CN101065752B - 健康监视器系统和用于健康监视的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种可移动的健康监视器系统,该系统包括至少一个生理数据传感器,至少一个生物力学数据传感器,以及用于在生理数据和生物物理数据之间进行关联的处理单元。一种用于健康监视的方法,包括:确定测量启动事件的发生;响应测量启动事件的发生启动附加的测量;以及在收集的生理数据之间进行相互关联以提供相互关联的数据。
Description
相关申请
本申请是2002年3月4日申请的美国专利申请序列号为10/086633的专利申请的部分继续,该申请是1999年3月3日申请的美国专利申请序列号为09/261136,现在的美国专利6366871的部分继续,其要求1999年3月3日申请的美国临时专利申请序列号60/076660的专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及生物监视装置领域。更具体地说,本发明描述了一种多输入的便携监视器。
背景技术
具有多种类型的可以反映人的健康的生理数据。在本领域内,多种生理监视器是已知的,其中包括心电图(ECG)监视装置,用于监视血氧饱和度的装置,用于监视呼吸的装置,用于监视血糖的装置,用于监视血压的装置,用于监视肺功能的装置,用于监视SpO2饱和度的装置,用于监视温度的装置,用于肥胖分析的装置,用于妊娠妇女的胎心监视装置,EEG装置等等。每个生理监视装置包括至少一个传感器,还可以包括模拟元件例如模拟放大器、模拟比较器、模数转换器等。
各种类型的生理数据响应于人的生理活动(或者这种活动的缺乏)。例如,人的血压和心跳当其生理活跃时会增加。另一个例子是,血压通过手安装的套带进行测量,手的生理状态可能影响所述测量。
此外,各种类型的生理数据之间的相关性可以提供关于各种监视事件的重要信息。
需要提供一种用于在生理数据和人的生理活动之间进行关联的系统和方法。
还需要在各种类型的生理数据之间进行关联。
发明内容
本发明提供一种用于在生物物理学数据(和人的生理活动相关的数据)之间以及在生理数据例如但不限于血压、心率、ECG、呼吸速率等等之间进行关联的方法和系统。
本发明提供一种可移动的健康监视器系统,该系统包括至少一个生理数据传感器,至少一个生物力学数据传感器,以及处理单元。所述处理单元和这些传感器相连,并适用于在采集的生理数据和采集的生物物理数据之间进行关联。这些连接可以包括有线、无线链接等。方便地,处理单元包括软件与/或硬件元件。
本发明提供一种用于在各种类型的生理数据之间进行关联的系统和方法,并尤其用于当另一个生理数据测量指示测量启动事件发生时,启动至少一个生理数据测量。
本发明提供一种用于在多种类型的生理数据测量的测量之间进行同步的系统和方法。
本发明还提供一种用于无线传输和来自人的数据相关的多个生理测量与/或物理活动的系统和方法。
本发明提供一种能够测量至少一种类型的生理数据并无线传输所述数据的手安装的装置。
附图说明
为了更好地理解本发明,参看下面的附图,这些附图通过引用被包括在本说明中,其中:
图1a表示按照本发明的一个实施例的监视装置的一个实施例;
图1b表示按照本发明的一个实施例的监视装置的实施例;
图2是按照本发明的实施例的Holter的电气结构的方块图;
图3是按照本发明的实施例的检测鞋垫的结构图;
图4表示按照本发明的实施例用于检测接触周期tc的算法;
图5表示按照本发明的实施例的标明人的身体的X,Y和Z轴的坐标系;
图6表示按照本发明的实施例的加速度信号以及加速度信号的微分;
图7是按照本发明的实施例的健康监视方法的流程图;以及
图8是按照本发明的另一个实施例的健康监视方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
在下面的详细说明中,将说明许多特定的细节以提供对本发明的透彻的理解。不过,本领域普通技术人员应当理解,本发明可以不用这些特定的细节而被实施。在其它的实例中,未详细说明熟知的方法和过程,以不致使得本发明不清楚。
传感器这个术语指的是传感器,不过也指在传感器的输出被发送与/或由处理单元处理之前,至少用于对传感器的输出进行初始处理所需的模拟的与/或数字的电路。
在本发明的装置、系统和方法的一个实施例中,一种典型的便携式监视器(例如HOLTER监视器,虽然可以使用其它类型的监视器)采集来自人的生理数据,一般使用多种传感器实时地进行采集。Geva的美国专利6366871描述了一种多输入监视器。
