CN101071872A - Integrated preparing method for molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane - Google Patents

Integrated preparing method for molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane Download PDF

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CN101071872A
CN101071872A CNA2007100417128A CN200710041712A CN101071872A CN 101071872 A CN101071872 A CN 101071872A CN A2007100417128 A CNA2007100417128 A CN A2007100417128A CN 200710041712 A CN200710041712 A CN 200710041712A CN 101071872 A CN101071872 A CN 101071872A
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fuel cell
carbonate fuel
molten carbonate
powder
lialo
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CN100511797C (en
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余晴春
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
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Abstract

A fuses the carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane integrated preparation method, belongs to the field of fuel cell technology, that is as follows: use sub-micro-grade alpha-LiAlO2 powder or gamma -LiAlO2 powder as raw material, take water as solvent, after the ball grinding dispersion, add electrolyte salt, continue ball grinding mix, again add Al2O3 fiber, ball grinding mix to form a pulp containing substrate diaphragm material and the electrolyte saltm, directly spread this pulp on the double pole plate fitted with electrode, dry to obtain a fused carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane. As the pulp contains no dispersant, binder and plasticizer, the height of cell pile assembled under room temperature and the height of cell pile at working temperature will not change. In the course of preparation and primary operation, it dose not discharge organic solvent and waste gases.

Description

The integral preparation method of molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane
Technical field
That the present invention relates to is the preparation method's in a kind of fuel cell technology field, particularly a kind of molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane preparation method.
Background technology
Characteristics such as molten carbonate fuel cell is a kind in the high-temperature fuel cell, has the energy conversion efficiency height, does not use noble metal catalyst, and the scope of application of fuel is wide.The method of traditional manufacturing molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte material, be divided into two steps: at first prepare electrolytical substrate barrier film, usually α-inclined to one side aluminium lithate or the γ-inclined to one side aluminium lithate powder with submicron order is primary raw material, by adding dispersant, bonding agent, plasticizer with after organic solvent carries out ball milling accordingly, form slurry, by methods such as curtain coating (tape-casting) sprayings, the slurry film forming.
Find through literature search prior art, Chinese patent publication number CN 1314142C, patent name: " method of preparing melting carbonate fuel cell membrane using water-based flow casting technique ", having introduced in this patent with water is the method that solvent prepares electrolyte membrance.At first, PVA is dissolved in the hot water, is made into PVA solution, adopt the α-LiAlO of submicron order 2Powder is a raw material, with α-LiAlO 2Fine powder joins in the PVA solution, after stirring, and drying, ball milling carries out repeatedly so repeatedly then; α-LiAlO behind the ball milling 2Add Al in the powder 2O 3Fiber, water obtain containing α-LiAlO 2, PVA and Al 2O 3The slurry of fiber, casting film-forming; This film is dry remove moisture after, get three films and overlay on the press, hot pressing after the preheating obtains the barrier film of molten carbonate fuel cell.Then, after the preparation of having finished the substrate barrier film, as the carbonate (normally mol ratio is 62/38 Li2CO3/K2CO3) of molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte, or according to the preparation method of substrate barrier film, it is standby to form film by slurry; Or after directly mixing in proportion, be placed in the air flue, after treating the polymer volatilization in the substrate barrier film, in 480 ℃-650 ℃ temperature range, behind the carbonate fusion, the carbonate that flows occupies the space that flows down after the polymer volatilization and the surface of substrate barrier film, and form material with certain plasticity with the substrate barrier film, can transmit carbanion at inside battery, when forming ionic conductance, play the effect of sealing.
