims

1 one kinds become the permanent air fuel ratio non air throttle reciprocating engine of discharge capacity perseverance (air density) compression ratio, this motor is made up of all known devices of modern Reciprocating engine and two-way cylinder, it is characterized in that: it has by the synchronous interlock of multichannel controls positioning device and organizes the synchronous interlock sprocket bit of the multichannel moving device that the controlled displacements device is formed more, instruct parts by the mother who controls motor, directly move N son instruction parts by manpower or by the controlled location Displacement system, again by N controlled location Displacement system of the synchronous interlock control of sub-instructions parts, the N group parts of N controlled location Displacement system locomotor, the N that is moved group parts respectively synchronous change the cylinder charging amount of motor and the steam-cylinder piston top dead center volume of motor, make motor be issued to permanent compression ratio in different operating modes.

2 according to the described controlled location Displacement system of claim 1 by the trailing type normal valve that commutates, two-way cylinder, oil pump, oil conservator, oil pipe, form, trailing type commutation normal valve is by valve body (15), lean on stopper rod (16), limit chamber, spacing snap ring (13) is formed, the valve body (15) of trailing type commutation normal valve or lean on the cylinder body (1) of stopper rod (16) and oil cylinder or piston rod (2) is rigidly connected and can moves thereupon, limit chamber is the constant space between end cap (14) and the valve body (15), spacing snap ring (13) is stuck in to be leant in the stopper rod upper limit chamber, trailing type commutation normal valve is the selector valve that one of two groups of interlocks select three of ABC, be subjected to spacing snap ring (13) restriction, leaning on stopper rod (16) can only be mobile between A position and the C position of commutation normal valve, A and C position intermediate B position are to turn-off the position, two groups of selector valves are respectively applied for fuel feeding and oil return, with oil pipe oil supply hole (9) directly is communicated with oil pump or pressure oil container, spill port (10) is communicated with oil conservator, oilhole (12) and (12 ') and downlink connection oil cylinder A chamber, oilhole (11) the oil cylinder C chamber that is connected in parallel with (11 ').Control instruction parts control two-way cylinder by son and move distance between these motor parts, change relevant parameter.

3 control positioning device according to the synchronous interlock of the described multichannel of claim 1, by the instruction parts, continuous action device, the controlled location Displacement system is formed, the instruction parts are exactly not with the cylinder body (1) or the rigidly connected change valve of piston rod (2) (15) of two-way cylinder or lean on stopper rod (16), by synchronous mobile N son instruction of female instruction parts parts, make trailing type commutation normal valve be in A position or C position, oil cylinder moves corresponding parts, instruct parts to send to move to the instruction of certain position by mother, N sub-two-way cylinder reaches command value with moved further N to the distance between the component, the device of synchronous mobile N son instruction of female instruction parts parts can be the known technology of machinery, or finish by the controlled displacements device, instruct parts to control the trailing type normal valve by mother, cause two-way cylinder with moved further N son instruction parts, control the individual trailing type commutation normal valve of N again by N son instruction parts, cause N two-way cylinder with moved further N group component, or certain group of being controlled by the sub-instructions parts is controlled N Sun Zhiling parts is installed between the component, N Sun Zhiling parts are controlled component by one group and are driven and the synchronization gain instruction, and N Sun Zhiling parts oil cylinder that worked is again controlled N and organized component.

4 one kinds become the permanent air fuel ratio non air throttle reciprocating engine of the permanent compression ratio of discharge capacity, this motor is made up of all known devices of modern Reciprocating engine, it is characterized in that: this motor is made up of relatively-movable two-part, be called upper cylinder body at this, lower cylinder body, it has last lower cylinder body shifter, by upper cylinder body, lower cylinder body, N group controlled location Displacement system, driving belt tensity regulating device is formed, and N group controlled location Displacement system moves the position between upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body, changes the distance of cylinder and bent axle, change steam-cylinder piston top dead center volume, the change of this change and engine air distribution system can be carried out synchronously.