一般采集一项或多项生理数据(例如心率、ECG、血压、呼吸次数等),并同时采集和物理活动相关的数据(也称为生物物理数据),例如运动、身体的姿式和肌肉骨骼的载荷。这种监视可以在日常活动期间在诊室外部进行。采集的数据例如可被记录与/或下载到或发送到计算机、蜂窝电话、个人数据辅助设备和类似设备以供分析。
和人的物理活动相关联的生理数据例如可用于评价心血管健康状况和与日常活动的习惯方式相关的危险因素。本发明的实施例可以允许采集和人的同时的身体运动相关的生理数据和关于这种身体运动的数据。
采集的生理数据和与人的活动有关的数据可被无线传输到短距离接收器,其接着把信息传送给或者提供给一个长距离收发器系统,使得最终把数据发送到远方地点,包括远程数据基站、远方医疗中心等。多种短程传输标准包括例如但不限于蓝牙,WLAN,ZigB,Wi-Fi,WLAN,UWB等。
可以实时地进行长距离传输,但是不必如此。可以利用多种长距离传输网络,例如但不限于LAN,有线电视,卫星电视,CCTV,电话线,GSM/GPRS,CDMA,iTV,因特网等。
健康监视器系统可以和长距离收发器例如蜂窝电话、个人数据辅助设备PDA等交换数据。
生理数据以及物理活动相关的数据可以由监视器或长距离收发器处理。名称为“Personal health monitor and a method for healthmonitoring”的美国专利申请说明了一种在发送生理数据之前还对生理数据进行处理的收发器,该专利申请通过引用被包括在此。
健康监视系统可以包括一个或多个生理数据传感器、物理活动传感器、处理器和收发器。这些元件可以通过有线通信或无线通信相连。
图1a表示按照本发明的实施例的一种健康监视系统。参见图1a,健康监视器系统100包括处理单元101,例如其可连附于人的上臂。一般地说,处理单元101的结构和操作和轻便的HOLTER型设备类似,具有按照本发明的实施例的一些改进,不过可以是其它的结构。
空气压力臂套带可以是血压臂套带。通过把处理单元101连附到血压臂套带102上,提供了一种非常有效的健康监视器系统。这个系统甚至可以包括处理单元101集成到和血压臂套带102相连的附加的传感器中,因而提供一种可被快速地佩带和除去的健康监视器系统,而不需要在处理单元和传感器之间的有线或无线连接,因而降低了这种系统的成本,增加了其可靠性,使得其更容易佩带。这种血压上臂套带装置也可以是24小时或更长时间的血压HOLTER。这个装置可以通过处理单元101、个人计算机、蜂窝电话或PDA被编程。
处理单元101可被安装或连附于其它传感器、收发器或装置上,可被埋置在其它设备内。处理单元101被连接于一个或多个生理数据传感器。一般地说,处理单元101可连附于空气压力臂套带102,其一般用于提供血压值的自动测量。在一个实施例中,空气压力臂套带102包括压力传感器109,用于测量臂套带102中的空气压力。附加的生理数据可被校正。一般地说,处理单元101尤其用于存储用时间标记的一系列血压值。可以使用其它的数据格式并存储其它的数据。处理单元101不必连附于压力套带102。
处理单元101例如可被连接于至少一个生物物理数据传感器例如加速度计传感器103,一般连附于人的腕部或下臂,姿式传感器104,一般连附于人的胸部或躯干,以及脚步或地接触传感器105,一般位于人的脚上,一般在鞋垫上。这些生物物理数据传感器提供关于人的物理活动的指示。
在其它的实施例中,可以使用其它类型的传感器或其它的传感器组,并且这些传感器可被置于其它位置。一般地说,不同的单元可以借助于传输电信号的合适的导线、电缆或者通过无线链接相连。
加速度计传感器103可用作手运动传感器(当被置于人体上的一个位置上时),用于检测特定的手的运动方式。姿式传感器104可以提供姿式感测,测量一般在3个正交轴上的加速度或人体的其它物理性能(例如位置、方位)。由姿式传感器104产生的数据可用于计算或确定例如相对于垂直轴的人体的姿式、位置或方位。在一个实施例中,脚步传感器105包括应变仪,用于测量置于人的鞋内的鞋垫,用于监视脚的压力,其它的配置也是可能的。
图1B表示按照本发明的实施例使用双向无线连接的监视系统。参见图1B,系统100例如包括处理单元101,臂套带102,加速度计传感器103,姿式传感器104,地接触传感器105,以及连附于人的胸部的电极。单元101,102,103,104,105以及可能地106中的一些可以使用无线连接相连。在一个实施例中,单元103,104和105中的每一个包括发送器107a,它们一般使用已知的蓝牙标准技术,把这些单元输出的数据发送到位于处理单元101中的接收器107b。一般地说,因为处理单元101被安装在臂套带102上或其附近,单元101和102不必进行无线通信。如果处理单元101和臂套带102在不同的位置,则可以无线地在它们之间进行通信。接收器107b一般使用已知的蓝牙标准技术,用于接收由各个生理监视单元输出的数据。
