CN101069086B - Method for discriminating rolled material and apparatus for the method - Google Patents
Method for discriminating rolled material and apparatus for the method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101069086B CN101069086B CN2006800002246A CN200680000224A CN101069086B CN 101069086 B CN101069086 B CN 101069086B CN 2006800002246 A CN2006800002246 A CN 2006800002246A CN 200680000224 A CN200680000224 A CN 200680000224A CN 101069086 B CN101069086 B CN 101069086B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/21—Polarisation-affecting properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/89—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles
- G01N21/8901—Optical details; Scanning details
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Abstract
A method for discriminating a rolled material, comprising irradiating the surface of a rolled material as a discrimination object with light in an inclined irradiation direction, the light vibration direction being regulated in one direction, receiving light reflected from the rolled material surface through a polarizing element in which the direction of light reception is inclined to the rolled material surface and the direction of polarization to the direction of vibration of light applied to the rolled material surface is shifted, and discriminating whether the rolled material is a non-anticorrosive rolled material or an anticorrosive rolled material, based on the light reception amount.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of discerning rolling stock, and equipment, distinguished each other by non-antirust rolling stock of the method for described identification rolling stock and antirust rolling stock.
Background technology
Rolled plate is used to form for example main body of automobile.Common steel plate is used in and is used for the less zone that may get rusty in the automobile, perhaps being used in its application is not easy to cause in the automobile that gets rusty, the surface of described general steel plate is that self is not subjected to antirust processing, and Rustproof Steel Plate is used in the incident zone that is used in the automobile get rusty, and perhaps is used in its application and is easy to cause in the automobile that gets rusty.For example, the steel plate of zinc coat DIFFUSION TREATMENT is used as Rustproof Steel Plate.Carry out anti-corrosive technology in steelmaker, and steelmaker is with general steel plate and Rustproof Steel Plate classification, and they are delivered to automobile factory.
In automobile making, parts manufacturing etc., when general steel plate is transmitted in identical auto production line with Rustproof Steel Plate, when perhaps in the same production line of parts, special blank (tailored blank) etc., being transmitted, be necessary steel plate or Rustproof Steel Plate or the general steel plate determined in advance.For example, in welding process,, before welding, need to discern the type of steel plate because the welding condition of Rustproof Steel Plate is different with the welding condition of general steel plate.Therefore, automobile factory sequentially will use the parts of general steel plate and use the parts of Rustproof Steel Plate to deliver to each manufacture process, simultaneously by Kanban etc. with they classification, identification general steel plate and corrosion resistant plate, and after this each type of steel plate is being carried out the process that needs, and the type of management steel plate in each process is so that on the component-assembled of general steel plate will be able to not being assembled into automobile on it to the parts of Rustproof Steel Plate, vice versa.
In addition, for the mobile error (wherein general steel plate flows to the production line of carrying out the process that is used for Rustproof Steel Plate mistakenly) that prevents steel plate,, discern the type of steel plate in the key point of production line not having only to rely under the situation of the classification of passing through Kanban.As the method for identification Rustproof Steel Plate and general steel plate, form the mechanical markers of the identifying hole on a steel plate part for example and control closely by optical sensor, condenser type that switch detects this mark or its size exists or non-existent method obtains adopting.Yet even in this case, if general steel plate and Rustproof Steel Plate are confused in the process that forms this mechanical markers, after this steel plate also will be transferred in the manufacture process mistakenly.In addition, based on described composition, because the outward appearance and the function of product, forming mechanical markers can be very difficult.
Need prevent that personal error from for example preventing the method for obscuring of Rustproof Steel Plate and general steel plate.As a result, as disclosing among the Japanese unexamined patent public publication No.2001-318058, the method for optical identification steel plate has been proposed.Particularly, in described disclosing, light emitting source and light-receiving source are configured to towards the surface of steel plate flat.Described light emitting source uses luminaire, and described luminaire has straight line light emission line, and a plurality of somes light emitting devices closely are aligned to straight line on described straight line light emission line, and scioptics project the projection light of the finedraw shape of parallel beam.Optical receiving device is used in described light-receiving source, and described optical receiving device has the light-receiving line, and a plurality of optical pickup apparatus closely are aligned to straight line on described light-receiving line.The light-receiving line of described optical receiving device is arranged to cross by the catoptrical core of finedraw shape of the surface reflection of steel plate from the finedraw shape projection light of the light emission line projection of light-emitting device.
When steel plate was Rustproof Steel Plate, the surface light reflection was lower than the surface light reflection of general steel plate, and the easy diffusion of light, produces diffuse reflection light in the wide zone on crossing single intrafascicular oculo cardiac reflex light both sides thus.Because described diffuse reflection rayed is on the both sides of light-receiving line, even be received at some light of both sides of the light-receiving line of optical receiving device.Under the situation of general steel plate, because the surface of the surface ratio Rustproof Steel Plate of general steel plate is more smooth, light diffusion still less.Therefore, the reflected light of diffusion that shines the both sides of light-receiving line from the center of light-receiving line is suppressed and diminishes, and the amount of the light that receives at the place, both sides of light-receiving line during Datong District very much of the amount of the light that receives of the center of the light-receiving line of optical receiving device is very little.Therefore, from the distribution of the amount that received the light that line receives by the overall optical of optical receiving device, Rustproof Steel Plate and general steel plate differ from one another, and can determine general steel plate and Rustproof Steel Plate based on the difference of the amount of the light that receives.
[patent documentation 1] Japanese unexamined patent public publication No.2001-318058
Summary of the invention
The method that discloses among the Japanese unexamined patent public publication No.2001-318058 can non-antirust rolling stock of optical identification (general steel plate) and antirust rolling stock (Rustproof Steel Plate), and does not need mechanical mark.Yet the precision of identification is still waiting to improve.
The present inventor invented can be enough higher precision, by the device identification general steel plate different and the optical identification method of Rustproof Steel Plate with the device that discloses among the Japanese unexamined patent public publication No.2001-318058.
