Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, a kind of subsection type railroad switch is provided, it can reduce the liquid braking device and the impact of trave lling girder section generation that misplaces well, and can make the sliding wheel traveling steady.
For achieving the above object, the objective of the invention is to, a kind of subsection type railroad switch is provided, comprise an active beam and at least one passive beam, each beam is separately installed with the F rail, and interconnect by linkage between each beam, between adjacent beam, be provided with an articular lamella that plays a transition role, articular lamella is connected in adjacent beam by coupling assembling, it is characterized in that, articular lamella is a circular arc, it comprises two articular lamella F rails and the connector that is connected two articular lamella F rails, and the end of articular lamella F rail is a circular arc, and the end of the F rail of each beam adjacent with articular lamella also is a circular arc, when the straight line position, the circular arc end of the circular arc end of articular lamella F rail and the F track of beam constitutes two concentric circles segmental arcs respectively.
In above-mentioned technical scheme, having adopted plane structure is the articular lamella of circular arc.The F rail of the end that these articular lamella two ends and adjacent two beam sections are joined all is a circular arc.In the planing surface and the braking surface joint of articular lamella and adjacent beams, the slit is a R-joining.Therefore, no matter track switch still is the side line position in the straight line position, and two blocks of brake(-holder) blocks of the edge of the sliding wheel both sides of train and a secondary liquid braking device can not produce with the beam seam simultaneously and impact, and have increased the stationarity of train driving.
On the basis of technique scheme, can also design various preferable embodiment as described below.
Preferably, the connector of articular lamella is three strip connectors.
Preferably, the coupling assembling that articular lamella is connected in adjacent beam comprises: the axle that is connected the below at articular lamella center; Be set in the outer rocking arm of axle; Two stayed poles, the two ends of stayed pole link to each other by bearing pin and rocking arm and the axle sleeve that is fixed on the beam respectively.
Preferably, the linkage between each beam comprises: be arranged on the shifting shaft on the running truck of beam; Be set in the axle sleeve in the shifting shaft outside; And the poke rod that stretches out from the front end of beam, poke rod offers slotted hole in the vertical, and shifting shaft is engaged in the slotted hole and longitudinally slides.
Preferably, the end face of shifting shaft is provided with slide plate, is provided with the sphere slide head in the lower end of the axle of articular lamella, and slide head contacts with slide plate, with at vertical support joint plate.
Preferably, also comprise a vertical maintaining body, this vertical maintaining body comprises: two the arc steps of end face that are arranged on the F rail of beam; Be arranged on the arc tenon of end face of the F rail of articular lamella; And be fixed on arc press strip on the F rail upper table surface of beam, this arc press strip cover tenon above.
Preferably, at least one slide block is installed on the end positions of the F of articular lamella rail.
Preferably, be respectively arranged with supporting plate, to increase the supporting-point of articular lamella in the end of the F of each beam rail.
Preferably, the slit between the braking surface of the braking surface of the F rail of beam and the F rail of articular lamella is a R-joining, this R-joining with respect to beam longitudinally angle be 20 °~30 °.
Preferably, R-joining with respect to beam longitudinally angle for being 25 °.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the circular arc articular lamella 3 of the preferred embodiment according to the present invention.This circular arc articular lamella 3 is arranged between adjacent beam 1 and the beam 2, as the mid-rail that plays a transition role between two beam sections.Different with prior art (for example US 5,199,674) is that articular lamella 3 of the present invention is a circular arc.
As shown in Figure 1, circular arc articular lamella 3 comprises two F rails 4,4 ', and the connector 5 that connects two F rails.Two F rails 4,4 ' two ends all are circular arc, and the end of the F rail adjacent with circular arc articular lamella 3 of beam 1 and beam 2 also is a circular arc.When track switch was in the straight line position, four camber lines of four camber lines of circular arc articular lamella 3 and beam 1, beam 2 constituted two concentric circles segmental arcs respectively.Be provided with three strip connectors 5 in this embodiment, but one, the connector more than two or three also can be set, its shape also is not limited to strip.