可以利用无线连接传送指令,以当一个传感器检测到一个事件发生时(例如血压或心率升高到某个阈值以上)或者以定期的方式启动测量。
在多个测量之间的同步可以对人或者医生提供重要信息。借助于分析从各个传感器收集的生理数据,监视系统可以确定是否发生了事件,是否要求人进行附加的测量与/或是否向远方系统发送数据,是否对人产生警告信号等。警告信号还可以包括用于呼叫某个号码(例如远方医疗中心、医生等的电话号码)的请求,还可以命令人采取某些行动(例如休息、引水、服药等)。
图2是按照本发明的一个实施例的监视系统100的各个元件的方块图。参见图2,可充气的臂套带102通过管子202和压力传感器109、套带压力调节阀204以及空气泵205相连。可以使用用于血压监视的具有不同结构和功能的其它已知的设备和系统。在图2所示的系统中,在一些实施例中,可以使用蓝牙标准无线地传输数据。在另外的实施例中,可以使用其它的无线标准和要求。
处理单元101包括带通滤波器206、处理器例如微控制器209、低通滤波器207、低通滤波器221以及一个或多个ECG放大器218。微控制器209一般包括内置的A/D转换器(未示出),只读存储器(ROM,未示出)以及随机存取存储器(RAM,未示出)。
在另一些实施例中,这些元件可位于微控制器209的外部。微控制器209可以和其它装置进行通信,例如存储器(一般为闪存)210、音频放大器211、用于通过电话网络(例如PSTN)进行传输的扬声器212、红外(IR)收发器213、例如使用蓝牙标准的无线收发器214以及天线215。可以使用其它的元件组和其它的元件组合。微控制器209一般按照例如控制程序处理输入的信号,控制程序被存储在ROM或其它的存储器中,这些存储器被包含在微控制器209内或例如通过利用RAM的暂时存储功能和微控制器209相连,并可对处理单元101的控制元件提供驱动或控制信号,例如用于进行测试。处理单元101例如可以和电动机208或用于控制套带102的阀门204相连。电池电源224对处理单元101的元件提供所需的电压。可以使用闪存之外的存储方法。
压力传感器109的输出信号在被处理单元109收到后,便可以在本地在处理单元101中被处理。或者,这种信号可以在远方装置例如在诊室被处理。例如,压力传感器109的信号可被输入到低通滤波器206,其向微控制器209的模拟输入AN4选择地传送接收的压力信号的心跳同步振动分量作为脉冲波信号“PWS”。脉冲波信号PWS一般代表由被测臂的受压动脉产生的脉冲波,其被传播到可充气的臂套带102,在臂上提供压力。压力传感器109的压力信号例如可被输入到低通滤波器207,其可以选择地向微控制器209的模拟输入AN3传送接收的信号的稳态分量作为套带压力信号“SPS”。在一个实施例中,套带压力信号SPS代表可充气臂套带102内的静态压力的改变。可以使用用于处理压力传感器的输出的其他方法和装置,在其它实施例中,不需要由人佩带的本地单元进行处理。
为了测量血压,微控制器209例如可以向气泵205的电机驱动器208发送驱动信号,以使套带101充气,借以压迫上臂,并可以把驱动信号送到套带压力调节阀204,以逐渐减少套带102的套带压力。微控制器209在套带压力减少期间通过各个滤波器206、207从压力传感器109接收脉冲波信号PWS和套带压力信号CPS。微控制器209根据接收的信号PWS和CPS,以已知的示波器血压测量方法分别确定对象的心脏收缩(SAP)血压和舒张(DAP)血压值。微控制器209把SAP和DAP值例如收集在闪存210的血压(BP)存储区内。在一个实施例中,套带102、气泵205、压力传感器109、滤波器206和207以及微控制器209相互协同操作,以提供血压HOLTER。
处理单元101同时作为例如ECG三通道HOLTER。由电极106捕获的ECG信号被输入到ECG放大器218。来自放大器218的模拟ECG信号被传递到微控制器209的内置A/D转换器的模拟输入。ECG信号的抽样可被收集在闪存209内。可以捕获其它数量的、其它组的以及其它类型的信号。
处理单元101可以和附加的传感器相连,例如但不限于在Geva的美国专利6366871中所述的传感器。按照微控制器209的一个实施例,其能够接收来自一个或多个生理传感器的输入,并作为响应,启动另一个生理传感器的测量。微控制器209可以按照预定的调度启动多个测量。