Particularly, the illumination that orientation of oscillation is adjusted to a direction is mapped on the surface of rolling stock, thereby the orientation of oscillation of described light is parallel to or perpendicular to the rolling direction of the rolling stock that will be identified.By the light of polarizer reception by the surface reflection of rolling stock, depart from respect to the orientation of oscillation that is radiated at the lip-deep light of rolling stock the polarization direction of described polarizer.Discern non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock based on the amount of the light that receives then.
And the illumination that orientation of oscillation is adjusted to a direction is mapped on the surface of the rolling stock that will be identified, and direction of illumination is with respect to the surface tilt of rolling stock.Receive light by the surface reflection of rolling stock by polarizer, and the receive direction of light is with respect to the surface tilt of rolling stock, depart from respect to the orientation of oscillation of the lip-deep light that shines rolling stock the polarization direction of described polarizer.Then, discern non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock based on the amount of the light that receives.
Method according to identification rolling stock of the present invention, the illumination that orientation of oscillation is adjusted to a direction is mapped on the surface of rolling stock, and by the light of polarizer reception by the surface reflection of rolling stock, depart from respect to the orientation of oscillation of the light of irradiation the polarization direction of described polarizer.Because the orientation of oscillation of the light of irradiation is adjusted to a direction, under the situation of the antirust rolling stock of rolling stock right and wrong that will be identified, catoptrical major part is polarized device and covers, and considerably less rayed is on light receiving unit.On the other hand, when the rolling stock that will be identified was antirust rolling stock, described reflected light comprised the light of the surface diffusion that much is rolled material, perhaps mutual reflected light.Therefore, the orientation of oscillation of light that is rolled the surface reflection of material becomes random state.As a result, a catoptrical part is irradiated onto on the light receiving unit by polarizer, and the orientation of oscillation of a described catoptrical part becomes the direction of permission reflected light by polarizer.Therefore, compared to the situation of non-antirust rolling stock, the amount of the light of reception increases significantly.Therefore, based on the amount of the light that is received by light receiving unit, can discern non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock accurately.
In addition, suppose that the illumination that orientation of oscillation is adjusted to a direction is mapped on the surface of the rolling stock that will be identified, and direction of illumination is with respect to the surface tilt of the rolling stock that will be identified, by the light of polarizer reception by the surface reflection of rolling stock, and the receive direction of light is with respect to the surface tilt of rolling stock, and depart from respect to the orientation of oscillation of the lip-deep light that shines rolling stock the polarization direction of described polarizer.In the case, compared to the amount of the light of the reception of non-antirust rolling stock, the amount of the light that receives under antirust rolling stock situation increases, and the orientation of oscillation of described light that is rolled the surface reflection of material becomes random state.In addition, the influence of the rolling direction of non-antirust rolling stock can be eliminated, and non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock can be accurately discerned based on the amount of the light that receives.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sketch that shows according to the identification equipment that is used for rolling stock of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the sketch that shows the surface state of non-antirust rolling stock;
Fig. 3 is the athwartship plane view of the amplification of the signal surface state that shows antirust rolling stock;
Fig. 4 shows the sketch of checking the state of antirust rolling stock according to the identification equipment that is used for rolling stock of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 shows the sketch of checking the state of non-antirust rolling stock according to the identification equipment that is used for rolling stock of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 shows the sketch of checking the state of non-antirust rolling stock according to the identification equipment that is used for rolling stock of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 shows the sketch of checking the state of non-antirust rolling stock according to the identification equipment that is used for rolling stock of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the sketch that shows the identification equipment that is used for rolling stock according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 (a) shows that the identification equipment that is used for rolling stock according to another embodiment of the present invention checks the transverse side view of the state of non-antirust rolling stock, and Fig. 9 (b) is its vertical view;
Figure 10 (a) shows that the identification equipment that is used for rolling stock according to another embodiment of the present invention checks the transverse side view of the state of non-antirust rolling stock, and Figure 10 (b) is its vertical view;
Figure 11 is the chart that is presented at the measured value of the non-antirust rolling stock of the identification equipment that is used for rolling stock according to another embodiment of the present invention and antirust rolling stock;
Figure 12 be show with respect in the identification equipment of according to another embodiment of the present invention rolling stock to the relative angle and the inclination alpha of rolling direction, the chart of the measured value of non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock; With
Figure 13 be show with respect in the identification equipment of according to another embodiment of the present invention rolling stock to the relative angle and the inclination alpha of rolling direction, the chart of the measured value of non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock.
[description of symbols]
10 are used for the identification equipment of rolling stock
11 illumination units (irradiation unit)
11a first polarizer
11b optical transmitting set (light-emitting device)
12 light receiving units (optical receiving device)
12a second polarizer
12b optical receiver (optical pickup apparatus)
13 recognition units
20 rolling stocks
The non-antirust rolling stock of 20a
The antirust rolling stock of 20b
The surface of 21 rolling stocks
30 stripe-shaped roll marks (rolled scar)
30a, the inclined-plane of 30b roll mark
50 are used for the identification equipment of rolling stock
51 illumination units
The 51a polarizer
The 51b optical transmitting set
52 light receiving units
The 52a polarizer
The 52b optical receiver
53 recognition units
The polarization direction of a first polarizer
The polarization direction of b second polarizer
The c1 irradiates light
The c2 reflected light
The D direction of illumination
E light-receiving direction
The F normal direction
The orientation of oscillation of x irradiates light
The catoptrical orientation of oscillation of y
The α inclination angle
Embodiment
To describe according to the method for the identification rolling stock of the embodiment of the invention and implement the equipment of described method based on accompanying drawing below.
As shown in fig. 1, according to the method for identification rolling stock, thereby its orientation of oscillation is adjusted to that the orientation of oscillation of described light on the surface that the light c1 of a direction shines the rolling stock 20 that will be identified is parallel to or perpendicular to the rolling direction of rolling stock 20.Light c2 by the surface reflection of rolling stock 20 is received by polarizer 12a, and depart from respect to the orientation of oscillation of the lip-deep smooth c1 that is radiated at rolling stock 20 polarization direction of described polarizer 12a.Then, discern non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock based on the light quantity that receives.