The below at circular arc articular lamella 3 centers is connected with a single mandrel 6.Sheathed rocking arm 7 outside axle 6.The two ends of two stayed poles 8 link to each other with rocking arm 7 and the axle sleeve 23 that is fixed on the beam with 10 by bearing pin 9 respectively.Members such as above-mentioned axle 6, rocking arm 7, stayed pole 8 and bearing pin 9,10 have been formed the coupling assembling that circular arc articular lamella 3 is connected in beam 1 and beam 2.When the angle of rotating with respect to articular lamella 3 when beam 1, beam 2 was β/2, this coupling assembling made the center of circular arc articular lamella 3 equate with the distance maintenance of two beam-ends.Simultaneously, when the bearing pin 10 on two beams with respect to former beam axis (linear position) in when, laterally lateral displacement taking place, can affect circular arc articular lamella 3 and axle 6 also to produce equidirectional displacement, but because the design of circular arc is arranged, make the F rail of beam 1, articular lamella 3 and beam 2 both sides that transversion malposition still can not take place in the joint and move.
As shown in Figure 2, adjacent track switch beam 1, beam 2 are interconnected by linkage.In this embodiment, a kind of slip hinge of described linkage configuration.Specifically, the running truck 25 of the beam 2 afterbodys axle sleeve 18 that is provided with shifting shaft 17 and is set in shifting shaft 17 outsides.Stretch out a poke rod 24 from the front end of beam 1, this poke rod 24 offers slotted hole in the vertical.Shifting shaft 17 can be engaged in the slotted hole and longitudinally slide.When track switch when the straight line position goes to the side line position, shifting shaft 17 and axle sleeve 18 thereof will be from the distances of a weak point of poke rod 24 slippages.
As Fig. 2 and in conjunction with shown in Figure 3, the end face of shifting shaft 17 is provided with one slide-plate 19, fixes a sphere slide head 20 in the lower end of the axle 6 of circular arc articular lamella 3, and this slide head 20 contacts with slide plate 19, can be at vertical support joint plate 3.When the traversing slight distance of articular lamella 3,19 on sphere slide head 20 and slide plate slide.
Shown in Figure 4 and 5, the F rail of the F rail of beam 1,2 and articular lamella 3 dock the arc shaped slits place, be provided with two arc steps 11,12 at beam-ends F rail end face, be provided with arc tenon 13 at the F of articular lamella 3 rail end face.Be shelved on below the tenon 13 on the F rail following table 11 of beam, on the F rail upper table surface of beam with arc press strip 14 of bolt, this arc press strip cover tenon 13 above.Above-mentioned arc step 11, tenon 13 and press strip 14 have been formed a vertical maintaining body, and this maintaining body can guarantee that the F rail of beam 1, beam 2 and articular lamella 3 vertical dislocation does not take place moves.
As Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 6,, 4 slide blocks 15 are installed on the end positions of the F of articular lamella 3 rail for the mismatch error of avoiding the stayed pole coupling assembling causes articular lamella 3 traversing not in place.Drive articular lamella 3 by the shifting block 15 on the side promotion articular lamella of the inboard rail bar of F rail on the beam and laterally move, so that the braking surface of articular lamella F rail is alignd with the braking surface of beam-ends F rail.The location of slide block 15 can geometrical relationship be calculated definite.The quantity of slide block is not limited to four, more or fewer slide blocks also can be set, as long as at least one is arranged.
As Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 7, be respectively arranged with supporting plate 22 in the end of the F rail of beam 1,2, to increase the supporting-point of articular lamella 3.
By the described structure of the foregoing description, when track switch during in the straight line position, the center that relatively rotates of beam 1, beam 2 overlaps with the center of circle of circular arc articular lamella 3.When track switch during in the side line position, the relative rotation of beam 1 center line and beam 2 center lines is β, and at this moment, the relative rotation of the center line of beam 1, beam 2 center lines and articular lamella 3 is β/2.Because β is very little, at the place, slit, beam 1, beam 2 relative articular lamellas 3 form circular motion.
Below will do an analysis contrast with regard to the rectangle articular lamella and the formed slit of circular arc articular lamella of the present invention of prior art.
At first, the slit between the track switch adjacent beams section is subjected to three factor affecting: 1) because the relatively rotating of track switch beam section, slit, rail beam both sides is side elongation, and a side pressure is contracted, and the size in this slit is subjected to the influence of deck-siding and relative rotation; 2) beam is in the slit that length direction produces because of variations in temperature, because the difference of beam length, when temperature raise, slip hinge place, joint was compressed, and when temperature reduced, slip hinge place, joint was opened, and its difference is relevant with the fixedly distance between the center of rotation of two beam sections; 3) because each beam section has center of rotation separately, the slip hinge place of adjacent beams end produces the mistake (displacement) of compression and moves, the size of this changing of the relative positions compression distance is subjected to beam length, the position of beam section center of rotation and the influence of corner, the changing of the relative positions in each joint is not wait, the joint changing of the relative positions near movable end is big, and is little away from the joint changing of the relative positions of movable end.