按照本发明的实施例,如果某个测量需要人工干预,则处理单元101可以向人发出有声请求,以帮助所述测量。
可以使用来自脚步传感器105(其一般置于人的鞋内)的数据例如用于监视人的日常活动。图3a,3b表示脚步传感器105的可能的结构的两个实施例。其它的实施例也是可能的。可以使用不位于鞋内或脚上的其它类型的脚步传感器。
参见图3a,脚步传感器105例如包括应变仪变换器302和温度补偿的放大器303。放大器303的输出电压借助于合适的连接电缆通过低通滤波器221(图2)被传递给微控制器209的内置A/D变换器的模拟输入。该输入数据例如可以被数字信号处理程序实时地处理。
图3a表示和处理单元101进行无线通信的脚步传感器。例如,可以使用蓝牙标准无线技术。脚步传感器的输出信号可以通过低通滤波器221(图2)传递给微控制器209的内置A/D变换器的模拟输入。该输入数据例如可以由数字信号处理程序实时地处理,并例如通过无线调制解调器传递给处理单元101。
本发明的某些实施例可以包括用于活动测量的系统和方法,例如在Whalen和Breit的美国专利6183425中所述,该专利通过引用被包括在此。6183425专利尤其描述了一种根据地面反作用力(GRFz)的垂直分量的日历史来定量日常活动的系统和方法。该装置包括被置于鞋中的用于检测脚和地面的接触的传感器。可以记录每个有效的落脚和抬脚事件发生的时间。可以利用接触时间间隔的值把地面接触时间例如识别为散布、跑步或“特殊的”,可以拒绝落在已知的散步或跑步接触时间的外部的接触对,以步测时间间隔关系。使用合适的散步和跑步回归方程,定时事件例如可被转换成GRFz的周期的峰值。该系统和方法提供“活动性指标”,其反映散步和跑步的能量消耗。本发明的实施例可以使用这种方法量化在正常的日常活动期间人体的活动性。
从检测鞋垫105接收的数据一般由微控制器209控制的数字信号处理程序进行处理。
在处理期间,可以减少噪声和寄生的无效的接触,例如脚的踢踏或非真正的步态循环。可以使信号和高的、低的高度(level)值比较,以捕获主要由重量负担的接触。可以在存储器210中和其它数据一道顺序地采集在成对的落脚和抬脚事件中脚和地面接触的时间。接触周期的时间间隔的这些原始数据例如可被下载到本地计算机,或者被传递到远方站被进一步处理。
在一个实施例中,在放大器221的输出端的脉冲的持续时间,或者表示落脚的在跑步期间最小脚地接触时间例如可以是大约0.15秒。使用每秒250个采样的采样速率(或者在采样之间的4毫秒的持续时间),获得大约每个脉冲或落脚最小37个采样。图4表示用于使用高、低阈值交叉技术的采样接触周期tc检测算法的输入、输出数据。可以使用其它的特定值,可以使用其它的算法或处理技术。
姿式传感器104例如可以使用来自Silicon Designs,Inc.的三轴数字加速度计型号2420来实现。型号2420含有3个正交安装的型号1010集成的加速度计。该模块产生3个脉冲串输出。传感器104的输出可被连接到微控制器209的计数器输入T0,T1,T2(图2)。
现在参见图5,图中示出了按照本发明的一个实施例相对于作为参考平面的水平面8指定人体的方位的X,Y和Z轴。可以定义在这些平面内围绕这些轴的旋转运动,例如“俯仰”(在XZ平面内绕Y旋转),“滚动”(在YZ平面内绕X旋转)和“偏转”(在XY平面内绕Z旋转)。例如使用姿式传感器的三轴加速度监视可用于提供重心Ac的方位的计算,相对于在人体的垂直位置该重心在XY平面上的投影Ap且坐标Z=0。人体相对于垂直位置的偏离引起传感器104的输出信号的改变。这些信号可被采样,并且例如用时间标记被存储在存储器210中,所述时间用于和其它被同时监视的参数同步。存储的数据的进一步处理可用于提供人体方位的检测(例如休息、在水平面内运动、在垂直平面内运动、快速地或倾斜倒下等)。这个信息和心跳速率、血压以及其它参数相关,可被用于在人的日常锻炼期间进行人的健康状况分析。
加速度传感器103例如可以包括从Silicon Designs,Inc.得到的1010型数字加速度计。加速度计103例如可用于监视连附有可充气套带102的人手的运动。这种加速度计可被连附于人体的其它位置例如腿上。1010型加速度计产生其中脉冲的密度(每秒的脉冲数)和施加的加速度成正比的脉冲串。其在一个小型的气密的外壳中和微型的电容检测元件以及例如包括检测放大器和∑-△ A/D变换器的集成电路组合。其对温度变化以及倾斜度相对不敏感。加速度传感器103的输出信号例如可被连接到微控制器209的计数器输入T1(图2)。该信号的采样数据例如可被存储在存储器210中,借助于时间进行标记以和其它被同时监视的数据同步。下载到计算机的数据的进一步分析可以除去例如血压测量的假结果,例如由在测量期间手的运动引起的。可以使用测量加速度或人体运动的其它加速度计或方法与系统。