And, as shown in fig. 1, by using the equipment of forming by unit 10a, based on the light quantity that receives in each angle of unit 10a by receiving equipment 12, the method of identification rolling stock can be discerned non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock, described unit 10a comprises: irradiation apparatus 11, and described irradiation apparatus 11 shines the irradiates light c1 that orientation of oscillation is adjusted to a direction on the surface of rolling stock 20; With optical receiving device 12, described optical receiving device 12 receives the light c2 by the surface reflection of rolling stock 20 by polarizer 12a, and described unit 10a is fixed on from the relative angle deviation between the polarization direction of the polarizer 12a of the orientation of oscillation of the light of irradiation apparatus 11 irradiations and optical receiving device 12, and described unit 10a changes rayed the angle of unit 10a simultaneously on the surface of rolling stock 20.
Below use description to implement to discern the embodiment of the identification equipment that is used for rolling stock of this method of rolling stock.As shown in fig. 1, described identification equipment 10 is made up of illumination unit 11, receiving element 12 and recognition unit 13.
The illumination that described illumination unit 11 is adjusted to a direction with orientation of oscillation is mapped to that thereby the orientation of oscillation of light on the surface of rolling stock 20 is parallel to or perpendicular to the rolling direction of the rolling stock 20 that will be identified.In described embodiment, described illumination unit 11 light shines on the surface of rolling stock 20 by the first polarizer 11a.Described illumination unit 11 is arranged to towards described rolling stock, and illumination unit 11 comprises the optical transmitting set 11b that is set to radiative light-emitting device, and the first polarizer 11a is arranged in reflective optical system 11b front on the transmit direction of light.The light emitting diode (LED) that the irradiation orientation of oscillation is adjusted to the light of a direction in advance can be used as illumination unit 11.
Described light receiving unit 12 receives the light by the surface reflection of rolling stock by polarizer 12a, and described polarizer 12a is arranged to the polarization direction of polarizer 12a to be departed from respect to the orientation of oscillation that is radiated at the lip-deep light of rolling stock by illumination unit 11.In described embodiment, described light receiving unit 12 comprises the second polarizer 12a, and the described second polarizer 12a departs from respect to the first polarizer 11a of illumination unit 11, and receives the light by the surface reflection of rolling stock 20 by the second polarizer 12a.In described embodiment, according to receiving the optical pickup apparatus that optical receiver 12b that light quantity produces electric current is set to receive light, and the second polarizer 12a is arranged in the front of optical receiver 12b on the direction of illumination of light.Various media with reflective character can be used as polarizer.For example, can use known media such as polaroid or polarized lens.
In described embodiment, although do not specifically illustrate in the drawings, described illumination unit 11 and described light receiving unit 12 are included in the unit 10a, and described unit 10a is fixed on from the relative angle deviation between the polarization direction of the orientation of oscillation of the light of the irradiation apparatus 11 irradiation polarizer 12a interior with being arranged in light receiving unit 12.Particularly, described illumination unit 11 and described light receiving unit 12 are included in the unit 10a with predetermined layout, thereby when light shone on the surface of rolling stock 20 from illumination unit 11, described reflected light shone on the light receiving unit 12.And the polarization direction b that is arranged on the described second polarizer 12a in the described light receiving unit 12 is fixed with following layout: described polarization direction b departs from 90 ° with respect to the polarization direction a that is arranged on the described first polarizer 11a in the described illumination unit 11.
Described recognition unit 13 is discerned non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock based on receiving light quantity by described optical pickup apparatus 12.In described embodiment, based on the electric signal that sends in response to the light on the optical receiver 12b that is radiated at described light receiving unit 12, calculate the quantity that receives light, and set predetermined threshold for the quantity of the light that receives, discerned non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock based on such threshold value.
The described method that is used for the recognition device of rolling stock of using below will be described.
As shown in fig. 1, the described surface that is used for the described relatively rolling stock 20 of identification equipment 10 of rolling stock is provided with so that light shine the surface of rolling stock 20.Described illumination unit 11 shines described smooth c1 on the rolling stock 20 by the described first polarizer 11a, and described light receiving unit 12 receives the light c2 that is reflected by rolling stock 20.Described recognition unit 13 still is antirust rolling stock based on discerning the antirust rolling stock of described rolling stock 20 right and wrong by described light receiving unit 12 reception light quantities.
Thereby be adjusted to a direction by the described orientation of oscillation of the first polarizer 11a deflection from the light c1 of light irradiation unit 11 irradiations.As shown in Figure 2, when described rolling stock 20 was identified as non-antirust rolling stock 20a, because described surface is smooth relatively, described irradiates light c1 did not disperse (or diffusion usually; And when the surface reflection of described irradiates light c1 at non-antirust rolling stock 20a, the orientation of oscillation of described light changes usually diffused).Therefore, almost the orientation of oscillation with described irradiates light c1 is identical for the orientation of oscillation of described reflected light c2.
As shown in fig. 1, at this identification equipment 10 that is used for rolling stock, depart from respect to the described first polarizer 11a polarization direction that is arranged on the described second polarizer 12a in the described light receiving unit 12.Therefore, hindered by the described second polarizer 12a by the described reflected light c2 of the surface reflection of described non-antirust rolling stock 20a by the polarization that produces by the described first polarizer 11a and do not shine on the optical receiver 12b of described light receiving unit 12 usually.Have only fraction reflected light c2 by the described second polarizer 12a, the orientation of oscillation of described fraction reflected light c2 changes to and allows the direction of described reflected light by the described second polarizer 12a.Therefore, for non-antirust rolling stock 20a, the quantity of the light that is received by described light receiving unit 12 becomes considerably less.