Electrolyte with method for preparing, need to adopt two procedures, be that electrolytical substrate barrier film and electrolytic salt need preparation respectively, and, when the electrolytical substrate barrier film of preparation, no matter be with organic solvent method or with water as solvent, all contain bonding agent in the said method, the electrolyte membrance that makes the molten carbonate fuel cell of reality the startup stage, a process of getting rid of polymer such as bonding agent is all arranged, promptly in the temperature range below 400 ℃, organic solvent or water can volatilize along with the rising of temperature, dispersant, bonding agent, polymer such as plasticizer, also can volatilize along with the rising of temperature, like this, the thickness of each battery that at room temperature is assembled into and the cell thickness that (is generally 650 ℃) under working temperature have very big difference, the i.e. pile that assembles by a plurality of monocells, the first height of installing when room temperature, the height in the time of be much larger than operate as normal, this difference in height, can give the structure and the installation of whole melting carbonate fuel cell generation system, bring no small trouble.And, with an organic solvent, polymer such as bonding agent prepares dielectric film, makes this green electricity generation system of molten carbonate fuel cell, in preparation process, and in the initial launch process, exists not green link.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, a kind of integral preparation method of molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane is provided, the preparation simultaneously in one procedure of electrolytical substrate barrier film and electrolytical salt is finished, polymer such as bonding agent not with an organic solvent,, only allocate slurry as solvent with water, then, the direct curtain coating of slurry in wet sealing place and electrode of bipolar plates, is assembled into battery after the drying.Owing in slurry, there is not dispersant, bonding agent, polymer such as plasticizer, therefore, the height of the height of cell stack assembled and the battery pile under working temperature during room temperature, do not change, can simplify the melting carbonate fuel cell generation system fixing link greatly, in preparation and first running, not have organic solvent and exhaust gas discharging, make the manufacture process of whole generating system, more environmental protection.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, and the present invention adopts the α-inclined to one side aluminium lithate (α-LiAlO of submicron order 2) powder or γ-inclined to one side aluminium lithate (γ-LiAlO 2) powder is raw material, is solvent with water, after the Ball milling, adds electrolytic salt, continues ball milling and mixes, and adds Al again 2O 3Fiber after ball milling mixes, forms the slurry that contains substrate diaphragm material and electrolytic salt.Then, this slurry directly is coated on the bipolar plates that installs electrode, to be dried after, obtain molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane.
It is as follows to the present invention includes step:
(1) at α-LiAlO of 0.01~0.3 μ m 2Powder or γ-LiAlO 2In the powder, add secondary water, the mass ratio of water and powder is 2~8: 1, ball milling 12~24 hours.
(2) LiAlO behind the ball milling 2Add electrolytic salt in the powder, continued ball milling 2~4 hours.It is 62/38 Li that this electrolytic salt is generally mol ratio 2CO 3/ K 2CO 3, or mol ratio is 70/30 Li 2CO 3/ Na 2CO 3, or other can be used as molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte salt and corresponding additive etc.Electrolytic salt and LiAlO 2The weight ratio of powder is 1~1.5: 1.
(3) in above-mentioned powder, add Al 2O 3Behind the fiber, continued ball milling 1~2 hour.Al 2O 3Fiber and LiAlO 2The weight ratio of powder is 1~1.5: 10.Al 2O 3Fiber is a polycrystalline structure.
(4) above-mentioned slurry method, or additive method with tape-casting, be coated on the plane that the bipolar plates that assembles electrode and electrode constitute, at room temperature after the air dry, just obtained the dielectric film of molten carbonate fuel cell.The thickness of this dielectric film is between the 0.2-1 millimeter, average pore size 0.3-0.4 μ m, mean porosities 50-60%.
The present invention is after solvent thoroughly mixes with water by electrolytic salt and electrolyte backing material, directly constitutes the dielectric film of molten carbonate fuel cell, is coated on the plane of bipolar plates and electrode formation.When electrolytic salt after 480 ℃-650 ℃ temperature range fusion, just can soak into the room that electrolytic salt does not melt solid particle before, and flowing along with fused carbonate, envelope the plane that inclined to one side aluminium lithate particle is constituted, formation has certain plasticity and sealing property, dielectric film that can the conducting carbon hydrochlorate.