5 according to the described upper cylinder body of claim 4, lower cylinder body, lower cylinder body (22) is by motor machine pawl intrinsic on bottom cylinder body and the cylinder body, the oil end, bent axle axle bed (26) and bent axle are formed, upper cylinder body (23) is by top cylinder body and the intrinsic cylinder barrel of top cylinder body, cylinder cap, distribution, all parts of motor except that lower cylinder body such as oil supplying device and device are formed, last lower cylinder body all has and slidably contacts the end each other, contact the outer rim that the end is socketed in the contact end down, contact up and down oil sealing (24) is arranged between the end, last lower cylinder body has N group displacement rails device

6 according to the described lower cylinder body shifter of going up of claim 4, N group controlled displacements device is arranged, wherein the strong point of two-way cylinder (3) is connected lower cylinder body respectively with (4), two-way cylinder synchronization motion under the instruction of the synchronous continuous action device of multichannel drives, last lower cylinder body is subjected to displacement, this displacement is a basic point with the crank spindle axis, and this displacement has changed the piston top dead center volume of engine cylinder

7 according to the described rotating band tensity of claim 4 regulating device by rotating band, pair of driven (30), a pair of driving lever (31), pair of links (33), a pair of driving pedestal axle (32), a pedestal axle (34), upper cylinder body extending body (23), lower cylinder body extending body (22) is formed, follower (30) wheel shaft driving lever (31) one ends that are rotationally connected, driving lever (31) middle part is rotationally connected and drives pedestal axle (32), driving lever (31) the other end connecting rod (33) one ends that are rotationally connected, the other end co-rotation of pair of links (33) connects pedestal axle (34), other is fixedly connected on a pair of driving pedestal axle (33) and the interchangeable branch of a pedestal axle (34) above upper cylinder body extending body (23) the lower cylinder body extending body (22), pedestal axle pulling pair of links (33) when last lower cylinder body moves, the other end of connecting rod pulling driving lever (31), driven the positioning control of pedestal axle, the follower (30) of driving lever (31) one ends moves, pair of driven (30) moves the bi-side that compress or loosen driving belt (29) jointly, finishes the adjustment to driving belt (29) tensity.

8 one kinds become the permanent air fuel ratio non air throttle reciprocating engine of the permanent compression ratio of discharge capacity, this motor is made up of all known devices of modern Reciprocating engine, it is characterized in that having in its gas distribution system a kind of controlled assembled camshaft mechanism, camshaft (35) by hollow, be contained in the interior cam mandrel (36) of camshaft of hollow, the intake cam group, lift valve spare termination, resistance swing offset connector, the controlled displacements device is formed, pin (40) groove (41) structure that axial sliding fit is arranged between camshaft (35) and the cam mandrel (36), the intake cam group is by rising intake cam (37), cam valve (38), cam valve limiting stopper (39) is organized and is formed, rising intake cam (37) cam valve slide rail and cam valve limiting stopper (39) is one with camshaft (35), be on the camshaft of hollow, to process to obtain, the cam valve slide rail is the groove that rises between intake cam (37) and the cam valve limiting stopper (39), the cam valve slide rail is cylinder type and concentric with camshaft (35), cam valve (38) top is with to rise intake cam (38) profile phase same, the semicircular face that trackslips that matches with the cam valve slide rail is arranged at cam valve (37) bottom, the driving pin that trackslips and face down and extend to form two symmetries of cam valve (37), two drive the pin side and all have the hole.Be installed with drive pin (42), drive pin (42) center line points to camshaft (35) axle center, have X pair and the uneven cam valve driver slot in axle center (43) on the cam mandrel (36), X is the engine cylinder number, have a pair of driving window slotted hole (44) on each cam valve slide rail, two lines that drive the center line mid point of window slotted hole (44) can pass camshaft (35) axle center, during assembling, cam mandrel (36) inserts in the camshaft (35) of hollow, cam valve (38) is installed on the cam valve slide rail, drive pin on the cam valve (42) passes in the driver slot (43) that drives window slotted hole (44) insertion cam mandrel, when cam mandrel (36) is twitched in camshaft (35), driver slot (43) is by drive pin (42) driving cam lobe (38), cam valve (38) is that rotate along protruding opinion lobe slide rail in the center of circle with camshaft (35) axle center, sense of rotation is against the camshaft sense of rotation, and cam mandrel (36) rotates with camshaft (35) during work.The controlled displacements device is by resistance swing offset connector wedge cam mandrel (36), rotated by cam mandrel (36) driving cam lobe (38), through lift valve spare interlock, suction valve did not cut out when engine piston finished to the lower dead center suction stroke, piston stroking upward, suction valve is exhaled, normal pressure control cylinder charging amount under the non-air throttle condition, the control of the control of this countercylinder aeration quantity and countercylinder piston top dead center volume can be carried out synchronously, can implement non-air throttle control engine running.