On the other hand, as shown in Figure 3, when described rolling stock 20 was antirust rolling stock 20b, the surface of described rolling stock 20 was coated with rush-resisting material by antirust processing, and occurred very trickle irregular on the described surface.For example, when described surface by the zinc coating DIFFUSION TREATMENT during as antirust processing, the product that the surface coverage of described rolling stock has the reaction by kirsite and base material to produce, this causes forming on described rolling stock 20b surface trickle irregular.Light is fine reflected having on this fine irregularities surface.Therefore, on the surface of described antirust rolling stock 20b, described light is dispersed (or diffusion), and diminishes towards the total amount of the reflected light c2 of described light receiving unit 12.In addition, the orientation of oscillation of described reflected light c2 is by being arranged in the lip-deep trickle irregular random direction that changes to of described antirust rolling stock 20b.Therefore, as shown in Figure 4, thereby comprise towards the described reflected light c2 of the direction of described light receiving unit 12 reflection and to change its orientation of oscillation in so much it can see through the light of the second polarizer 12a.Illumination by the described second polarizer 12a is mapped to that described optical receiver 12b goes up and is detected.Fig. 3 is the viewgraph of cross-section of amplification that shows the surface state of antirust rolling stock 20b briefly, and has shown lip-deep disperse (or diffusion) state of light at described antirust rolling stock 20b.
As mentioned above, when the rolling stock that will discern is non-antirust rolling stock 20a, most reflected light c2 is hindered by the described second polarizer 12a, yet on the other hand, when described rolling stock is antirust rolling stock 20b, compare with the situation of non-antirust rolling stock 20a, it is bigger by the quantity of the detected reception light of optical pickup apparatus 12b to see through the second polarizer 12a.The quantitative difference that receives light is significant, and non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock can be identified by set suitable threshold in described recognition unit 13.As mentioned above, according to this identification equipment that is used for rolling stock 10 of the present invention, the difference of the quantity of the reception light that detects by light receiving unit 12 can be discerned non-antirust rolling stock 20a and antirust rolling stock 20b.
Yet,, still have the situation that is difficult to discern antirust rolling stock 20b and non-antirust rolling stock 20a even by this identification equipment 10 that is used for rolling stock.Especially, in trickle stripe-shaped roll mark when rolling (producing on the rolling direction) under the position of irradiates light c1 irradiation is present in situation in the non-antirust rolling stock 20a, when specific angle is arranged to respect to this rolling direction in the polarization direction of the first polarizer 11a of illumination unit 11, also can increase even under the situation of non-antirust rolling stock 20a, receive the quantity of light, thus the differentiation that leads to errors.
For example, the polarization direction b that is arranged to the second polarizer 12a when use departs from the unit of 90 degree with respect to the polarization direction a of the first polarizer 11a, and the polarization direction of the first polarizer 11a is arranged to rolling direction with respect to non-antirust rolling stock 20a departs from about 45 when spending, wrong identification will occur.
In this case, as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, from inclined-plane 30a, the 30b reflection of the stripe-shaped roll mark 30 that produces during irradiates light c1 is rolled of illumination unit 11 irradiation, and described reflected light is radiated on the light receiving unit 12.For the purpose of illustration, in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, emphasized the roll mark that produces during rolling, and described roll mark is illustrated as much larger than actual ratio.Yet actual roll mark is very trickle and in that do not use almost can not be identified under the situation of optical microscope etc.In addition, described shape also is that signal shows.
In this case, as shown in Figure 5, the stripe-shaped roll mark 30 that produces during rolling often has plane 30a, the 30b of relative tilt.When light shines on the roll mark 30 of described non-antirust rolling stock 20a from normal direction,, described light is easy to be reflected thereby being changed described light symmetrically by orientation of oscillation x, the y mirror image of plane 30a, the 30b of relative tilt reflection and described light.Particularly, suppose the stripe-shaped roll mark reflection that during irradiated irradiates light c1 is rolled on the orientation of oscillation x that spend with respect to the rolling direction one-tenth+45 of rolling stock, produces.When described irradiates light c1 by the plane 30a of the relative tilt of described stripe-shaped roll mark 30,30b reflex time, described light be easy to change to-45 the degree and reflex on the orientation of oscillation y.Therefore, when the polarization direction a of the first polarizer 11a is configured to become+45 to spend with respect to the rolling direction of described rolling stock, depart from the unit of 90 degree with respect to the polarization direction a of the first polarizer 11a at the polarization direction b that is arranged to the second polarizer 12a.Under the situation of non-antirust rolling stock, change to the reflected light c2 of-45 degree generations by the orientation of oscillation y of the irradiates light c1 on the roll mark that will be radiated at rolling stock, thereby can be detected by described optical receiver 12b by the described second polarizer 12a of transmission.
So, situation below for example may taking place: thus the irradiates light c1 that is radiated on the roll mark of rolling stock is detected by optical receiver 12b by the second polarizer 12a by roll mark reflection and the transmission of rolling stock 20a, and do not have polarization direction b that described arrangements of cells becomes the second polarizer 12a to depart from 90 ° of angles with respect to the polarization direction a of the first polarizer 11a.
Fig. 7 has shown described irradiates light c1 is radiated at situation on the stripe-shaped roll mark 30 that produces on the surface of non-antirust rolling stock 20a during rolling from described illumination unit 11 under, when the identification equipment 10 of described rolling stock rotates with respect to the rolling direction in the plan view, by the result's of described light receiving unit quantity 12 detections, that receive light example.In Fig. 7 of the identification equipment 10 that relates to described rolling stock, angle with respect to the polarization direction of the first polarizer 11a of the rolling direction of non-antirust rolling stock 20a is labeled in a circumferential direction, and is indicated on the radial direction (radical direction) by the size of the quantity of light receiving unit 12 detected reception light.