Conventional method is a primary raw material by inclined to one side aluminium lithate at first, after adding dispersant, bonding agent, plasticizer and corresponding organic solvent carry out ball milling, form slurry, method by tape-casting, slurry curtain coating independent one-tenth substrate barrier film on plastic film, then, in battery assembling, this film moved again be put on the plane that is constituted by bipolar plates and electrode; Electrolytic salt generally also is after carrying out ball milling with dispersant, bonding agent, plasticizer and corresponding organic solvent, form slurry,, the slurry curtain coating is become independent film forming on plastic film by the method for tape-casting, in battery assembling and the substrate barrier film stack successively.In the battery heating starting first time, with the method for slowly heating, materials such as organic solvent, dispersant, bonding agent, plasticizer are volatilized gradually burn, after the carbonate fusing, fill the room that stays after dispersant, bonding agent, plasticizer etc. are burnt in the substrate barrier film, with inclined to one side aluminium lithate together, form and to have certain plasticity and sealing property, dielectric film that can the conducting carbon hydrochlorate.
With the substrate barrier film and the electrolytic salt film be made up of jointly dispersant, bonding agent, plasticizer of conventional method preparation, after dispersant, bonding agent, plasticizer were burnt, the thickness of each monocell will reduce 1~3 millimeter.If change that pile is made of 100 monocells, like this, the variable quantity of the height of the pile the when height of initial assembling and last operating state, just reached 0.1~0.3 meter, and this changes and to be present in the whole initial temperature rise period always, and this will bring very big technical difficult point to the design of whole generating system, structure, sealing etc.And substrate barrier film and electrolytic salt film with the conventional method preparation contain a large amount of organic solvents and polymeric material, in preparation and sintering process, and the material of meeting exhaust emission environment.
The electrolyte membrance that use the inventive method and conventional method prepare respectively and the effect of electrolytic salt are the same, can reach the performance of the battery of conventional method preparation, and promptly the power density of general battery is 0.12W/cm 2But, use method of the present invention, can may contain harmful material without organic solvent, dispersant, bonding agent, plasticizer etc. fully, only use water as solvent, appropriate adoption eco-friendly environment-friendly preparation method thereof, and, be very easy to reach the level of suitability for industrialized production.Except environmental factor, the manufacturing cost of dielectric film can reduce by 2/3rds, because can reject the buying expenses of organic solvent, dispersant, bonding agent, plasticizer, save the electrolytic salt film and needed the operation of processing in addition, and the operation of three film hot repressing moulding, manufacturing time can shorten half.More positive effect is, the dielectric film that uses the present invention to make, from initial start up phase to entering operating state, the battery pile does not have the variation of height, this has just reduced a difficult problem that seals in the pile engineering design, significantly reduce the engineering difficulty of whole melting carbonate fuel cell generation system, reduced the construction cost of whole system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the coating location drawing of dielectric film in the inventive method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment has provided detailed execution mode and process being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment one
Get α-LiAlO of 0.01~0.3 μ m 2Powder 100 grams add 800 gram secondary water, and ball milling is after 24 hours, and the adding mol ratio is 62/38 Li 2CO 3/ K 2CO 3Electrolytic salt 100 grams continued ball milling after 2 hours, added 10 gram Al again 2O 3Behind the fiber, continue ball milling after 1 hour, standby as slurry.
As shown in Figure 1, anode 1 and negative electrode 3 are embedded in respectively in the groove of bipolar plates 2, anode 1 and bipolar plates 2 and negative electrode 3 and bipolar plates 2 have constituted two planes up and down respectively, the method of above-mentioned slurry with tape-casting, be coated on the plane of anode 1 and bipolar plates 2 formations, constitute the dielectric film 4 of molten carbonate fuel cell, at room temperature after the air dry, just can be directly used in molten carbonate fuel cell.The thickness of this dielectric film is 0.5 millimeter, average pore size 0.3 μ m, mean porosities 50%.
In aforesaid contrast patent CN1314142C, the thickness of the barrier film that obtains is 0.6~1 millimeter, the thickness of electrolytic salt film is also in this scope, normally 1~2 barrier film and 1~2 salt film are used together, constitute the dielectric film of molten carbonate fuel cell, like this, erection stage in the early stage, the electrolytical thickness of each monocell is 1.2~4 millimeters, after adding startup temperature, when entering working stage, thickness is between the 0.2-1 millimeter, like this, the varied in thickness of a monocell has just reached 1~3 millimeter.