It has the lift valve wing 9 according to Claim 8 described lift valve spare terminations, the structure of the valve wing is fallen, be in lift valve spare lower end, the lift valve wing (45) is a consubstantiality with falling the valve wing (46), the common lift valve spare termination of forming, the lift valve wing (45) and to fall the valve wing (46) its underpart be that interior circle is leant on face, in circle lean on the curvature that the curvature of face equals the movement locus in intake cam top when work, its underpart can contact with the working surface generation line style of intake cam group, its lift valve wing (45) only contact rises intake cam (37), driven and rising lift valve spare, fall the valve wing (46) and only contact cam valve (38), be subjected to its control decline lift valve spare, lift valve spare termination is unique and the parts effect of intake cam group, and lift valve spare termination is driven by the intake cam group directly.

10 described according to Claim 8 resistance swing offset devices, the controlled location Displacement system, resistance swing offset device is made up of bearing (45) and link (46) and link pedestal (47), the controlled displacements device is the controlled location Displacement system of being formed with normal valve and controlled bidirectional oil cylinder, Internal and external cycle fixedly connected cam mandrel (36) axle head of difference of a bearing (45) and an end of link (46), one end (3) or (4) of the fixedly connected controlled bidirectional oil cylinder of the link the other end, the other end of two-way cylinder (4) or (3) connect link pedestal (47), there is keyway (48) structure with link pedestal (47) sliding fit at link (46) outer rim middle part, revolve biography with keyway (48) the structural limitations link (46) of link pedestal sliding fit with cam mandrel (36), link pedestal (47) is fixedlyed connected with cylinder body, the controlled bidirectional cylinder action time shift part (46) that is dynamically connected, link (46) is implemented driving to cam valve (38) by bearing (45) wedge cam mandrel (36).

11 1 kinds become the permanent air fuel ratio non air throttle reciprocating engine of the permanent compression ratio of discharge capacity, this motor has all known devices of modern Reciprocating engine to comprise sensor, transducer, automatically controlled, electric injection system, it is characterized in that: have be installed between upper cylinder body (23) lower cylinder body (22) or camshaft (35) and cam mandrel (36) between displacement transducer, by be installed between the lower cylinder body or camshaft and cam mandrel between position transducer, transducer, automatically controlled, software, electric injection system is formed, this signal of sensor is with the variation that is directly proportional of cylinder top dead center volume or aeration quantity, by known technology with the signal of this sensor as the master signal of adjusting fuel injection amount, adjust supplying fuel and aeration quantity and change on year-on-year basis, make motor have the oil supply system that under different working conditions, can realize accurate constant air-fule ratio.

12 according to claim 11 described by one be installed between the lower cylinder body or camshaft and cam mandrel between displacement transducer, this position transducer detected to as if upper cylinder body (23) and lower cylinder body (22) between relative position, or the relative position between camshaft of middle chamber (35) and the cam mandrel (36), this signal of sensor is with the variation that is directly proportional of cylinder top dead center volume or air inflow, by known technology with the signal of this sensor as the master signal of adjusting fuel injection amount, adjust supplying fuel.