As shown in Figure 3, described antirust rolling stock 20b have by the rush-resisting material on the surface cause trickle irregular, and the orientation of oscillation of described reflected light c2 is changed and is any direction.Therefore, the quantity of the light that receives that is detected by light receiving unit 12 is constant substantially and do not depend on the angle of described arrangements of cells.Dotted line P among Fig. 7 has shown the mean value of the quantity of the reception light under the situation of antirust rolling stock 20b.When checking non-antirust rolling stock 20a on the stripe-shaped roll mark that produces during rolling, as by shown in the solid line Q among Fig. 7, the quantity of the reception light that is detected by described light receiving unit 12 when changing the angle of described arrangements of cells changes.On the other hand, when on non-antirust rolling stock 20a is being different from the position of the rolling roll mark of stripe-shaped that produces during rolling, checking non-antirust rolling stock 20a, even change the angle of described arrangements of cells, the quantity of the reception light that detects by described light receiving unit 12 still seldom, shown in the dash line R that the length among Fig. 7 replaces.Be noted that Fig. 7 has shown an example, and because the stripe-shaped roll mark that forms during rolling, for the quantity that receives light, non-antirust rolling stock has individual difference.In addition, even for identical non-antirust rolling stock, the quantity of the light that receives in different positions is also different.
In the angular zone of representing with q1 to q3 in by Fig. 7, the quantity of the reception light that is detected by light receiving unit 12 increases.In the angular zone of this q1 to q3, the difference that receives the quantity of light between non-antirust rolling stock 20a and the antirust rolling stock 20b diminishes, and between them appropriate threshold can not be set.Therefore, distinguish described rolling stock accurately and become difficult.
Under the situation about being detected on the position of the rolling roll mark of stripe-shaped that non-antirust rolling stock 20a produces during the rolling or position of the similar stripe-shaped processing trace that causes by the following process of for example compression moulding, and the first polarizer 11a that is arranged in the described illumination unit 11 is disposed under the situation in the specific angle zone with respect to the rolling direction of non-antirust rolling stock 20a, and this result takes place.
Based on the type of identification work, the rolling direction of the rolling stock that discern is tangible.In this case, the first polarizer 11a of illumination unit 11 is clearly with respect to which side of rolling stock to what cause problem.In this case, the unit of the identification equipment 10 of described rolling stock can be arranged to, and the polarization direction a of the first polarizer 11a is oriented to avoid causing the angular zone of problem with respect to the rolling direction of the rolling stock that will be identified.Therefore, can avoid this situation.In addition, as shown in Figure 7, for example, the polarization direction a that is arranged to the first polarizer 11a when described unit is parallel to or during perpendicular to the rolling direction of described rolling stock, and aforesaid situation can take place hardly and diminish in the quantity of the following light that receives of situation of non-antirust rolling stock 20a.Therefore, the described unit polarization direction a that can be arranged to the first polarizer 11a is parallel to or perpendicular to the rolling direction of rolling stock.
In some identification work, the rolling direction of the rolling stock that be identified is unclear.In this case, for example, as shown in Figure 7, in the equipment of forming in the described unit that is fixed by the departure of the relative angle between the polarization direction of the polarization direction of the first polarizer 11a and the second polarizer 12a wherein, described rayed is by the first polarizer 11a, the angle of described unit is changed simultaneously, the polarization direction a of such first polarizer 11a is identified with respect to the surface of the rolling stock that will be identified, and based on the angle of described unit, discerning non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock by the quantity of the received light of described polarizer 12a.In the case, the angle-adjusting mechanism (not illustrating among the figure) that changes described unit angle can be provided with, the orientation of oscillation of the irradiates light of described like this illumination unit 11 is identified (thereby in the example shown in Fig. 7, changing the polarization direction of the first polarizer 11a) with respect to the rolling direction of rolling stock.Described light can be radiated on the surface of rolling stock from illumination unit 11, thereby simultaneously the angle of described unit is changed from the orientation of oscillation of the light of the illumination unit 11 irradiations rolling direction with respect to the rolling stock that will be identified and is changed by described angle-adjusting mechanism.Then, based on the relation between the quantity of the angle of the described unit of being adjusted by described angle-adjusting mechanism and the light that is received by described light receiving unit, described non-antirust rolling stock and described antirust rolling stock can be discerned by described recognition unit.
According to described method, when the rolling stock that will be identified is antirust rolling stock, shown in the dotted line P among Fig. 7, can obtain the quantity of the light of constant substantially reception in each angle of described unit.On the other hand, when the rolling stock that will be identified is non-antirust rolling stock, as shown in the solid line Q among Fig. 7, but the variation on the described unit angle is easy to be increased in the quantity of the light that receives in the angular zone the quantity that is reduced in the light that receives in another angular zone.
So, when the angle of described rayed by the first polarizer 11a described unit of while changes, thereby change from the orientation of oscillation of the irradiates light of illumination unit 11 rolling direction with respect to the rolling stock that will be identified, and when considering on the angle of described unit the quantity of the light that receives by the second polarizer 12a, can discern non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock based on the trend of the quantity of the light that receives.In this case, the angle of described unit can change along whole periphery, perhaps can implement the detection of non-antirust rolling stock of identification and antirust rolling stock in some suitable angles.For example, pre-determine the angle of 0 °, 45 ° and 90 °, described rayed by the first polarizer 11a simultaneously the angle of described unit change to this angle, and discern non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock based on the trend of the quantity of the light that on the angle of described unit, receives by the second polarizer 12a.
Next the method for non-antirust rolling stock of identification and antirust rolling stock will be described in another embodiment.As mentioned above, in non-antirust rolling stock, when when the orientation of oscillation of the light of illumination unit irradiation is specific angle with respect to the relative angle of the rolling direction of the rolling stock that will be identified, the quantity of the light that receives in the position of rolling roll mark can increase.In this case, the identification between non-antirust rolling stock and the antirust rolling stock becomes difficult.Therefore, as the recognition methods between non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock, preferably, it can discern non-antirust rolling stock and described antirust rolling stock, and do not consider that rolling roll mark exists or do not exist, even and when rolling direction is not known, be not subjected to the influence of rolling direction yet.