The width b that supposes the track switch beam is 2120mm, and the relative rotation β of adjacent beams section is 2.4 °, the adjacent beams section fixedly between the center of rotation apart from lo
io
I+1Be 2250mm, range of temperature is 20 ± 30 ℃, and promptly Δ t is 60 ℃.
1) Gap Analysis of rectangle articular lamella
When (1) rotate in the joint, the variable Δ s1 in beam latasuture crack
Δs1=b/2×sin(β/2)=1060×sin1.15°=21.27mm
(2) during variations in temperature, the amount of movement Δ s2 at slip hinge place
Δs2=Δt×α
t×lo
io
i+1=30×1.14×10
-5×2250=0.77mm
When (3) the track switch beam moved, mobile Δ s3 was relevant with the start position of each beam section in the dislocation at slip hinge place.The mobile Δ s3 of dislocation at adjacent two beam slip hinge places is specifically shown in following table 1:
Table 1
Joint position | Δs1 | Δs2 | Δs1+Δs2 | Δs3 | ∑Δs | It is wide to set crack | Straight line position seam is wide | It is wide to open seam |
L1/L2 | 21.27 | 0.77 | 22.04 | 19.8 | 41.8 | 4.0 | 45.8 | 48.0 |
L2/L3 | 21.27 | 0.77 | 22.04 | 11.4 | 33.4 | 4.0 | 37.4 | 48.0 |
L3/L4 | 21.27 | 0.77 | 22.04 | 5.9 | 28.0 | 4.0 | 32.0 | 48.0 |
L4/L5 |
21.27 |
0.77 |
22.04 |
2.0 |
24.0 |
4.0 |
28.0 |
48.0 |
L5/ piles up neatly beam |
21.27 |
0.77 |
22.04 |
0 |
22.0 |
4.0 |
26.0 |
48.0 |
Listed result of calculation is to be example with five troubles (active beam adds four passive beams) of clearing the way in the above form, and wherein L1~L5 represents that respectively active beam is to the last root passive beam.In addition, above-mentioned Δ s1, Δ s2, Δ s3 are a half value of articular lamella place two adjacent beams beams seam.
As can be seen, for five troubles of clearing the way, the maximum of straight line position seam is wide be 45.8mm from above table 1, and minimum is 26.0mm, opens and stitches the wide 48mm of remaining.In addition, for three-throw turnout, also can draw by calculating, the maximum seam of straight line position is wide be 32mm, and crack is wide to be 26mm, and the side line position is opened and stitched the wide 48mm of being about, and crack is wide to be 4mm.This shows that the wide variation of the seam of side line position is bigger, may influence the stationarity that train passes through.
2) the wide analysis of the seam of circular arc articular lamella
In the wide variation of the seam of circular arc articular lamella, the size of the Δ s3 at Δ s2 that variations in temperature causes and slip hinge place equates with the Δ s2 and the Δ s3 in rectangle joint.Because circular arc articular lamella displacement mode with respect to beam when beam rotates is different from the rectangle articular lamella, makes that its wide change of radial slot is less.Make a concrete analysis of as follows:
The radius of curvature of supposing F rail on the track switch beam is R, and the radius of curvature of F rail is r on the articular lamella, causes that by rotation the wide compression of radial slot diminishes.
Δ s1=R * sin (β/2) * sin θ * cos θ=9.5mm (θ is the central angle of articular lamella center of rotation to external latasuture point place).