图6a表示按照本发明的实施例借助于处理从传感器103接收的数据而产生的试样加速度信号。这个加速度信号表示人的运动速度的改变。其包括振荡分量和恒定分量。为了检测手的快速运动,这个信号可被处理,例如,计算加速度的微分。图6b表示按照一个实施例图6a所示的加速度的微分。这个信号的分析例如可以提供手的快速的或者有意义的运动的检测,例如分量601和602。
一般地说,各种生理的、生命攸关的征候(vital signs),物理的和人体的方位/活动数据被基本上同时地采集和记录与/或传送到远方地点(例如诊室)以供分析。生命攸关的征候数据可以和身体活动相关地被分析。采集的数据例如可被进行时间采样,使得其可被并排地被显示和分析。例如,每个数据项可被借助于时间进行标记,以便和其它被同时监视的数据同步。
在存储器210中存储的数据例如可被下载到具有合适的信号分析和显示能力的外部计算机或工作站。可以使用数据传输的各种方法,例如无线链接(例如使用蓝牙标准或例如由IrDA标准规定的红外方法)、调制解调器链接(例如通过音频通信接口实现的PSTN电话网络),或者其它方法。
在一个实施例中,无线收发器模块214(图2)包括具有用于蓝牙标准的无线电基带LMP和L2CAP层的硬件芯片组。来自应用层的数据通过物理总线发送到无线收发器模块214的L2CAP层。数据从微控制器209通过无线收发器模块214,通过物理射频层流向天线215。在一个典型的实施例中,使用标准的通信应用程序进行微控制器209和蓝牙标准协议堆之间的数据交换。
在一个实施例中,IR收发器213(图2)使用IrDA协议,并且包括发送和接收器红外二极管(未示出)。可以使用用于和无线收发器模块214进行通信的相同的通信协议对在微控制器209和IR收发器213之间的数据交换编程。
可以使用用于数据传递的频移键控(FSK)技术进行经由PSTN电话网络的向本地或远程计算机或工作站的传输。可以由音频软件模块(未示出)产生借助于数据调制的载波频率信号,并通过音频放大器211(图2)把脉冲串序列驱动到音频收发器(或扬声器)212。
可以使用存储器210存储采集的参数。在典型的实施例中,存储器210被包括在处理单元101内。在其它的实施例中,存储器210可以是可除去的微型闪存卡,其可以和读取器相连,用于把存储的数据例如下载到本地或远程计算机以供进一步处理和分析。
图7是按照本发明的实施例的健康监视方法800的流程图。
方法800从阶段810开始,确定测量启动事件的发生。按照本发明的实施例,测量启动事件响应于作为生理数据的测量结果而获得的值。例如,一旦血压超过某个阈值,监视系统便可以确定发生了测量启动事件。
按照本发明的另一个实施例,测量启动事件可以和某个时间表有关,不过可以响应于某个测量结果和某个定时表的组合。
阶段810之后是阶段820,响应测量启动事件的发生进行附加的测量。因而,如果这个附加的测量可被不用干预地进行,则监视系统进行所述测量。否则,发出启动这种测量的请求,并作为响应,至少可以部分地手动执行附加测量。
注意,附加测量可以包括测量生理参数与/或测量生物物理数据。
阶段820之后是阶段830,在多个测量的生理数据之间进行相互关联,以确定发生了健康相关事件与/或确定人的健康状况。健康相关事件可以是心脏事件、血压异常升高或降低、心率的异常升高或降低、血液中的氧饱和度的异常升高或降低、血液中的血糖的异常升高或降低、来自跌倒检测器的事件、来自EEG传感器(睡眠与/或醒着的持续时间)的事件、来自肺活量计的事件以及类似事件。
可以由一个或多个装置进行相互关联,包括监视系统、计算机、蜂窝电话、个人数据附件、与/或远方站。因而,可以借助于发送与/或接收数据或者在发送与/或接收数据之后执行阶段830。
注意,事件或者甚至测量启动事件可被预先定义,和人的医疗历史有关或者无关。
图8是按照本发明的实施例的健康监视方法900的流程图。
方法900由阶段910和920开始。阶段910包括借助于移动系统测量人的生理数据。
阶段920包括测量人的生物物理数据。
阶段910和920之后是阶段930,在测量的生理数据和测量的生物物理数据之间相互关联,以提供相互关联的数据。相互关联的数据可被传输到远方位置,被存储、处理等等。其可被分析,以确定是否发生了健康相关事件,以提供关于人的健康状况等的指示。