According to the method for described identification rolling stock, as shown in Figure 8, direction of illumination D tilts with respect to the surface 21 of the rolling stock that will be identified, and the light c1 that orientation of oscillation is adjusted to a direction shines on described surperficial 21.Light-receiving direction E tilts with respect to the surface 21 of rolling stock.The light c2 that is reflected by the surface 21 of rolling stock is received by polarizer 52a, and the polarization direction b of described polarizer 52a departs from respect to the orientation of oscillation of the light c1 on the surface 21 that is radiated at rolling stock.Then, based on the quantity of the light that receives, discern non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock.The equipment of implementing described method is hereinafter described.
As shown in Figure 8, identification equipment method, that be used for rolling stock 50 that is used to implement to discern rolling stock is by illumination unit 51, and receiving element 52 and recognition unit 53 are formed.
As shown in Figure 8, described illumination unit 51 is arranged to surface 21 inclinations of described direction of illumination D with respect to rolling stock, and the irradiation orientation of oscillation is adjusted to the light c1 of a direction.In this embodiment, described illumination unit 51 is made up of the light-emitting device 51b and the first polarizer 51a, described light-emitting device 51b is arranged to described direction of illumination D and tilts with respect to the surface 21 of rolling stock, and the described first polarizer 51a is disposed in the front of light-emitting device 51b and will adjusts to a direction by the orientation of oscillation of the light of light-emitting device 51b emission on direction of illumination.Also can use the light emitting diode (LED) of the described light of irradiation, the orientation of oscillation of described light is adjusted to a direction in advance.
Described light receiving unit 52 is arranged to described light-receiving direction E and tilts with respect to described surperficial 21 of rolling stock.Described light receiving unit 52 receives light c2 by surface 21 reflections of described rolling stock by polarizer 51a, and described polarizer 51a is arranged to described polarization direction b to be departed from respect to the orientation of oscillation a of the light on the surface 21 that shines rolling stock from illumination unit 51.In this embodiment, described light receiving unit 52 is arranged on the optical pickup apparatus of the second polarizer 52a back and reception light to be formed by the second polarizer 52a with on light-receiving direction E, and the polarization direction b of described second polarizer 52 departs from respect to the polarization direction a of the first polarizer 51a of described illumination unit 51.The optical pickup apparatus that produces electric current according to the quantity of the light that receives is used as described optical pickup apparatus 52b.Various media with characteristic of the described light of deflection can be used as described polarizer 51a, 51b.For example, can use known media such as polaroid or polarized lens.Be noted that in this embodiment described light receiving unit 52 is arranged to light-receiving direction E and tilts to the direction identical with the direction of illumination D of described illumination unit 51 with respect to the surface 21 of rolling stock.Yet, light receiving unit 52 is arranged to light-receiving direction E and tilts enough with respect to the surface 21 of rolling stock, and light receiving unit 52 there is no need to be arranged to light-receiving direction E and tilts to the direction identical with the direction of illumination D of illumination unit 51 with respect to the surface 21 of rolling stock.
Based on the quantity of the light that receives by described light receiving unit 52, described recognition unit 53 non-antirust rolling stock of identification and antirust rolling stocks.
As in the above-described embodiments, the unit of the relative angle deviation between the polarization direction b of the polarizer 52a that the orientation of oscillation a of fixing light c1 from described illumination unit 51 irradiations is interior with being arranged on described light receiving unit 52 also can be made up of illumination unit 51 and light receiving unit 52.This embodiment is suitable for unit 50a, and described unit 50a is fixedly arranged the polarization direction b that becomes to be arranged on the second polarizer 52a in the light receiving unit 52 and departs from 90 ° of angles with respect to the polarization direction a that is arranged on the first polarizer 51a in the illumination unit 51.
As shown in Figure 8, in the identification equipment 50 of rolling stock, the direction of illumination D that described illumination unit 51 and described receiving element 52 are arranged to illumination unit 51 with respect to the surface tilt of rolling stock to the direction identical with the receive direction E of receiving element 52.In other words, described illumination unit 51 and the described receiving element 52 receive direction E that is arranged to the direction of illumination D of illumination unit 51 and receiving element 52 with respect to the normal direction F on the surface 21 of rolling stock with predetermined angle tilt.
When light c1 is radiated on the position of the roll mark that is different from non-antirust rolling stock 20a from described illumination unit 51, as shown in Figure 8, because the smoothness on the surface 21 of rolling stock 20, point to described trimmed book body by the reflected light c2 of surface 21 reflections of rolling stock and can not shine direction on the light receiving unit 52.Therefore, the light quantity by described light receiving unit 52 detected receptions is very little.
In addition, as shown in Fig. 9 (a), even in the time of on the position of the roll mark 30 when light c1 is radiated at non-antirust rolling stock 20a from illumination unit 51 in, as long as the inclined-plane 30a with roll mark 30 is not relative for illumination unit 51, as shown in Fig. 9 (b), point to described trimmed book body by the light c2 of the inclined-plane 30a of rolling roll mark 30 reflection and can not shine direction on the light receiving unit 52.Therefore, the quantity by the light of described light receiving unit 52 detected receptions is very little.
And, as shown in Figure 10, when light c1 is radiated on the position of rolling roll mark 30 of non-antirust rolling stock 20a and the inclined-plane 30a of rolling roll mark 30 when relative from described illumination unit 51, points to described illumination by the light c2 of the inclined-plane 30a reflection of rolling roll mark 30 and be mapped to direction on the light receiving unit 52.Yet, even in this case, because being arranged on the polarization direction a of the first polarizer 51a in the illumination unit 51 departs from the polarization direction b that is arranged on the second polarizer 52a in the light receiving unit 52, light c2 by the inclined-plane 30a of roll mark reflection is stopped by the second polariscope 52a of light receiving unit 52, and is not radiated on the light receiving unit 52.Therefore, the amount of the light that is received that is detected by light receiving unit 52 is very little.
So, when the antirust rolling stock 20a of described rolling stock 20 right and wrong, no matter the position of roll mark 30 or the rolling direction of rolling stock, the quantitative change of the light that receives that is detected by light receiving unit 52 gets very little usually.