Separate plasma membrane with this method integration system power backup, dried thickness is the thickness under the operating state, and only there is the static sealing problem in battery, and dynamic sealing problem do not occur, greatly reduces the engineering difficulty, has reduced the construction cost of engineering.
Embodiment two
Get γ-LiAlO of 0.01~0.3 μ m 2Powder 100 grams add 800 gram secondary water, and ball milling is after 12 hours, and the adding mol ratio is 70/30 Li 2CO 3/ Na 2CO 3Electrolytic salt 150 grams continued ball milling after 4 hours, added 15 gram Al again 2O 3Behind the fiber, continue ball milling after 2 hours, standby as slurry.
The method of above-mentioned slurry with the powder spraying, be coated on the plane of anode 1 and bipolar plates 2 formations, constituted the dielectric film 4 of molten carbonate fuel cell, at room temperature after the air dry, just can be directly used in molten carbonate fuel cell.The thickness of this dielectric film is 1 millimeter, average pore size 0.4 μ m, mean porosities 60%.
Embodiment three
Get α-LiAlO of 0.01~0.3 μ m 2Powder 100 grams add 500 gram secondary water, and ball milling is after 18 hours, and the adding mol ratio is 70/30 Li 2CO 3/ Na 2CO 3Electrolytic salt 125 grams continued ball milling after 3 hours, added 12.5 gram Al again 2O 3Behind the fiber, continue ball milling after 1.5 hours, standby as slurry.
The method of above-mentioned slurry with tape-casting, be coated on the plane of anode 1 and bipolar plates 2 formations, constituted the dielectric film 4 of molten carbonate fuel cell, at room temperature after the air dry, just can be directly used in molten carbonate fuel cell.The thickness of this dielectric film is 0.7 millimeter, average pore size 0.35 μ m, mean porosities 55%.。
Comprise negative electrode, bipolar plates, anode and electrolytical parts to what embodiment three obtained, stack successively from bottom to top, just constituted the pile of molten carbonate fuel cell.Negative electrode one end bubbling air and carbon dioxide, anode one end feeds hydrogen, and battery is heated to 650 ℃, and can obtain open circuit voltage is 1.06V, at 50mA/cm 2Under the current density, cell voltage is 0.95V, at 100mA/cm 2Under the current density, cell voltage is 0.87V, at 150mA/cm 2Under the current density, cell voltage is 0.80V.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of integral preparation method of molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane is characterized in that, adopts the α-LiAlO of submicron order 2Powder or γ-LiAlO 2Powder is a raw material, is solvent with water, after the Ball milling, adds electrolytic salt, continues ball milling and mixes, and adds Al again 2O 3Fiber after ball milling mixes, forms the slurry that contains substrate diaphragm material and electrolytic salt; Then, this slurry directly is coated on the bipolar plates that installs electrode, to be dried after, obtain molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane.
2, the integral preparation method of molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane according to claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises that step is as follows:
(1) at α-LiAlO 2Powder or γ-LiAlO 2In the powder, add secondary water, the mass ratio of water and powder is 2~8: 1, ball milling;
(2) LiAlO behind the ball milling 2Add electrolytic salt in the powder, continue ball milling, electrolytic salt and LiAlO 2The weight ratio of powder is 1~1.5: 1;
(3) in above-mentioned powder, add Al 2O 3Behind the fiber, continue ball milling, A1 2O 3Fiber and LiAlO 2The weight ratio of powder is 1~1.5: 10;
(4) above-mentioned slurry is coated on the plane that the bipolar plates that assembles electrode and electrode constitute, at room temperature after the air dry, has just obtained the dielectric film of molten carbonate fuel cell.
3, the integral preparation method of molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the step (1), and α-LiAlO 2Or γ-LiAlO 2Powder is α-LiAlO of 0.01~0.3 μ m 2Or γ-LiAlO 2Powder.
According to the integral preparation method of claim 2 or 3 described molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membranes, it is characterized in that 4, in the step (1), the ball milling time is 12~24 hours.