Table 2a
Joint position | Δs2 | Δs3 | (Δs2+Δs3)×sinθ (d1) | Set straight line position radial slot wide (d2) | Δs1 | Smallest radial seam wide (d2-d1-Δ s1) | Rotation causes Δ x |
L1/L2 | 0.77 | 19.8 | 8.78 | 25 | 9.5 | 6.72 | 22.22 |
L2/L3 | 0.77 | 11.4 | 5.19 | 20 | 9.5 | 5.31 | 22.22 |
L3/L4 | 0.77 | 5.9 | 2.85 | 15 | 9.5 | 2.65 | 22.22 |
L4/L5 | 0.77 | 2.0 | 1.18 | 15 | 9.5 | 4.32 | 22.22 |
L5/ piles up neatly beam | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 9.5 | 5.5 | 22.22 |
Table 2b
Joint position | The mobile Δ s3-of dislocation during temperature rise Δ s2 | Open the mobile Δ x-of vertical dislocation (Δ s3-Δ s2) of side | The radial misalignments of opening side moves (d3) (Δ x-Δ s3+ Δ s2) * sin θ | Radial slot wide (d2+d3) | The longitudinal seam wide ((d2+d3)/sin θ) in the F rail outside |
L1/L2 | 19.03 | 3.191 | 1.36 | 26.36 | 61.79 |
L2/L3 | 10.63 | 11.59 | 4.94 | 24.94 | 58.46 |
L3/L4 | 5.13 | 17.09 | 7.29 | 22.29 | 52.25 |
L4/L5 | 1.23 | 20.99 | 8.95 | 23.95 | 56.14 |
L5/ piles up neatly beam | 0 | 22.22 | 9.47 | 24.47 | 57.36 |
Above table 2a and the result of calculation of 2b are to be example with five troubles of clearing the way, and L1~L5 represents that respectively active beam is to the last root passive beam.
Data from above two forms as can be seen, if will be radially normal seam is wide to be set at 25,20, three kinds of situations of 15mm, the smallest radial seam wide (straight line position) of circular arc articular lamella then of the present invention is between 2.65~6.72mm, and maximum radial seam wide (when opening) is between 22.29~26.36mm.The wide fluctuation range of such seam is obviously less than the situation of above-mentioned rectangle articular lamella, therefore can significantly improve train by the time stationarity.
If come computational analysis with three-throw turnout, it normally stitches wide and needs 15mm, and the smallest radial seam is wide to be 2.65, and the maximum radial seam is wide to be 24.47, and both fluctuation ranges are also very little.Therefore, also can obtain identical conclusion.
Fig. 8 a shows the situation that adopts rectangle articular lamella 3a, has specifically illustrated hydraulic braking sheet 27 and the 27 ' relation with respect to the slit between rectangle articular lamella 3a and the beam 1 on the vehicle.Slit between rectangle articular lamella 3a and the beam 1 also can be considered to the slit between the braking surface of F rail of the braking surface of F rail of beam 1 and articular lamella 3a.As can be seen from the figure, owing to adopt the rectangle articular lamella, so the slit between itself and the beam 1 is a vertical masonry joint.Under the vertical masonry joint situation, hydraulic braking sheet 27,27 ' may be fallen the place, slit simultaneously, so just may bring bigger impact.
Fig. 8 b shows the situation that adopts circular arc articular lamella 3, has specifically illustrated hydraulic braking sheet 27 and the 27 ' relation with respect to the slit between circular arc articular lamella 3 and the beam 1 on the vehicle.Slit between rectangle articular lamella 3 and the beam 1 also can be considered to the slit between the braking surface of F rail of the braking surface of F rail of beam 1 and articular lamella 3.As can be seen from the figure, owing to adopt the circular arc articular lamella, so the slit between itself and the beam 1 is a R-joining.This R-joining with respect to beam longitudinally angle be 20 °~30 °, preferably 25 °.Under the R-joining situation, hydraulic braking sheet 27,27 ' can not fallen the place, slit simultaneously, thereby can reduce to impact.
Fig. 8 c is an elevational schematic view, also shows the situation that adopts circular arc articular lamella 3.Clearly visible from this figure, every group of hydraulic braking sheet 27 and 27 ' can comprise two brake(-holder) blocks respectively.Because the cause of R-joining has three maintenances to contact with the F rail in four brake(-holder) blocks altogether, have only a sector-meeting to fall the place, slit at most.Therefore, the impact in the time of can reducing to brake significantly.
Though abovely subsection type railroad switch of the present invention has been done detailed description, has been familiar with those of ordinary skill in the art and should on the basis of above disclosure, makes various variations that are equal to and change in conjunction with preferred embodiment.
Specifically, in the above-described embodiment, adopt tractive rod-type coupling assembling that articular lamella is connected in the track switch beam, but also can adopt other suitable connected mode, as universal joint, rocking arm-Pivot joint etc.Adjacent track switch beam 1, the linkage between the beam 2 can adopt other configuration except that the hinge of sliding, as slide block-guide-bar mechanism etc.The vertical maintaining body of articular lamella can adopt other mechanism except that the arc step 11 described in the literary composition, tenon 13 and press strip 14, as vertical fixture etc.
Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should not be limited to the above-described specific embodiment, but should be limited by appended claims.