On the other hand, when described rolling stock was antirust rolling stock 20b, as shown in Figure 3, described light was rolled surface 21 diffusions of material and reflection mutually, thereby the polarization of irradiates light c1 is eliminated and reflects, and the orientation of oscillation of reflected light c2 becomes direction at random.Therefore, the light of a large amount of receptions is detected by light receiving unit 52.
Therefore, according to the method for identification rolling stock, when the antirust rolling stock of rolling stock right and wrong that will be identified, be that the situation of antirust rolling stock is compared with rolling stock, the amount of the light of reception can be kept enough low.In the case, also can be for the difference setting threshold between the amount of the light that receives under the amount of the light that receives under the antirust rolling stock situation and the non-antirust rolling stock situation, thus antirust rolling stock and non-antirust rolling stock can easily and exactly be discerned.
For example, when the light-receiving direction E that is arranged to the direction of illumination D of illumination unit 51 and light receiving unit 52 when described illumination unit 51 and described light receiving unit 52 tilts with 45 degree with respect to the normal direction F on the surface 21 of rolling stock, as shown in Figure 11, the difference on the amount of the light of reception seems clearly.In Figure 11, bright casket is represented the measured value of antirust rolling stock 20b, and black box is represented the measured value of non-antirust rolling stock 20a.Transverse axis among Figure 11 is represented the relation between the polarization direction of the first polarizer 51a of the rolling direction of rolling stock and illumination unit 51.As from test findings, understanding, no matter the relation between the polarization direction of the first polarizer 51a of the rolling direction of rolling stock and illumination unit 51 enough difference can occur between the measured value of the measured value of non-antirust rolling stock 20a and antirust rolling stock 20b.Therefore, can be between the measured value of the measured value of non-antirust rolling stock 20a and antirust rolling stock 20b setting threshold, thereby two kinds may between make difference.
In the test shown in Figure 11, the JIS-SPCC material is used as non-antirust rolling stock, and the steel plate of the zinc coat DIFFUSION TREATMENT of JIS-SGCC is used as antirust rolling stock.Described measured value is determined by using the measuring equipment CZ-H35S that is produced by Keyence Corporation, has connected the amplifier CZ-V21 that is produced by Keyence Corporation on the described measuring equipment CZ-H35S.Described measuring equipment CZ-H35S is placed on distance with 35mm from the position of rolling stock, so that measure described measured value.Described measured value on perpendicular line is the measured value by the amount of the light of the reception of described measuring equipment measurement, and shows that described value is big more, and the amount of the light of reception is big more.
In the method for identification rolling stock, consider the material of rolling stock and the rust-proofing method of rolling stock, being limited to the surface 21 of rolling stock and the angle [alpha] between the direction of illumination D can be set, thereby the enough difference of appearance between the measured value of the measured value of the amount of the light that when non-antirust rolling stock is measured, receives and the amount of the light of reception when rush-resisting material is measured, thereby no matter the relation between the polarization direction a of the first polariscope 51a of the rolling direction of rolling stock 20 and illumination unit 51, setting threshold betwixt.
As shown in Figure 12 and 13, method about this identification rolling stock, the present inventor studied different time change with respect to the normal direction F on the surface 21 of rolling stock illumination unit 51 direction of illumination D inclination angle (inclination alpha) first polarizer polarization direction a, and further change relation between the polarization direction of first polarizer of the rolling direction of non-antirust rolling stock 20a and illumination unit 51 in, in the amount and the relation between the amount of the light that receives under the situation of antirust rolling stock 20b of the light that receives under the situation of non-antirust rolling stock 20a.Figure 12 has shown that having spending to 80 degree from 0 of angle (inclination alpha) extracts the charts of data every 10 degree, and described angle is the angle of the direction of illumination D of illumination unit 51 with respect to the normal direction F on the surface 21 of rolling stock.Figure 13 has shown from 5 and has spent to the chart of 75 degree every the data extracted of inclination alpha of 10 degree.
As near direction of illumination D when very little and direction of illumination D is the normal direction F on the surface 21 of rolling stock with respect to the inclination alpha on rolling stock surface 21, the peak value and the difference between the amount of the light that receives under the antirust rolling stock situation of the amount of the light that receives are very little, change in the relation of described peak value between the rolling direction of the polarization direction of the polarizer of illumination unit 51 and non-antirust rolling stock.Therefore, be difficult to setting threshold and be difficult to discern non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock.
In addition, when near and the surface 21 of direction of illumination D very big at rolling stock with respect to the inclination alpha of the surface 21 direction of illumination D of rolling stock, amount at the amount of the light that receives under the antirust rolling stock situation and the light that receives under non-antirust rolling stock situation all becomes very little, and also becomes very little in the amount and the difference between the amount of the light that receives under the non-antirust rolling stock situation of the light that receives under the antirust rolling stock situation.Therefore, be difficult to the amount of the light that receives under the antirust rolling stock situation and between the amount of the light that receives under the non-antirust rolling stock situation setting threshold, and be difficult to discern non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock.
The present inventor also further differently changes test condition by the material that changes non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock, has implemented these tests.Found that, usually, the angle (inclination alpha) of direction of illumination D that illumination unit 51 can be arranged to illumination unit 51 with respect to the normal direction F on the surface 21 of rolling stock in the scope of 20-70 degree.Preferably, illumination unit 51 is arranged to direction of illumination D at 25 degree or still less lower limit and 65 degree or more tilt in the angular region of the upper limit.More preferably, find that direction of illumination can be set at about 45 degree with respect to the angle on the surface of rolling stock.
So, according to the method for identification rolling stock, can discern the antirust rolling stock of rolling stock right and wrong still is antirust rolling stock.In the case, no matter rolling roll mark exists or does not exist, and no matter stripe-shaped processing roll mark (described stripe-shaped processing roll mark for example produces during the compression moulding of rolling stock) exists or does not exist, can discern relevant antirust rolling stock of rolling stock right and wrong or antirust rolling stock, and, even when rolling direction is not known, be not subjected to the influence of rolling direction yet.