5, the integral preparation method of molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the step (2), electrolytic salt is that mol ratio is 62/38 Li 2CO 3/ K 2CO 3, or mol ratio is 70/30 Li 2CO 3/ Na 2CO 3
According to the integral preparation method of claim 2 or 5 described molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membranes, it is characterized in that 6, in the step (2), continuing the ball milling time is 2~4 hours.
7, the integral preparation method of molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the step (3), and Al 2O 3Fiber is a polycrystalline structure.
8, the integral preparation method according to claim 1 or 7 described molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membranes is characterized in that, in the step (3), continuing the ball milling time is 1~2 hour.
9, the integral preparation method of molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the step (4), the thickness of dielectric film is between the 0.5-1 millimeter, average pore size 0.3-0.4 μ m, mean porosities 50-60%.
According to the integral preparation method of claim 1 or 9 described molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membranes, it is characterized in that 10, in the step (4), slurry is coated on the plane that the bipolar plates that assembles electrode and electrode constitute with the method for curtain coating spraying.
CNB2007100417128A 2007-06-07 2007-06-07 Integrated preparing method for molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane Expired - Fee Related CN100511797C (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101237062B (en) * 2008-01-30 2011-06-22 哈尔滨工程大学 A method for improving dispersing performance of the carbon power in the fused carbonate electrolyte
CN102113157A (en) * 2008-08-04 2011-06-29 本田技研工业株式会社 Electrolyte membrane/electrode structure and fuel cell
CN102306812A (en) * 2011-09-01 2012-01-04 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Method for recycling electrolyte substrate waste material of molten carbonate fuel cell
CN103094629A (en) * 2011-11-01 2013-05-08 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 Processing method for improving beta-alumina solid electrolyte ceramic surface sodium wettability
CN104078698A (en) * 2014-06-30 2014-10-01 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte storage and compensation method
CN104078634A (en) * 2014-06-30 2014-10-01 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 High-strength molten carbonate fuel cell diaphragm and preparation method thereof
CN104638218A (en) * 2015-02-04 2015-05-20 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Method for preparing environment-friendly molten carbonate fuel cell diaphragm
CN111354963A (en) * 2020-04-17 2020-06-30 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Method for compositely preparing molten carbonate fuel cell diaphragm and electrolyte
CN112928318A (en) * 2021-03-18 2021-06-08 华能国际电力股份有限公司 Binderless molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane and preparation method thereof

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101237062B (en) * 2008-01-30 2011-06-22 哈尔滨工程大学 A method for improving dispersing performance of the carbon power in the fused carbonate electrolyte
CN102113157A (en) * 2008-08-04 2011-06-29 本田技研工业株式会社 Electrolyte membrane/electrode structure and fuel cell
CN102113157B (en) * 2008-08-04 2014-03-26 本田技研工业株式会社 Electrolyte membrane/electrode structure and fuel cell
CN102306812A (en) * 2011-09-01 2012-01-04 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Method for recycling electrolyte substrate waste material of molten carbonate fuel cell
CN102306812B (en) * 2011-09-01 2013-06-05 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Method for recycling electrolyte substrate waste material of molten carbonate fuel cell
CN103094629B (en) * 2011-11-01 2014-11-05 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 Processing method for improving beta-alumina solid electrolyte ceramic surface sodium wettability
CN103094629A (en) * 2011-11-01 2013-05-08 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 Processing method for improving beta-alumina solid electrolyte ceramic surface sodium wettability
CN104078698A (en) * 2014-06-30 2014-10-01 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte storage and compensation method
CN104078634A (en) * 2014-06-30 2014-10-01 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 High-strength molten carbonate fuel cell diaphragm and preparation method thereof
CN104638218A (en) * 2015-02-04 2015-05-20 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Method for preparing environment-friendly molten carbonate fuel cell diaphragm
CN111354963A (en) * 2020-04-17 2020-06-30 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Method for compositely preparing molten carbonate fuel cell diaphragm and electrolyte
CN112928318A (en) * 2021-03-18 2021-06-08 华能国际电力股份有限公司 Binderless molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane and preparation method thereof
WO2022193549A1 (en) * 2021-03-18 2022-09-22 华能国际电力股份有限公司 Binder-free molten carbonate fuel cell electrolyte membrane and preparation method therefor

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