本领域技术人员应当理解,虽然结合有限数量的实施例说明了本发明,但是可以作出在本发明的范围和构思内的本发明的改型和其它的应用。
Claims (2)
1.一种健康监视器系统,该系统包括:
至少一个生理数据传感器;
至少一个生物力学数据传感器;以及
处理单元,其和所述至少一个生理数据传感器以及所述至少一个生物力学数据传感器相连,用于在个人的生理数据和与个人的生理活动有关的生物物理数据之间进行相互关联,其中所述至少一个生物力学数据传感器包括用于检测手的运动方式的加速度计传感器。
2.一种健康监视器系统,该系统包括:
至少一个生理数据传感器;
至少一个生物力学数据传感器;以及
处理单元,其和所述至少一个生理数据传感器以及所述至少一个生物力学数据传感器相连,用于在个人的生理数据和与个人的生理活动有关的生物物理数据之间进行相互关联,其中所述至少一个生物力学数据传感器包括用于确定个人的姿式、位置或方位的姿式传感器和用于监视脚的压力的地接触传感器。
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US10/928,791 | 2004-08-26 | ||
US10/928,791 US7299159B2 (en) | 1998-03-03 | 2004-08-26 | Health monitor system and method for health monitoring |
PCT/IL2005/000910 WO2006021956A2 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2005-08-23 | Health monitor system and a method for health monitoring |
Publications (2)
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CN101065752A CN101065752A (zh) | 2007-10-31 |
CN101065752B true CN101065752B (zh) | 2012-10-10 |
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CN200580024225XA Expired - Fee Related CN101065752B (zh) | 2004-08-26 | 2005-08-23 | 健康监视器系统和用于健康监视的方法 |
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US (1) | US7299159B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1782229A4 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101113344B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101065752B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2006021956A2 (zh) |
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US7299159B2 (en) | 2007-11-20 |
KR20070045294A (ko) | 2007-05-02 |
WO2006021956A2 (en) | 2006-03-02 |
KR101113344B1 (ko) | 2012-03-08 |
US20050119833A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
EP1782229A4 (en) | 2009-09-30 |
CN101065752A (zh) | 2007-10-31 |
EP1782229A2 (en) | 2007-05-09 |
WO2006021956A3 (en) | 2006-05-26 |
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