The identification equipment that is used for rolling stock according to an embodiment of the invention described above, but the invention is not restricted to the foregoing description, and can change in many ways.
Claims (4)
1. recognition methods that is used for rolling stock, described recognition methods utilizes identification equipment to discern non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock, described identification equipment is arranged on the production line of the processing that rolling stock is stipulated, and the rolling stock of coming towards the state transfer of determining with rolling direction on this production line discerned, described identification equipment comprises:
Illumination unit, described illumination unit are adjusted to the light of a direction with respect to the orientation of oscillation of the surface irradiation light of rolling stock;
Light receiving unit, described light receiving unit is by the described light of polarizer reception by the surface reflection of rolling stock, and depart from respect to the orientation of oscillation that is radiated at the lip-deep light of rolling stock from illumination unit the polarization direction of described polarizer; With
Recognition unit, described recognition unit is discerned non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock based on the amount of the light that is received by described light receiving unit,
Described illumination unit and light receiving unit are included in and make in the unit of fixing from the orientation of oscillation of the light of illumination unit irradiation and the relative angle deviation between the polarization direction that is arranged in the polarizer in the light receiving unit,
Said method comprising the steps of:
Thereby change the angle of described unit from the surface irradiation light of illumination unit to rolling stock by changing with respect to the rolling direction of described rolling stock from the mode of the orientation of oscillation of the light of described illumination unit irradiation, and by the light of light receiving unit reception by the surface reflection of described rolling stock, obtain the relation of the amount of the angle of described unit and the light that light receiving unit receives
The relation of the amount of the light that receives based on the angle of described unit and light receiving unit, fixed angle with regulation disposes described unit, from the illumination unit of this unit surface irradiation light to rolling stock, and by the light of light receiving unit reception by the surface reflection of described rolling stock, based on the amount of this light, being identified in the antirust rolling stock of rolling stock right and wrong that described production line transmits by described recognition unit still is antirust rolling stock.
2. the angle of described unit is wherein set in the recognition methods that is used for rolling stock according to claim 1, makes from the orientation of oscillation of the light of illumination unit irradiation parallel or vertical with the rolling direction of described rolling stock.
3. an identification equipment that is used for rolling stock is used to discern non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock, comprising:
Illumination unit, described surface with respect to the rolling stock that will be identified, the orientation of oscillation of irradiates light is adjusted to the light of a direction;
Light receiving unit, described light receiving unit is by the light of polarizer reception by the surface reflection of rolling stock, and depart from respect to the orientation of oscillation that is radiated at the lip-deep light of rolling stock from illumination unit the polarization direction of described polarizer; With
Recognition unit, described recognition unit is discerned non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock based on the amount of the light that is received by described light receiving unit,
Wherein said illumination unit and described light receiving unit are included in and make in the unit that relative angle deviation between the orientation of oscillation of the light of illumination unit irradiation and the polarization direction that is arranged in the polarizer in the light receiving unit is fixed;
Described identification equipment is provided with angle-adjusting mechanism, and described angle-adjusting mechanism changes the angle of described unit, thereby changes from the orientation of oscillation of the light of illumination unit irradiation with respect to the rolling direction of the rolling stock that will be identified, and
Be irradiated onto from the light of illumination unit on the surface of rolling stock simultaneously that the angle of described unit is changed by described angle-adjusting mechanism, and
Relation between the amount of the light that described recognition unit receives based on the angle of described unit and by light receiving unit is discerned non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock.
4. method that is used to discern rolling stock, wherein illumination unit and light receiving unit are included in the unit, described illumination unit is mapped to the illumination that orientation of oscillation is adjusted to a direction on the surface of rolling stock, and described light receiving unit is by the light of polarizer reception by the surface reflection of rolling stock, and described unit make fix from the relative angle departure between the polarization direction of the polarizer of the orientation of oscillation of the light of illumination unit irradiation and light receiving unit and
Described rayed changes the angle of described unit simultaneously on the surface of rolling stock, and discerns non-antirust rolling stock and antirust rolling stock based on the light quantity that is received by light receiving unit each angle in described unit.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005335893 | 2005-11-21 | ||
| JP335893/2005 | 2005-11-21 | ||
| PCT/JP2006/305038 WO2007057993A1 (en) | 2005-11-21 | 2006-03-14 | Method for discriminating rolled material and apparatus for the method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101069086A CN101069086A (en) | 2007-11-07 |
| CN101069086B true CN101069086B (en) | 2010-06-16 |
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| CN2006800002246A Expired - Fee Related CN101069086B (en) | 2005-11-21 | 2006-03-14 | Method for discriminating rolled material and apparatus for the method |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN101069086B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007057993A1 (en) |
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| CN106475427A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-03-08 | 北京首钢股份有限公司 | A kind of system and method for determining plate sheet and strip direction |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1149718A (en) * | 1995-10-27 | 1997-05-14 | 日本钢管株式会社 | Method for detecting surface defects and apparatus thereof |
| US20010015414A1 (en) * | 2000-01-07 | 2001-08-23 | Heimo Keranen | Method and arrangement for inspection of surfaces |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0772076A (en) * | 1993-09-02 | 1995-03-17 | Mazda Motor Corp | Deciding apparatus for work material |
| JP3716650B2 (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 2005-11-16 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Surface flaw inspection device |
| JP2001318058A (en) * | 2000-05-11 | 2001-11-16 | Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd | Surface discrimination method of article |
| JP2004021093A (en) * | 2002-06-19 | 2004-01-22 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Image forming apparatus |
-
2006
- 2006-03-14 CN CN2006800002246A patent/CN101069086B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-03-14 WO PCT/JP2006/305038 patent/WO2007057993A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1149718A (en) * | 1995-10-27 | 1997-05-14 | 日本钢管株式会社 | Method for detecting surface defects and apparatus thereof |
| US20010015414A1 (en) * | 2000-01-07 | 2001-08-23 | Heimo Keranen | Method and arrangement for inspection of surfaces |
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| WO2007057993A1 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
| CN101069086A (en) | 2007-11-07 |
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